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2. Long term health outcomes in people with diabetes 12 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective cohort studyResearch in context
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Safoora Gharibzadeh, Ash Routen, Cameron Razieh, Francesco Zaccardi, Claire Lawson, Clare Gillies, Simon Heller, Melanie Davies, Helen Atkins, Stephen C. Bain, Nazir L. Lone, Krisnah Poinasamy, Tunde Peto, Elizabeth Robertson, Bob Young, Desmond Johnston, Jennifer Quint, Jonathan Valabhji, Khalida Ismail, Michael Marks, Alex Horsley, Annemarie Docherty, Ewen Harrison, James Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Betty Raman, Chris Brightling, Omer Elneima, Rachel Evans, Neil Greening, Victoria C. Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Louise Wain, Claudia Langenberg, John Dennis, John Petrie, Naveed Sattar, Olivia Leavy, Mattew Richardson, Ruth M. Saunders, Anne McArdle, Hamish McASuley, Tom Yates, Kamlesh Khunti, C.E. Brightling, R.A. Evans, L.V. Wain, J.D. Chalmers, V.C. Harris, L.P. Ho, A. Horsley, M. Marks, K. Poinasamy, B. Raman, A. Shikotra, A. Singapuri, R. Dowling, C. Edwardson, O. Elneima, S. Finney, N.J. Greening, B. Hargadon, L. Houchen--Wolloff, O.C. Leavy, H.J.C. McAuley, C. Overton, T. Plekhanova, R.M. Saunders, M. Sereno, C. Taylor, S. Terry, C. Tong, B. Zhao, D. Lomas, E. Sapey, C. Berry, C.E. Bolton, N. Brunskill, E.R. Chilvers, R. Djukanovic, Y. Ellis, D. Forton, N. French, J. George, N.A. Hanley, N. Hart, L. McGarvey, N. Maskell, H. McShane, M. Parkes, D. Peckham, P. Pfeffer, A. Sayer, A. Sheikh, A.A.R. Thompson, N. Williams, W. Greenhalf, M.G. Semple, M. Ashworth, H.E. Hardwick, L. Lavelle-Langham, W. Reynolds, V. Shaw, B. Venson, A.B. Docherty, E.M. Harrison, J.K. Baillie, L. Daines, R. Free, S. Kerr, N.I. Lone, D. Lozano-Rojas, K. Ntotsis, R. Pius, J. Quint, M. Richardson, M. Thorpe, M. Halling-Brown, F. Gleeson, J. Jacob, S. Neubauer, S. Siddiqui, J.M. Wild, S. Aslani, G. Baxter, M. Beggs, C. Bloomfield, M.P. Cassar, A. Chiribiri, E. Cox, D.J. Cuthbertson, V.M. Ferreira, L. Finnigan, S. Francis, P. Jezzard, G.J. Kemp, H. Lamlum, E. Lukaschuk, C. Manisty, G.P. McCann, C. McCracken, K. McGlynn, R. Menke, C.A. Miller, A.J. Moss, T.E. Nichols, C. Nikolaidou, C. O'Brien, G. Ogbole, B. Rangelov, D.P. O'Regan, A. Pakzad, S. Piechnik, S. Plein, I. Propescu, A.A. Samat, L. Saunders, Z.B. Sanders, R. Steeds, T. Treibel, E.M. Tunnicliffe, M. Webster, J. Willoughby, J. Weir McCall, C. Xie, M. Xu, H. Baxendale, M. Brown, B. Gooptu, R.G. Jenkins, D. Jones, I. Koychev, C. Langenberg, A. Lawrie, P.L. Molyneaux, J. Pearl, M. Ralser, N. Sattar, J.T. Scott, T. Shaw, D. Thomas, D. Wilkinson, L.G. Heaney, A. De Soyza, D. Adeloye, J.S. Brown, J. Busby, C. Echevarria, J. Hurst, P. Novotny, C. Nicolaou, I. Rudan, M. Shankar-Hari, S. Walker, B. Zheng, J.R. Geddes, M. Hotopf, K. Abel, R. Ahmed, L. Allan, C. Armour, D. Baguley, D. Baldwin, C. Ballard, K. Bhui, G. Breen, K. Breeze, M. Broome, T. Brugha, E. Bullmore, D. Burn, F. Callard, J. Cavanagh, T. Chalder, D. Clark, A. David, B. Deakin, H. Dobson, B. Elliott, J. Evans, R. Francis, E. Guthrie, P. Harrison, M. Henderson, A. Hosseini, N. Huneke, M. Husain, T. Jackson, I. Jones, T. Kabir, P. Kitterick, A. Korszun, J. Kwan, A. Lingford-Hughes, P. Mansoori, H. McAllister-Williams, K. McIvor, B. Michael, L. Milligan, R. Morriss, E. Mukaetova-Ladinska, K. Munro, A. Nevado-Holgado, T. Nicholson, S. Paddick, C. Pariante, J. Pimm, K. Saunders, M. Sharpe, G. Simons, J.P. Taylor, R. Upthegrove, S. Wessely, S. Amoils, C. Antoniades, A. Banerjee, A. Bularga, P. Chowienczyk, J.P. Greenwood, A.D. Hughes, K. Khunti, C. Lawson, N.L. Mills, A.N. Sattar, C.L. Sudlow, M. Toshner, P.J.M. Openshaw, D. Altmann, R. Batterham, N. Bishop, P.C. Calder, C.M. Efstathiou, J.L. Heeney, T. Hussell, P. Klenerman, F. Liew, J.M. Lord, P. Moss, S.L. Rowland-Jones, W. Schwaeble, R.S. Thwaites, L. Turtle, S. Walmsley, D. Wraith, M.J. Rowland, A. Rostron, B. Connolly, D.F. McAuley, D. Parekh, J. Simpson, C. Summers, J. Porter, R.J. Allen, R. Aul, S. Barratt, P. Beirne, J. Blaikley, R.C. Chambers, N. Chaudhuri, C. Coleman, E. Denneny, L. Fabbri, P.M. George, M. Gibbons, B. Guillen Guio, I. Hall, E. Hufton, I. Jarrold, G. Jenkins, S. Johnson, M.G. Jones, S. Jones, F. Khan, P. Mehta, J. Mitchell, J.E. Pearl, K. Piper Hanley, P. Rivera-Ortega, L.C. Saunders, D. Smith, M. Spears, L.G. Spencer, S. Stanel, I. Stewart, D. Thickett, R. Thwaites, S. Walsh, D.G. Wootton, L. Wright, S. Heller, M.J. Davies, H. Atkins, S. Bain, J. Dennis, K. Ismail, D. Johnston, P. Kar, P. McArdle, A. McGovern, T. Peto, J. Petrie, E. Robertson, K. Shah, J. Valabhji, B. Young, L.S. Howard, Mark Toshner, J. Newman, L. Price, A. Reddy, J. Rossdale, C. Sudlow, M. Wilkins, S.J. Singh, W.D.-C. Man, N. Armstrong, E. Baldry, M. Baldwin, N. Basu, M. Beadsworth, L. Bishop, A. Briggs, M. Buch, G. Carson, H. Chinoy, C. Dawson, E. Daynes, S. Defres, L. Gardiner, P. Greenhaff, S. Greenwood, M. Harvie, L. HOuchen-Wolloff, S. MacDonald, A. McArdle, A. McMahon, M. McNarry, G. Mills, C. Nolan, K. O'Donnell, Pimm, J. Sargent, L. Sigfrid, M. Steiner, D. Stensel, A.L. Tan, I. Vogiatzis, J. Whitney, D. Wilson, M. Witham, T. Yates, C. Laing, K. Bramham, P. Chowdhury, A. Frankel, L. Lightstone, S. McAdoo, K. McCafferty, M. Ostermann, N. Selby, C. Sharpe, M. Willicombe, L. Houchen-Wolloff, J. Bunker, R. Gill, C. Hastie, R. Nathu, N. Rogers, N. Smith, A. Shaw, L. Armstrong, B. Hairsine, H. Henson, C. Kurasz, L. Shenton, S. Fairbairn, A. Dell, N. Hawkings, J. Haworth, M. Hoare, A. Lucey, V. Lewis, G. Mallison, H. Nassa, C. Pennington, A. Price, C. Price, A. Storrie, G. Willis, S. Young, K. Chong-James, C. David, W.Y. James, A. Martineau, O. Zongo, A. Sanderson, V. Brown, T. Craig, S. Drain, B. King, N. Magee, D. McAulay, E. Major, J. McGinness, R. Stone, A. Haggar, A. Bolger, F. Davies, J. Lewis, A. Lloyd, R. Manley, E. McIvor, D. Menzies, K. Roberts, W. Saxon, D. Southern, C. Subbe, V. Whitehead, H. El-Taweel, J. Dawson, L. Robinson, D. Saralaya, L. Brear, K. Regan, K. Storton, J. Fuld, A. Bermperi, I. Cruz, K. Dempsey, A. Elmer, H. Jones, S. Jose, S. Marciniak, C. Ribeiro, J. Taylor, L. Watson, J. Worsley, R. Sabit, L. Broad, A. Buttress, T. Evans, M. Haynes, L. Jones, L. Knibbs, A. McQueen, C. Oliver, K. Paradowski, J. Williams, E. Harris, C. Sampson, C. Lynch, E. Davies, C. Evenden, A. Hancock, K. Hancock, M. Rees, L. Roche, N. Stroud, T. Thomas-Woods, M. Babores, J. Bradley-Potts, M. Holland, N. Keenan, S. Shashaa, H. Wassall, E. Beranova, H. Weston, T. Cosier, L. Austin, J. Deery, T. Hazelton, H. Ramos, R. Solly, S. Turney, L. Pearce, W. McCormick, S. Pugmire, W. Stoker, A. Wilson, L.A. Aguilar Jimenez, G. Arbane, S. Betts, K. Bisnauthsing, A. Dewar, G. Kaltsakas, H. Kerslake, M.M. Magtoto, P. Marino, L.M. Martinez, T.S. Solano, E. Wynn, W. Storrar, M. Alvarez Corral, A. Arias, E. Bevan, D. Griffin, J. Martin, J. Owen, S. Payne, A. Prabhu, A. Reed, C. Wrey Brown, T. Burdett, J. Featherstone, A. Layton, C. Mills, L. Stephenson, N. Easom, P. Atkin, K. Brindle, M.G. Crooks, K. Drury, R. Flockton, L. Holdsworth, A. Richards, D.L. Sykes, S. Thackray-Nocera, C. Wright, K.E. Lewis, A. Mohamed, G. Ross, S. Coetzee, K. Davies, R. Hughes, R. Loosley, L. O'Brien, Z. Omar, H. McGuinness, E. Perkins, J. Phipps, A. Taylor, H. Tench, R. Wolf-Roberts, O. Kon, D.C. Thomas, S. Anifowose, L. Burden, E. Calvelo, B. Card, C. Carr, D. Copeland, P. Cullinan, P. Daly, L. Evison, T. Fayzan, H. Gordon, S. Haq, C. King, K. March, M. Mariveles, L. McLeavey, N. Mohamed, S. Moriera, U. Munawar, J. Nunag, U. Nwanguma, L. Orriss-Dib, A. Ross, M. Roy, E. Russell, K. Samuel, J. Schronce, N. Simpson, L. Tarusan, C. Wood, N. Yasmin, R. Reddy, A.-M. Guerdette, M. Hewitt, K. Warwick, S. White, A.M. Shah, C.J. Jolley, O. Adeyemi, R. Adrego, H. Assefa-Kebede, J. Breeze, S. Byrne, P. Dulawan, A. Hayday, A. Hoare, A. Knighton, M. Malim, S. Patale, I. Peralta, N. Powell, A. Ramos, K. Shevket, F. Speranza, A. Te, A. Ashworth, J. Clarke, C. Coupland, M. Dalton, E. Wade, C. Favager, J. Greenwood, J. Glossop, L. Hall, T. Hardy, A. Humphries, J. Murira, J. Rangeley, G. Saalmink, B. Whittam, N. Window, J. Woods, G. Coakley, L. Allerton, A. Berridge, J. Brown, S. Cooper, A. Cross, S.L. Dobson, J. Earley, K. Hainey, J. Hawkes, V. Highett, S. Kaprowska, A.L. Key, S. Koprowska, N. Lewis-Burke, G. Madzamba, F. Malein, S. Marsh, C. Mears, L. Melling, M.J. Noonan, L. Poll, J. Pratt, E. Richardson, A. Rowe, K.A. Tripp, B. Vinson, L.O. Wajero, S.A. Williams-Howard, J. Wyles, S.N. Diwanji, P. Papineni, S. Gurram, S. Quaid, G.F. Tiongson, E. Watson, B. Al-Sheklly, C. Avram, P. Barran, J. Blaikely, N. Choudhury, D. Faluyi, T. Felton, T. Gorsuch, Z. Kausar, N. Odell, R. Osbourne, K. Radhakrishnan, S. Stockdale, D. Trivedi, A. Ayoub, G. Burns, G. Davies, H. Fisher, C. Francis, A. Greenhalgh, P. Hogarth, J. Hughes, K. Jiwa, G. Jones, G. MacGowan, D. Price, H. Tedd, S. Thomas, S. West, S. Wright, A. Young, M.J. McMahon, P. Neill, D. Anderson, H. Bayes, D. Grieve, I.B. McInnes, A. Brown, A. Dougherty, K. Fallon, L. Gilmour, K. Mangion, A. Morrow, K. Scott, R. Sykes, R. Touyz, E.K. Sage, F. Barrett, A. Donaldson, M. Patel, D. Bell, R. Hamil, K. Leitch, L. Macliver, J. Quigley, A. Smith, B. Welsh, G. Choudhury, S. Clohisey, A. Deans, J. Furniss, S. Kelly, D.E. Newby, D. Connell, A. Elliott, C. Deas, S. Mohammed, J. Rowland, A.R. Solstice, D. Sutherland, C.J. Tee, D. Arnold, S. Barrett, H. Adamali, A. Dipper, S. Dunn, A. Morley, L. Morrison, L. Stadon, S. Waterson, H. Welch, B. Jayaraman, T. Light, P. Almeida, J. Bonnington, M. Chrystal, C. Dupont, A. Gupta, L. Howard, W. Jang, S. Linford, L. Matthews, R. Needham, A. Nikolaidis, S. Prosper, K. Shaw, A.K. Thomas, N.M. Rahman, M. Ainsworth, A. Alamoudi, A. Bates, A. Bloss, A. Burns, P. Carter, M. Cassar, K.M. Channon, J. Chen, F. Conneh, T. Dong, R.I. Evans, E. Fraser, X. Fu, M. Havinden-Williams, N. Kanellakis, P. Kurupati, X. Li, C. Megson, K. Motohashi, D. Nicoll, G. Ogg, E. Pacpaco, M. Pavlides, Y. Peng, N. Petousi, J. Propescu, N. Rahman, N. Talbot, E. Tunnicliffe, B. Patel, R.E. Barker, D. Cristiano, N. Dormand, M. Gummadi, S. Kon, K. Liyanage, C.M. Nolan, S. Patel, O. Polgar, P. Shah, J.A. Walsh, H. Jarvis, S. Mandal, S. Ahmad, S. Brill, L. Lim, D. Matila, O. Olaosebikan, C. Singh, L. Garner, C. Johnson, J. Mackie, A. Michael, J. Pack, K. Paques, H. Parfrey, J. Parmar, N. Diar Bakerly, P. Dark, D. Evans, E. Hardy, A. Harvey, D. Holgate, S. Knight, N. Mairs, N. Majeed, L. McMorrow, J. Oxton, J. Pendlebury, C. Summersgill, R. Ugwuoke, S. Whittaker, W. Matimba-Mupaya, S. Strong-Sheldrake, J. Bagshaw, M. Begum, K. Birchall, R. Butcher, H. Carborn, F. Chan, K. Chapman, Y. Cheng, L. Chetham, C. Clark, Z. Coburn, J. Cole, M. Dixon, A. Fairman, J. Finnigan, H. Foot, D. Foote, A. Ford, R. Gregory, K. Harrington, L. Haslam, L. Hesselden, J. Hockridge, A. Holbourn, B. Holroyd-Hind, L. Holt, A. Howell, E. Hurditch, F. Ilyas, C. Jarman, E. Lee, J.-H. Lee, R. Lenagh, A. Lye, I. Macharia, M. Marshall, A. Mbuyisa, J. McNeill, S. Megson, J. Meiring, L. Milner, S. Misra, H. Newell, T. Newman, C. Norman, L. Nwafor, D. Pattenadk, M. Plowright, P. Ravencroft, C. Roddis, J. Rodger, P. Saunders, J. Sidebottom, J. Smith, L. Smith, N. Steele, G. Stephens, R. Stimpson, B. Thamu, N. Tinker, K. Turner, H. Turton, P. Wade, J. Watson, I. Wilson, A. Zawia, M. Ali, A. Dunleavy, N. Msimanga, M. Mencias, T. Samakomva, S. Siddique, J. Teixeira, V. Tavoukjian, J. Hutchinson, L. Allsop, K. Bennett, P. Buckley, M. Flynn, M. Gill, C. Goodwin, M. Greatorex, H. Gregory, C. Heeley, L. Holloway, M. Holmes, J. Kirk, W. Lovegrove, T.A. Sewell, S. Shelton, D. Sissons, K. Slack, S. Smith, D. Sowter, S. Turner, V. Whitworth, I. Wynter, L. Warburton, S. Painter, J. Tomlinson, C. Vickers, T. Wainwright, D. Redwood, J. Tilley, S. Palmer, G.A. Davies, L. Connor, A. Cook, T. Rees, F. Thaivalappil, C. Thomas, A. Butt, M. Coulding, S. Kilroy, J. McCormick, J. McIntosh, H. Savill, V. Turner, J. Vere, E. Fraile, J. Ugoji, S.S. Kon, H. Lota, G. Landers, M. Nasseri, S. Portukhay, A. Hormis, A. Daniels, J. Ingham, L. Zeidan, M. Chablani, L. Osborne, N. Ahwireng, B. Bang, D. Basire, A. Checkley, R. Evans, M. Heightman, T. Hillman, S. Janes, R. Jastrub, M. Lipman, S. Logan, M. Merida Morillas, H. Plant, J.C. Porter, K. Roy, E. Wall, B. Williams, N. Ahmad Haider, C. Atkin, R. Baggott, M. Bates, A. Botkai, A. Casey, B. Cooper, J. Dasgin, K. Draxlbauer, N. Gautam, J. Hazeldine, T. Hiwot, S. Holden, K. Isaacs, V. Kamwa, D. Lewis, S. Madathil, C. McGhee, K. Mcgee, A. Neal, A. Newton Cox, J. Nyaboko, Z. Peterkin, H. Qureshi, L. Ratcliffe, J. Short, T. Soulsby, J. Stockley, Z. Suleiman, T. Thompson, M. Ventura, S. Walder, C. Welch, S. Yasmin, K.P. Yip, P. Beckett, C. Dickens, U. Nanda, M. Aljaroof, H. Arnold, H. Aung, M. Bakali, M. Bakau, M. Bingham, M. Bourne, C. Bourne, P. Cairns, L. Carr, A. Charalambou, C. Christie, S. Diver, S. Edwards, H. Evans, J. Finch, S. Glover, N. Goodman, B. Gootpu, K. Hadley, P. Haldar, W. Ibrahim, L. Ingram, A. Lea, D. Lee, P. McCourt, T. Mcnally, A. Moss, W. Monteiro, M. Pareek, S. Parker, A. Rowland, A. Prickett, I.N. Qureshi, R. Russell, N. Samani, M. Sharma, J. Skeemer, M. Soares, E. Stringer, T. Thornton, M. Tobin, E. Turner, T.J.C. Ward, F. Woodhead, J. Wormleighton, A. Yousuf, C. Childs, S. Fletcher, M. Harvey, E. Marouzet, B. Marshall, R. Samuel, T. Sass, T. Wallis, H. Wheeler, R. Dharmagunawardena, E. Bright, P. Crisp, M. Stern, A. Wight, L. Bailey, A. Reddington, A. Ashish, J. Cooper, E. Robinson, A. Broadley, K. Howard, L. Barman, C. Brookes, K. Elliott, L. Griffiths, Z. Guy, D. Ionita, H. Redfearn, C. Sarginson, A. Turnbull, K. Holmes, and K. Lewis
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Diabetes ,Covid-19 ,Long Covid ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Summary: Background: People with diabetes are at increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term outcomes for people with diabetes previously hospitalised with COVID-19 are, however, unknown. This study aimed to determine the longer-term physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 in people with and without diabetes. Methods: The PHOSP-COVID study is a multicentre, long-term follow-up study of adults discharged from hospital between 1 February 2020 and 31 March 2021 in the UK following COVID-19, involving detailed assessment at 5 and 12 months after discharge. The association between diabetes status and outcomes were explored using multivariable linear and logistic regressions. Findings: People with diabetes who survived hospital admission with COVID-19 display worse physical outcomes compared to those without diabetes at 5- and 12-month follow-up. People with diabetes displayed higher fatigue (only at 5 months), frailty, lower physical performance, and health-related quality of life and poorer cognitive function. Differences in outcomes between diabetes status groups were largely consistent from 5 to 12-months. In regression models, differences at 5 and 12 months were attenuated after adjustment for BMI and presence of other long-term conditions. Interpretation: People with diabetes reported worse physical outcomes up to 12 months after hospital discharge with COVID-19 compared to those without diabetes. These data support the need to reduce inequalities in long-term physical and mental health effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with diabetes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research. The study was approved by the Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (20/YH/0225) and is registered on the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN10980107).
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- 2025
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3. Long-term impact of COVID-19 hospitalisation among individuals with pre-existing airway diseases in the UK: a multicentre, longitudinal cohort study – PHOSP-COVID
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Omer Elneima, John R. Hurst, Carlos Echevarria, Jennifer K. Quint, Samantha Walker, Salman Siddiqui, Petr Novotny, Paul E. Pfeffer, Jeremy S. Brown, Manu Shankar-Hari, Hamish J.C. McAuley, Olivia C. Leavy, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Matthew Richardson, Ruth M. Saunders, Victoria C. Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J. Greening, Ewen M. Harrison, Annemarie B. Docherty, Nazir I. Lone, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Betty Raman, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Aziz Sheikh, Chris E. Brightling, Anthony De Soyza, Liam G. Heaney, J.K. Baillie, N.I. Lone, E. Pairo-Castineira, N. Avramidis, K. Rawlik, S Jones, L. Armstrong, B. Hairsine, H. Henson, C. Kurasz, A. Shaw, L. Shenton, H. Dobson, A. Dell, S. Fairbairn, N. Hawkings, J. Haworth, M. Hoare, V. Lewis, A. Lucey, G. Mallison, H. Nassa, C. Pennington, A. Price, C. Price, A. Storrie, G. Willis, S. Young, K. Poinasamy, S. Walker, I. Jarrold, A. Sanderson, K. Chong-James, C. David, W.Y. James, P. Pfeffer, O. Zongo, A. Martineau, C. Manisty, C. Armour, V. Brown, J. Busby, B. Connolly, T. Craig, S. Drain, L.G. Heaney, B. King, N. Magee, E. Major, D. McAulay, L. McGarvey, J. McGinness, T. Peto, R. Stone, A. Bolger, F. Davies, A. Haggar, J. Lewis, A. Lloyd, R. Manley, E. McIvor, D. Menzies, K. Roberts, W. Saxon, D. Southern, C. Subbe, V. Whitehead, A. Bularga, N.L. Mills, J. Dawson, H. El-Taweel, L. Robinson, L. Brear, K. Regan, D. Saralaya, K. Storton, S. Amoils, A. Bermperi, I. Cruz, K. Dempsey, A. Elmer, J. Fuld, H. Jones, S. Jose, S. Marciniak, M. Parkes, C. Ribeiro, J. Taylor, M. Toshner, L. Watson, J. Worsley, L. Broad, T. Evans, M. Haynes, L. Jones, L. Knibbs, A. McQueen, C. Oliver, K. Paradowski, R. Sabit, J. Williams, I. Jones, L. Milligan, E. Harris, C. Sampson, E. Davies, C. Evenden, A. Hancock, K. Hancock, C. Lynch, M. Rees, L. Roche, N. Stroud, T. Thomas-Woods, S. Heller, T. Chalder, K. Shah, E. Robertson, B. Young, M. Babores, M. Holland, N. Keenan, S. Shashaa, H. Wassall, L. Austin, E. Beranova, T. Cosier, J. Deery, T. Hazelton, H. Ramos, R. Solly, S. Turney, H. Weston, M. Ralser, L. Pearce, S. Pugmire, W. Stoker, A. Wilson, W. McCormick, E. Fraile, J. Ugoji, L. Aguilar Jimenez, G. Arbane, S. Betts, K. Bisnauthsing, A. Dewar, N. Hart, G. Kaltsakas, H. Kerslake, M.M. Magtoto, P. Marino, L.M. Martinez, M. Ostermann, J. Rossdale, T.S. Solano, M. Alvarez Corral, A. Arias, E. Bevan, D. Griffin, J. Martin, J. Owen, S. Payne, A. Prabhu, A. Reed, W. Storrar, N. Williams, C. Wrey Brown, T. Burdett, J. Featherstone, C. Lawson, A. Layton, C. Mills, L. Stephenson, Y. Ellis, P. Atkin, K. Brindle, M.G. Crooks, K. Drury, N. Easom, R. Flockton, L. Holdsworth, A. Richards, D.L. Sykes, S. Thackray-Nocera, C. Wright, S. Coetzee, K. Davies, R. Hughes, R. Loosley, H. McGuinness, A. Mohamed, L. O'Brien, Z. Omar, E. Perkins, J. Phipps, G. Ross, A. Taylor, H. Tench, R. Wolf-Roberts, L. Burden, E. Calvelo, B. Card, C. Carr, E.R. 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Nolan, B. Patel, S. Patel, O. Polgar, P. Shah, S. Singh, J.A. Walsh, M. Gibbons, S. Ahmad, S. Brill, J. Hurst, H. Jarvis, L. Lim, S. Mandal, D. Matila, O. Olaosebikan, C. Singh, C. Laing, H. Baxendale, L. Garner, C. Johnson, J. Mackie, A. Michael, J. Newman, J. Pack, K. Paques, H. Parfrey, J. Parmar, A. Reddy, M. Halling-Brown, P. Dark, N. Diar-Bakerly, D. Evans, E. Hardy, A. Harvey, D. Holgate, S. Knight, N. Mairs, N. Majeed, L. McMorrow, J. Oxton, J. Pendlebury, C. Summersgill, R. Ugwuoke, S. Whittaker, W. Matimba-Mupaya, S. Strong-Sheldrake, P. Chowienczyk, J. Bagshaw, M. Begum, K. Birchall, R. Butcher, H. Carborn, F. Chan, K. Chapman, Y. Cheng, L. Chetham, C. Clark, Z. Coburn, J. Cole, M. Dixon, A. Fairman, J. Finnigan, H. Foot, D. Foote, A. Ford, R. Gregory, K. Harrington, L. Haslam, L. Hesselden, J. Hockridge, A. Holbourn, B. Holroyd-Hind, L. Holt, A. Howell, E. Hurditch, F. Ilyas, C. Jarman, A. Lawrie, J-H. Lee, E. Lee, R. Lenagh, A. Lye, I. Macharia, M. Marshall, A. 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Spencer, B. Vinson, M. Ashworth, K. Abel, H. Chinoy, B. Deakin, M. Harvie, C.A. Miller, S. Stanel, P. Barran, D. Trivedi, H. McAllister-Williams, S. Paddick, A. Rostron, J.P. Taylor, D. Baguley, C. Coleman, E. Cox, L. Fabbri, S. Francis, I. Hall, E. Hufton, S. Johnson, F. Khan, P. Kitterick, R. Morriss, N. Selby, L. Wright, C. Antoniades, A. Bates, M. Beggs, K. Bhui, K. Breeze, K.M. Channon, D. Clark, X. Fu, M. Husain, X. Li, E. Lukaschuk, C. McCracken, K. McGlynn, R. Menke, K. Motohashi, T.E. Nichols, G. Ogbole, S. Piechnik, I. Propescu, J. Propescu, A.A. Samat, Z.B. Sanders, L. Sigfrid, M. Webster, L. Kingham, P. Klenerman, H. Lamlum, G. Carson, M. Taquet, L. Finnigan, L.C. Saunders, J.M. Wild, P.C. Calder, N. Huneke, G. Simons, D. Baldwin, S. Bain, L. Daines, E. Bright, P. Crisp, R. Dharmagunawardena, M. Stern, L. Bailey, A. Reddington, A. Wight, A. Ashish, J. Cooper, E. Robinson, A. Broadley, L. Barman, C. Brookes, K. Elliott, L. Griffiths, Z. Guy, K. Howard, D. Ionita, H. Redfearn, C. Sarginson, and A. Turnbull
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Medicine - Abstract
Background The long-term outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalisation in individuals with pre-existing airway diseases are unknown. Methods Adult participants hospitalised for confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19 and discharged between 5 March 2020 and 31 March 2021 were recruited to the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 (PHOSP-COVID) study. Participants attended research visits at 5 months and 1 year post discharge. Clinical characteristics, perceived recovery, burden of symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals with pre-existing airway disease (i.e., asthma, COPD or bronchiectasis) were compared to the non-airways group. Results A total of 615 out of 2697 (22.8%) participants had a history of pre-existing airway diseases (72.0% diagnosed with asthma, 22.9% COPD and 5.1% bronchiectasis). At 1 year, the airways group participants were less likely to feel fully recovered (20.4% versus 33.2%, p
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- 2024
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4. Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study
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Amitava Banerjee, Jennifer Kathleen Quint, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, S Thomas, Kamlesh Khunti, Naveed Sattar, J Breeze, Michael Marks, S Johnson, D Smith, C Wright, Colin Berry, Matthew Richardson, Ling-Pei Ho, C Tong, Amisha Singapuri, J Chen, Gerry P McCann, J Cole, X Li, J Greenwood, S Plein, A Brown, J Smith, J Brown, M Brown, J Lewis, A Young, Nicholas L Mills, A Banerjee, R Hughes, C King, L Osborne, S Jones, A Wilson, R Francis, Stefan Neubauer, D Wilkinson, P Marino, N Hart, G Kaltsakas, Alastair James Moss, Betty Raman, John Greenwood, F Khan, J Martin, S Smith, A Casey, A Sheikh, P Carter, T Thompson, B Patel, N Rahman, C Coleman, N Smith, B Williams, K Turner, D Lee, S Barratt, J Williams, L Jones, A Smith, A Gupta, R Reddy, S White, N Williams, A Michael, V Turner, H Evans, L Hall, C Lawson, J Hughes, H Gordon, C Dawson, A Ford, J Simpson, C Bloomfield, E Lee, A Taylor, D Anderson, J Clarke, S Turner, K Shaw, P Shah, S Misra, J Evans, H Jones, M Ali, A Arias, C Dupont, A 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McMahon, A Howell, J Kwan, A Rowland, A Ashworth, S Walsh, J Owen, I Jones, E McIvor, D Connell, R Thwaites, A McGovern, J Petrie, G Arbane, R Butcher, C Brookes, K Khunti, T Yates, P Chowienczyk, M Witham, M Stern, M Marshall, S Payne, L S Howard, J Woods, A Hormis, C Johnson, J Jacob, P McArdle, T Chalder, K Holmes, M Sharpe, D Stensel, T Peto, F Chan, H Ramos, C E Bolton, J-H Lee, P Mehta, M Ashworth, M Dalton, A Lloyd, L Austin, C Sampson, S Palmer, P Klenerman, K Howard, I Rudan, A McQueen, K Fallon, Catherine Bagot, M Webster, E Davies, S Jose, A McArdle, D Johnston, H Fisher, C Lynch, T Hardy, S Mohammed, V C Harris, B Elliott, G Coakley, J Stockley, S Barrett, E Guthrie, Y Peng, M Ventura, N Selby, A Briggs, G Stephens, E Richardson, K Bhui, J McIntosh, K Lewis, N French, H Qureshi, M Henderson, A Elliott, N I Lone, C Clark, K Ismail, C Summers, S Fletcher, J Rowland, M Hotopf, A Korszun, S Shashaa, H Gregory, P Daly, E Robertson, J S Brown, A Bates, P Saunders, B Marshall, A Cross, A Donaldson, B Zhao, H Lamlum, I Wilson, P Buckley, J Dawson, S Glover, C Christie, B Connolly, M Parkes, L Holloway, B King, F Speranza, M Haynes, T Rees, I Cruz, T McNally, G Ross, G Carson, M Dixon, H Arnold, P M George, K Harrington, M Rees, R Morriss, C Dickens, C Laing, E Hardy, L P Ho, P Chowdhury, M Roy, J Glossop, J Pratt, R A Evans, P Wade, Rachael Evans, S Defres, J Short, S Neubauer, R Batterham, E Wall, T Newman, G J Kemp, J R Geddes, E Russell, C Langenberg, N A Hanley, R Samuel, S Haq, D Trivedi, J Willoughby, E Stringer, S Marsh, K Bramham, L Lightstone, A Hancock, S Shelton, J P Greenwood, N Brunskill, K Munro, T Soulsby, U Nanda, A Ashish, K Liyanage, L Holt, E R Chilvers, D E Newby, L Ingram, A Bolger, J Tomlinson, C Ballard, A Humphries, V Brown, C Sharpe, D Forton, P Kar, R Gregory, D Redwood, R Steeds, K Mangion, A Chiribiri, L Ratcliffe, G P McCann, K M Channon, A M Shah, N L Mills, A Lawrie, A Greenhalgh, K O’Donnell, T Evans, K Drury, D Sutherland, A A R Thompson, J K Baillie, K Hancock, M Hoare, J Valabhji, V Shaw, K SLACK, N M Rahman, C J Jolley, S J SINGH, J D Chalmers, C E Brightling, L G Heaney, D F McAuley, D Peckham, R C Chambers, R G Jenkins, P J M Openshaw, P Neill, H Wheeler, A Moss, C Overton, D Altmann, Alex Horsley, J Blaikley, M Ostermann, L G Spencer, A Horsley, A Singapuri, B Hargadon, K E Lewis, I Jarrold, A Shikotra, S Terry, S S Kon, M Pareek, G Choudhury, W Monteiro, M Bourne, D Nicoll, A Morrow, L Roche, D G Wootton, E K Sage, N J Greening, J Hazeldine, J M Lord, A Zawia, WDC Man, D C Thomas, H Baxendale, J Rodger, D Saralaya, T Hussell, A Lea, M McNarry, B Al-Sheklly, S Thackray-Nocera, T Thornton, J Skeemer, S Greenwood, E Fraser, L Stadon, N Kanellakis, N Magee, S Kon, A Hayday, A J Moss, A Yousuf, N Lewis-Burke, S Finney, T Hillman, H McShane, C Pennington, L Gardiner, R Dharmagunawardena, G MacGowan, L Fabbri, C Subbe, L Burden, P Jezzard, N Samani, C Manisty, P Novotny, D J Cuthbertson, G A Davies, M G Semple, J Murira, W Greenhalf, A Hoare, Louise V Wain, L V Wain, I Hall, G Willis, O Adeyemi, H McGuinness, F Thaivalappil, M Babores, B Michael, D Burn, B Zheng, M Husain, J Hawkes, N Goodman, L Broad, L Turtle, R Gill, J Haworth, J Cavanagh, S Piechnik, C A Miller, S Whittaker, C Ribeiro, R Touyz, P L Molyneaux, J C Porter, R Solly, A Dougherty, E Bullmore, A Sayer, C Kurasz, S Walmsley, D Southern, K Brindle, T Wallis, L O’Brien, S Madathil, A Wight, B Jayaraman, M Flynn, A Checkley, M Plowright, E Major, K Isaacs, M Pavlides, W Schwaeble, E M Harrison, A Ayoub, N Stroud, E Lukaschuk, D P O'Regan, E Wade, V M Ferreira, R I Evans, S Siddique, A Lingford-Hughes, C Nicolaou, B Deakin, H Dobson, A Layton, C Atkin, R Flockton, I Peralta, T Brugha, C Pariante, C Welch, A Frankel, M Tobin, S Fairbairn, A Rowe, A K Thomas, R Sykes, F Barrett, H Atkins, C Norman, L Milner, K Abel, P Crisp, C Nolan, J Mackie, Marco Sereno, Krisnah Poinasamy, S Gurram, G Saalmink, H Bayes, H Aung, P Pfeffer, H Nassa, W McCormick, Claire Alexandra Lawson, R J Allen, Omer Elneima, J Hockridge, B Raman, A Fairman, H Turton, N Majeed, J Bonnington, M Bakali, M Shankar-Hari, L Holdsworth, A Buttress, R Sabit, A Rostron, K Piper Hanley, Olivia C Leavy, Aarti Shikotra, D Wraith, J P Taylor, A Alamoudi, O Elneima, E Denneny, L Saunders, J Earley, M Ralser, O Kon, D Basire, G Simons, Hamish JC McAuley, Ruth Saunders, K Poinasamy, R Dowling, C Edwardson, L Houchen--Wolloff, O C Leavy, H J C McAuley, T Plekhanova, R M Saunders, M Sereno, Y Ellis, H E Hardwick, W Reynolds, B Venson, A B Docherty, D Lozano-Rojas, K Ntotsis, R Pius, M Halling-Brown, S Aslani, M Beggs, M P Cassar, C McCracken, R Menke, T E Nichols, C Nikolaidou, G Ogbole, B Rangelov, D P O’Regan, A Pakzad, I Propescu, A A Samat, Z B Sanders, T Treibel, E M Tunnicliffe, J Weir McCall, I Koychev, J Pearl, D Adeloye, D Baguley, G Breen, K Breeze, F Callard, N Huneke, P Kitterick, P Mansoori, H McAllister-Williams, K McIvor, L Milligan, E Mukaetova-Ladinska, A Nevado-Holgado, S Paddick, J Pimm, S Amoils, A Bularga, A N Sattar, C L Sudlow, C M Efstathiou, J L Heeney, S L Rowland-Jones, R S Thwaites, M J Rowland, E Hufton, J E Pearl, L C Saunders, S Bain, Man W D-C, E Baldry, M Beadsworth, M Harvie, J Sargent Pimm, L Sigfrid, J Whitney, S McAdoo, K McCafferty, M Willicombe, J Bunker, C Hastie, R Nathu, L Shenton, A Dell, N Hawkings, G Mallison, A Storrie, K Chong-James, W Y James, O Zongo, A Sanderson, S Drain, D McAulay, J McGinness, R Manley, W Saxon, V Whitehead, H El-Taweel, L Brear, K Regan, K Storton, A Bermperi, K Dempsey, A Elmer, J Worsley, L Knibbs, K Paradowski, C Evenden, T Thomas-Woods, J Bradley-Potts, N Keenan, H Wassall, H Weston, T Cosier, J Deery, T Hazelton, S Turney, S Pugmire, W Stoker, LA Aguilar Jimenez, S Betts, K Bisnauthsing, H Kerslake, MM Magtoto, LM Martinez, TS Solano, E Wynn, M Alvarez Corral, E Bevan, C Wrey Brown, T Burdett, N Easom, M G Crooks, D L Sykes, S Coetzee, J Phipps, R Wolf-Roberts, S Anifowose, E Calvelo, D Copeland, L Evison, T Fayzan, K March, M Mariveles, L McLeavey, S Moriera, U Munawar, J Nunag, U Nwanguma, L Orriss- Dib, J Schronce, L Tarusan, N Yasmin, A-M Guerdette, K Warwick, R Adrego, H Assefa-Kebede, P Dulawan, A Knighton, M Malim, S Patale, K Shevket, A Te, C Favager, J Rangeley, B Whittam, N Window, L Allerton, AM All, A Berridge, S L Dobson, K Hainey, V Highett, S Kaprowska, AL Key, S Koprowska, G Madzamba, F Malein, C Mears, L Melling, M J Noonan, L Poll, K A Tripp, B Vinson, L O Wajero, S A Williams-Howard, J Wyles, S N Diwanji, P Papineni, S Quaid, G F Tiongson, P Barran, J Blaikely, N Choudhury, Z Kausar, N Odell, R Osbourne, S Stockdale, P Hogarth, L Gilmour, R Hamil, K Leitch, L Macliver, B Welsh, S Clohisey, A Deans, J Furniss, C Deas, A R Solstice, C J Tee, S Waterson, T Light, M Chrystal, W Jang, S Linford, R Needham, A Nikolaidis, S Prosper, A Bloss, M Cassar, F Conneh, M Havinden-Williams, P Kurupati, C Megson, K Motohashi, G Ogg, E Pacpaco, J Propescu, E Tunnicliffe, D Cristiano, N Dormand, M Gummadi, D Matila, O Olaosebikan, L Garner, J Pack, K Paques, NDiar Bakerly, D Holgate, N Mairs, L McMorrow, J Oxton, J Pendlebury, C Summersgill, R Ugwuoke, W Matimba-Mupaya, S Strong-Sheldrake, J Bagshaw, K Birchall, H Carborn, L Chetham, Z Coburn, J Finnigan, H Foot, D Foote, L Haslam, L Hesselden, A Holbourn, B Holroyd- Hind, E Hurditch, F Ilyas, C Jarman, R Lenagh, A Lye, I Macharia, A Mbuyisa, S Megson, J Meiring, H Newell, L Nwafor, D Pattenadk, P Ravencroft, C Roddis, J Sidebottom, N Steele, R Stimpson, B Thamu, N Tinker, N Msimanga, M Mencias, T Samakomva, V Tavoukjian, C Goodwin, M Greatorex, W Lovegrove, TA Sewell, D Sissons, D Sowter, V Whitworth, L Warburton, T Wainwright, J Tilley, L Connor, M Coulding, S Kilroy, H Savill, J Vere, E Fraile, J Ugoji, H Lota, G Landers, M Nasseri, S Portukhay, J Ingham, M Chablani, N Ahwireng, B Bang, R Jastrub, M Merida Morillas, H Plant, N Ahmad Haider, R Baggott, A Botkai, J Dasgin, K Draxlbauer, T Hiwot, V Kamwa, K Mcgee, A Neal, A Newton Cox, J Nyaboko, Z Peterkin, Z Suleiman, S Walder, S Yasmin, K P Yip, M Aljaroof, M Bakau, M Bingham, A Charalambou, B Gootpu, K Hadley, P McCourt, A Prickett, I N Qureshi, T J C Ward, E Marouzet, T Sass, E Bright, A Reddington, L Barman, Z Guy, and D Ionita
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known.Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors.Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health.Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86).Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.Trail registration number ISRCTN10980107.
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- 2024
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5. Bioprinting of Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Nerve Tissue Regeneration
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Eliza Marie Steele, Zacheus L. Carr, and Emily Dosmar
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bioprinting ,3D printing ,tissue engineering ,nerve tissue engineering ,scaffolds ,drug delivery ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Globally, thousands of people are affected by severe nerve injuries or neurodegenerative disorders. These conditions cannot always be cured because nerve tissue either does not regenerate or does so at a slow rate. Therefore, tissue engineering has emerged as a potential treatment approach. This review discusses 3D bioprinting for scaffold manufacturing, highlights the advantages and disadvantages of common bioprinting techniques, describes important considerations for bioinks, biomaterial inks, and scaffolds, and discusses some drug delivery systems. The primary goal of this review is to bring attention to recent advances in nerve tissue engineering and its possible clinical applications in peripheral nerve, spinal cord, and cerebral nerve regeneration. Only studies that use 3D bioprinting or 3D printing to manufacture hydrogel scaffolds and incorporate the sustained release of a drug or growth factor for nerve regeneration are included. This review indicates that 3D printing is a fast and precise scaffold manufacturing technique but requires printing materials with specific properties to be effective in nervous tissue applications. The results indicate that the sustained release of certain drugs and growth factors from scaffolds can significantly improve post-printing cell viability, cell proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation, as well as functional recovery compared with scaffolds alone. However, more in vivo research needs to be conducted before this approach can be used in clinical applications.
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- 2024
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6. Implementation and evaluation of a store-and-forward teledermatology workflow in a United States safety-net hospital urgent care emergency center: A retrospective cohort studyCapsule Summary
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Christian L. Carr, MD, Aya Alame, MD, Benjamin F. Chong, MD, Melissa Mauskar, MD, Jeffery Metzger, MD, Catherine Neal, MD, Joan S. Reisch, PhD, and Arturo R. Dominguez, MD
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health care utilization ,teledermatology ,urgent care ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Background: Teledermatology (TD) is an important method for increasing access to care in outpatient settings. However, less is known regarding its use in emergency/urgent care centers. Objective: To evaluate the effect of TD on urgent care emergency center (UCEC) dwell time and postencounter utilization. Study type and methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients in a safety-net hospital (Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas, USA) UCEC, who (1) received a TD consult in 2018, (2) were referred to dermatology clinic in 2017, or (3) were referred to dermatology clinic in 2018 without a TD consult. Results: We evaluated 2024 patients from 2017 to 2018. Of the 973 referred to dermatology clinic in 2018, 332 (34%) received TD consultations. Mean dwell time for patients receiving TD was longer versus the 2017 cohort (303 vs 204 minutes, respectively). Patients receiving TD consultation with inflammatory skin conditions had lower odds of dermatology clinic visits compared with those that did not (odds ratio, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.8). Teledermatology was not associated with differences in repeat UCEC utilization. Limitations: Single institution study and inability to account for differences in patient complexity. Conclusion: TD increases dwell time in a safety-net hospital’s UCEC but can reduce dermatology clinic utilization for patients with inflammatory skin conditions.
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- 2023
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7. Acute worsening of gastric outlet obstruction following EUS-guided gastrojejunal bypass
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Patrick T. Magahis, BA, Donevan Westerveld, MD, Sanjay Salgado, MD, David L. Carr-Locke, MD, Kartik Sampath, MD, Reem Z. Sharaiha, MD, MSc, and SriHari Mahadev, MD
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Published
- 2023
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8. The ten steps for acting on health inequalities
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Michael P. Kelly and Alistair L. Carr
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Policy ,Health inequalities ,Syndemic ,Cause ,Multimorbidity ,NICE ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2023
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9. Statistical and hydrodynamic numerical modeling to quantify storm surge hazard: Comparison of approaches applied to U.S. North Atlantic coast
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Yasser Hamdi, Norberto C. Nadal-Caraballo, Joseph Kanney, Meredith L. Carr, and Vincent Rebour
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Tropical cyclones ,Extratropical storms ,Storm surge ,Frequency analysis ,Probabilistic coastal hazards analysis ,Multivariate flood hazard analysis ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Estimating the storm surge magnitude and annual exceedance probability is a key element in the siting and design of coastal nuclear power plants in both the U.S. and France. However, differences in storm climatology, specifically the relative importance of tropical cyclones (TCs) versus extratropical storms (XTCs), have driven differences in estimation method development. This work compares purely statistical modeling with combined statistical and numerical simulation modeling approaches for extreme storm surge applied to the U.S. North Atlantic coast which is subject to both tropical and extratropical storms. Two frequency analysis methods are applied to observed water levels and compared to a copula-based joint probability analysis of TCs and automated frequency analysis of XTCs that is enriched with numerically simulated storms. One frequency analysis method is applied using (1) hourly at-site data and (2) hourly at-site data enriched with additional data from a homogeneous region. The other frequency analysis method is applied using (1) hourly at-site data and (2) hourly at-site data enriched with monthly water level maxima. Variables of interest used in the comparison are skew storm surge, maximum instantaneous storm surge, non-tidal residual and maximum seal level. The performance of the methods (mean surge and water level estimates and confidence intervals) depend on the variable of interest and, to some extent, on return period. Inclusion of additional information (e.g., regional water levels, and monthly maxima) in the frequency analysis methods does not have a large impact on estimated mean surge and water levels, but significantly reduces resulting confidence intervals (over 40% reduction in some cases). However, the confidence intervals still grow with increasing return period. Inclusion of simulated storms in the joint probability analysis results in significantly different mean surge and water level estimates (up to 25% higher than the frequency analysis in some cases). The joint probability analysis confidence intervals are wider than those for the frequency analysis methods lower return periods (e.g., 60%–80% wider at 100 years), but they grow much more slowly and are significantly narrower for higher return periods (e.g., 40%–60% narrower at 1 000 years). Although there are appreciable differences between the results documented in this paper, these are reasonable due to differences in the data and methods used in this comparison.
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- 2023
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10. An exploration of facilitators and barriers to patient navigator core functions with breast cancer patients: Implications for the development of a human-centered mHealth app
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Alaina L. Carr, Naomi Vinod, Patrick Farha, Tan Lu, Maen J. Farha, and Kristi D. Graves
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Breast neoplasms ,Humans ,Mobile applications ,Needs assessment ,Patient navigation ,Smartphone ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Objectives: To understand the barriers to core functions and workflow among patient navigators (PN) who navigate people diagnosed with breast cancer (BC). To identify how a mobile health (mHealth) app could assist PNs in providing care to BC patients. Methods: This qualitative research study used purposive sampling to recruit stakeholders (N = 33) from January to August 2021. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with PNs (n = 11), oncology care providers (n = 12), and BC patients (n = 10). We used conventional content analysis to analyze the interview data. Results: Participants identified the following sociotechnical systems barriers in PN workflows that negatively impact BC patient care: 1) resources, 2) insurance coverage, 3) communication challenges, and 4) impact of logistical tasks. Participants identified the user experience, app features, and interoperability customizations to enhance PNs' provision of patient care as important design elements to include in a mHealth app. Conclusion: Feedback from stakeholders provided valuable insights into key design considerations, functions, and content areas for developing a mHealth app for PN use in BC care delivery. Innovation: This is one of the first studies to incorporate the human-centered design and sociotechnical systems frameworks to understand barriers to PN workflow and provision of BC patient care across the cancer care continuum.
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- 2023
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11. Preferred techniques for endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy: a survey of expert endosonographers
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Patrick T. Magahis, Sanjay Salgado, Donevan Westerveld, Enad Dawod, David L. Carr-Locke, Kartik Sampath, Reem Z. Sharaiha, and Srihari Mahadev
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Intervention EUS ,Endoscopic ultrasonography ,Gastric cancer ,Dilation, injection, stenting ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Published
- 2023
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12. Impacts of breast cancer and chemotherapy on gut microbiome, cognitive functioning, and mood relative to healthy controls
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Emily Bilenduke, John D. Sterrett, Krista W. Ranby, Virginia F. Borges, Jim Grigsby, Alaina L. Carr, Kristin Kilbourn, and Christopher A. Lowry
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Women diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy experience cognitive impairment, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and physical side effects including disruption in the diversity and community composition of the gut microbiome. To date, there is limited research exploring the associations among these specific challenges. The present cross-sectional study explored the associations of self-reported cognitive functioning, depression, and anxiety symptoms, and gut microbiome diversity and community composition in women who were diagnosed with and undergoing chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer (BC) compared to cancer-free healthy controls (HC). The BC group displayed higher rates of cognitive dysfunction (p
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- 2022
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13. LASER TREATMENT FOR STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE – A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
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H Edell, D Perruzza, S Jarvi, K Kim, R Sultana, N Alavi, J Lawrence, A Kiss, K Boyd, J Bodley, L Carr, L Gagnon, S Herschorn, R Kung, and P Lee
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Published
- 2023
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14. A GEO-GEO Stereo Observation of Diurnal Cloud Variations over the Eastern Pacific
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Dong L. Wu, James L. Carr, Mariel D. Friberg, Tyler C. Summers, Jae N. Lee, and Ákos Horváth
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stereo height ,atmospheric motion vector ,height assignment ,clouds ,planetary boundary layer ,congestus ,Science - Abstract
Fast atmospheric processes such as deep convection and severe storms are challenging to observe and understand without adequate spatiotemporal sampling. Geostationary (GEO) imaging has the advantage of tracking these fast processes continuously at a cadence of the 10 min global and 1 min mesoscale from thermal infrared (TIR) channels. More importantly, the newly-available GEO-GEO stereo observations from our 3D-Wind algorithm provide more accurate height assignment for atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) than those from conventional TIR methods. Unlike the radiometric methods, the stereo height is insensitive to radiometric TIR calibration of satellite sensors and can assign the feature height correctly under complex situation (e.g., multi-layer clouds and atmospheric inversion). This paper shows a case study from continuous GEO-GEO stereo observations over the Eastern Pacific during 1–5 February 2023, to highlight diurnal variations of clouds and dynamics in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), altocumulus/congestus, convective outflow and tropical tropopause layer (TTL). Because of their good vertical resolution, the stereo observations often show a wind shear in these cloud layers. As an example, the stereo winds reveal the classic Ekman spiral in marine PBL dynamics with a clockwise (counterclockwise) wind direction change with height in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere subtropics. Over the Southeastern Pacific, the stereo cloud observations show a clear diurnal variation in the closed-to-open cell transition in the PBL and evidence of precipitation at a lower level from broken stratocumulus clouds.
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- 2024
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15. EUS-guided liver biopsy using a novel hydrostatic stylet technique
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Patrick T. Magahis, BA, Donevan Westerveld, MD, Malorie Simons, MD, Erika Hissong, MD, David L. Carr-Locke, MD, Kartik Sampath, MD, Reem Z. Sharaiha, MD, MSc, and SriHari Mahadev, MD, MS
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Published
- 2023
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16. Guided imagery for treatment (GIFT): protocol of a pilot trial of guided imagery versus treatment as usual to address radiotherapy-related distress in head and neck cancer
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Elissa Kolva, Sana D. Karam, Alaina L. Carr, Sydneyjane Roberts, Kathleen Torkko, Ryan Lanning, and Emily Cox-Martin
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Guided imagery ,RCT ,Cancer ,Oncology ,Head and neck cancer ,Radiotherapy (RT) ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cancers of the head and neck region are associated with high symptom burden and elevated levels of psychological distress. Radiotherapy (RT) is a common treatment for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) that is associated with psychological distress related to the immobilizing nature of the treatment, frequency of treatment delivery, and side effects. Guided imagery is a relaxation technique that is beneficial in reducing psychological distress in patients with other cancer diagnoses but has not been studied in this patient population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a brief guided imagery intervention (guided imagery for treatment, GIFT) to reduce RT-related anxiety and depression in patients with HNC relative to treatment as usual (TAU). Methods Patients with HNC planning to receive RT will be recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial evaluating a brief, two-session guided imagery intervention (GIFT) relative to TAU alone. Primary aims include acceptability and feasibility evaluated through quantitative and qualitative methods. Measures of anxiety and depression, symptom burden, health-related quality of life, and anxiolytic medication use will be collected at baseline, during treatment, and at 1-month follow-up. Discussion There are no published interventions of guided imagery for anxiety and depression in patients with HNC despite its efficacy in other populations of patients with cancer. This proposed project evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention that has the potential to reduce psychological distress in a vulnerable population. Additionally, we will preliminarily examine the impact of behavioral intervention on psychological distress and the use of anxiolytic medication, a novel area of study. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03662698 ; registered on 9/6/2018.
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- 2022
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17. Measurement report: Plume heights of the April 2021 La Soufrière eruptions from GOES-17 side views and GOES-16–MODIS stereo views
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Á. Horváth, J. L. Carr, D. L. Wu, J. Bruckert, G. A. Hoshyaripour, and S. A. Buehler
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Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We estimated geometric plume heights for the daytime eruptions of La Soufrière in April 2021 using visible red band geostationary side views and geostationary–polar orbiter stereo views. Most of the plumes either spread near the tropopause at 16–17 km altitude or penetrated the stratosphere at 18–20 km altitude. Overshooting tops reached heights of up to 23 km. These geometric heights were compared with radiometric heights corresponding to the coldest plume temperature, which usually represent ambiguous estimates within a wide range between a tropospheric and a stratospheric height match. The tropospheric lower bound of the radiometric height range always underestimated the geometric height by a couple of kilometers, even for smaller plumes. For plumes near or above the tropopause, the midpoint or the stratospheric upper bound of the radiometric height range was in reasonable agreement with the geometric heights. The geometric overshooting top height, however, was always above the radiometric height range. We also found that geometric plume heights can be estimated from infrared band side views too, albeit with increased uncertainty compared to the visible red band. This opens up the possibility of applying the side view method to nighttime eruptions.
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- 2022
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18. Prevalence of physical frailty, including risk factors, up to 1 year after hospitalisation for COVID-19 in the UK: a multicentre, longitudinal cohort studyResearch in context
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Hamish J.C. McAuley, Rachael A. Evans, Charlotte E. Bolton, Christopher E. Brightling, James D. Chalmers, Annemarie B. Docherty, Omer Elneima, Paul L. Greenhaff, Ayushman Gupta, Victoria C. Harris, Ewen M. Harrison, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Caroline J. Jolley, Olivia C. Leavy, Nazir I. Lone, William D-C Man, Michael Marks, Dhruv Parekh, Krisnah Poinasamy, Jennifer K. Quint, Betty Raman, Matthew Richardson, Ruth M. Saunders, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Sally J. Singh, Michael Steiner, Ai Lyn Tan, Louise V. Wain, Carly Welch, Julie Whitney, Miles D. Witham, Janet Lord, Neil J. Greening, K. Abel, H. Adamali, D. Adeloye, O. Adeyemi, R. Adrego, L.A. Aguilar Jimenez, S. Ahmad, N. Ahmad Haider, R. Ahmed, N. Ahwireng, M. Ainsworth, B. Al-Sheklly, A. Alamoudi, M. Ali, M. Aljaroof, A.M. All, L. Allan, R.J. Allen, L. Allerton, L. Allsop, P. Almeida, D. Altmann, M. Alvarez Corral, S. Amoils, D. Anderson, C. Antoniades, G. Arbane, A. Arias, C. Armour, L. Armstrong, N. Armstrong, D. Arnold, H. Arnold, A. Ashish, A. Ashworth, M. Ashworth, S. Aslani, H. Assefa-Kebede, C. Atkin, P. Atkin, R. Aul, H. Aung, L. Austin, C. Avram, A. Ayoub, M. Babores, R. Baggott, J. Bagshaw, D. Baguley, L. Bailey, J.K. Baillie, S. Bain, M. Bakali, M. Bakau, E. Baldry, D. Baldwin, M. Baldwin, C. Ballard, A. Banerjee, B. Bang, R.E. Barker, L. Barman, S. Barratt, F. Barrett, D. Basire, N. Basu, M. Bates, A. Bates, R. Batterham, H. Baxendale, H. Bayes, M. Beadsworth, P. Beckett, M. Beggs, M. Begum, P. Beirne, D. Bell, R. Bell, K. Bennett, E. Beranova, A. Bermperi, A. Berridge, C. Berry, S. Betts, E. Bevan, K. Bhui, M. Bingham, K. Birchall, L. Bishop, K. Bisnauthsing, J. Blaikely, A. Bloss, A. Bolger, C.E. Bolton, J. Bonnington, A. Botkai, C. Bourne, M. Bourne, K. Bramham, L. Brear, G. Breen, J. Breeze, A. Briggs, E. Bright, C.E. Brightling, S. Brill, K. Brindle, L. Broad, A. Broadley, C. Brookes, M. Broome, A. Brown, J. Brown, J.S. Brown, M. Brown, V. Brown, T. Brugha, N. Brunskill, M. Buch, P. Buckley, A. Bularga, E. Bullmore, L. Burden, T. Burdett, D. Burn, G. Burns, A. Burns, J. Busby, R. Butcher, A. Butt, S. Byrne, P. Cairns, P.C. Calder, E. Calvelo, H. Carborn, B. Card, C. Carr, L. Carr, G. Carson, P. Carter, A. Casey, M. Cassar, J. Cavanagh, M. Chablani, T. Chalder, J.D. Chalmers, R.C. Chambers, F. Chan, K.M. Channon, K. Chapman, A. Charalambou, N. Chaudhuri, A. Checkley, J. Chen, Y. Cheng, L. Chetham, C. Childs, E.R. Chilvers, H. Chinoy, A. Chiribiri, K. Chong-James, G. Choudhury, N. Choudhury, P. Chowienczyk, C. Christie, M. Chrystal, D. Clark, C. Clark, J. Clarke, S. Clohisey, G. Coakley, Z. Coburn, S. Coetzee, J. Cole, C. Coleman, F. Conneh, D. Connell, B. Connolly, L. Connor, A. Cook, B. Cooper, J. Cooper, S. Cooper, D. Copeland, T. Cosier, M. Coulding, C. Coupland, E. Cox, T. Craig, P. Crisp, D. Cristiano, M.G. Crooks, A. Cross, I. Cruz, P. Cullinan, D. Cuthbertson, L. Daines, M. Dalton, P. Daly, A. Daniels, P. Dark, J. Dasgin, A. David, C. David, E. Davies, F. Davies, G. Davies, G.A. Davies, K. Davies, M.J. Davies, J. Dawson, E. Daynes, A. De Soyza, B. Deakin, A. Deans, C. Deas, J. Deery, S. Defres, A. Dell, K. Dempsey, E. Denneny, J. Dennis, A. Dewar, R. Dharmagunawardena, N. Diar-Bakerly, C. Dickens, A. Dipper, S. Diver, S.N. Diwanji, M. Dixon, R. Djukanovic, H. Dobson, S.L. Dobson, A.B. Docherty, A. Donaldson, T. Dong, N. Dormand, A. Dougherty, R. Dowling, S. Drain, K. Draxlbauer, K. Drury, H.J.C. Drury, P. Dulawan, A. Dunleavy, S. Dunn, C. Dupont, J. Earley, N. Easom, C. Echevarria, S. Edwards, C. Edwardson, H. El-Taweel, A. Elliott, K. Elliott, Y. Ellis, A. Elmer, O. Elneima, D. Evans, H. Evans, J. Evans, R. Evans, R.A. Evans, R.I. Evans, T. Evans, C. Evenden, L. Evison, L. Fabbri, S. Fairbairn, A. Fairman, K. Fallon, D. Faluyi, C. Favager, T. Fayzan, J. Featherstone, T. Felton, J. Finch, S. Finney, J. Finnigan, L. Finnigan, H. Fisher, S. Fletcher, R. Flockton, M. Flynn, H. Foot, D. Foote, A. Ford, D. Forton, E. Fraile, C. Francis, R. Francis, S. Francis, A. Frankel, E. Fraser, R. Free, N. French, X. Fu, J. Fuld, J. Furniss, L. Garner, N. Gautam, J.R. Geddes, J. George, P. George, M. Gibbons, M. Gill, L. Gilmour, F. Gleeson, J. Glossop, S. Glover, N. Goodman, C. Goodwin, B. Gooptu, H. Gordon, T. Gorsuch, M. Greatorex, P.L. Greenhaff, W. Greenhalf, A. Greenhalgh, N.J. Greening, J. Greenwood, H. Gregory, R. Gregory, D. Grieve, D. Griffin, L. Griffiths, A.-M. Guerdette, B. Guillen Guio, M. Gummadi, A. Gupta, S. Gurram, E. Guthrie, Z. Guy, H.H. Henson, K. Hadley, A. Haggar, K. Hainey, B. Hairsine, P. Haldar, I. Hall, L. Hall, M. Halling-Brown, R. Hamil, A. Hancock, K. Hancock, N.A. Hanley, S. Haq, H.E. Hardwick, E. Hardy, T. Hardy, B. Hargadon, K. Harrington, E. Harris, V.C. Harris, E.M. Harrison, P. Harrison, N. Hart, A. Harvey, M. Harvey, M. Harvie, L. Haslam, M. Havinden-Williams, J. Hawkes, N. Hawkings, J. Haworth, A. Hayday, M. Haynes, J. Hazeldine, T. Hazelton, L.G. Heaney, C. Heeley, J.L. Heeney, M. Heightman, S. Heller, M. Henderson, L. Hesselden, M. Hewitt, V. Highett, T. Hillman, T. Hiwot, L.P. Ho, A. Hoare, M. Hoare, J. Hockridge, P. Hogarth, A. Holbourn, S. Holden, L. Holdsworth, D. Holgate, M. Holland, L. Holloway, K. Holmes, M. Holmes, B. Holroyd-Hind, L. Holt, A. Hormis, A. Horsley, A. Hosseini, M. Hotopf, L. Houchen-Wolloff, K. Howard, L.S. Howard, A. Howell, E. Hufton, A.D. Hughes, J. Hughes, R. Hughes, A. Humphries, N. Huneke, E. Hurditch, J. Hurst, M. Husain, T. Hussell, J. Hutchinson, W. Ibrahim, F. Ilyas, J. Ingham, L. Ingram, D. Ionita, K. Isaacs, K. Ismail, T. Jackson, J. Jacob, W.Y. James, W. Jang, C. Jarman, I. Jarrold, H. Jarvis, R. Jastrub, B. Jayaraman, R.G. Jenkins, P. Jezzard, K. Jiwa, C. Johnson, S. Johnson, D. Johnston, C.J. Jolley, D. Jones, G. Jones, H. Jones, I. Jones, L. Jones, M.G. Jones, S. Jones, S. Jose, T. Kabir, G. Kaltsakas, V. Kamwa, N. Kanellakis, S. Kaprowska, Z. Kausar, N. Keenan, S. Kelly, G. Kemp, S. Kerr, H. Kerslake, A.L. Key, F. Khan, K. Khunti, S. Kilroy, B. King, C. King, L. Kingham, J. Kirk, P. Kitterick, P. Klenerman, L. Knibbs, S. Knight, A. Knighton, O. Kon, S. Kon, S.S. Kon, S. Koprowska, A. Korszun, I. Koychev, C. Kurasz, P. Kurupati, C. Laing, H. Lamlum, G. Landers, C. Langenberg, D. Lasserson, L. Lavelle-Langham, A. Lawrie, C. Lawson, A. Layton, A. Lea, O.C. Leavy, D. Lee, J.-H. Lee, E. Lee, K. Leitch, R. Lenagh, D. Lewis, J. Lewis, K.E. Lewis, V. Lewis, N. Lewis-Burke, X. Li, T. Light, L. Lightstone, W. Lilaonitkul, L. Lim, S. Linford, A. Lingford-Hughes, M. Lipman, K. Liyanage, A. Lloyd, S. Logan, D. Lomas, N.I. Lone, R. Loosley, J.M. Lord, H. Lota, W. Lovegrove, A. Lucey, E. Lukaschuk, A. Lye, C. Lynch, S. MacDonald, G. MacGowan, I. Macharia, J. Mackie, L. Macliver, S. Madathil, G. Madzamba, N. Magee, M.M. Magtoto, N. Mairs, N. Majeed, E. Major, F. Malein, M. Malim, G. Mallison, W. D-C Man, S. Mandal, K. Mangion, C. Manisty, R. Manley, K. March, S. Marciniak, P. Marino, M. Mariveles, M. Marks, E. Marouzet, S. Marsh, B. Marshall, M. Marshall, J. Martin, A. Martineau, L.M. Martinez, N. Maskell, D. Matila, W. Matimba-Mupaya, L. Matthews, A. Mbuyisa, S. McAdoo, H. McAllister-Williams, A. McArdle, P. McArdle, D. McAulay, G.P. McCann, J. McCormick, W. McCormick, P. McCourt, L. McGarvey, C. McGee, K. Mcgee, J. McGinness, K. McGlynn, A. McGovern, H. McGuinness, I.B. McInnes, J. McIntosh, E. McIvor, K. McIvor, L. McLeavey, A. McMahon, M.J. McMahon, L. McMorrow, T. Mcnally, M. McNarry, J. McNeill, A. McQueen, H. McShane, C. Mears, C. Megson, S. Megson, P. Mehta, J. Meiring, L. Melling, M. Mencias, D. Menzies, M. Merida Morillas, A. Michael, C. Miller, L. Milligan, C. Mills, G. Mills, N.L. Mills, L. Milner, S. Misra, J. Mitchell, A. Mohamed, N. Mohamed, S. Mohammed, P.L. Molyneaux, W. Monteiro, S. Moriera, A. Morley, L. Morrison, R. Morriss, A. Morrow, A.J. Moss, P. Moss, K. Motohashi, N. Msimanga, E. Mukaetova-Ladinska, U. Munawar, J. Murira, U. Nanda, H. Nassa, M. Nasseri, A. Neal, R. Needham, P. Neill, S. Neubauer, D.E. Newby, H. Newell, T. Newman, J. Newman, A. Newton-Cox, T. Nicholson, D. Nicoll, A. Nikolaidis, C.M. Nolan, M.J. Noonan, C. Norman, P. Novotny, J. Nunag, L. Nwafor, U. Nwanguma, J. Nyaboko, C. O'Brien, K. O'Donnell, D. O'Regan, L. O’Brien, N. Odell, G. Ogg, O. Olaosebikan, C. Oliver, Z. Omar, P.J.M. Openshaw, L. Orriss-Dib, L. Osborne, R. Osbourne, M. Ostermann, C. Overton, J. Owen, J. Oxton, J. Pack, E. Pacpaco, S. Paddick, S. Painter, A. Pakzad, S. Palmer, P. Papineni, K. Paques, K. Paradowski, M. Pareek, D. Parekh, H. Parfrey, C. Pariante, S. Parker, M. Parkes, J. Parmar, S. Patale, B. Patel, M. Patel, S. Patel, D. Pattenadk, M. Pavlides, S. Payne, L. Pearce, J.E. Pearl, D. Peckham, J. Pendlebury, Y. Peng, C. Pennington, I. Peralta, E. Perkins, Z. Peterkin, T. Peto, N. Petousi, J. Petrie, P. Pfeffer, J. Phipps, J. Pimm, K. Piper Hanley, R. Pius, H. Plant, S. Plein, T. Plekhanova, M. Plowright, K. Poinasamy, O. Polgar, L. Poll, J.C. Porter, J. Porter, S. Portukhay, N. Powell, A. Prabhu, J. Pratt, A. Price, C. Price, D. Price, L. Price, A. Prickett, J. Propescu, S. Prosper, S. Pugmire, S. Quaid, J. Quigley, J. Quint, H. Qureshi, I.N. Qureshi, K. Radhakrishnan, N.M. Rahman, M. Ralser, B. Raman, A. Ramos, H. Ramos, J. Rangeley, B. Rangelov, L. Ratcliffe, P. Ravencroft, A. Reddington, R. Reddy, A. Reddy, H. Redfearn, D. Redwood, A. Reed, M. Rees, T. Rees, K. Regan, W. Reynolds, C. Ribeiro, A. Richards, E. Richardson, M. Richardson, P. Rivera-Ortega, K. Roberts, E. Robertson, E. Robinson, L. Robinson, L. Roche, C. Roddis, J. Rodger, A. Ross, G. Ross, J. Rossdale, A. Rostron, A. Rowe, A. Rowland, J. Rowland, M.J. Rowland, S.L. Rowland-Jones, K. Roy, M. Roy, I. Rudan, R. Russell, E. Russell, G. Saalmink, R. Sabit, E.K. Sage, T. Samakomva, N. Samani, C. Sampson, K. Samuel, R. Samuel, A. Sanderson, E. Sapey, D. Saralaya, J. Sargant, C. Sarginson, T. Sass, N. Sattar, K. Saunders, R.M. Saunders, P. Saunders, L.C. Saunders, H. Savill, W. Saxon, A. Sayer, J. Schronce, W. Schwaeble, J.T. Scott, K. Scott, N. Selby, M.G. Semple, M. Sereno, T.A. Sewell, A. Shah, K. Shah, P. Shah, M. Shankar-Hari, M. Sharma, C. Sharpe, M. Sharpe, S. Shashaa, A. Shaw, K. Shaw, V. Shaw, A. Sheikh, S. Shelton, L. Shenton, K. Shevket, A. Shikotra, J. Short, S. Siddique, S. Siddiqui, J. Sidebottom, L. Sigfrid, G. Simons, J. Simpson, N. Simpson, A. Singapuri, C. Singh, S. Singh, S.J. Singh, D. Sissons, J. Skeemer, K. Slack, A. Smith, D. Smith, S. Smith, J. Smith, L. Smith, M. Soares, T.S. Solano, R. Solly, A.R. Solstice, T. Soulsby, D. Southern, D. Sowter, M. Spears, L.G. Spencer, F. Speranza, L. Stadon, S. Stanel, N. Steele, M. Steiner, D. Stensel, G. Stephens, L. Stephenson, M. Stern, I. Stewart, R. Stimpson, S. Stockdale, J. Stockley, W. Stoker, R. Stone, W. Storrar, A. Storrie, K. Storton, E. Stringer, S. Strong-Sheldrake, N. Stroud, C. Subbe, C.L. Sudlow, Z. Suleiman, C. Summers, C. Summersgill, D. Sutherland, D.L. Sykes, R. Sykes, N. Talbot, A.L. Tan, L. Tarusan, V. Tavoukjian, A. Taylor, C. Taylor, J. Taylor, A. Te, H. Tedd, C.J. Tee, J. Teixeira, H. Tench, S. Terry, S. Thackray-Nocera, F. Thaivalappil, B. Thamu, D. Thickett, C. Thomas, D.C. Thomas, S. Thomas, A.K. Thomas, T. Thomas-Woods, T. Thompson, A.A.R. Thompson, T. Thornton, M. Thorpe, R.S. Thwaites, J. Tilley, N. Tinker, G.F. Tiongson, M. Tobin, J. Tomlinson, C. Tong, M. Toshner, R. Touyz, K.A. Tripp, E. Tunnicliffe, A. Turnbull, E. Turner, S. Turner, V. Turner, K. Turner, S. Turney, L. Turtle, H. Turton, J. Ugoji, R. Ugwuoke, R. Upthegrove, J. Valabhji, M. Ventura, J. Vere, C. Vickers, B. Vinson, E. Wade, P. Wade, L.V. Wain, T. Wainwright, L.O. Wajero, S. Walder, S. Walker, E. Wall, T. Wallis, S. Walmsley, J.A. Walsh, S. Walsh, L. Warburton, T.J.C. Ward, K. Warwick, H. Wassall, S. Waterson, E. Watson, L. Watson, J. Watson, J. Weir McCall, C. Welch, H. Welch, B. Welsh, S. Wessely, S. West, H. Weston, H. Wheeler, S. White, V. Whitehead, J. Whitney, S. Whittaker, B. Whittam, V. Whitworth, A. Wight, J. Wild, M. Wilkins, D. Wilkinson, B. Williams, N. Williams, J. Williams, S.A. Williams-Howard, M. Willicombe, G. Willis, J. Willoughby, A. Wilson, D. Wilson, I. Wilson, N. Window, M. Witham, R. Wolf-Roberts, C. Wood, F. Woodhead, J. Woods, D.G. Wootton, J. Wormleighton, J. Worsley, D. Wraith, C. Wrey Brown, C. Wright, L. Wright, S. Wright, J. Wyles, I. Wynter, M. Xu, N. Yasmin, S. Yasmin, T. Yates, K.P. Yip, B. Young, S. Young, A. Young, A.J. Yousuf, A. Zawia, L. Zeidan, B. Zhao, B. Zheng, and O. Zongo
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COVID-19 ,Physical frailty ,Long-COVID ,Fried's frailty phenotype ,Hospitalisation ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Summary: Background: The scale of COVID-19 and its well documented long-term sequelae support a need to understand long-term outcomes including frailty. Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited adults who had survived hospitalisation with clinically diagnosed COVID-19 across 35 sites in the UK (PHOSP-COVID). The burden of frailty was objectively measured using Fried's Frailty Phenotype (FFP). The primary outcome was the prevalence of each FFP group—robust (no FFP criteria), pre-frail (one or two FFP criteria) and frail (three or more FFP criteria)—at 5 months and 1 year after discharge from hospital. For inclusion in the primary analysis, participants required complete outcome data for three of the five FFP criteria. Longitudinal changes across frailty domains are reported at 5 months and 1 year post-hospitalisation, along with risk factors for frailty status. Patient-perceived recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were retrospectively rated for pre-COVID-19 and prospectively rated at the 5 month and 1 year visits. This study is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN10980107. Findings: Between March 5, 2020, and March 31, 2021, 2419 participants were enrolled with FFP data. Mean age was 57.9 (SD 12.6) years, 933 (38.6%) were female, and 429 (17.7%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation. 1785 had measures at both timepoints, of which 240 (13.4%), 1138 (63.8%) and 407 (22.8%) were frail, pre-frail and robust, respectively, at 5 months compared with 123 (6.9%), 1046 (58.6%) and 616 (34.5%) at 1 year. Factors associated with pre-frailty or frailty were invasive mechanical ventilation, older age, female sex, and greater social deprivation. Frail participants had a larger reduction in HRQoL compared with before their COVID-19 illness and were less likely to describe themselves as recovered. Interpretation: Physical frailty and pre-frailty are common following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Improvement in frailty was seen between 5 and 12 months although two-thirds of the population remained pre-frail or frail. This suggests comprehensive assessment and interventions targeting pre-frailty and frailty beyond the initial illness are required. Funding: UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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- 2023
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19. Transcriptome profiles of Anopheles gambiae harboring natural low-level Plasmodium infection reveal adaptive advantages for the mosquito
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Ann L. Carr, David C. Rinker, Yuemei Dong, George Dimopoulos, and Laurence J. Zwiebel
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Anopheline mosquitoes are the sole vectors for the Plasmodium pathogens responsible for malaria, which is among the oldest and most devastating of human diseases. The continuing global impact of malaria reflects the evolutionary success of a complex vector-pathogen relationship that accordingly has been the long-term focus of both debate and study. An open question in the biology of malaria transmission is the impact of naturally occurring low-level Plasmodium infections of the vector on the mosquito’s health and longevity as well as critical behaviors such as host-preference/seeking. To begin to answer this, we have completed a comparative RNAseq-based transcriptome profile study examining the effect of biologically salient, salivary gland transmission-stage Plasmodium infection on the molecular physiology of Anopheles gambiae s.s. head, sensory appendages, and salivary glands. When compared with their uninfected counterparts, Plasmodium infected mosquitoes exhibit increased transcript abundance of genes associated with olfactory acuity as well as a range of synergistic processes that align with increased fitness based on both anti-aging and reproductive advantages. Taken together, these data argue against the long-held paradigm that malaria infection is pathogenic for anophelines and, instead suggests there are biological and evolutionary advantages for the mosquito that drive the preservation of its high vectorial capacity.
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- 2021
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20. Consequences of COVID-19 on adolescents in Arizona: A longitudinal study protocol
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Velia Leybas Nuño, Namoonga M. Mantina, Oriyomi Dawodu, Maureen Dykinga, Dametreea L. Carr, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Felina Cordova-Marks, Megan Jehn, Kimberly Peace-Tuskey, Leila Barraza, and Pamela Garcia-Filion
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COVID-19 ,adolescents ,depressive symptoms ,anxiety ,resilience ,epidemiology ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
IntroductionThe long-term impact of COVID-19 is unknown. We developed a 5-year prospective cohort study designed to generate actionable community-informed research about the consequences of COVID-19 on adolescents ages 12–17 years in Arizona.MethodsThe study has two primary outcomes: 1) acute and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 illness and 2) symptoms of depression and anxiety. Data is collected using an online survey with plans to integrate qualitative data collection methods. The survey is administered at baseline, 4, and 8 months in year one, and annually in years two through five. This study is informed by Intersectionality Theory, which considers the diverse identities adolescents have that are self and socially defined and the influence they have collectively and simultaneously. To this end, a sample of variables collected is race/ethnicity, language usage, generational status, co-occurring health conditions, and gender. Additional measures capture experiences in social contexts such as home (parent employment, food, and housing security), school (remote learning, type of school), and society (racism).ResultsFindings are not presented because the manuscript is a protocol designed to describe the procedure instead of report results.DiscussionThe unique contributions of the study is its focus on COVID-19 the illness and COVID-19 the socially experienced pandemic and the impact of both on adolescents.
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- 2022
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21. Short-term behavioral and histological changes in a rodent model of mild traumatic brain injury
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Anna Marie Clay, Russell L Carr, Janice Dubien, and Filip To
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Rodent model ,Experimental brain injury ,Weight drop injury ,Mild traumatic brain injury ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
An in-house developed weight drop injury (WDI) device is a recently described animal model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that was designed to produce a blunt, closed-head injury. More specifically, the apparatus was designed to reliably generate a wide range of TBI severities using precise and quantifiable biomechanical inputs in a nonsurgical user-friendly platform. The objective of this study was to define the lower limit of a single mild TBI (mTBI) impact using our WDI device by characterizing the relationship between the biomechanical input and the behavioral and histological inflammatory outcomes. Rats were subjected to a single mTBI impact using two impact energies of 0.2 and 0.5J, and post-impact outcomes were assessed over two recovery periods of 3- and 7-days. Here we report that a single, closed-head impact energy of 0.5J and below produces no significant phenotype. Despite the insignificant results of alterations in behavior and inflammatory analysis, the study revealed important aspects of lower-level impact loads. First, this work provides evidence in support of the notion that not every closed-head impact has the capacity to result in system perturbations. Although a theoretical injury threshold may not exist for rats using a WDI model, we hypothesize a biomechanical threshold of impact associated with a lack of functional impairment and neuroinflammation due to a single closed-head injury is likely around an energy level of 0.5 J.
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- 2022
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22. A SmallSat Concept to Resolve Diurnal and Vertical Variations of Aerosols, Clouds, and Boundary Layer Height
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John E. Yorks, Jun Wang, Matthew J. McGill, Melanie Follette-Cook, Edward P. Nowottnick, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peter R. Colarco, Jianglong Zhang, Olga Kalashnikova, Hongbin Yu, Franco Marenco, Joseph A. Santanello, Tammy M. Weckwerth, Zhanqing Li, James R Campbell, Ping Yang, Minghui Diao, Vincent Noel, Kerry G. Meyer, James L. Carr, Michael Garay, Kenneth Christian, Angela Bennedetti, Allison M. Ring, Alice Crawford, Michael J. Pavolonis, Valentina Aquila, Jhoon Kim, and Shobha Kondragunta
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Earth Resources and Remote Sensing ,Meteorology and Climatology ,Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance - Abstract
A SmallSat mission concept is formulated here to carry out Time-varying Optical Measurements of Clouds and Aerosol Transport (TOMCAT) from space while embracing low-cost opportunities enabled by the revolution in Earth science observation technologies. TOMCAT’s “around-the-clock” measurements will provide needed insights and strong synergy with existing Earth observation satellites to 1) statistically resolve diurnal and vertical variation of cirrus cloud properties (key to Earth’s radiation budget), 2) determine the impacts of regional and seasonal planetary boundary layer (PBL) diurnal variation on surface air quality and low-level cloud distributions, and 3) characterize smoke and dust emission processes impacting their long-range transport on the subseasonal to seasonal time scales. Clouds, aerosol particles, and the PBL play critical roles in Earth’s climate system at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Yet their vertical variations as a function of local time are poorly measured from space. Active sensors for profiling the atmosphere typically utilize sun-synchronous low-Earth orbits (LEO) with rather limited temporal and spatial coverage, inhibiting the characterization of spatiotemporal variability. Pairing compact active lidar and passive multiangle remote sensing technologies from an inclined LEO platform enables measurements of the diurnal and vertical variability of aerosols, clouds, and aerosol-mixing-layer (or PBL) height in tropical-to-midlatitude regions where most of the world’s population resides. TOMCAT is conceived to bring potential societal benefits by delivering its data products in near–real time and offering on-demand hazard-monitoring capabilities to profile fire injection of smoke particles, the frontal lofting of dust particles, and the eruptive rise of volcanic plumes.
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- 2023
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23. Geometric estimation of volcanic eruption column height from GOES-R near-limb imagery – Part 2: Case studies
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Á. Horváth, O. A. Girina, J. L. Carr, D. L. Wu, A. A. Bril, A. A. Mazurov, D. V. Melnikov, G. A. Hoshyaripour, and S. A. Buehler
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Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In a companion paper (Horváth et al., 2021), we introduced a new technique to estimate volcanic eruption column height from extremely oblique near-limb geostationary views. The current paper demonstrates and validates the technique in a number of recent eruptions, ranging from ones with weak columnar plumes to subplinian events with massive umbrella clouds and overshooting tops that penetrate the stratosphere. Due to its purely geometric nature, the new method is shown to be unaffected by the limitations of the traditional brightness temperature method, such as height underestimation in subpixel and semitransparent plumes, ambiguous solutions near the tropopause temperature inversion, or the lack of solutions in undercooled plumes. The side view height estimates were in good agreement with plume heights derived from ground-based video and satellite stereo observations, suggesting they can be a useful complement to established techniques.
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- 2021
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24. Geometric estimation of volcanic eruption column height from GOES-R near-limb imagery – Part 1: Methodology
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Á. Horváth, J. L. Carr, O. A. Girina, D. L. Wu, A. A. Bril, A. A. Mazurov, D. V. Melnikov, G. A. Hoshyaripour, and S. A. Buehler
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
A geometric technique is introduced to estimate the height of volcanic eruption columns using the generally discarded near-limb portion of geostationary imagery. Such oblique observations facilitate a height-by-angle estimation method by offering close-to-orthogonal side views of eruption columns protruding from the Earth ellipsoid. Coverage is restricted to daytime point estimates in the immediate vicinity of the vent, which nevertheless can provide complementary constraints on source conditions for the modeling of near-field plume evolution. The technique is best suited to strong eruption columns with minimal tilting in the radial direction. For weak eruptions with severely bent plumes or eruptions with expanded umbrella clouds the radial tilt/expansion has to be corrected for either visually or using ancillary wind profiles. Validation on a large set of mountain peaks indicates a typical height uncertainty of ±500 m for near-vertical eruption columns, which compares favorably with the accuracy of the common temperature method.
- Published
- 2021
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25. Healthcare worker knowledge and opinion regarding intimate partner violence screening in an academic dermatology clinic: a survey study
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Christian L. Carr, MD, MPH, Sydney Rivera, MPH, Katelyn K. Jetelina, MPH, PhD, and Melissa Mauskar, MD
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Published
- 2022
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26. Weed Control and Tigernut Response to Preemergence Herbicides Applied at Transplanting
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Thierry E. Besançon, Baylee L. Carr, and Albert Ayeni
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amaranthus hybridus ,bensulide ,cyperus esculentus var. sativus ,dcpa ,digitaria sanguinalis ,galinsoga quadriradiata ,mollugo verticillata ,oxyfluorfen ,pendimethalin ,s-metolachlor ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus var. sativus) is a type of sedge that is quickly becoming popular as a superfood. As demand for tigernut continues to increase, more information is needed to develop weed management strategies for the crop to maximize tuber yield and quality. However, no herbicide is currently labeled for use with tigernut. Experimental trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to assess crop safety and control of economically important weeds with preemergence herbicides for transplanted ‘NG3’ and ‘OG’ tigernut. Oxyfluorfen applied alone or mixed with pendimethalin provided excellent control (>85%) of smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), carpetweed (Mollugo verticillata), and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and it did not cause any tigernut injury, stunting, or yield reduction compared with the weed-free control. However, none of the treatments controlled hairy galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) satisfactorily 2 months after herbicide application. Bensulide alone or associated with oxyfluorfen caused 14% to 25% stunting of tigernut. Bensulide alone only provided short-term control of broadleaf weeds. Increased weed competition and tigernut phytotoxicity associated with bensulide resulted in a 39% reduction in tuber yield compared with oxyfluorfen alone. Finally, S-metolachlor caused up to 78% stunting and a 68% reduction in vegetative tigernut biomass (on average) compared with the weed-free control. Tuber yield was reduced 55% to 97% after S-metolachlor was applied at transplanting. Oxyfluorfen would provide effective weed control up to 8 weeks after treatment in fields where hairy galinsoga is not a weed of concern and fulfill the requirement of a weed-free period without affecting tuber yield of quality.
- Published
- 2021
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27. Probing subwavelength in-plane anisotropy with antenna-assisted infrared nano-spectroscopy
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Ziheng Yao, Xinzhong Chen, Lukas Wehmeier, Suheng Xu, Yinming Shao, Zimeng Zeng, Fanwei Liu, Alexander S. Mcleod, Stephanie N. Gilbert Corder, Makoto Tsuneto, Wu Shi, Zihang Wang, Wenjun Zheng, Hans A. Bechtel, G. L. Carr, Michael C. Martin, Alex Zettl, D. N. Basov, Xi Chen, Lukas M. Eng, Susanne C. Kehr, and Mengkun Liu
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
s-SNOM is a powerful tool, but it is less sensitive to in-plane variations. Here the authors present a method to improve this with a metallic microdisk antenna, which they demonstrate by probing in-plane phonon responses.
- Published
- 2021
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28. Correction: Carr et al. GEO–GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 3779
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James L. Carr, Dong L. Wu, Jaime Daniels, Mariel D. Friberg, Wayne Bresky, and Houria Madani
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n/a ,Science - Abstract
In the original publication [...]
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- 2023
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29. Improvement in Stage of Lung Cancer Diagnosis With Incidental Pulmonary Nodules Followed With a Patient Tracking System and Computerized Registry
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Laurie L. Carr, MD, Debra S. Dyer, MD, Pearlanne T. Zelarney, MS, and Elizabeth O. Kern, MD, MS
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Incidental pulmonary nodules ,Lung cancer screening ,Lung nodule follow-up ,Lung nodule registry and tracking ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Introduction: Given that an incidental pulmonary nodule (IPN) on chest computed tomography (CT) may represent nascent lung cancer, timely follow-up imaging is critical to assess nodule growth and the need for tissue sampling. We previously reported our institution’s systematic process to identify and track patients with an IPN associated with improved CT on follow-up. We hypothesized that this improvement may have led to a higher frequency of early-stage lung cancer. To evaluate this, we performed a study to determine whether cases of early-stage lung cancer were more likely to have had our tracking system applied to suspicious findings. Methods: An observational study was performed by identifying cases of lung cancer that were detected as IPNs on chest CT scans performed at our institution, from 2006 to 2016. A total of 314 cases were dichotomized into early-stage (stage 1) or late-stage (stages II to IV) disease. A multivariant regression analysis with modeling was used to determine factors associated with a diagnosis of early-stage disease. Factors included the use of the tracking system and nodule registry. Results: The following factors were independently associated with early-stage lung cancer: index nodule diameter, (OR = 0.971, confidence interval [CI]: 0.948–0.995], p = 0.016), adenocarcinoma histology (OR = 2.930 [CI: 1.695–5.064], p = 0.0001) and use of tracker phrases on CT reports (OR = 1.939 [CI: 1.126–3.339], p = 0.016). Conclusions: The application of a patient tracking system and computerized lung nodule registry lead to an increased frequency in the diagnosis of stage 1 NSCLC from IPNs. This is a meaningful outcome for patients and should be adapted for IPN management.
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- 2022
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30. Multi-LEO Satellite Stereo Winds
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James L. Carr, Dong L. Wu, Mariel D. Friberg, and Tyler C. Summers
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3D-winds ,atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) ,MODIS ,SLSTR ,stereo imaging ,parallax ,Science - Abstract
The stereo-winds method follows trackable atmospheric cloud features from multiple viewing perspectives over multiple times, generally involving multiple satellite platforms. Multi-temporal observations provide information about the wind velocity and the observed parallax between viewing perspectives provides information about the height. The stereo-winds method requires no prior assumptions about the thermal profile of the atmosphere to assign a wind height, since the height of the tracked feature is directly determined from the viewing geometry. The method is well developed for pairs of Geostationary (GEO) satellites and a GEO paired with a Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellite. However, neither GEO-GEO nor GEO-LEO configurations provide coverage of the poles. In this paper, we develop the stereo-winds method for multi-LEO configurations, to extend coverage from pole to pole. The most promising multi-LEO constellation studied consists of Terra/MODIS and Sentinel-3/SLSTR. Stereo-wind products are validated using clear-sky terrain measurements, spaceborne LiDAR, and reanalysis winds for winter and summer over both poles. Applications of multi-LEO polar stereo winds range from polar atmospheric circulation to nighttime cloud identification. Low cloud detection during polar nighttime is extremely challenging for satellite remote sensing. The stereo-winds method can improve polar cloud observations in otherwise challenging conditions.
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- 2023
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31. Clinical characteristics and management of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis with haemodynamic instability
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M. O’Brian, C. L. Carr, C. Thomas, A. R. Dominguez, and M. Mauskar
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Abstract Background Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe pustular drug eruption with rare reports of haemodynamic instability. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with AGEP‐associated haemodynamic instability. Methods This retrospective case series identified adult patients diagnosed with AGEP who had haemodynamic instability from November 2012 to February 2020 that were seen at two academic teaching hospitals with roles as a burn centre and tertiary referral centre at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TX USA. Patients with a discharge diagnosis of AGEP that had haemodynamic instability during their eruption were included. Patients with a history of psoriasis, presentations thought to be a flare of generalized pustular psoriasis, or concurrent infection during eruption were excluded. AGEP with haemodynamic instability was characterized by degree of hypotension, dermatologic phenotype at time of dermatologic consultation, and management approach. Results This study included 19 patients with AGEP‐associated haemodynamic instability (mean age, 52 years; age range, 29–76 years; 11 (58%) female). Patients were classified on a spectrum of haemodynamic instability; three had sustained hypotension, 10 had hypotension with organ dysfunction, and six had shock. Patients with AGEP‐associated haemodynamic instability had a range of dermatologic phenotypes at initial consultation: subtle exanthematous eruption with minimal pustules, typical eruption with pustules and flexural predominance, and severe eruption with features of Stevens–Johnson syndrome. Both topical and systemic corticosteroids were used for treatment of several patients. Of the patients that required vasopressors and received systemic steroids, the majority were off vasopressors within 24 h of steroid initiation. Conclusion Approximately 22% of patients presenting with AGEP to a tertiary referral center had haemodynamic instability. Clinicians should be aware that dermatologic phenotype of AGEP at presentation does not correlate with development of haemodynamic instability.
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- 2021
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32. Compact Midwave Imaging System: Results from an Airborne Demonstration
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Michael A. Kelly, James L. Carr, Dong L. Wu, Arnold C. Goldberg, Ivan Papusha, and Renee T. Meinhold
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Geosciences (General) - Abstract
The Compact Midwave Imaging System (CMIS) is a wide field of view, multi-angle, multi-spectral push frame imager that relies on the forward motion of the satellite to create a two-dimensional (2D) image swath. An airborne demonstration of CMIS was successfully completed in January-February 2021 on the NASA Langley Research Center Gulfstream III. The primary objective of the four-flight campaign was to demonstrate the capability of this unique instrument to perform stereo observations of clouds and other particulates (e.g. smoke) in the atmosphere. It is shown that the midwave infrared (MWIR) spectral bands of CMIS provide a unique 24/7 capability with high resolution for accurate stereo sensing.The instrument relies on new focal plane array (FPA) technology, which provides excellent sensitivity at much warmer detector temperatures than traditional technologies. This capability enabled a compact, low-cost design that can provide atmospheric motion vectors and cloud heights to support requirements for atmospheric winds in the 2017-2027 Earth Science Decadal Survey. Applications include day/night observations of the planetary boundary layer, severe weather, and wildfires. A comparison with current space-based earth science instruments demonstrates that the SWIR/MWIR multi-spectral capability of CMIS is competitive with larger, more expensive instrumentation. Imagery obtained over a controlled burn and operating nuclear power plant demonstrated the sensitivity of the instrument to temperature variations. The system relies on a mature stereoscopic imaging technique applied to the same scene from two independent platforms to unambiguously retrieve atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) with accurate height assignment.This capability has been successfully applied to geostationary and low-earth orbit satellites to achieve excellent accuracy. When applied to a ground-point validation case, the accuracy for the CMIS aircraft observations was 20 m and 0.3 m/s for cloud heights and motion vectors, respectively. This result was confirmed by a detailed error analysis with analytical and covariance models. The results for CMIS cases with under flights of Aeolus, CALIPSO and Aqua provided a good validation of expected accuracies. The paper also showed the feasibility of accommodating CMIS on CubeSats to enable multiple instruments to be flown in a leader-follower mode.
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- 2022
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33. Infrared nano-spectroscopy of ferroelastic domain walls in hybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3Ti2O7
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K. A. Smith, E. A. Nowadnick, S. Fan, O. Khatib, S. J. Lim, B. Gao, N. C. Harms, S. N. Neal, J. K. Kirkland, M. C. Martin, C. J. Won, M. B. Raschke, S.-W. Cheong, C. J. Fennie, G. L. Carr, H. A. Bechtel, and J. L. Musfeldt
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Ferroic domain walls are nano-objects that are considered functional elements in future devices. Here, the authors study phonons across ferroelastic domain walls by synchrotron-based near-field infrared nano-spectroscopy and relate these changes to the order parameter which helps to understand domain wall dynamics.
- Published
- 2019
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34. Influence of the federal landowner Incentive Program
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Sunni L. Carr, Steven P. Riley, Kristal Stoner, Gerry Steinauer, and Thomas L. Walker Jr.
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conservation ,initiative ,landowner ,Landowner Incentive Program ,LIP ,management ,General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,QH1-199.5 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The Landowner Incentive Program (LIP) was introduced as a federal conservation program administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 2002 as a means to incentivize private landowners in the management of rare wildlife species and their habitats. States and tribes were encouraged to apply for competitive funding and establish appropriate programs aimed at reversing population declines of wildlife species on privately owned land. We document the origin of LIP and highlight 2 case studies that exemplify innovations catalyzed by LIP. From 2002 to 2007, US$127 million was appropriated and >4,300 projects were completed nationwide. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
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- 2019
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35. A Demonstration of Three-Satellite Stereo Winds
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James L. Carr, Jaime Daniels, Dong L. Wu, Wayne Bresky, and Bin Tan
- Subjects
atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) ,GOES-R ,ABI ,stereo imaging ,parallax ,image navigation and registration (INR) ,Science - Abstract
Stereo tracking of clouds from multiple satellites permits the simultaneous retrieval of an atmospheric motion vector (“wind”) and its height in the atmosphere. The direct measurement of height is a major advantage of stereo methods over observations made from a single satellite where the height must be inferred from infrared brightness temperatures. A pair of operational geostationary satellites over the Americas provides stereo coverage where their two fields of view intersect. Stereo coverage can be extended to nearly a full hemisphere with a third satellite. We demonstrate this configuration with the operational GOES-R constellation of GOES-16 (east) and GOES-17 (west) augmented by GOES-18 in its central test slot and use the 500-m resolution Advanced Baseline Imager Band 2. We examine the consistency of the pairwise products created from GOES-18 and -16 versus GOES-18 and -17 and create a fused triple-GOES product that spans nearly the full hemisphere seen from GOES-18. We also examine the retrieval of ground points observed under clear skies and compare their retrievals to zero speed and known terrain heights. The results are compatible with a wind accuracy about 0.1 m/s with height assignment uncertainty of 175 m.
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- 2022
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36. Achalasia and gastroparesis: Coexisting entities or consequence of therapy?
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Danny Issa, Petros C. Benias, and David L. Carr-Locke
- Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Published
- 2021
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37. Management of early gastric cancer meeting criteria for endoscopic resection: US population-based study
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Mohamed Barakat, Daryl Ramai, Derrick Cheung, Mohamed M. Abdelfatah, Mohamed O. Othman, David L. Carr-Locke, and Douglas G. Adler
- Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and study aims The goal of this study was to assess surgical resection (SR) of early gastric cancer (EGC) fitting Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) endoscopic resection (ER) criteria. Patients and methods We analyzed EGC data from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Results A total of 2219 EGC cases were identified (1074 T1a and 1145 T1b). Of them, 409 met absolute criteria, 219 met expanded 1, 529 expanded 2, and 229 expanded 3. 259 lesions were treated endoscopically while 1007 were surgically resected (20.5 % vs 79.5 %, P = 0.0001). Temporal analysis showed that the frequency of ER steadily increased while SR proportionally decreased during the study period. Cox proportion regression analysis adjusting for confound variables (including age, gender, and race) showed no significant difference in the risk of mortality following either surgery or endoscopy. Conclusions EGC can be safely treated with ER. However, EGC meeting JGCA ER criteria is largely treated with SR in the United States.
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- 2021
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38. Single session per oral endoscopic myotomy and trans oral incisionless fundoplication – can we prevent reflux in patients with achalasia?
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Petros C. Benias, Vivek Kumbhari, Nikhil A. Kumta, Amrita Sethi, Lionel S. D’Souza, Amy Tyberg, Olaya Brewer Gutierrez, Larry S. Miller, David L. Carr-Locke, and Mouen A. Khashab
- Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and study aims The rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is concerning. Endoscopic anti-reflux methods, such as Trans Oral Incisionless Fundoplication (TIF), are crucial for the long-term success of POEM, especially if they can be performed in the same session. Methods We completed a proof-of-concept canine pilot study (n = 6) to assess safety and feasibility of POEM and TIF in a single session (POEM-TIF). Subsequently, POEM-TIF was also performed in patients with achalasia (n = 5). Herein, we report on the safety, technical and clinical success of the first-in-human cases with symptom follow-up at 1, 3 and 6 months and pH testing at 6 months. Results POEM was completed successfully in six canines (3 anterior and 3 posterior myotomies), followed by TIF in the same session. Necropsy and extensive testing demonstrated no evidence of mucosal injury and no leaks. The reconstructed valve was 220 to 240 degrees, 3 to 4 cm in length, and resulted in concomitant esophageal lengthening (2–5 cm). Using similar principles, the first-in-human cases were performed without intraprocedural or delayed adverse events. pH testing at 6 months showed that four of five patients had no evidence of GERD (DeMeester > 14.72), and in one case, there was evidence of esophagitis. Conclusions Single session POEM-TIF appears to be safe and feasible. Early clinical human data suggests that it may be able to reduce post POEM GERD, however the additional secondary benefits such as lengthening and straightening of the esophagus, may prove to be equally important for the long-term success of POEM.
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- 2021
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39. Political Freedom: Pluralism, Unity, and the Civil Order
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Craig L. Carr
- Published
- 2020
40. The Hebrew Orient: Palestine in Jewish American Visual Culture, 1901-1938
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Jessica L. Carr
- Published
- 2020
41. Editorial: Applications of Fluorescence in Surgery and Interventional Diagnostics
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Evgenii Belykh, Mark C. Preul, David L. Carr-Locke, and Quyen T. Nguyen
- Subjects
fluorescence ,diagnostics ,optical guidance ,vascular neurosurgery ,microsurgery ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2021
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42. A pilot randomized study of a telephone-based cognitive-behavioral stress-management intervention to reduce distress in phase 1 oncology trial caregivers
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Alaina L. Carr, Emily Bilenduke, Esmeralda Adolf, Elizabeth R. Kessler, Joanna J. Arch, Krista W. Ranby, and Kristin Kilbourn
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,General Medicine ,General Nursing - Abstract
Objectives Caregivers of adult phase 1 oncology trial patients experience high levels of distress and face barriers to in-person supportive care. The Phase 1 Caregiver LifeLine (P1CaLL) pilot study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and general impact of an individual telephone-based cognitive behavioral stress-management (CBSM) intervention for caregivers of phase I oncology trial patients. Methods The pilot study involved 4 weekly adapted CBSM sessions followed by participant randomization to 4 weekly cognitive behavioral therapy sessions or metta-meditation sessions. A mixed-methods design used quantitative data from 23 caregivers and qualitative data from 5 caregivers to examine the feasibility and acceptability outcomes. Feasibility was determined using recruitment, retention, and assessment completion rates. Acceptability was assessed with self-reported satisfaction with program content and participation barriers. Baseline to post-intervention changes in caregiver distress and other psychosocial outcomes were assessed for the 8-session intervention. Results The enrollment rate was 45.3%, which demonstrated limited feasibility based on an a priori criterion enrollment rate of 50%. Participants completed an average of 4.9 sessions, with 9/25 (36%) completing all sessions and an 84% assessment completion rate. Intervention acceptability was high, and participants found the sessions helpful in managing stress related to the phase 1 oncology trial patient experience. Participants showed reductions in worry and isolation and stress. Significance of results The P1CaLL study demonstrated adequate acceptability and limited feasibility and provided data on the general impact of the intervention on caregiver distress and other psychosocial outcomes. Caregivers of phase 1 oncology trial patients would benefit from supportive care services; a telephone-based intervention may have more utilization and thus make a larger impact.
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- 2023
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43. Gut Microbial Communities in Mealworms and Indianmeal Moth Larvae Respond Differently to Plastic Degradation
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Anisha S Navlekar, Ezinne Osuji, and Deborah L Carr
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry - Published
- 2023
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44. Variability of precipitation areal reduction factors in the conterminous United States
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Shih-Chieh Kao, Scott T. DeNeale, Elena Yegorova, Joseph Kanney, and Meredith L. Carr
- Subjects
Areal Reduction Factor (ARF) ,Precipitation frequency analysis ,Design rainfall ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Many hydrologic and hydraulic (H&H) engineering applications require spatial rainfall distribution over a watershed, but point precipitation frequency estimates, such as those provided by NOAA Atlas 14, are only applicable for relatively small areas. For larger areas, areal reduction factors (ARFs) are commonly used to transform a point precipitation frequency estimate of a given duration and frequency to a corresponding areal estimate. The most common source of ARFs for the United States is Technical Paper 29 (TP-29), published in 1958, although there have been significant increases in record length and types of available data and several new methods for computing ARFs have been proposed over the last several decades. This study applied up-to-date precipitation data products and analysis methods with a watershed-based approach to investigate factors that affect ARF variabilities, and to compare ARFs across multiple US hydrologic regions. Our overall findings are in line with other recent studies showing that ARFs decrease with increasing area, increase with increasing duration, and decrease with increasing return period. In particular, we found a strong geographical variability across different US hydrologic regions, suggesting that ARF are specific to regional climate patterns and geographical characteristics and should not be applied arbitrarily to other locations. The results also reveal the importance of record length, especially for long return period ARFs. The study demonstrates the need to improve ARFs with new data and methods to support more reliable areal precipitation frequency estimates for H&H applications.
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- 2020
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45. Feasibility of reporting results of large randomised controlled trials to participants: experience from the Fluoxetine Or Control Under Supervision (FOCUS) trial
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Martin Dennis, D Cohen, A Thompson, M Smith, A Naqvi, Graham Ellis, A Khan, L Hunt, X Huang, J Andrews, J Foot, J Smith, S Wong, A Stevens, D Bailey, S Johnston, S Jones, R Robinson, A Johnson, S Williams, T Smith, A Ahmed, S Bloom, L Sekaran, D Singh, F Smith, R Greenwood, A Singh, R Brown, J White, S Smith, S Arif, S Ross, S Trippier, S Levy, B Patel, M Khan, A Thomas, S Brown, V Jones, D Wood, S Maguire, U Khan, P Nair, A Smith, G Hann, R Williams, M Cooper, S Jackson, M Hassan, P Kumar, A Metcalf, R Patel, A Wright, S Khan, A Bell, C Williams, M Robinson, K Jones, S Alam, R Shah, J Simpson, K Ali, K Miller, K Kennedy, S Ahmed, J Francis, L Thomas, M Scott, S Nelson, S Clayton, L Zhang, B Charles, P Lopez, A Fleming, C Lambert, A Shah, J Wong, David Burgess, L Wilson, A Siddiqui, S Kumar, A Hassan, D Cooke, M Williams, P Cooper, S Graham, S Morrison, M Holland, C Green, C Edwards, K Subramanian, K Patel, J Mitchell, J Stewart, S Keenan, C Duggan, S McKenna, R Murphy, M Ward, S Walker, S Lewis, R Jones, L Wright, M Edwards, N Sattar, J Mcgee, R Butler, M Wilkinson, S Das, C Kelly, R Cowan, C Brown, K Moore, L Denny, M Harrison, S Patel, R Rodriguez, J Allen, M Kalita, Gillian Mead, A Bowring, A Edwards, J Scott, J Drew, D Ward, L Dixon, K Burton, E Brown, E Epstein, R Miller, F Reid, A Jones, P Murphy, A Ali, N Ahmad, S Noor, C Leonard, A Nair, M Naeem, M Johnson, E Douglas, J Thompson, R Evans, C Jenkins, J Wilson, R Anderson, H Wilson, H Stone, J Ward, L Greenhalgh, P Walker, A Hill, K Stagg, S Naqvi, R Scott, M Hughes, P Jones, M Simpson, K Elliott, M Davy, S Young, Karen Innes, Pippa Tyrrell, A David, Steff Lewis, A Bwalya, C Buckley, S Kelly, C Thomas, I Kane, M Hussain, S Shah, J Roberts, D Morales, C McInnes, N Khan, N Weir, L Hill, J McLaughlin, K Kavanagh, R Clarke, P Thompson, J Price, J Ball, L Benton, E Walton, E Walker, L Burgess, K McCormick, L Wade, C Anderson, S Stevenson, R Blackburn, L Brown, B Clarke, T Khan, S Dhar, L Harrison, S Bell, D Buchanan, A Deary, J Drever, R Fraser, C Graham, K Innes, C McGill, D Perry, A Barugh, G Blair, Y Chun, E Maschauer, J Forbes, M Hackett, G Hankey, A House, E Lundström, Peter Sandercock, Judith Williamson, John Forbes, Graeme Hankey, Maree Hackett, Veronica Murray, Ray French, David Stott, Jonathan Emberson, P Sandercock, M MacLeod, F Sullivan, P Langhorne, H Rodgers, N Hunter, R Parakramawansha, A Fazal, P Taylor, W Rutherford, R Buchan, A MacRaild, R Paulton, S Burgess, D McGowan, J Skwarski, F Proudfoot, J Perry, J Bamford, C Bedford, D Waugh, E Veraque, M Kambafwile, L Makawa, P Smalley, M Randall, L Idrovo, T Thirugnana-Chandran, R Vowden, J Jackson, A Bhalla, C Tam, A Rudd, C Gibbs, J Birns, L Lee Carbon, E Cattermole, A Cape, L hurley, K Marks, S Kullane, N Smyth, E Giallombardo, C Eglinton, D Dellafera, P Reidy, M Pitt, L Sykes, A Frith, V Croome, J Duffy, M Hancevic, L Kerwood, C Narh, C Merritt, J Willson, T Jackson, H Bowler, C Kamara, J Howe, K Stocks, G Dunn, K Endean, F Claydon, S Duty, C Doyle, K Harkness, E Richards, M Meegada, A Maatouk, L Barron, K Dakin, R Lindert, A Majid, P Rana, C Brighouse-Johnson, J Greig, M Kyu, S Prasad, B Mclean, I Alam, Z Ahmed, C Roffe, S Brammer, A Barry, C Beardmore, K Finney, H Maguire, P Hollinshead, J Grocott, I Natarajan, J Chembala, R Sanyal, S Lijko, N Abano, A Remegoso, P Ferdinand, S Stevens, C Stephen, P Whitmore, A Butler, C Causley, R Varquez, G Muddegowda, R Carpio, J Hiden, H Denic, J Sword, F Hall, J Cageao, R Curwen, M James, P Mudd, C Roughan, H Kingwell, A Hemsley, C Lohan, S Davenport, T Chapter, M Hough, D Strain, K Gupwell, A Goff, E Cusack, S Todd, R Partridge, G Jennings, K Thorpe, J Stephenson, K Littlewood, M Barber, F Brodie, S Marshall, D Esson, I Coburn, F Ross, V Withers, E Bowie, H Barcroft, L Miller, P Willcoxson, M Keeling, M Donninson, D Daniel, J Coyle, M Elliott, P Wanklyn, J Wightman, E Iveson, A Porteous, N Dyer, M Haritakis, J Bell, C Emms, P Wood, P Cottrell, L Doughty, L Carr, C Anazodo, M O Neill, J Westmoreland, R Mir, C Donne, E Bamford, P Clark Brown, A Stanners, I Ghouri, A Needle, M Eastwood, M Carpenter, P Datta, R Davey, F Razik, G Bateman, J Archer, V Balasubramanian, L Jackson, R Bowers, J Ellam, K Norton, P Guyler, S Tysoe, P Harman, A Kundu, T Dowling, S Chandler, O Omodunbi, T Loganathan, S Kunhunny, D Sinha, M Sheppard, S Kelavkar, K Ng, A Ropun, L Kamuriwo, R Orath Prabakaran, E France, S Rashmi, D Mangion, C Constantin, S Markova, A Hardwick, J Borley, L De Michele Hock, T Lawrence, J Fletcher, K Netherton, R Spencer, H Palmer, M Soliman, S Leach, J Sharma, C Taylor, I Wahishi, A Fields, S Butler, J Hindle, E Watson, C Hewitt, C Cullen, D Hamill, Z Mellor, T Fluskey, V Hankin, A Keeling, R Durairaj, D Shackcloth, R Tangney, T Hlaing, V Sutton, J Ewing, C Patterson, H Ramadan, R Bellfield, U Hamid, M Hooley, R Ghulam, L Masters, W Gaba, O Quinn, M Tate, N Mohammed, S Sethuraman, L Alwis, K Bharaj, R Pattni, F Justin, M Chauhan, L Eldridge, S Mintias, J Palmones, C Holmes, L Guthrie, N Devitt, J Leonard, M Osborn, L Ball, A Steele, E Dodd, A Holloway, P Baker, I Penwarden, S Caine, S Clarke, L Dow, R Wynn-Williams, J Kennedy, A DeVeciana, P Mathieson, I Reckless, R Teal, U Schulz, G Ford, P Mccann, G Cluckie, G Howell, J Ayer, B Moynihan, R Ghatala, G Cloud, N Al-Samarrai, F Watson, T Adedoyin, N Chopra, L Choy, N Clarke, A Dainty, A Blight, J Selvarajah, W Smith, F Moreton, A Welch, D Kalladka, B Cheripelli, A Lush, S El Tawil, N Day, K Montgomery, H Hamilton, D Ritchie, S Ramachandra, K McLeish, B Badiani, M Abdul-Saheb, A Chamberlain, M Mpelembue, R Bathula, M Lang, J Devine, L Southworth, N Epie, E Owoyele, F Guo, A Oshodi, V Sudkeo, K Thavanesan, D Tiwari, C Ovington, E Rogers, R Bower, B Longland, O David, A Hogan, S Loganathan, C Cox, S Orr, M Keltos, K Rashed, B Williams-Yesson, J Board, S De Bruijn, C Vickers, S Board, J Allison, E Keeling, T Duckett, D Donaldson, C Barron, L Balian, T England, A Hedstrom, E Bedford, M Harper, E Melikyan, W Abbott, M Goldsworthy, M Srinivasan, I Mukherjee, U Ghani, A Yeomans, F Hurford, R Chapman, S Shahzad, N Motherwell, L Tonks, R Young, D Dutta, P Brown, F Davis, J Turfrey, M Obaid, B Cartwright, B Topia, J Spurway, C Hughes, S OConnell, K Collins, R Bakawala, K Chatterjee, T Webster, S Haider, P Rushworth, F Macleod, C Perkins, A Nallasivan, E Burns, S Leason, T Carter, S Seagrave, E Sami, S Parkinson, L Armstrong, S Mawer, G Darnbrook, C Booth, B Hairsine, S Williamson, F Farquhar, B Esisi, T Cassidy, B McClelland, G Mankin, M Bokhari, D Sproates, S Hurdowar, N Sukhdeep, S Razak, N Upton, A Hashmi, K Osman, K Fotherby, A Willberry, D Morgan, G Sahota, K Jennings-Preece, D Butler, K Kauldhar, F Harrington, A Mate, J Skewes, K Adie, K Bond, G Courtauld, C Schofield, L Lucas, A James, S Ellis, B Maund, L Allsop, C Brodie, E Driver, K Harris, M Drake, E Thomas, M Burn, A Hamilton, S Mahalingam, A Benford, D Hilton, A Misra, L Hazell, K Ofori, M Mathew, S Dayal, I Burn, D Bruce, R Burnip, R Hayman, P Earnshaw, P Gamble, S Dima, M Dhakal, G Rogers, L Stephenson, R Nendick, Y Pai, K Nyo, V Cvoro, M Couser, A Tachtatzis, K Ullah, R Cain, N Chapman, S Pound, S McAuley, D Hargroves, B Ransom, K Mears, K Griffiths, L Cowie, T Hammond, T Webb, I Balogun, H Rudenko, A Thomson, D Ceccarelli, A Gillian, E Beranova, A Verrion, N Chattha, N Schumacher, A Bahk, D Sims, R Tongue, M Willmot, C Sutton, E Littleton, J Khaira, S Maiden, J Cunningham, Y Chin, M Bates, K Ahlquist, J Breeds, T Sargent, L Latter, A Pitt Ford, T Levett, N Gainsborough, A Dunne, E Barbon, S Hervey, S Ragab, T Sandell, C Dickson, S Power, J Dube, N Evans, B Wadams, S Elitova, B Aubrey, T Garcia, J Mcilmoyle, C Dickinson, C Jeffs, J Howard, C Armer, J Frudd, A Potter, S Donaldson, D Collas, S Sundayi, L Denham, D Oza, M Bhandari, S Ispoglou, K Sharobeem, A Hayes, J Howard-Brown, S Shanu, S Billingham, G Howard, E Wood, V Pressly, P Crawford, H Burton, A Walters, J Marigold, R Said, C Allen, S Evans, S Egerton, J Hakkak, R Lampard, S Tsang, R Creeden, I Gartrell, F Price, J Pryor, A Hedges, L Moseley, L Mercer, E Warburton, D Handley, S Finlay, N Hannon, A Espanol, H Markus, D Chandrasena, J Sesay, D Hayden, H Hayhoe, J Macdonald, M Bolton, C Farron, E Amis, D Day, A Culbert, L Whitehead, S Crisp, J OConnell, E Osborne, R Beard, P Corrigan, L Mokoena, M Myint, R Krishnamurthy, A Azim, S Whitworth, A Nicolson, M Krasinska-Chavez, J Imam, S Chaplin, J Curtis, L Wood, A Byrne, C McGhee, A Smart, F Donaldson, J Blackburn, C Copeland, P Fitzsimmons, G Fletcher, A Manoj, P Cox, L Trainor, H Allsop, U Sukys, S Valentine, D Jarrett, K Dodsworth, M Wands, C Watkinson, W Golding, J Tandy, K Yip, C James, Y Davies, A Suttling, K Nagaratnam, N Mannava, N Haque, N Shields, K Preston, G Mason, K Short, G Uitenbosch, G Lumsdale, H Emsley, S Sultan, B Walmsley, D Doyle, A McLoughlin, L Hough, B Gregary, S Raj, A Maney, S Blane, G Gamble, A Hague, B Duran, R Whiting, M Harvey, J Homan, L Foote, L Graham, C Lane, L Kemp, J Rowe, H Durman, L Brotherton, N Hunt, A Whitcher, C Pawley, P Sutton, S Mcdonald, D Pak, A Wiltshire, J Balami, C Self, J Jagger, G Healey, M Crofts, A Chakrabarti, C Hmu, J Keshet-Price, G Ravenhill, C Grimmer, T Soe, I Potter, P Tam, M Langley, M Christie, J Irvine, A Joyson, F Annison, D Christie, C Meneses, V Taylor, J Furnace, H Gow, J Reid, Y Abousleiman, S Goshawk, J Purcell, T Beadling, S Collins, S Sangaralingham, E Munuswamy Vaiyapuri, M Landicho, Y Begum, S Mutton, J Lowe, I Wiggam, S Tauro, S Cuddy, B Wells, A Mohd Nor, N Persad, M Weinling, S Weatherby, D Lashley, A Pace, A Mucha, J Baker, M Marner, J Westcott, N Wilmshurst, D Chadha, M Fairweather, D Walstow, R Fong, M Krishnan, H Thompson Jones, C Lynda, C Clements, T Anjum, S Sharon, D Lynne, S Tucker, D Colwill, E Vasileiadis, A Parry, C Mason, M Holden, K Petrides, T Nishiyama, H Mehta, S Mumani, C Almadenboyle, S Carson, M Stirling, E Tenbruck, D Broughton, A Annamalai, D Tryambake, A Skotnicka, A Sigsworth, S Whitehouse, J Pagan, A Pusalkar, H Beadle, K Chan, P Dangri, A Asokanathan, A Rana, S Gohil, K Crabtree, A Cook, M Massyn, P Aruldoss, S Dabbagh, T Black, C Clarke, R Fennelly, L Nardone, V DiMartino, A Anthony, D Mead, M Tribbeck, B Affley, C Sunderland, E Young, L Goldenberg, P Wilkinson, L Abbott, R Nari, S Lock, A Shakhon, R Pereira, M DSouza, S Dunn, N Cron, A Mckenna, R Sivakumar, S Cook, J Ngeh, R Saksena, J Ketley-O'Donel, R Needle, E Chinery, L Howaniec, C Watchurst, R Erande, M Brezitski, N Passeron, E Elliott, N Oji, D Austin, A Banaras, C Hogan, T Corbett, M Kidd, G Hull, S Punekar, J Nevinson, H Penney, W Wareing, N Hayes, K Bunworth, L Connell, K Mahawish, G Drummond, N Sengupta, M Metiu, C Gonzalez, J Margalef, S Funnell, G Peters, I Chadbourn, H Proeschel, P Ashcroft, S Sharpe, P Cook, D Jenkinson, D Kelly, H Bray, G Gunathilagan, S Tilbey, S Abubakar, A Rajapakse, A Nasar, J Janbieh, L Otter, I Wynter, S Haigh, R Boulton, J Burgoyne, A Boulton, J Vassallo, A Hasan, L Orrell, S Qamar, D Leonard, E Hewitt, M Haque, J Awolesi, E Bradshaw, A Kent, A Hynes, E Nurse, S Raza, U Pallikona, B Edwards, G Morgan, H Tench, R Loosley, K Dennett, T Trugeon-Smith, D Robson, R Rayessa, A Abdul-Hamid, V Lowthorpe, K Mitchelson, E Clarkson, H Rhian, R Kirthivasan, J Topliffe, R Keskeys, F McNeela, E Bohannan, L Cooper, G Zachariah, F Cairns, T James, L Fergey, S Smolen, A Lyle, E Cannon, S Omer, S Mavinamane, S Meenakshisundaram, L Ranga, J Bate, M Hargreaves, S Dealing, S Amlani, G Gulli, M Hawkes-Blackburn, L Francis, S Holland, A Peacocke, J Amero, M Burova, O Speirs, S Brotheridge, S Al Hussayni, H Lyon, C Hare, J Featherstone, M Goorah, J Walford, D Rusk, D Sutton, F Patel, S Duberley, K Hayes, E Ahmed El Nour, S Dyer, E Temlett, J Paterson, S Honour, C Box, R Furness, E Orugun, H Crowther, R Glover, C Brewer, S Thornthwaite, M Sein, K Haque, L Bailey, E Gibson, L Brookes, K Rotchell, K Waltho, C Lindley, P Harlekar, C Culmsee, L Booth, J Ritchie, N Mackenzie, J Barker, M Haley, D Cotterill, L Lane, D Simmons, R Warinton, G Saunders, H Dymond, S Kidd, C Little, Y Neves-Silva, B Nevajda, M Villaruel, U Umasankar, A Man, N Gadi, N Christmas, R Ladner, R Rangasamy, G Butt, W Alvares, M Power, S Hagan, K Dynan, D Wilson, S Crothers, B Wroath, G Douris, D Vahidassr, B Gallen, C McGoldrick, M Bhattad, J Putteril, R Gallifent, E Makanju, M Lepore, C McRedmond, L Arundell, A Goulding, K Kawafi, P Jacob, L Turner, N Saravanan, L Johnson, D Morse, R Namushi, S Humphrey, M Salehin, S Tinsley, T Jones, L Garcia-Alen, L Kalathil, N Gautam, J Horton, J Meir, E Margerum, A Ritchings, K Amor, V Nadarajan, J Laurence, S Fung Lo, S Melander, P Nicholas, E Woodford, G McKenzie, V Le, J Crause, P OMahony, C Orefo, C McDonald, E Osikominu, G Appiatse, A Wardale, M Augustin, R Luder, M Bhargava, G Bhome, V Johnson, D Chesser, H Bridger, E Murali, A Burns, J Graham, M Duffy, E Pitcher, J Gaylard, J Newman, S Punnoose, S Oakley, V Murray, C Bent, R Walker, K Purohit, A Rees, S Besley, O Chohan, L Argandona, L Cuenoud, H Hassan, E Erumere, A OCallaghan, O Redjep, G Auld, P Gompertz, A Song, R Hungwe, H Kabash, T Tarkas, G Livingstone, F Butler, S Bradfield, L Gordon, J Schmit, A Wijewardane, C Medcalf, T Edmunds, R Wills, and C Peixoto
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Medicine - Abstract
Objectives Informing research participants of the results of studies in which they took part is viewed as an ethical imperative. However, there is little guidance in the literature about how to do this. The Fluoxetine Or Control Under Supervision trial randomised 3127 patients with a recent acute stroke to 6 months of fluoxetine or placebo and was published in the Lancet on 5 December 2018. The trial team decided to inform the participants of the results at exactly the same time as the Lancet publication, and also whether they had been allocated fluoxetine or placebo. In this report, we describe how we informed participants of the results.Design In the 6-month and 12-month follow-up questionnaires, we invited participants to provide an email address if they wished to be informed of the results of the trial. We re-opened our trial telephone helpline between 5 December 2018 and 31 March 2019.Setting UK stroke services.Participants 3127 participants were randomised. 2847 returned 6-month follow-up forms and 2703 returned 12-month follow-up forms; the remaining participants had died (380), withdrawn consent or did not respond.Results Of those returning follow-up questionnaires, a total of 1845 email addresses were provided and a further 50 people requested results to be sent by post. Results were sent to all email and postal addresses provided; 309 emails were returned unrecognised. Seventeen people replied, of whom three called the helpline and the rest responded by email.Conclusion It is feasible to disseminate results of large trials to research participants, though only around 60% of those randomised wanted to receive the results. The system we developed was efficient and required very little resource, and could be replicated by trialists in the future.Trial registration number ISRCTN83290762; Post-results.
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- 2020
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46. Gastrointestinal endoscopy during the coronavirus pandemic in the New York area: results from a multi-institutional survey
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Srihari Mahadev, Olga C. Aroniadis, Luis H. Barraza, Emil Agarunov, Michael S. Smith, Adam J. Goodman, Petros C. Benias, Jonathan M. Buscaglia, Seth A. Gross, Franklin Kasmin, Jonathan Cohen, David L. Carr-Locke, David Greenwald, Robin Mendelsohn, Amrita Sethi, and Tamas A. Gonda
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and study aims The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and measures taken to mitigate its impact, have profoundly affected the clinical care of gastroenterology patients and the work of endoscopy units. We aimed to describe the clinical care delivered by gastroenterologists and the type of procedures performed during the early to peak period of the pandemic. Methods Endoscopy leaders in the New York region were invited to participate in an electronic survey describing operations and clinical service. Surveys were distributed on April 7, 2020 and responses were collected over the following week. A follow-up survey was distributed on April 20, 2020. Participants were asked to report procedure volumes and patient characteristics, as well protocols for staffing and testing for COVID-19. Results Eleven large academic endoscopy units in the New York City region responded to the survey, representing every major hospital system. COVID patients occupied an average of 54.5 % (18 – 84 %) of hospital beds at the time of survey completion, with 14.5 % (2 %-23 %) of COVID patients requiring intensive care. Endoscopy procedure volume and the number of physicians performing procedures declined by 90 % (66 %-98 %) and 84.5 % (50 %-97 %) respectively following introduction of restricted practice. During this period the most common procedures were EGDs (7.9/unit/week; 88 % for bleeding; the remainder for foreign body and feeding tube placement); ERCPs (5/unit/week; for cholangitis in 67 % and obstructive jaundice in 20 %); Colonoscopies (4/unit/week for bleeding in 77 % or colitis in 23 %) and least common were EUS (3/unit/week for tumor biopsies). Of the sites, 44 % performed pre-procedure COVID testing and the proportion of COVID-positive patients undergoing procedures was 4.6 % in the first 2 weeks and up to 19.6 % in the subsequent 2 weeks. The majority of COVID-positive patients undergoing procedures underwent EGD (30.6 % COVID +) and ERCP (10.2 % COVID +). Conclusions COVID-19 has profoundly impacted the operation of endoscopy units in the New York region. Our data show the impact of a restricted emergency practice on endoscopy volumes and the proportion of expected COVID positive cases during the peak time of the pandemic.
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- 2020
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47. Full-thickness resection device (FTRD) for treatment of upper gastrointestinal tract lesions: the first international experience
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Kaveh Hajifathalian, Yervant Ichkhanian, Qais Dawod, Alexander Meining, Arthur Schmidt, Nicholas Glaser, Kia Vosoughi, David L. Diehl, Ian S. Grimm, Theodore James, Adam W. Templeton, Jason B. Samarasena, Nabil El Hage Chehade, John G. Lee, Kenneth J. Chang, Meir Mizrahi, Mohammed Barawi, Shayan Irani, Shai Friedland, Paul Korc, Abdul Aziz Aadam, Mohammad Al-Haddad, Thomas E. Kowalski, George Smallfield, Gregory G. Ginsberg, Norio Fukami, Michael Lajin, Nikhil A. Kumta, Shou-jiang Tang, Yehia Naga, Stuart K. Amateau, Franklin Kasmin, Martin Goetz, Stefan Seewald, Vivek Kumbhari, Saowanee Ngamruengphong, Srihari Mahdev, Saurabh Mukewar, Kartik Sampath, David L. Carr-Locke, Mouen A. Khashab, and Reem Z. Sharaiha
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and study aims The Full-Thickness Resection Device (FTRD) provides a novel treatment option for lesions not amenable to conventional endoscopic resection techniques. There are limited data on the efficacy and safety of FTRD for resection of upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lesions. Patients and methods This was an international multicenter retrospective study, including patients who had an endoscopic resection of an upper GIT lesion using the FTRD between January 2017 and February 2019. Results Fifty-six patients from 13 centers were included. The most common lesions were mesenchymal neoplasms (n = 23, 41 %), adenomas (n = 7, 13 %), and hamartomas (n = 6, 11 %). Eighty-four percent of lesions were located in the stomach, and 14 % in the duodenum. The average size of lesions was 14 mm (range 3 to 33 mm). Deployment of the FTRD was technically successful in 93 % of patients (n = 52) leading to complete and partial resection in 43 (77 %) and 9 (16 %) patients, respectively. Overall, the FTRD led to negative histological margins (R0 resection) in 38 (68 %) of patients. A total of 12 (21 %) mild or moderate adverse events (AEs) were reported. Follow-up endoscopy was performed in 31 patients (55 %), on average 88 days after the procedure (IQR 68–138 days). Of these, 30 patients (97 %) did not have any residual or recurrent lesion on endoscopic examination and biopsy, with residual adenoma in one patient (3 %). Conclusions Our results suggest a high technical success rate and an acceptable histologically complete resection rate, with a low risk of AEs and early recurrence for FTRD resection of upper GIT lesions.
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- 2020
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48. Use of ERCP in the United States over the past decade
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Paul T. Kröner, Mohammad Bilal, Ronald Samuel, Shifa Umar, Marwan S. Abougergi, Frank J. Lukens, Massimo Raimondo, and David L. Carr-Locke
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and study aims With newer imaging modalities, indications for use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) have changed in the last decade. Despite advances in ERCP, paucity in recent literature regarding utilization and outcomes of ERCP exists. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the inpatient use of ERCP, outcomes, and most common indications. Patients and methods Retrospective-cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2007–2016. All patients with ICD9–10CM procedural codes for ERCP were included. The primary outcome was the use of ERCP. Secondary outcomes included determining procedural specifics (stenting, sphincterotomy and dilation), complications (post-ERCP pancreatitis [PEP], bile duct perforation), hospital length of stay, total hospital costs and charges. Multivariate regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders. Results A total of 1,606,850 patients underwent inpatient ERCP. The mean age was 59 years (60 % female). The total number of ERCPs increased over the last decade. Patients undergoing ERCP in 2016 had greater odds of undergoing bile duct stent placement, pancreatic duct (PD) stenting, biliary dilation, pancreatic sphincterotomy, PEP and biliary perforation. Inpatient mortality decreased. Hospital charges increased, while length of stay (LOS) decreased. Conclusions The number of ERCPs increased in the past decade. Odds of therapeutic interventions and complications increased. The most common principal diagnoses were choledocholithiasis and gallstone-related AP. Hence, physicians must be aware to promptly diagnose and treat complications. These findings may reflect the increased case complexity and fact that ERCP continues to evolve into an increasingly interventional tool, contrasting from its former role as a predominantly diagnostic and gallstone extraction tool.
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- 2020
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49. Effects of sexual harassment on advancement of women in academic medicine: A multi-institutional longitudinal study
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Anita Raj, Karen M. Freund, Jennifer M. McDonald, and Phyllis L. Carr
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Sexual harassment of women in academic medicine may impede advancement and productivity. This study analyzes the longitudinal effects of sexual harassment on academic advancement and productivity among women. Methods: We undertook a longitudinal analysis to predict effects of sexual harassment reported in 1995 on career outcomes measured in 2012–13, among a sample of women in academic medicine (N = 1273) recruited from 24 U.S. medical schools. Measures included survey data from 1995 on sexual harassment (predictor), and 2012–2013 data on retention in academic medicine, rank, leadership positions, and refereed publications (outcomes), captured from surveys and public records. We used multivariable models to test effects of sexual harassment on study outcomes, adjusting for socio-demographics, employment-related variables, and gender discrimination. Findings: In 1995, 54% of women reported any workplace sexual harassment, and 32% of women reported severe harassment (e.g., threats or coercive sexual advances) in the workplace. Multivariable regression models showed no significant effects of sexual harassment. However, severe sexual harassment was associated with higher odds of attaining full professorship by 2012–2013 (AOR: 1·70; 95% CI 1·03, 2·80; p = 0·04). Interpretation: Contrary to our hypothesis, women reporting severe workplace harassment in 1995 were more rather than less likely to advance to full professor. Women seeking advancement may be more vulnerable to sexual harassment in academic medicine vis a vis greater exposure to those who abuse their position of authority. Funding: NIvH R01GM088470; Doris Duke Foundation 2016D007145; BMGF OPP1163682 Keywords: Sexual harassment, Academic medicine, Faculty, Gender discrimination
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- 2020
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50. Implementing medicare education for medication access: A review of the literature using the RE-AIM framework
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Julie B. Cooper, Alice Scotti, and Megan L. Carr
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Medication Therapy Management ,Humans ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacy ,Medicare ,Pharmacists ,United States ,Health Services Accessibility ,Aged ,Medication Adherence - Abstract
The rising cost of medications has a disproportionate effect on community-dwelling older adults despite policy changes designed to improve medication access. Medicare insurance counseling provided by pharmacists, including individualized plan comparison and enrollment assistance, improves medication adherence and health care utilization, yet only 15% of community dwelling older adults report using a pharmacy or pharmacist for Medicare information. To determine what information is available to inform expanding implementation of pharmacy as a resource for Medicare insurance counseling, a systematic review of published studies using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework was conducted.Articles meeting inclusion criteria were identified through a literature search using PubMed and GoogleScholar; 27 pharmacy Medicare insurance counseling studies were identified representing 13 unique programs in clinical, community outreach, and community pharmacy settings. Each article was coded by two researchers using the RE-AIM Coding Sheet for Publications and the extent of RE-AIM dimension reporting was determined using descriptive statistics at the program level. Discussions were used to arrive at coding consensus and concordance was measured with Krippendorff's alpha.Across all studies (15 quasi experimental, 10 analytical case reports, and 2 case reports) more than half of the programs reported framework component dimensions for Reach (69%), Adoption (58%), Implementation (54%), and Maintenance (54%), and fewer than half reported comprehensively on Effectiveness (44%). Ten studies in 7 of 13 programs reported estimated out-of-pocket cost savings. Two studies measured patient-centered outcomes: medication adherence by proportion of days covered (PDC) and health care utilization by hospital admissions and emergency department visits. Gaps in the external validity of pharmacy Medicare education programs were identified including staff participation rates, methods to identify participating settings and program costs.Based on this review, current research on pharmacy Medicare education is insufficient to guide broad implementation. Additional studies are needed to determine how Medicare education integrating pharmacists and pharmacies can be implemented to address cost-related non-adherence for community dwelling older adults.
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- 2023
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