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The spatial distribution of environmental factors, chlorophyll a (Chla), phytoplankton abundance, and community structure in the Laizhou Bay were investigated in August 2018 (wet season after pollution control) to clarify the effects of the pollution control of the Xiaoqing River, which is a major source of pollution, on environmental factors and phytoplankton community structure in this area. The results showed that the environmental factors changed significantly after pollution control of the Xiaoqing River. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic silicon (DSi), NO 3 - , and NO 2 - decreased significantly, with values only 40.1% to 60.4% of those from the same period of in 2017 (the nearest year before the pollution control), whereas dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and NH 4 increased by 2.5 and 1.4 times that of their concentrations in 2017. The spatial distribution of environmental factors changed significantly, with the nutrient concentrations around the Xiaoqing River estuary noticeably decreasing. The abundance of phytoplankton cells was 21.5×10 6 cell·m -3 , which was close to the results of a previous study, whereas the ρ (Chla) was 2.43 μg·L -1 , which decreased obviously. Both microscopic analysis and pigment taxonomy suggested that phytoplankton community structure in the Laizhou Bay changed clearly, with the dominant community shifting from diatoms alone to the co-dominance of diatoms and cyanobacteria. Chaetoceros curvisetus , Skeletonema costatum , and Cerataulina pelagica , which were commonly observed in the Laizhou Bay before pollution control of the Xiaoqing River, decreased in 2018, whereas the abundance of common dominant freshwater species (e.g., Merismopedia sp. and Synedra spp.) increased significantly. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the phytoplankton community was significantly related to nitrogen, phosphate (negative correlation), and salinity (negative correlation) after pollution control of the Xiaoqing River, indicating that the variation in nutrient concentration and the structure of river runoff input may be the main factors affecting phytoplankton community and dominant species structure.

Objective: To explore guiding role of three-column theory in manipulative reduction, small splint fixation and early rehabilitative exercises of Colles fracture., Methods: From August 2011 to February 2012,47 patients with Colles fractures were treated by manipulative reduction small splinting fixation and early rehabilitative exercises under the guidance of three-column theory, including 21 males and 26 females aged from 40 to 76 years old with an average of (65.5 +/- 2.3). According to AO fracture classification, 27 patients were type A (including 18 cases with type A2 and 9 cases with type A3) and 20 patients were type C (including 10 cases with type C1, 6 cases with type C2 and 4 cases with type C3). Pain and recovery time of swelling, postoperative complications were observed and recorded, Gartland-Werley scoring system were applied for evaluate functional recovery and biomechanical analysis of wrist joint at 12 weeks after operation., Results: All patients were followed up for 3 to 9 months with average of 5 months. Pain relief time ranged from 5 to 15 d with average of (7.6 +/- 2.2) d,recovery time of swelling of opisthenar was for 6 to 13 d with an average of (8.9 +/- 1.9) d. Two patients occurred tension vesicle within 3 days after operation, but no other complications occurred. According to Gartland-Werley scoring system, 25 cases got excellent results, 18 cases good and 4 cases moderate at 12 weeks after operation., Conclusion: Under the guidance of three-column theory, treating Colles fracture by manipulative reduction, small splinting fixation and early rehabilitative exercises can reduce pain and swelling time, promote union of fracture, effectively rehabilitate wrist function, improve clinical efficacy, and fit for concept of biomechanics.

Objective: To explore the associations between fasting serum lipids and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)., Methods: Serum triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hsCRP were measured in residents of Chengdu, China. Subjects with potential factors which might influence lipids and hsCRP were excluded, 580 subjects [mean age (62.3 ± 6.6) years; male: 58.7%] were finally recruited by random sampling methods., Results: There was a weak positive relationship between TG and hsCRP (r = 0.108, P = 0.01) and a weak negative relationship between HDL-C and hsCRP (r = -0.197, P < 0.001), this was also true in the sub-group with BMI < 24 kg/m(2) (r = 0.236, -0.140 respectively, all P < 0.001). In subjects with BMI < 24 kg/m(2), the hsCRP concentration was significantly higher in subjects with higher TG or lower HDL-C (all P < 0.05). hsCRP increased in proportion with the degree of dyslipidemia. After adjusting for gender, age, TC, LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, history of hypertension and diabetes, smoking and alcohol drinking, logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for increased hsCRP was 1.970 in subjects with either increased TG or lower HDL-C (P = 0.105) and 9.098 in subjects with both higher TG or lower HDL-C levels (P = 0.031). However, the observed relationship between TG, HDL-C and hsCRP in subjects with BMI < 24 kg/m(2) could not be observed in subjects with subjects with BMI > 24 kg/m(2) despite significant more cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects., Conclusions: A weak positive correlation between TG and hsCRP as well as a weak negative correlation between HDL-C and hsCRP was evidenced in the whole cohort suggesting dyslipidemia might be related to enhanced inflammatory status. However, this relationship is not observed in subjects with BMI > 24 kg/m(2) despite existence of more cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects.

Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) acts on many different kinds of cells, including monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, eosinophils, and multipotential stem cells. To explore further explore pharmaceutical action, we expressed hGM-CSF by the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus expression system in silkworm pupae. However, purifying recombinant proteins from silkworm pupae on a large scale has been a big challenge. To establish purification methods suitable for mass production, we tried two crude preparation methods: (NH4)2SO4 fractional precipitation and isoelectric precipitation with a combination of gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The isoelectric precipitation method was found to be more efficient. With this method, we eventually obtained approx 11.7 mg of 95% pure product from 1000 g of infected silkworm pupae. The recovery of purified protein was greatly increased, by approx 40%, compared with the other method. The biologic activity of this protein was determined up to 9.0 x 106 colony-forming units/mg in the final purified product.

A cDNA library containing 2409 singletons was constructed from whole silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) In addition, the types of genes overexpressed in pupa were analyzed. These genes contained 79 types of proteins with the exception of enzyme, mitochondrial DNA, andribosomal protein. Also analyzed were the expression and nonexpression of open reading frame (ORF) sequences in Escherichia coli. cDNA sequences were compared to the silkworm (B. mori) genome in the GenBank database and the silkworm cDNA database including the SilkBase and KAIKOBLAST databases and 498 novel expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 217 unknown ESTs were found. After comparison with all available ORF-complete mRNA sequences from the same organism (fruitfly, mosquito, and apis) in the RefSeq collection, 1659 full-length cDNA were identified. In addition, the structure of silkworm mRNA was analyzed, and it was found that 66.8% of silkworm mRNA tailed with poly(A) contained the highly conserved AAUAAA signal and the signal located 10-17 nucleotides upstream of the putative poly(A). Finally, the composition of nucleotides in promoter region for all ESTs was surveyed. The results imply that the TTTTA box may possess some functions in regulating transcription and expression of some genes.

Aim: To investigate the protective effects of shark hepatic stimulator substance (sHSS) against acute hepatic injury induced by acetaminophen (AAP) in mice., Methods: Acute hepatic injury model of Balb/c mice was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of AAP (200 mg.kg-1, i.p.). Serum ALT and AST activities were analyzed. The changes of microstructure and ultrastructure of hepatocyte were observed under optical and electronic microscope. The hepatocyte apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometer and the expression level of Fas mRNA was determined by RT-PCR., Results: The activities of serum ALT and AST were significantly decreased and both necrosis and inflammatory infiltration were improved in the mice treated with sHSS 3.0 and 1.5 mg.kg-1. sHSS (3.0 mg.kg-1) prevented the ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes caused by AAP, decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells, and downregulated the expression level of Fas mRNA., Conclusion: sHSS protected hepatocytes from AAP-induced injury, which might be associated with its protection of the mitochondria and inhibition of apoptosis and expression of Fas mRNA in hepatocytes.

A method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of recycle alkanes in the production of alkyl benzenes is proposed in this paper. The mixture was separated into saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes and cyclanes) and aromatics by means of adsorption chromatography with silica gel of 100 mesh-200 mesh as stationary phase and n-pentane and dichloromethane as eluents. Results were obtained by analysing these two fractions separately. A total of 21 different kinds of n-, iso-, cyclo and a few light aromatic hydrocarbons were identified in the saturated hydrocarbons which were 97.3% of the mixture, while the rest 2.4% aromatic hydrocarbons included 15 different kinds of indanes, naphthanes and diphenylanes, the majority of which were products of dehydrogenation and alkylation, and the minor part was from original alkanes. By-products can be truely revealed by the qualitative analysis, which can be used to improve the process conditions. Analysis showed that after adsorption separation by silica gel, the low-content aromatic hydrocarbons was concentrated, and thus the analysis accuracy and sensitivity were improved. Preseparation avoided the problems which would appear if the samples were directly analysed by gas chromatography or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.