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In order to build a unified teaching pattern integrating knowledge delivery, skill cultivation and value guidance, this article, based on the targets of cultivating medical talents in the new era, aims to explore the pathway of curriculum ideological and political education in

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a significant public health problem affecting the health of our population. Physical inactivity is a significant risk factor for the occurrence and development of major chronic diseases, including T2DM, and appropriate physical activity patterns and levels have positive implications for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. This paper reviews the progress and results of domestic and international studies on the relationship between physical activity and the occurrence, development, and mortality of T2DM in recent years to support the improvement of strategies and measures for the prevention and management of diabetes in general and high-risk populations in China.2型糖尿病（T2DM）已成为影响我国居民健康的重要公共卫生问题。身体活动不足是包括T2DM在内的主要慢性病发生、发展的重要危险因素，适宜的身体活动模式及水平对T2DM的防治有积极的意义。本文就近年来国内外针对身体活动与T2DM发生、发展和死亡之间关系的研究进展及成果进行综述，以期为完善我国一般和高危人群T2DM预防及T2DM患者管理的策略和措施提供支持。.

2021年第5版WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤新分类的胶质神经元和神经元肿瘤部分引入更多分子遗传学标准；新增了少突胶质细胞瘤样特征和核簇的弥漫性胶质神经元肿瘤、黏液样胶质神经元肿瘤、多结节空泡状神经元肿瘤；废弃了间变性神经节细胞胶质瘤；副神经节瘤归入颅神经及椎旁神经肿瘤。本文对以上变更作简要解读。.

The influence of cilostazol on learning and memory, and cyclin D1 expression in the cerebral cortex of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia were investigated. A chronic cerebral ischemia model was established using the permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion method (2VO), learning and memory capacity was detected using the Morris water maze, and expression changes in apoptosis regulating gene cyclin D1 were tested by RT-PCR. Results of the Morris water maze indicated that significant extensions were found in the escape latent period and swimming path of rats in the ischemia group (2VO group), learning and memory results in the cilostazol group was obviously superior compared to the 2VO group (P

The molybdenum (Mo) non-point source pollution in the mining area has an irreversible impact on the surrounding water and soil ecosystems. Herein, three integrated vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CWs) were constructed to assess the effects of combination substrates and plant on the removal of Mo(VI). Results showed that CW1 with combination substrates and cattail exhibited a favorable removal performance for Mo(VI) at 80.90%. Moreover, most Mo(VI) retained in the CWs was retained in the substrate (58.13–88.04%), and the largest fraction of Mo(VI) retained was the water-soluble fraction on the surface of the combination substrates. Mo(VI) removal was also influenced by the microbial community composition in substrate, especially their co-occurrence networks. The species that showed significant positive correlation with Mo(VI) removal were Planctomycetes, Latescibacteria, Armatimonadetes, and Gemmatimonadetes. Moreover, CWs added plants showed that more co-occurrences interaction between taxa occurs, which means that the wetlands efficiently select recruitment of potential microbial consortia and change the co-occurrences to remove pollution in the substrate. These results could be useful in providing an ecology-based solution for the treatment of Mo(VI) in wastewater, especially in adjusting the microbial communities for Mo(VI) removal at the genetic level.

Stroke has high disability rate and high mortality rate, resulting in huge disease burden to society and individuals. In the context of highly informationization of global health system, countries have built and improved various public health information platform to provide support for health decision-making through public health information collection, classification, extraction, analysis and sharing in the research of disease burden of stroke. Based on the retrieval of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper summarizes the research methods of stroke-caused disease burden and its public health information sources in China, evaluates the significance of public health as well as the limitations of each research method of disease burden and describes the application and development of stroke-caused disease burden big data platform in the world, and provide suggestions for establishing a more modern and information-based stroke-caused disease burden evaluation system in China by analyzing the limitations of the existing stroke-caused disease burden evaluation system.脑卒中发病具有致残率高、死亡率高的特点，给社会和个人带来巨大的疾病负担。在全球卫生系统高度信息化的今天，各国纷纷搭建与完善公共卫生信息平台，通过平台中的公共卫生信息实现收集、整理、挖掘、分析、共享一体化，研究脑卒中的疾病负担，为卫生决策提供支撑。本研究通过对国内外文献资料进行检索复习，概述了我国脑卒中疾病负担的研究方法及其公共卫生信息来源，评价了各个疾病负担研究方法的公共卫生学意义以及局限性，描述了全球以及我国脑卒中疾病负担大数据平台的应用及发展情况，并通过总结我国现有的脑卒中疾病负担评价系统的局限性，对我国建立更加现代化以及信息化的脑卒中疾病负担评价系统提供建议。.

To study and establish a set technology systems of sampling, investigation, quality control, and data analysis of complex sampling for chronic diseases and risk factor surveillance in China based on the requirements of the WHO and China's national conditions, and provide evidence for the policy making and prevention and control evaluation of chronic diseases and technical support for the research of chronic diseases. Through the study of complex sampling technique, adjustment of surveillance points and evaluation of their representatives, a national and provincial representative surveillance system and a complex weighted data analysis were established. According to the relevant plans, actions, and policies in China and other countries, the surveillance content and index system were studied and constructed, which was in line with China's national conditions, "1 + X" steps surveillance, covering the content of questionnaire , physical measurement, and laboratory testing. Based on modern information technology, a three-level platform of information collection and a multi-center laboratory quality control technology system were established, including sampling, information collection, biological sample management, quality control, and result display. Relying on the above research techniques, a national epidemiological investigation was conducted in China, which covered cerebrovascular disease, mental disorders, digestive system disease, and diabetes complications, to obtain the national representative data. This study reflected the innovation of "combination of medicine and prevention" and multi department cooperation in the fields of clinical medicine and public health and provided some big data for the health policy making and the evaluation of the effects of chronic disease prevention and control.研究构建一套满足WHO要求、符合中国国情的中国慢性病及危险因素监测的抽样、调查、质量控制、复杂抽样数据分析技术体系，并推广应用，为慢性病防治政策制定和防控效果评估提供依据，为慢性病科学研究提供技术平台支撑是本研究的目的。通过研究复杂抽样技术、监测系统调整及代表性的论证方法，建立了国家和省级代表性的慢性病及危险因素监测系统和复杂加权的数据分析方法。根据国内外相关规划、行动和政策，研究构建了符合我国国情“1+X”阶梯式、涵盖问卷、体测和实验室检测等监测内容和指标体系。基于现代信息技术，研究构建了集抽样、信息采集、生物样本管理、质量控制、结果展示于一体的三级构架的信息收集与管理平台和多中心实验室质控技术体系。应用上述研究技术，在我国开展了全国脑血管病、精神障碍、消化系统疾病和糖尿病并发症等流行病学研究，获得了脑血管病、消化系统疾病、精神障碍、糖尿病并发症等全国代表性数据，充分体现“医防结合”、多部门协作在临床及公共卫生领域的合作模式创新，阐述了我国居民主要慢性病的流行状况及变化趋势，为重大慢性病流行病学大数据研究提供了全国和省级代表性的数据资源，为制定健康政策和评估慢性病防控效果提供了科学依据。.

TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel-1 (TASK-1) is a "leak" potassium channel sensitive to extracellular protons. It contributes to setting the resting potential in mammalian neurons. TASK-1 channels are widely expressed in respiratory-related neurons in the central nervous system. Inhibition of TASK-1 by extracellular acidosis can depolarize and increase the excitability of these cells. Here we describe the distribution of TASK-1 in the rat brainstem and show that TASK-1 mRNAs are present in respiratory-related nuclei in the ventrolateral medulla, which have been proposed as neural substrates for central chemo-reception in rats. After inhalation of 8% CO2 for 30 and 60 min, TASK-1 mRNA levels in positive-expression neurons were remarkably upregulated. Injection of the TASK-1 blocker anandamide (AEA) into the rat lateral cerebral ventricle, showed a significant excitement of respiratory at 10 min posttreatment, with a marked decrease in inspiratory and expiratory durations and an increased frequency of respiration. We suggest that TASK-1 channel may serve as a chemosensor for in central respiration and may contribute to pH-sensitive respiratory effects. TASK-1 channel might be an attractive candidate for sensing H^(+)/CO2 in several respiratory-related nuclei in the brainstem. It is likely that TASK-1 participates in pH-sensitive chemical regulation in the respiratory center under physiological and pathological conditions.

The research performed in China on cement-based composites reinforced with randomly 3D distributed basalt fibers is analyzed and summarized, and six possible directions of further investigations into this field are proposed.

The static dipole polarizabilities of the first three lowest states of hydrogen molecules ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, HD, and ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ are calculated using variationally generated wave functions in Hylleraas coordinates without using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Our results for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and HD are two orders of magnitude more accurate than the best literature values. We also improve the previous best results for ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$.

Background Targets of therapy in ulcerative colitis (UC) have undergone a shift from clinical remission to endoscopic healing (EH). Recent STRIDE II guidelines1 have recommended stricter criteria for EH, Ulcerative Colitis Index of Severity (UCEIS) ≤1 or Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES)=0, with histologic healing (HH) as an adjunctive endpoint. We aim to ascertain the strength of correlations between EH and HH using validated indices in an Asian cohort. Methods A single-centre cohort study was performed in a tertiary centre. Patients with a diagnosis of UC were prospectively enrolled into a database from January 2017 to June 2020. Patient demographics, clinical classification, endoscopic and histological assessments were collected retrospectively and analysed. Endoscopic scores in the worst affected segments by two independent gastroenterologists. Histological activity was assessment by a single gastrointestinal histopathologist using the Nancy Histological Index (NHI). Analysis was done using SPSS v23. Spearman correlations between UCEIS, MES and NHI was performed. Results A total of 88 patients with UC were enrolled (Figure 1). Seven patients were excluded as no biopsies were done during endoscopy. Analysis was done for 163 pairs of endoscopy and histology. The distribution of UCEIS, MES and NHI scores for all endoscopies are shown in Figure 2. Both MES and UCEIS had modest correlations with NHI but UCEIS had a stronger correlation to NHI (r=0.640, p Conclusion UCEIS ≤1 is slightly more predictive of HH than MES=0 but endoscopic correlation with HH is poor. Biopsies should still be performed if HH is a desired treatment outcome. The more stringent criteria change for EH in STRIDE II from MES≤1 to MES=0 results in higher rates of HH. Reference 1. Turner D, et al.; International Organization for the Study of IBD. STRIDE-II: An Update on the Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (STRIDE) Initiative of the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD): Determining Therapeutic Goals for Treat-to-Target strategies in IBD. Gastroenterology. 2021 Apr;160(5):1570–1583.

The Schr\"odinger equation for the $nP$ $(4\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}10)$ states of lithium is solved using the Rayleigh-Ritz variational method in Hylleraas coordinates, where the asymptotic behavior of the wave function that is specific to a Rydberg state is built in explicitly to improve the accuracy of the solution. The nonrelativistic variational energies of the $nP$ $(4\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}10)$ states reach an accuracy of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ to ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$. In addition, the fine-structure splittings of these states are also calculated and compared with experimental results.

To investigate the prevalence ofA total of 1 463 students from Grade 2014 who studied Medical Parasitology in Kunming Medical University were included in the survey.The overall prevalence ofA relatively low prevalence of

Sleep is an important physiological activity. With the changing life style in this modern world, the average duration of sleep in human beings is decreasing, and the prevalence of sleep disorder or insomnia is increasing. Short duration and disorders of sleep or insomnia may often lead to increased prevalence/incidence of major chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. Currently, chronic diseases have become the main causes of death and with high disease burden among the Chinese. In the Healthy China Initiative (2019-2030), prevention and control of chronic diseases including "moving forward" , "slowing down the upward trend of the prevalence of insomnia" as the expected indices and "extending the sleep duration of adults to 7-8 hours a day" as the advocacy index, were all called for. In this group of articles, basic data for sleep status of adults in different regions of the country was provided to help understand the relations between sleep and major chronic diseases, and strategies related to prevention and control of chronic diseases.睡眠是一项重要的生理活动，随着现代生活节奏的不断加快，人们的平均睡眠时间不断减少，睡眠障碍或失眠率日益升高。睡眠时间过少、睡眠障碍或失眠可导致高血压、糖尿病、肥胖和血脂异常等主要慢性病患病/发病率升高。目前，慢性病已经成为我国居民的主要死亡原因和疾病负担，《健康中国行动（2019-2030）》中明确指出：慢性病防控要"关口前移"，将"失眠现患率上升趋势减缓"作为预期指标和"成人睡眠7~8小时"作为倡导性指标。本期重点号文章为我国和不同区域居民的睡眠状况提供了基础数据，为睡眠与主要慢性病研究奠定了基础，也为慢性病防控"关口前移"提供了科学依据。.

To research the role of homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) on the oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) of normal rat kidney-52E (NRK-52E) cells, through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway MATERIALS AND METHODS: First, we transfected the NRK-52E cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) of HIPK2 by LipofectamineTM 2000, Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) were used to test the efficiency of transfection after 48 h. After cells were treated with H/R, we tested cell apoptosis by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, PCR, and Western blot.After NRK-52E cells were transfected with siRNA-HIPK2, the protein expression of HIPK2 was remarkably decreased. Cell apoptosis and OS in the H/R group were significantly increased. However, in the HIPK2-siRNA + H/R group, apoptosis and OS were markedly decreased compared with the H/R group.Inhibition of HIPK2 expression can promote H/R-induced proliferation of NRK-52E cells through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, relieve the OS response, and reduce apoptosis.

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of microRNA-32 (miR-32) in ovarian cancer and the possible underlying mechanism.Ovarian cancer tissues were collected from 100 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer in our hospital. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-32 and its target gene in ovarian tissues. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted to detect the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Meanwhile, the transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells, respectively. Bioinformatics (including TargetScan, miRDB, and microRNA) were used to predict the target genes of miR-32. Furthermore, The Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the binding relationship.MiR-32 was significantly downregulated in both ovarian cancer tissues and cells. The overexpression of miR-32 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. B and T lymphocyte associated (BTLA) was screened out as a target gene of miR-32. Furthermore, BTLA could counteract the effects of miR-32 on ovarian cancer cells.Acting as a suppressor gene, miR-32 inhibited the malignant behaviors of ovarian cancer cells by regulating its target gene BTLA.

中枢神经系统肿瘤分类分子信息及实践方法联盟-非WHO官方组织（cIMPACT-NOW）就2016 WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类第4版修订版发布以来的神经系统肿瘤部分临床实践中的分类分级、争议问题与研究进展进行了深入的分析研究，发布了4次更新，包括（1）NEC、NOS术语的使用范围；（2）H3K27M突变型弥漫性中线胶质瘤的定义修订；（3）IDH野生型具有胶质母细胞瘤分子特征的弥漫性星形细胞胶质瘤，WHO Ⅳ级的分子遗传特征；（4）以MYB、MYBL1或FGFR1改变或BRAF V600E突变为特征的IDH野生型/H3野生型弥漫性胶质瘤。上述更新将成为未来第5版WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类改版建议，在该文中逐一进行分析解读。.