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1. Older Adults in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Trials: A Systematic Review

Author

L. Bouchet, Z. Sager, A. Yrondi, N. Kabir, B. Anderson, S. Ross, P. Petridis, and Y. Beaussant

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Growing clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies has led to a second wave of research involving psilocybin, LSD, MDMA and other substances. Data suggests that these compounds have the potential to treat mental health conditions that are especially prevalent in older adults such as depression, anxiety, existential distress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Objectives The goal of this study was to quantify the prevalence of older adults enrolled in psychedelic clinical trials and explore safety data in this population. Methods A systematic review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Search criteria included all trials published in English using psychedelic substances to treat psychiatric conditions, including addiction as well as existential distress related to serious illness. Articles were identified from literature searches on PubMed, EBSCO and EMBASE. Results 4,376 manuscripts were identified, of which 505 qualified for further review, with 36 eventually meeting eligibility criteria. Of the 1,400 patients enrolled in the 36 studies, only 19 were identified as 65 or older, representing less than 1.4% of all trial participants. For 10 of these 19 older adults, detailed safety data was obtained. No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred in any older adults and only transient mild-to-moderate AEs related to anxiety, gastrointestinal upset, and hypertension were reported during the psychedelic dosing sessions. Conclusions While existing data in older adults is limited, it suggests that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is safe and well tolerated in older adults. Therefore, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy should be more rigorously investigated for the treatment of psychiatric conditions in this population. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Published
2024
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2. Français sur objectif universitaire: quand la coopération entre pairs s’invite dans les amphis

Author

Karine Ј.-L. Bouchet

Subjects
Français sur objectif universitaire, prise de notes, collaboration, coopération entre pairs, cours magistraux, Education
Abstract

Cet article revient sur les principaux résultats de notre recherche doctorale, menée dans le domaine du Français sur Objectif Universitaire – sous champ du Français Langue Étrangère centré sur les besoins du public allophone en contexte académique. L’objectif de notre étude est de questionner une pratique pédagogique nouvelle en matière d’accompagnement des étudiants allophones: à travers la mise en place d’un dispositif collaboratif de prise de notes implémenté au sein des amphithéâtres, nous proposons de faire sortir l’accompagnement linguistique et méthodologique de la classe de langue, pour le situer au plus près des enseignements disciplinaires. Cette recherche-action, qualitative et à visée compréhensive, s’appuie sur une combinaison de données observables (prises de notes des étudiants) et expérientielles (entretiens et questionnaires) pour cerner les difficultés rencontrées par ce public allophone et questionner les potentialités d’une telle pratique collaborative. Nous revenons ici sur les potentialités de cette innovation dans le développement de stratégies d’apprentissage différenciées chez les apprenants, sur la qualité des supports de prise de notes produits de manière coopérative, et sur le développement progressif d’un « sentiment de communauté », en tant que moteur et condition de cette collaboration.

Published
2019
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4. Internal Validation of the ForenSeq Kintelligence Kit for Application to Forensic Genetic Genealogy

Author

Michelle A. Peck, Alexander F. Koeppel, Erin M. Gorden, Jessica L. Bouchet, Mary C. Heaton, David A. Russell, Carmen R. Reedy, Christina M. Neal, and Stephen D. Turner

Subjects
Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Forensic Genetic Genealogy (FGG) requires high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiles to infer distant relationships. The ForenSeq Kintelligence kit is a recently developed method targeting approximately 10,000 SNPs that were selected to be compatible with genetic genealogy databases, while avoiding medically relevant SNPs. The targeted PCR method is ideal for low input and degraded samples, which are particularly challenging for microarray analysis. We made modifications to library preparation and sample pooling to further enhance the performance of low input samples. To align this FGG method with forensic laboratory standards, we performed an internal validation study in accordance with the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods Validation Guidelines for DNA Analysis Methods. The sensitivity and precision and accuracy studies produced accurate and reliable profiles down to 0.05 ng of DNA. The mixture and contamination studies demonstrated that the method could detect the presence of a minor contributor down to 0.02 ng, while system wide contamination was negligible. Nonprobative bone, fired shell casing, and adhesive tape samples performed well with inputs ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 ng of DNA. A bone with a high degradation index and tested at 0.1 ng DNA input resulted in a call rate of 92.9% and a heterozygosity rate of 0.387. We demonstrated the importance of both call rate and heterozygosity rate to assess profile performance. Validating FGG methods is critical to ensuring the reliability and utility of SNP profiles that will be uploaded to genetic genealogy databases for the purpose of generating investigative leads.

Published
2022
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5. On-ground calibration highlights for the SVOM/ECLAIRs camera

Author

Olivier Godet, J.-L Atteia, C. Amoros, P. Roger, L. Bouchet, J.-P Dezalay, M. Yassine, B. Arcier, S. Bordon, K. Lacombe, E. Lecomte, M. Llamas, S. Maestre, W. Marty, Stéphane Papais, P. Ramon, C. Verdeil, V. Waegebaert, S. Schanne, N. Dagoneau, F. Chateau, P. Kestener, H. Le Provost, C. Tahoulan, B. Cordier, Th. Tourrette, F. Daly, H. Triou, A. Coleiro, A. Goldwurm, C. Lachaud, P. Guillemot, J-M. Mouret, M.-C. Charmeau, L. Perraud, F. Bousquet, Y. Cervantes, Ph. Gasc, H. Pasquier, L. Perrin, M. Ruellan, O. Simonella, and M. Yadallee

Published
2022
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6. INTEGRAL results on the electron-positron annihilation radiation and X-ray & Gamma-ray diffuse emission of the Milky Way

Author

Sergey Sazonov, Thomas Siegert, R. A. Sunyaev, Jürgen Knödlseder, L. Bouchet, Elisabeth Jourdain, Eugene Churazov, Jean-Pierre Roques, P. Jean, Andrew W. Strong, Roman Krivonos, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, Electron–positron annihilation, Compton scattering, Gamma ray, Bremsstrahlung, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Positronium, Positron, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

This review summarizes INTEGRAL results on two topics: the electron-positron annihilation line and X-ray & Gamma-ray diffuse emission of the Milky Way. The electron-positron annihilation line at 511 keV is the most prominent spectral feature in the gamma-ray spectrum of the Milky Way. From the observational perspective, INTEGRAL has already provided constraints on the total flux, morphology of the annihilation line distribution, the spectral shape of the line and the strength of the three-photon annihilation continuum. In particular, the most salient morphological feature in the all-sky map of the annihilation emission based on INTEGRAL data is the so-called ”Bulge” component, with the characteristic size of ∼ 6 − 10 ∘ and the positrons’ annihilation rate of ∼ 10 43 s − 1 . A more extended ”Disc” component is also present, although its total luminosity is model dependent. The brightness of the Bulge component compared to the Disc is in contrast with other multi-wavelength images of the Milky Way. The annihilation spectrum consists of a line centered at 511 keV and the ortho-positronium continuum. The strength of the latter indicates that the majority of annihilations go via the positronium formation channel. The shape of the annihilation spectrum is consistent with the assumption that most of the positrons annihilate in a warm and partly ionized medium, although more complicated scenarios are also possible. From the theoretical point of view, a successful model should answer three main questions: (i) physical mechanism(s) responsible for production of positrons, (ii) positrons spatial migration (if any) from the production sites, and (iii) physics of annihilation. Remarkably, despite significant progress provided by INTEGRAL in the characterization of the Milky Way annihilation emission, the origin of positrons remains an open question. The essence of the problem is the abundance of positron production channels and the uncertainty in the distance positrons can travel before annihilation. The spectral-imaging mapping of the Milky Way by INTEGRAL provides important constraints on the nature of the Galactic diffuse continuum hard X-rays and soft gamma-rays in the 20 keV – 2 MeV band. Below ~ 60 keV, numerous unresolved objects (accreting white dwarfs) dominate the flux, but their contribution fades away at higher energies. Models of cosmic-ray induced emission suggest that the dominant diffuse component above ~ 60 keV (excluding annihilation emission) is inverse Compton scattering from GeV electrons on interstellar radiation fields. Non-thermal bremsstrahlung contributes at a lower level. These models are consistent with the continuum spectrum observed by INTEGRAL and COMPTEL.

Published
2020
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7. Spectral performance of ECLAIRs flight detectors on SVOM mission

Author

B. Houret, O. Gevin, O. Godet, K. Lacombe, C. Amoros, P. Ramon, V. Waegebaert, B. Cordier, Jean-Luc Atteia, Ph. Guillemot, F. Gonzalez, J.-P. Dezalay, Olivier Limousin, L. Bouchet, R. Pons, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Radioactive source, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Schottky diode, Astronomy and Astrophysics, High voltage, Spectral performance, GRB, Modular design, Low energy threshold, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Space mission, Semiconductor detector, CdTe detectors, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral resolution, 010306 general physics, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Voltage
Abstract

The hard X-ray imager of the Sino-French SVOM mission, called ECLAIRs, is dedicated to the detection and near real time localization of cosmic transients in the 4 − 150 keV energy range. ECLAIRs is a wide-field camera using a detection plane consisting of 6400 Schottky CdTe detectors, which makes images of the hard X-ray sky thanks to a coded mask. The detection plane is highly modular, being made of 200 hybrid modules of 4 x 8 pixels (called “XRDPIX”). Based on both an extremely low noise design and the use of innovative technologies, the ECLAIRs instrument will achieve the unprecedented low-energy threshold of 4 keV over the entire detection plane. The CdTe semiconductor detectors of 4 × 4 mm2 size and 1 mm thickness are biased with a high voltage going to − 450 V , and regulated at − 20 ∘ C to minimize the leakage current and maximize the polarization time due to Schottky barrier lowering. The low-energy threshold required for the space mission is achieved thanks to an extensive characterization of the elements constituting the XRDPIX modules. In this paper, we introduce the astrophysical context that led to the design of the mission, with an emphasis on the study of GRBs with ECLAIRs. We provide a detailed description of the XRDPIX hybrid modules, and we explain the experimental setup used for testing and qualifying 45 flight models. We present the results of the measurements performed to validate the module performance with a radioactive source of Americium 241. We study the spectral resolution, the low energy threshold, the gain of the detectors, and their counting performance. We also present two side studies concerning the impact of low temperatures and the stability of the performance over time. To conclude, we propose optimal settings for two key configuration parameters: the high voltage bias and the peaking time, that permit obtaining the challenging 4 keV energy threshold required for the SVOM mission.

Published
2018
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8. Efficacité de la programmation des cycles FIV en antagonistes par les estrogènes

Author

J. L. Bouchet, A. Guivarc’h-Levêque, D. Colleu, L. Moy, P.-L. Broux, G. Priou, P. Arvis, and J. Vialard

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine
Abstract

Resume Objectif Evaluer l’efficacite d’une programmation par les estrogenes des cycles de fecondation in vitro (FIV) avec antagonistes en les comparant au cycle classique long luteal utilisant des agonistes de la GnRH. Patientes et methodes Etude prospective randomisee comparant 426 cycles dans le bras estrogenes-antagonistes et 412 cycles dans les bras agonistes longs. Dans le bras estrogenes-antagonistes, l’estrogene (4 mg/j) qui debute au 25e j du cycle precedent est poursuivi pendant les regles jusqu’au jour du debut de la stimulation entre le jeudi et le dimanche, independamment du premier jour des regles. Le protocole agoniste long luteal utilise le Decapeptyl® 0,1 mg debute au 20e jour du cycle precedent. Resultats Nos deux populations etaient comparables. Aucune ponction dans les deux bras n’a ete realisee le dimanche. Nous avons obtenu significativement moins d’ovocytes (6,8 ± 5,3 versus 7,6 ± 5,7) et d’embryons (3,7 ± 3,2 versus 4,1 ± 3,6) dans le bras estrogenes-antagonistes par rapport au bras agonistes longs. Le taux de grossesse evolutive a ete, en revanche, equivalent dans les deux groupes (bras estrogenes-antagonistes : 28,6 % et bras agonistes : 27,9 %) et 37 % versus 34,8 % respectivement lorsque le transfert comprenait au moins un embryon top. Discussion et conclusion La programmation des cycles par estrogenes-antagonistes est simple a mettre en œuvre, donne des resultats equivalents en termes de grossesse par rapport a une programmation classique par agonistes long tout en permettant une organisation de l’activite du centre.

Published
2010
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9. INTEGRALSPI All‐Sky View in Soft Gamma Rays: A Study of Point‐Source and Galactic Diffuse Emission

Author

Francois Lebrun, Regis Terrier, J. P. Roques, Roland Diehl, Andrew W. Strong, E. Jourdain, L. Bouchet, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INTEGRAL, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Galactic ridge, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Halo, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

We have processed the data accumulated with INTEGRAL SPI during 4 years (~ 51 Ms) to study the Galactic ``diffuse'' emission morphology in the 20 keV to 8 MeV energy range. To achieve this objective, we have derived simultaneously an all-sky census of emitting sources and images of the Galactic Ridge (GR) emission. In the central radian, the resolved point source emission amounts to 88%, 91% and 68% of the total emission in the 25-50, 50-100 and 100-300 keV domains respectively. We have compared the GR emission spatial distribution to those obtained from CO and NIR maps, and quantified our results through latitude and longitude profiles. Below 50 keV, the SPI data are better traced by the latter, supporting a stellar origin for this emission. Furthermore, we found that the GR emission spectrum follows a power law with a photon index ~ 1.55 above 50 keV while an additional component is required below this energy. This component shows a cutoff around 30 keV, reinforcing a stellar origin, as proposed by Krivonos et al. (2007). The annihilation diffuse emission component is extracted simultaneously, leading to the determination of the related parameters (positronium flux and fraction). A specific discussion is devoted to the annihilation line distribution since a significant emission is detected over a region as large as ~80 degrees by ~10 degrees potentially associated with the disk or halo surrounding the central regions of our Galaxy., 28 pages, 10 figures. Astrophysical journal (accepted for publication)

Published
2008
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10. Introducing the CTA concept

Author

A. Mathieu, R. G. Wagner, K. Panagiotidis, S Rosier Lees, Julien Rousselle, M. Gómez Berisso, Michela Uslenghi, Stephen Maxfield, R. C. Shellard, Ivica Puljak, T. Le Flour, Thomas Schanz, Tobias C. Walther, Juanan Aguilar, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, N. Fouque, Mosè Mariotti, G. Fontaine, Merja Tornikoski, V. Diez-Blanco, Enrico Giro, A. Krepps, G. Koss, J. M. Martin, Sergio Billotta, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Keitaro Takahashi, S. Buson, P. Brook, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, Joseph Silk, Sera Markoff, P. Lubinski, U. Schwanke, Sauvik Bhattacharyya, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, C. Zurbach, H. Wetteskind, R. Hermel, J. Darling, J. Nicolau-Kukliński, Konstancja Satalecka, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, P. Conconi, S. Bajtlik, Lukasz Stawarz, J. M. Paredes, K. Reitberger, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, David Kieda, G. Pareschi, Shigeto Kabuki, Makoto Sawada, Antonio Stamerra, Rodolfo Canestrari, N. Baby, G. Crimi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, R. Zanin, I. K. Kominis, L. Mc Comb, R. Sternberger, M. Fesquet, M. Tokarz, David Fink, Daniela Dorner, N. Hamer Heras, A. Moralejo Olaizola, M. de Naurois, Diego F. Torres, Claes Fransson, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, L. Fresnillo, B. García, R. Kossakowski, A. Masserot, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Saggion, G. Papyan, I. Mrusek, K. Farakos, J. Michałowski, A. Franckowiak, Fernando Martinez, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Michele Doro, L. Sapozhnikov, Claudia Lavalley, D. Thuermann, A.A. Zdziarski, Cristina Knapic, Karen Byrum, N. Neyroud, Petr Schovanek, W. Domainko, D. Kastana, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, F. Sánchez, Alexandre Marcowith, M. Errando, R. L. C. Starling, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, B. B. Singh, Yassir Moudden, Jelena Aleksić, C. L. Naumann, V. Waegebaert, M. Shayduk, U. F. Katz, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, O. Reimann, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vincenzo Testa, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, J. Schäfer, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wawer, L. Nellen, F. Mirabel, Tatsuo Yoshida, P. H. Carton, Nina Nowak, L. Platos, Riccardo Rando, P. P. Krueger, R. Wischnewski, W. Romaszkan, E. Fede, Martino Marisaldi, Markus Gaug, Richard Willingale, J. H. Buckley, U. De AlmeidaBarres, J. Knapp, Saverio Lombardi, D. della Volpe, A. Herrero, A. Bottani, E. Delagnes, Martin J. Hardcastle, C. Morello, Anna Lipniacka, T. Greenshaw, M. Renaud, Giancarlo Cusumano, Jonathan Biteau, M. Sowiński, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, T. B. Humensky, Michael G. Richer, G. Parks, G. Grasseau, H. Baba, Gino Tosti, Damir Lelas, H. Krawzcynski, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, R. Dickherber, P. Ferrando, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, Hideaki Katagiri, T. Shibata, Fuyuki Tokanai, N. A. McCubbin, J. Gomez-Ortega, D. Nakajima, A. Liolios, P. Laporte, Orjan Dale, A. Sillanpää, Dainis Dravins, Timothée Grégoire, Nu. Komin, A. Mihailidis, L. Sidoli, Shiu-Hang Lee, A. W. Chen, J. M. Illa, A. Kuznetsov, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Dominis Prester, Marcos Daniel Actis, Abraham D. Falcone, L. Journet, D. Hadasch, N. Galante, A. 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M., Comb, N., Mccubbin, I., Mchardy, R., Mckay, C., Medina, C., Melioli, D., Melkumyan, S., Mereghetti, P., Mertsch, M., Meucci, J., Michalowski, P., Micolon, A., Mihailidi, T., Mineo, M., Minuti, N., Mirabal, F., Mirabel, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, T., Mizuno, B., Moal, R., Moderski, I., Mognet, E., Molinari, M., Molinaro, T., Montaruli, I., Monteiro, P., Moore, A. M., Olaizola, M., Mordalska, C., Morello, K., Mori, F., Mottez, Y., Moudden, E., Moulin, I., Mrusek, R., Mukherjee, P., Munar Adrover, H., Muraishi, K., Murase, A., Murphy, S., Nagataki, T., Naito, D., Nakajima, T., Nakamori, K., Nakayama, C., Naumann, D., Naumann, M., Naumann Godo, P., Nayman, D., Nedbal, D., Neise, L., Nellen, V., Neustroev, N., Neyroud, L., Nicastro, J., Nicolau Kuklinski, A., Niedzwiecki, J., Niemiec, D., Nieto, A., Nikolaidi, K., Nishijima, S., Nolan, R., Northrop, D., Nosek, N., Nowak, A., Nozato, P., O'Brien, Y., Ohira, M., Ohishi, S., Ohm, H., Ohoka, T., Okuda, A., Okumura, R. 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C., Rannot, M., Rataj, M., Raue, P., Reardon, O., Reimann, A., Reimer, O., Reimer, K., Reitberger, M., Renaud, S., Renner, B., Reville, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, M., Ribordy, M. G., Richer, J., Rico, J., Ridky, F., Rieger, P., Ringegni, J., Ripken, P. R., Ristori, A., Riviere, S., Rivoire, L., Rob, U., Roeser, R., Rohlf, G., Roja, P., Romano, W., Romaszkan, G. E., Romero, S., Rosen, S. R., Lee, D., Ro, G., Rouaix, J., Rousselle, S., Rousselle, A. C., Rovero, F., Roy, S., Royer, B., Rudak, C., Rulten, M., Rupinski, F., Russo, F., Ryde, B., Sacco, E. O., Saemann, A., Saggion, V., Safiakian, K., Saito, T., Saito, Y., Saito, N., Sakaki, R., Sakonaka, A., Salini, F., Sanchez, M., Sanchez Conde, A., Sandoval, H., Sandaker, E., Sant'Ambrogio, A., Santangelo, E. M., Santo, A., Sanuy, L., Sapozhnikov, S., Sarkar, N., Sartore, H., Sasaki, K., Satalecka, M., Sawada, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, M., Scarcioffolo, J., Schafer, T., Schanz, S., Schlenstedt, R., Schlickeiser, T., Schmidt, J., Schmoll, P., Schovanek, M., Schroedter, C., Schultz, J., Schultze, A., Schulz, K., Schure, T., Schwab, U., Schwanke, J., Schwarz, S., Schwarzburg, T., Schweizer, S., Schwemmer, A., Segreto, G. H., Sembroski, K., Seweryn, M., Sharma, M., Shayduk, R. C., Shellard, J., Shi, T., Shibata, A., Shibuya, E., Shum, L., Sidoli, M., Sidz, J., Sieiro, M., Sikora, J., Silk, A., Sillanpaa, B. B., Singh, J., Sitarek, C., Skole, R., Smareglia, A., Smith, D., Smith, J., Smith, N., Smith, D., Sobczynska, H., Sol, G., Sottile, M., Sowinski, F., Spanier, D., Spiga, S., Spyrou, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, R., Starling, L., Stawarz, R., Steenkamp, C., Stegmann, S., Steiner, N., Stergioula, R., Sternberger, M., Sterzel, F., Stinzing, M., Stodulski, U., Straumann, E., Strazzeri, L., Stringhetti, A., Suarez, M., Suchenek, R., Sugawara, K. . ., H., S., Sun, A. D., Supanitsky, T., Suric, P., Sutcliffe, J., Syke, M., Szanecki, T., Szepieniec, A., Szostek, G., Tagliaferri, H., Tajima, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, L., Takalo, H., Takami, C., Talbot, J., Tammi, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, J., Tasan, M., Tavani, L. A., Tejedor, I., Telezhinsky, P., Temnikov, C., Tenzer, Y., Terada, R., Terrier, M., Teshima, V., Testa, D., Tezier, D., Thuermann, L., Tibaldo, O., Tibolla, A., Tiengo, M., Tluczykont, C. J., Todero, F., Tokanai, M., Tokarz, K., Toma, K., Torii, M., Tornikoski, D. F., Torre, M., Torre, G., Tosti, T., Totani, C., Toussenel, G., Tovmassian, P., Travnicek, M., Trifoglio, I., Troyano, K., Tsingano, H., Ueno, K., Umehara, S. S., Upadhya, T., Usher, M., Uslenghi, J. F., Valdes Galicia, P., Vallania, G., Vallejo, W. v., Driel, C. v., Eldik, J., Vandenbrouke, J., Vanderwalt, H., Vankov, G., Vasileiadi, V., Vassiliev, D., Veberic, I., Vega, S., Vercellone, S., Vergani, C., Veyssiere, J. P., Vialle, A., Viana, M., Videla, P., Vincent, S., Vincent, J., Vink, N., Vlahaki, L., Vlaho, P., Vogler, A., Vollhardt, H. . ., P., S., Vorobiov, C., Vuerli, V., Waegebaert, R., Wagner, R. G., Wagner, S., Wagner, S. P., Wakely, R., Walter, T., Walther, K., Warda, R., Warwick, P., Wawer, R., Wawrzaszek, N., Webb, P., Wegner, A., Weinstein, Q., Weitzel, R., Welsing, M., Werner, H., Wetteskind, R., White, A., Wierzcholska, S., Wiesand, M., Wilkinson, D. A., William, R., Willingale, K., Winiarski, R., Wischnewski, L., Wisniewski, M., Wood, A., Woernlein, Q., Xiong, K. K., Yadav, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, R., Yamazaki, S., Yanagita, J. M., Yebra, D., Yelo, A., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, V., Zabalza, M., Zacharia, A., Zajczyk, R., Zanin, A., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zhao, X., Zhou, K., Zietara, J., Ziolkowski, P., Ziolkowski, V., Zitelli, C., Zurbach, P., Zychowski, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CTA, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Físicas, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, TeV GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY, Observatory, Air showers, HESS, Cherenkov Telescopes, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, MISSION, SUPERNOVA REMNANT W44, TELESCOPE, ASTRONOMY, EMISSION, Physics, ta213, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, TeV gamma-ray astronomy, ddc:540, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Air shower, AIR SHOWERS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 0103 physical sciences, Preparatory phase, ta115, TeV gamma-ray astronomy Air showers Cherenkov Telescopes, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CHERENKOV TELESCOPES, Física, Astronomy, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Design study, Telecommunications, business
Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project., La lista completa de autores puede consultarse en el documento o en la página web de la revista., Facultad de Ingeniería

Published
2013
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12. A CMOS microcoil-associated preamplifier for NMR spectroscopy

Author

Brice Sorli, Pierre Morin, Guo-Neng Lu, M. Pitaval, L. Quiquerez, T. Cherifi, Nacer Abouchi, Jean-François Chateaux, and L. Bouchet-Fakri

Subjects
Materials science, Input offset voltage, business.industry, Preamplifier, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Transistor, Impedance matching, 02 engineering and technology, Microcoil, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Magnetic field, CMOS, law, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Voltage
Abstract

For improving sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, an in-field preamplifier in a low-cost CMOS process is presented. It is based on a second-generation positive current conveyor (CCII+), with an impedance-matching output stage. The circuit has been designed with optimization of key performances, such as bandwidth, noise, and offset voltage. There have also been precautions taken against potential effect of strong magnetic field under which the circuit should operate. The designed preamplifier has a voltage gain of 15 dB and a bandwidth of 100 MHz. After fabrication of the circuit, we have carried out testing work, including in-field circuit test and characterization of MOS transistors. Under 2-T magnetic field, there have not been substantial changes in overall circuit performances compared to results obtained by post-layout simulations. For an experiment of NMR measurements with and without in-field preamplifier, the circuit is coupled with a receiver micro-coil. The experiment has been to detect protons at 85.13-MHz resonance frequency under 2-T magnetic field with water sample. The obtained results have shown a 14-dB signal-to-noise ratio improvement when the preamplifier is associated with the receiver coil.

Published
2005
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13. Acid-base / cell physiology

Author

A. C. Braganca, R. L. M. Moreau, A. C. Seguro, M. H. M. Shimizu, D. A. de Jesus, A. J. Magaldi, A. Baffoun, M. Daiiki, M. A. Youssfi, A. Sayeh, N. Idani, J. Hmida, G. Jean, P. Rieu, D. Joly, L. Frantzen, P. Urena, J. L. Bouchet, M. J. Kim, H. S. Choi, E.-S. Ryu, H.-S. Shin, Y.-J. Choi, D.-H. Kang, O. Kurt, F. Bulucu, M. Cakar, F. Yesildal, H. Sarlak, F. Yesildalildal, S. Kim, J. Lee, N. J. Heo, K. Y. Na, and J. S. Han

Subjects
Cell physiology, Transplantation, Biochemistry, Nephrology, business.industry, Medicine, Base (exponentiation), business
Published
2013
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14. Utilisation de dialysats tampon-citrate comme alternative à la tinzaparine sodique chez les patients anticoagulés par voie systémique

Author

J. Bourdenx, Thomas Bachelet, J.-L. Bouchet, P. Martin-Dupont, A. Pommereau, and C. Martinez

Subjects
Nephrology
Abstract

Introduction Une anticoagulation standard avec un INR entre 2 et 3 est consideree comme insuffisante pour prevenir la coagulation du circuit extracorporel de dialyse. Les bains de dialyse substituant le tampon acetate par un tampon citrate (CitA-D) contiennent une concentration en citrate (2,4–3 mEq/L, soit 0,8 a 1 mmol/L) correspondant a un quart de celle utilisee dans les strategies d’anticoagulation regional de dialyse aigue a base de citrate. Nous formulons l’hypothese que le passage des patients anticoagules par voie systemique a un dialysat CitA-D permet de realiser des dialyses sans heparine efficacement. Patients et methodes Il s’agit d’une etude prospective, en cross over, chez des patients en hemodialyse ou hemodiafiltration sous anticoagulation systemique par antivitamine K (AVK) et beneficiant d’une anticoagulation du circuit par tinzaparine sodique a 2500 UI. Le critere principal de jugement etait le nombre de dialyses sans trouble de la coagulation sur le critere de l’etude « HEPZERO » : grade de caillotage Resultats Quinze patients ont ete inclus en cross over avec une phase d’entrainement et d’intervention permettant l’analyse de 633 seances et 283 seances respectivement. Cent soixante-quinze seances ont ete analysees en plus chez 5 autres patients durant la phase d’entrainement et 95 chez 5 autres patients, durant la phase d’intervention pour un total de 782 seances sous tinzaparine et 378 sans tinzaparine avec un dialysat CitA-D. Le critere composite de succes de la seance de dialyse a ete obtenu pour 99,2 % des 782 seances avec tinzaparine vs 96,6 % des 378 seances CitA-D (p Discussion Une seule seance s’est compliquee d’un caillotage grade 4 et de la perte du circuit (0,27 %) et une patiente du groupe cross over est responsable de la majorite des echecs (13/22 ; 59 %). Conclusion La pratique de la dialyse au citrate chez les patients sous AVK est associee a un taux d’evenements thrombotiques mineurs significativement superieur a ce qu’il est chez les memes patients recevant une dose de charge de Tinzaparine. La perte du circuit est exceptionnelle a tel point que le risque peut etre considere comme acceptable.

Published
2016
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15. INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton Observations of the Weak Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 030227

Author

D. Gotz, P. R. den Hartog, A. von Kienlin, J. Borkowski, Niels Lund, Volker Schoenfelder, Volker Beckmann, L. Bouchet, Sandro Mereghetti, W. Hermsen, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Francois Lebrun, C. Winkler, Andrea Tiengo, J. P. Roques, M. Mas Hesse, P. Ubertini, T. J. L. Courvoisier, and J. A. Paul

Subjects
Physics, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Power law, Redshift, Afterglow, Space and Planetary Science, Emission spectrum, Gamma-ray burst, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract

We present INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton observations of the prompt gamma-ray emission and the X-ray afterglow of GRB030227, the first GRB for which the quick localization obtained with the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System (IBAS) has led to the discovery of X-ray and optical afterglows. GRB030227 had a duration of about 20 s and a peak flux of 1.1 photons cm^-2 s^-1 in the 20-200 keV energy range. The time averaged spectrum can be fit by a single power law with photon index about 2 and we find some evidence for a hard to soft spectral evolution. The X-ray afterglow has been detected starting only 8 hours after the prompt emission, with a 0.2-10 keV flux decreasing as t^-1 from 1.3x10e-12 to 5x10e-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1. The afterglow spectrum is well described by a power law with photon index 1.94+/-0.05 modified by a redshifted neutral absorber with column density of several 10e22 cm^-2. A possible emission line at 1.67 keV could be due to Fe for a redshift z=3, consistent with the value inferred from the absorption.

Published
2003
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16. Stratégie de déploiement du blood volume monitoring (BVM®) à l’échelle d’un centre : à la recherche du VSR cible

Author

P. Martin-Dupont, Thomas Bachelet, J. Bourdenx, J.-L. Bouchet, A. Pommereau, C. Martinez, and B. Perrone

Subjects
Nephrology
Abstract

Introduction La variation du volume plasmatique (dV/dt) correspondant a la difference entre le taux d’ultrafiltration (UF) et le remplissage plasmatique depuis le secteur interstitiel (QR). Tant que QR suit le rythme de l’UF, l’hypovolemie est evitee. Les nouveaux generateurs peuvent suivre en direct l’hemoconcentration (estimant le volume sanguin relatif [VSR]) et reguler le taux d’UF en fonction des donnees du VSR (BVM ® - blood volume monitoring , FRESENIUS Machine 5008 ® ). L’utilisation du BVM impose de fixer une limite de VSR. Le concept de VSR « critique » individuel est soumis a une trop grande variabilite pour etre utilise en pratique. Materiels et methodes Afin de pouvoir definir un VSR « cible » a l’echelon individuel, nous avons pratique une etude de population cherchant une relation entre le VSR et la perte de poids (PPT). Resultats En 2012, 125 patients stables ont ete inclus et 835 seances analysees. La PPT moyenne etait de 2,31 kg [min 0,4–max 5,1]. Une fonction puissance relie le VSRf et la PPT : VSRf = 94 × PPT − 0,07 ; r 2 = 0,37. Cette correlation selon une fonction puissance a ete retrouvee dans d’autres populations attestant de sa signification physiologique et cadre avec un modele mathematique de marche aleatoire du VSR. En pratique, pour une UF donnee (PPT), on fixe l’UF maximale (UF-max = [UF totale/3] + 200) et on determine le retrocontrole sur ce VSRf-cible estime par les etudes de population, a partir d’un abaque disponible au lit du malade, et utilise au branchement. Cet abaque relie la PPT et le VSR minimal attendu par le generateur pour le deroulement de l’algorithme de regulation de l’UF selon l’evolution du VSR. L’abaque semble pouvoir s’appliquer quel que soit le profil du patient (en modele de regression penalisee de type « lasso » sur le VSRf comme sur le Delta [VSRf-VSR predit par le modele] : contribution principale negative de la PPT, pas de contribution du sexe, du diabete, du moment de seance, contribution moindre positive du BNP, du poids et de l’âge). L’utilisation du module BVM en systematique a donc ete deployee dans le centre. Discussion Actuellement, partir de l’analyse sur 3 mois de 250 patients et 6214 seances, le BVM est utilise dans 83 % des seances (7 % d’UFminimale, 10 % de refus) avec 60 % des patients rentrant dans le modele (courbe VSR ideale et PPT egale a la valeur souhaitee ± 300 g). Conclusion Le deploiement du BVM est possible pour la majorite des patients a partir d’un abaque fixant pour une UF donnee le VSR cible obtenu a partir des etudes de population et l’UF-max.

Published
2016
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17. Le Blood Volume Monitoring (BVM®) améliore-t-il la tolérance tensionnelle per-dialytique ?

Author

P. Martin-Dupont, J.-L. Bouchet, Thomas Bachelet, A. Pommereau, J. Bourdenx, and C. Martinez

Subjects
Nephrology
Abstract

Introduction La variation du volume plasmatique (dV/dt) correspondant a la difference entre le taux d’ultrafiltration (UF) et le remplissage plasmatique depuis le secteur interstitiel (RP), tant que le RP suit le rythme de l’UF, l’hypovolemie est evitee. L’utilisation du systeme de regulation d’UF des machines Fresenius 5008® (Blood Volume Monitoring[BVM®]) repose sur le deroulement d’un algorithme en fonction des donnees du volume sanguin relatif (VSR). Peu de donnees existent sur l’impact de la generalisation du BVM sur la tolerance tensionnelle. Patients et methodes Entre 2012 et 2014 (deploiement du BVM a l’echelle du centre > 80 %), 9555 et 9042 seances ont ete comparees. Secondairement sur 3 mois, 6020 seances ont ete analysees chez 249 patients sur le niveau de tension arterielle systolique minimale per-dialytique (TASmin). Resultats Entre 2012 et 2014, le nombre d’hypotensions arterielles severes per-dialytiques rapportees (HDI) et la consommation de macromolecules ont significativement diminue (respectivement de 40 % avec 324 (3,4 %) vs 180 (1,9 %) d’HDI et de 70 % interessant 2 % des seances vs 0,7 %). Sur la seconde periode, une analyse en composante principale sur la notion de TASmin (soit 90 mmHg) a ete realisee en integrant les donnees numeriques âge, duree de seance, taux d’UF horaire (UFR), UF finale (UFf), VSR final, BNP, poids, TAS de debut (TASd), variation de [Na], [Prot], [Uree] et osmolarite calculee : en fonction de la composante, on identifie le TASd, le poids, le VSR comme contribuant a une TASmin haute alors que l’UFR, l’UFf et les Delta de protidemie contribuent a une TASmin basse. Dans un modele de regression regularisee de type « elastic net » integrant les types de profils BVM fonction du RP (RP modele 61 %, RP fort 16 %, RP insuffisant 2 %, UF bridee 5 %) : – on confirme l’importance de la TASd sur la TASmin ; – on retrouve un impact ; – de l’âge (prediposant a une TASmin basse) ; – des profils RP fort et RP insuffisant sur le TASmin (respectivement pour une TASmin > ou Discussion Le BVM ne previent pas la survenue d’une TASmin Conclusion Le BVM pourrait guider l’ajustement du poids sec et diminuer les IDH severes.

Published
2016
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18. Review of GRANAT Observations of AGNs

Author

E. M. Churazov, Philippe Laurent, S. A. Grebenev, Marat Gilfanov, Maria Chernyakova, A. Finoguenov, I. Lagunov, Y. Apalkov, Francois Lebrun, J. P. Roques, Arnaud Claret, P. Mandrou, J. Ballet, R. A. Sunyaev, L. Bouchet, and E. Jourdain

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Granat, Broad band, Flux, Astronomy, Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Brief review of AGNs observations in the X-ray / soft gamma-ray bands with the orbital observatory GRANAT is presented.For three well known bright objects (3C273, NGC4151 and Cen A) broad band (3 keV–few hundreds keV) spectra have been obtained. Imaging capabilities allowed accurate (several arcminutes) identification of these objects with sources of hard X-rays.The spectrum of NGC4151 above ≈ 50 keV was found to be much steeper than that in most of the previous observations, while in standard X-ray band the spectrum agrees with observed previously. The comparison of the observed spectra with that of the X-Ray Background (XRB) indicates that sources similar to NGC4151 could reproduce the shape of XRB spectrum in 3–60 keV band.Cen A was observed in the very low state during most of observations in 1990–1993, except for two observations in 1991. The variability of the hard X-ray flux has been detected on the time scales of several days.

Published
1994
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20. Etat nutritionnel et réponse immune chez l'insuffisant rénal chronique

Author

Michel Aparicio, A Pommereau, J. L. Bouchet, and Christian Combe

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
Abstract

Resume L'insuffisance renale chronique est associee a differentes anomalies du systeme immunitaire impliquant a la fois l'immunite specifique et non specifique. Par ailleurs, les patients insuffisants renaux chroniques presentent frequemment des troubles nutritionnels, soit a type de malnutrition proteinoenergetique, soit des carences plus specifiques, telles que des deficits en oligo-elements. Les travaux consacres a l'effet de la correction des troubles nutritionnels sur l'immunite des insuffisants renaux chroniques sont rapportes. Ils montrent qu'une part des anomalies attribuees a l'uremie sont potentiellement reversibles apres correction des anomalies metaboliques secondaires aux carences nutritionnelles. Une meilleure prise en charge nutritionnelle devrait conduire a une diminution de la morbidite associee a l'insuffisance renale chronique, que les patients soient dialyses ou non.

Published
1993
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22. Contents, Vol. 57, 1991

Author

Saime Paydas, Hiroaki Watanabe, D. Raichvarg, Nobuhiro Sugino, Lodewijk Th. Vlasveld, I. Odar-Cederlöf, Kazuyuki Suzuki, Lida Sánchez, Kar Neng Lai, Sweder van Asbeck, C. Solozabal, Jacki Ben-Ari, Homan van der Heide, Celestino Palomino, Lillian Lupinacci, C.M. Kjellstrand, Martino Marangella, Eiichi Nakao, Akitoshi Ando, Yukio Matsumoto, F. Maduell, Masahiro Umeda, F. Mancianti, Patrick Niaudet, Amedeo DeVecchi, Petar Alaupovic, Gerard F. Murphy, John Walls, Mustafa Karademir, A.J.M. Donker, C. Zehnder, Randall W. Yatscoff, Ana Rodríguez-Carmona, J. Aubertin, B. Kallinowski, Mitsunori Yagame, Daisuke Suzuki, J. Unzue, Domenico Cosseddu, J.L. Asin, John A. McGowan, Michele Petrarulo, Ronald J. Hoy, A. Blumberg, Claudia Castelnovo, F. Abramo, N. Moatti, Michael P. Lukowski, R. Peces, Shigeo Maruyama, Per-Ola Attman, N.K. Man, J. Alvarez, Claudio Ponticelli, Renze Bais, Franco Bondatti, Akira Nishida, Ch. Combe, Jules B. Puschett, S. Pieri, G.S. Wander, Miguel Pérez-Fontán, John R. Jeffery, Kazufumi Watanabe, M. Roch-Arveiller, Hiroshi Nihei, Richard O’Donovan, Giorgio Graziani, Naohiro Yano, Gary Nicholls, James A. Thliveris, Robert A.J. Conyers, J. Koderisch, L. Theilmann, A. Poli, Yasuji Yoshikawa, Caterina Martini, Semra Paydas, Marco Manganaro, K. Gmelin, Javier Moncalián-León, Lianne Ward, Luan D. Truong, Kenneth R. Copeland, M. Gorostidi, Eric Law, E. Theodorsson, N. Luong, Takao Kuramoto, Herman H. Graefe, Hugh C. Rayner, M. Merville, Masumi Ashitate, Joseph C.K. Leung, M. Aparicio, Arie Rotstein, V. de Precigout, G.S. Sandha, J.-L. Bouchet, Kazuo Kubo, Masanobu Miyazaki, B. Kommerell, Siu Fai Lui, Constantino Fernández-Rivera, Edward J. Ford, Kazuhiko Eguchi, Nogah Fisher, M. Nigro, Ali A. Gürçay, Hironaka Kawasaki, S.C. Chhabra, Jacob Rudoy, H.J.G. Bilo, A. Bionda, L. Potaux, Jiro Uemasu, Hideto Sakai, Michael Sagiv, H. Gin, Adriana Aroldi, Allan M. Rofe, R.O.B. Gans, K. Andrassy, Hasan S.Z. Aksu, J.L. Paul, Prem K.G. Chandran, Franco Linari, and Corrado Vitale

Subjects
Traditional medicine, business.industry, Medicine, business
Published
1991
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23. Unveiling the high energy tail of 1E 1740.7-2942 with INTEGRAL

Author

G. De Cesare, A. Bazzano, L. Bouchet, J. P. Roques, Elisabeth Jourdain, and M. Del Santo

Subjects
Physics, High energy, education.field_of_study, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Electron, Light curve, Space and Planetary Science, Thermal, education
Abstract

The microquasar 1E 1740.7-2942 is observed with Integral since Spring 2003. Here, we report on the source high energy behaviour by using the first three years of data collected with SPI and IBIS telescopes, taking advantage of the instruments complementarity. Light curves analysis showed two main states for 1E 1740.7-2942: the canonical low/hard state of black-hole candidates and a ``dim'' state, characterised by a ~ 20 times fainter emission, detected only below 50 keV and when summing more than 1Ms of data. For the first time the continuum of the low/hard state has been measured up to ~ 600 keV with a spectrum that is well represented by a thermal Comptonization plus an additional component necessary to fit the data above 200 keV. This high energy component could be related to non-thermal processes as already observed in other black-hole candidates. Alternatively, we show that a model composed by two thermal Comptonizations provides an equally representative description of the data: the temperature of the first population of electrons results as (kTe)_1 ~ 30 keV while the second, (kTe)_2, is fixed at 100 keV. Finally, searching for 511 keV line showed no feature, either narrow or broad, transient or persistent., accepted in Astrophysical Journal Part 1; 3 figures

Published
2008

24. [Efficiency of antagonist IVF cycle programming by estrogens]

Author

A, Guivarc'h-Levêque, P, Arvis, J-L, Bouchet, P-L, Broux, L, Moy, G, Priou, J, Vialard, and D, Colleu

Subjects
Adult, Triptorelin Pamoate, Estradiol, Pregnancy Rate, Estrogen Antagonists, Oocyte Retrieval, Fertilization in Vitro, Embryo Transfer, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Luteolytic Agents, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, Oocytes, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies
Abstract

Assess the efficiency of estradiol programming in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) with antagonists by comparing with classical long luteal agonist protocol.It is a prospective randomized study, comparing 426 cycles in the arm estradiol antagonist with 412 cycles in the arm long agonist. Estradiol 4 mg/day begins on the 25th day of the previous cycle and continues during the menses until the first day of the stimulation which is from Thursday to Sunday whatever the beginning of the menses. The luteal protocol use Decapeptyl 0,1mg which begins on the 20th day of the previous cycle.Our two populations are similar. No pick-up has been done on Sunday. We have got significantly less oocytes and embryos in estradiol-antagonist (6,8+/-5,3 vs 7,6+/-5,7) and (3,7+/-3,2 vs 4,1+/-3,6) respectively. The ongoing pregnancy rate is comparable in the two groups: 28,6 % for estradiol antagonist 27,9 % for agonist for the whole population and 37 % vs 34,8 % respectively when at least one top embryo was transferred.Programming antagonist cycles with estradiol allows the organization of the center; it is easy to implement and seems to give results as good as a long agonist protocol.

Published
2008

25. NMR planar microcoil for microanalysis

Author

Jean-François Chateaux, Pierre Morin, L. Bouchet-Fakri, B. Sorli, L. Quiquerez, André Briguet, Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-optoélectronique de Montpellier (CEM2), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, Microcoil, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Planar, Nuclear magnetic resonance, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Microsystem, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Larmor precession, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Chemistry, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Surface micromachining, Electromagnetic coil, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Radio frequency, 0210 nano-technology, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

This article deals with the analysis of small sample volume by using a planar microcoil and a micromachined cavity. This microcoil is used as a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) radio frequency detection coil in order to perform in vitro NMR analysis of the sample introduced into the microcavity. It is a real challenging task to develop microsystem for NMR spectrum extraction for smaller and smaller sample volume. Moreover, it is advantageous that these microsystems could be integrated in a Micro Total Analysing System (-TAS) as an analysing tool. In this paper, NMR theory, description, fabrication process and electrical characterization of planar microcoils receiver are described. Results obtained on NMR microspectroscopy experiments have been performed on water and ethanol, using a 1 mm diameter planar coil. This microcoil is tuned and matched at 85.13 MHz which is the Larmor frequency of proton in a 2 T magnetic field.

Published
2006
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26. Gamma-ray continuum emission from the inner Galactic region as observed with INTEGRAL/SPI

Author

Volker Schoenfelder, Andrew W. Strong, Regis Terrier, Hubert Halloin, Francois Lebrun, Roland Diehl, P. Mandrou, L. Bouchet, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Continuum (design consultancy), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Positronium, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, ISM: genaral, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy: structure, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation), Physics, education.field_of_study, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gammarays: observations, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract

The diffuse continuum emission from the Galactic plane in the energy range 18-1000 keV has been studied using 16 Ms of data from the SPI instrument on INTEGRAL. With such an exposure we can exploit the imaging properties of SPI to achieve a good separation of point sources from the various diffuse components. Using a candidate-source catalogue derived with IBIS on INTEGRAL and a number of sky distribution models we obtained spectra resolved in Galactic longitude. We can identify spectral components of a diffuse continuum of power law shape with index about 1.7, a positron annihilation component with a continuum from positronium and the line at 511 keV, and a second, roughly power-law component from detected point sources. Our analysis confirms the concentration of positron annihilation emission in the inner region (|l, Comment: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2005
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27. SPI/INTEGRAL observation of the Galactic central radian: contribution of discrete sources and implication for the diffuse emission

Author

Regis Terrier, Francois Lebrun, Andrew W. Strong, Roland Diehl, P. Mandrou, J. P. Roques, L. Bouchet, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), INTEGRAL, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, Positronium, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Spectrometer, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galactic ridge, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Radian
Abstract

The INTEGRAL observatory has been performing a deep survey of the Galactic central radian since 2003, with the goal of both extracting a catalog of sources and gaining insight into the Galactic diffuse emission. This paper concentrates on the estimation of the total point sources emission contribution. It is now clear that unresolved point sources contribute to the observed diffuse emission; the increasing sensitivity of instruments with time has lead to a steady decrease in estimates of this ``diffuse emission''. We have analysed the first year data obtained with the spectrometer and imager SPI on board INTEGRAL. First, a catalog of 63 hard X-ray sources detected, time-averaged, during our 2003 Galactic plane survey, is derived. Second, after extracting the spectra of the sources detected by SPI, their combined contribution is compared to the total (resolved and unresolved) emission from the Galactic ridge. The data analysis is complex: it requires us to split the total emission into several components, as discrete sources and diffuse emission are superimposed in SPI data. The main result is that point source emission dominates in the hard X-ray/soft $\gamma$-ray domain, and contributes around 90 % of the total emission around 100 keV, while above 250 keV, diffuse electron-positron annihilation, through its three-photon positronium continuum with a positronium fraction $\sim$ 0.97 and the 511 keV electron-positron line, dominates over the sources., Comment: accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2005
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28. Compact sources as the origin of the soft gamma-ray emission of the Milky Way

Author

R. Terrier, A. Bazzano, Francois Lebrun, Guillaume Belanger, J. Paul, H. Morand, C. Winkler, Andrew W. Strong, A. J. Dean, V. Schönfelder, Roland Walter, Andrea Goldwurm, M. Del Santo, A. J. Bird, J. P. Roques, A. N. Parmar, Niels Lund, L. Bouchet, and P. Ubertini

Subjects
Particle acceleration, Interstellar medium, Physics, Multidisciplinary, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The Milky Way is known to be an abundant source of gamma-ray photons, now determined to be mainly diffuse in nature and resulting from interstellar processes. In the soft gamma-ray domain, point sources are expected to dominate, but the lack of sensitive high-resolution observations did not allow for a clear estimate of the contribution from such sources. Even the best imaging experiment revealed only a few point sources, accounting for about 50% of the total Galactic flux. Theoretical studies were unable to explain the remaining intense diffuse emission. Investigating the origin of the soft gamma-rays is therefore necessary to determine the dominant particle acceleration processes and to gain insights into the physical and chemical equilibrium of the interstellar medium. Here we report observations in the soft gamma-ray domain that reveal numerous compact sources. We show that these sources account for the entirety of the Milky Way's emission in soft gamma-rays, leaving at most a minor role for diffuse processes.

Published
2003

29. Mobility analysis for feasibility studies in CAD models of industrial environments

Author

J.F. Rit, Jean-Paul Laumond, Thierry Siméon, J.-L. Bouchet, and C.V. Van Geem

Subjects
Engineering, Engineering drawing, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, CAD, Graph theory, Workspace, Maintenance engineering, Industrial engineering, Structuring, Computer Science::Robotics, Graph (abstract data type), Motion planning, business
Abstract

Presents a variant of a probabilistic approach to motion planning. The objective is to face large, complex industrial environments for maintenance purpose. The contribution is based on a structuring of the workspace into boxes that limits the size of the graph to be searched. The algorithm was integrated in a commercial CAD system and real-size experiments are presented.

Published
2003
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30. SPI/INTEGRAL observation of the Cygnus region

Author

L. Bouchet, E. Jourdain, J.P. Roques, P. Mandrou, P. von Ballmoos, S. Boggs, P. Caraveo, M. Cassé, B. Cordier, R. Diehl, P. Durouchoux, A. von Kienlin, J. Knodlseder, P. Jean, P. Leleux, G.G. Lichti, J. Matteson, F. Sanchez, and 7 coauthors

Abstract

We present the analysis of the first observations of the Cygnus region by the SPI spectrometer onboard the Integral Gamma Ray Observatory, encompassing ~600 ks of data. Three sources namely Cyg X-1, Cyg X-3 and EXO 2030+375 were clearly detected. Our data illustrate the temporal variability of Cyg X-1 in the energy range from 20 keV to 300 keV. The spectral analysis shows a remarkable stability of the Cyg X-1 spectra when averaged over one day timescale. The other goal of these observations is SPI inflight calibration and performance verification. The latest objective has been achieved as demonstrated by the results presented in this paper.

Published
2003

31. SPI/INTEGRAL in-flight performances

Author

J.-P. Roques, S. Schanne, A. von Kienlin, J. Knodlseder, R. Briet, L. Bouchet, Ph. Paul, S. Boggs, P. Caraveo, M. Cassé, B: Cordier, R. Diehl, P. Durouchoux, P. Jean, P. Leleux, G. Lichti, P. Mandrou, J. Matteson, F. Sanchez, and 7 coauthors

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The SPI instrument has been launched on-board the INTEGRAL observatory on October 17, 2002. SPI is a spectrometer devoted to the sky observation in the 20 keV-8 MeV energy range using 19 germanium detectors. The performance of the cryogenic system is nominal and allows to cool the 19 kg of germanium down to 85 K with a comfortable margin. The energy resolution of the whole camera is 2.5 keV at 1.1 MeV. This resolution degrades with time due to particle irradiation in space. We show that the annealing process allows the recovery of the initial performance. The anticoincidence shield works as expected, with a low threshold at 75 keV, reducing the GeD background by a factor of 20. The digital front-end electronics system allows the perfect alignement in time of all the signals as well as the optimisation of the dead time (12%). We demonstrate that SPI is able to map regions as complex as the galactic plane. The obtained spectrum of the Crab nebula validates the present version of our response matrix. The 3sigma sensitivity of the instrument at 1 MeV is 8*E-7 ph cm-2 s-1 keV-1 for the continuum and 3*E-5 ph cm-2 s-1 for narrow lines.

Published
2003

32. SPI : the spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL

Author

G. Vedrenne, J.P. Roques, V. Schonfelder, P. Mandrou, G.G. Lichti, A. von Kienlin, B. Cordier, S. Schanne, J. Knodlseder, G. Skinner, P. Jean, F. Sanchez, P. Caraveo, B. Teegarden, P. von Ballmoos, L. Bouchet, J. Matteson, S. Boggs, and 8 coauthors

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

SPI is a high spectral resolution gamma-ray telescope on board the ESA mission INTEGRAL (International Gamma Ray Astrophysics Laboratory). It consists of an array of 19 closely packed germanium detectors surrounded by an active anticoincidence shield of BGO. The imaging capabilities of the instrument are obtained with a tungsten coded aperture mask located 1.7 m from the Ge array. The fully coded field-of-view is 16deg, the partially coded field of view amounts to 31deg, and the angular resolution is 2.5deg. The energy range extends from 20 keV to 8 MeV with a typical energy resolution of 2.5 keV at 1.3 MeV. Here we present the general concept of the instrument followed by a brief description of each of the main subsystems. INTEGRAL was successfully launched in October 2002 and SPI is functioning extremely well.

Published
2003

35. Calibration of the spectrometer aboard the INTEGRAL satellite

Author

Roland Diehl, Stéphane Schanne, Gerald K. Skinner, David Attié, R. Carli, G. Vedrenne, J. P. Roques, Filomeno Sanchez, M. Gros, Andrew W. Strong, Philippe Laurent, Bonnard J. Teegarden, G. G. Lichti, P. Paul, Bertrand Cordier, Vincent Tatischeff, Chris Shrader, Steven J. Sturner, J. A. Paul, Peter von Ballmoos, P. H. Connell, P. Jean, Cornelia B. Wunderer, L. Bouchet, J. Kiener, V. Schönfelder, Jürgen Knödlseder, Andreas von Kienlin, G. Weidenspointner, P. Mandrou, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Photon, Spectrometer, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, On board, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 13. Climate action, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Spectral resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mutual influence, Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract

SPI, the Spectrometer on board the ESA INTEGRAL satellite, to be launched in October 2002, will study the gamma-ray sky in the 20 keV to 8 MeV energy band with a spectral resolution of 2 keV for photons of 1 MeV, thanks to its 19 germanium detectors spanning an active area of 500 cm2. A coded mask imaging technique provides a 2 deg angular resolution. The 16 deg field of view is defined by an active BGO veto shield, furthermore used for background rejection. In April 2001 the flight model of SPI underwent a one-month calibration campaign at CEA in Bruy\`eres le Ch\^atel using low intensity radioactive sources and the CEA accelerator for homogeneity measurements and high intensity radioactive sources for imaging performance measurements. After integration of all scientific payloads (the spectrometer SPI, the imager IBIS and the monitors JEM-X and OMC) on the INTEGRAL satellite, a cross-calibration campaign has been performed at the ESA center in Noordwijk. A set of sources has been placed in the field of view of the different instruments in order to compare their performances and determine their mutual influence. Some of those sources had already been used in Bruy\`eres during the SPI standalone test. For the lowest energy band calibration an X-ray generator has been used. We report on the scientific goals of this calibration activity, and present the measurements performed as well as some preliminary results., Comment: 12 pages, 19 figures, Published in Proceedings of SPIE conference, 24-28 August 2002, Waikoloa, Hawaii, USA

Published
2002

36. Pretreatment expression of the perforin gene by circulating CD8(+) T lymphocytes predicts biochemical response to interferon-alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Author

A, Balian, S, Naveau, W, Zou, I, Durand-Gasselin, L, Bouchet, A, Foussat, P, Galanaud, J C, Chaput, and D, Emilie

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins, Membrane Glycoproteins, Base Sequence, Perforin, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Expression, Interferon-alpha, Reproducibility of Results, Alanine Transaminase, Hepacivirus, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Interferon alpha-2, Middle Aged, Virus Replication, Recombinant Proteins, Humans, Female, RNA, Messenger, DNA Primers
Abstract

It would be of great value to be able to predict, before the initiation of treatment, which patients with hepatitis C virus-induced chronic hepatitis will be cured by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Competitive RT-PCR was used to evaluate spontaneous expression of the perforin gene, a marker of cytotoxic cell activation, by circulating mononuclear cells in 17 patients undergoing IFN-alpha treatment. IFN-alpha increased perforin gene expression (p0.003), but this was not correlated with outcome. In contrast, pretreatment perforin gene expression levels were higher in the 8 patients with a sustained biochemical response after treatment than in the 9 non-responsive patients (p = 0.01). This factor predicted favorable clinical outcome with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 89%. Thus, pretreatment immunological status has a major influence on the ability of IFN-alpha to cure chronic hepatitis C, and the evaluation of perforin gene expression may help to select patients that will benefit from IFN-alpha treatment.

Published
2000

37. Nutrition and outcome on renal replacement therapy of patients with chronic renal failure treated by a supplemented very low protein diet

Author

C. Lasseur, V. De Precigout, Christian Combe, P. Chauveau, Michel Aparicio, and J. L. Bouchet

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Renal function, Nutritional Status, Gastroenterology, Low-protein diet, Renal Dialysis, Internal medicine, medicine, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Humans, Renal replacement therapy, Kidney transplantation, Dialysis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Kidney Transplantation, Survival Analysis, Transplantation, Renal Replacement Therapy, Bicarbonates, Proteinuria, Endocrinology, Treatment Outcome, Nephrology, Parathyroid Hormone, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Female, Hemodialysis, business, Kidney disease, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract

Protein-restricted diets are prescribed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) to alleviate uremic symptoms and to slow the progression of CRF. The potential deleterious effects of protein restriction on nutritional status and clinical outcome of patients with CRF have raised concern. In this study, data were collected from 1985 to 1998 on 239 consecutive patients (age 50.2 +/- 15.6 yr) with advanced CRF (GFR 13.1 +/- 4.8 ml/min) to whom a supplemented very low protein diet (SVLPD) providing 0.3 g protein, 35 kcal, and 5 to 7 mg of inorganic phosphorus per kg per day was administered for a mean duration of 29.6 +/- 25.1 mo. The diet was supplemented with essential amino acids and ketoanalogs, calcium carbonate, iron, and multivitamins. During SVLPD, protein intake decreased from 0.85 +/- 0.23 to 0.43 +/- 0.11 g/kg per d, and body mass index and serum albumin concentration remained unchanged overall. Fourteen patients died during SVLPD; death was unrelated to nutritional parameters. Hemodialysis was initiated after SVLPD in 165 patients at a mean GFR of 5.8 +/-1.5 ml/min. During an average of 54 mo on hemodialysis, mortality was low (2.4% after 1 yr) and correlated to age only, not to nutritional parameters observed at the end of SVLPD. Similar results were obtained in 66 transplanted patients (12 were not dialyzed before transplantation). SVLPD can be safely used in patients with CRF without adverse effects on the clinical and nutritional status of the patients. Due to the preservation of nutritional status and the correction of uremic symptoms, the initiation of dialysis was deferred in these patients. The outcome of patients on renal replacement therapy is not affected by prior treatment with SVLPD during the predialysis phase of CRF.

Published
2000

38. Acute activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in interleukin-2-treated HIV-infected patients. ANRS-048 IL-2 Study Group. Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA

Author

W, Zou, A, Foussat, C, Capitant, I, Durand-Gasselin, L, Bouchet, P, Galanaud, Y, Levy, and D, Emilie

Subjects
Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins, Membrane Glycoproteins, Perforin, CD8 Antigens, Serine Endopeptidases, HIV Infections, Receptors, Interleukin-2, Viral Load, Lymphocyte Activation, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Granzymes, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Interleukin-2, Chemokines, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract

CD8+ T lymphocytes play a key role in the control of HIV infection, through both cytotoxic and noncytotoxic mechanisms. To study in vivo effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) treatment on this cell compartment, the level of activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes was evaluated before and just after 5-day administration of IL-2 in 16 HIV-infected patients. The serum level of soluble CD25 and of soluble CD8 significantly increased following IL-2 administration. The number of mRNA molecules coding for perforin and granzyme B, two enzymes that are contained in granules of cytotoxic cells, also significantly increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in purified CD8+ cells (p.001). Variations of plasma HIV viremia and perforin gene expression following IL-2 administration were inversely correlated (p = .023), suggesting that IL-2-induced activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes contributes to limit HIV replication in vivo. In contrast to perforin and granzyme B gene expression, IL-2 administration did not increase the expression of macrophage inhibitory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and regulated-on-activation normal T-expressed and secreted (RANTES) genes. These findings indicate that CD8+ T lymphocytes in HIV-infected patients are acutely activated by IL-2 treatment, which may improve long-term control of HIV infection.

Published
1999

39. Acute upregulation of CCR-5 expression by CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-infected patients treated with interleukin-2. ANRS 048 IL-2 Study Group

Author

W, Zou, A, Foussat, S, Houhou, I, Durand-Gasselin, A, Dulioust, L, Bouchet, P, Galanaud, Y, Levy, and D, Emilie

Subjects
Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Gene Expression Regulation, Receptors, CCR5, Humans, Interleukin-2, Female, HIV Infections, Middle Aged
Abstract

The treatment of HIV-infected patients with interleukin (IL)-2 causes a sustained increase in CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, involving both naive and memory cells. However, the short-term immunological effects of IL-2, which may shed light on the mechanism of immune reconstitution by this cytokine, are unknown.To evaluate the acute effect of IL-2 on circulating T-lymphocyte subpopulations and their expression of chemokine receptors.Flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and chemokine receptor function experiments were performed before and after 5 days of IL-2 administration in 30 HIV-infected patients.IL-2 induced an acute lymphopenia of both naive and memory T-helper (TH) lymphocytes. This was associated with a large increase in CC-chemokine receptor (CCR)-5 and CCR-2b expression by TH cells. Before IL-2 treatment, CCR-5 was mostly produced by CD62L- memory TH lymphocytes. After 5 days of IL-2 administration, the level of CCR-5 mRNA in circulating cells was 18.6 times higher than before treatment (P0.002). CCR-5 expression was upregulated in CD62L- memory TH lymphocytes, but also in CD62L+ memory and in naive (CD62L+ CD45RO-) TH lymphocytes. IL-2 treatment also increased the function of CCR-5 in TH cells.Chemokine receptors are involved in trafficking of lymphocytes. The IL-2-induced upregulation of chemokine receptors in TH cells may thus play a role in the acute effects of this cytokine in TH lymphocyte redistribution.

Published
1999

40. Hard X-ray observations of GRS 1009-45 with the SIGMA telescope

Author

M. R. Gilfanov, J. P. Roques, Philippe Laurent, M. Vargas, N. G. Khavenson, M. G. Revnivtsev, A. V. Dyachkov, N. Tserenin, P. Goldoni, L. Bouchet, V. Borrel, N. Kuleshova, E. M. Churazov, Andrea Goldwurm, E. Jourdain, and R. A. Sunyaev

Subjects
Physics, Black hole, Telescope, law, X-ray binary, X-ray, Flux, Astronomy, Sigma, Astrophysics, Nova (laser), X ray spectra, law.invention
Abstract

We report on hard X-ray observations of X-ray Nova Velorum 1993 (GRS 1009–45) performed with the SIGMA coded mask X-ray telescope in January 1994. The source was clearly detected with a flux of about 60 mCrab in the 40–150 keV energy band during the two observations with a hard spectrum (α∼−2.1) extending up to ∼150 keV. These observations confirm the duration of the activity of the source in hard X-rays over 100 days after the first maximum and suggest a spectral hardening which has already been observed in Nova Muscae 1991. These and other characteristics found in these observations strengthen the case for this Nova to be a Black Hole candidate similar to Nova Muscae.

Published
1997
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43. Review of Granat Observations of AGNS

Author

E. Churazov, M. Gilfanov, A. Finoguenov, R. Sunyaev, M. Chernyakova, Yu. Apalkov, S. Grebenev, I. Lagunov, E. Jourdain, J. P. Roques, P. Mandrou, L. Bouchet, J. Ballet, A. Claret, P. Laurent, and F. Lebrun

Published
1994
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44. Short-term niflumic-acid-induced acute renal failure in children

Author

M. Fischbach, P. Cochat, J. L. Bouchet, and B. Lantz

Subjects
Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial nephritis, Niflumic acid, urologic and male genital diseases, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Methylprednisolone, Nephrology, Oliguria, Internal medicine, medicine, Eosinophilia, Anuria, Renal biopsy, medicine.symptom, business, Nephrotic syndrome, medicine.drug
Abstract

Several reports emphasize the adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on renal function. We have observed over the last 10 years seven cases of acute renal failure (ARF) due to immune interstitial nephritis in children. A recommended oral or rectal dose of niflumic acid was prescribed for ear-nose-throat disorders. Length of exposure was 1-5 days. Clinical symptoms (oedema, oliguria or anuria) appeared between 3 and 6 days. Three patients had previously received the drug. Hypersensitivity signs (fever, skin rash, eosinophilia, and/or increased IgE) were present in all cases, leukocyturia in five cases, and haematuria in six cases. Renal biopsy showed interstitial lesions with lymphocyte, eosinophil, and plasma cell infiltrates without tubular cell necrosis. Glomeruli were normal on light-microscopy, except in one patient. Electron-microscopy showed extensive podocyte fusion in two patients, who had clinical and laboratory evidence of nephrotic syndrome (NS). ARF rapidly disappeared after NSAID withdrawal, except in two patients whose renal failure was irreversible despite methylprednisolone bolus. ARF is very rare in children treated with niflumic acid. When ARF occurs, different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved but the most common is immunological.

Published
1994
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45. Review of Galactic Center Observations with Granat

Author

R. A. Sunyaev, Jacques Paul, P. Mandrou, Francois Lebrun, B. Cordier, I. Mallet, A. V. Dyachkov, M. N. Pavlinsky, N. G. Khavenson, S. A. Grebenev, L. Bouchet, M. Gilfanov, A. Goldwurm, M. Markevich, E. M. Churazov, and J. R Roques

Subjects
Physics, Supermassive black hole, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Granat, Galactic Center, Sigma, Astronomy, Angular resolution, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy, Luminosity
Abstract

Seven sets of Galactic Center (hereafter GC) observations in hard X-Rays were performed by GRANAT in 1990–1993. Coded mask telescopes ART-P and SIGMA obtained high angular resolution (~ 5 ÷ 15 arcminutes) images of this region over broad energy band from 3 to 1000 keV. No evidence for presence of supermassive black hole (AGN-like) at the dynamic center of our Galaxy has been found in these observations. The contribution of central few tens of parsecs around the Galactic Center to the X-Ray luminosity of the whole GC region is very small.

Published
1994
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46. Short-term niflumic-acid-induced acute renal failure in children

Author

B, Lantz, P, Cochat, J L, Bouchet, and M, Fischbach

Subjects
Drug Hypersensitivity, Male, Biopsy, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Nephritis, Interstitial, Niflumic Acid, Female, Acute Kidney Injury, Child
Abstract

Several reports emphasize the adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on renal function. We have observed over the last 10 years seven cases of acute renal failure (ARF) due to immune interstitial nephritis in children. A recommended oral or rectal dose of niflumic acid was prescribed for ear-nose-throat disorders. Length of exposure was 1-5 days. Clinical symptoms (oedema, oliguria or anuria) appeared between 3 and 6 days. Three patients had previously received the drug. Hypersensitivity signs (fever, skin rash, eosinophilia, and/or increased IgE) were present in all cases, leukocyturia in five cases, and haematuria in six cases. Renal biopsy showed interstitial lesions with lymphocyte, eosinophil, and plasma cell infiltrates without tubular cell necrosis. Glomeruli were normal on light-microscopy, except in one patient. Electron-microscopy showed extensive podocyte fusion in two patients, who had clinical and laboratory evidence of nephrotic syndrome (NS). ARF rapidly disappeared after NSAID withdrawal, except in two patients whose renal failure was irreversible despite methylprednisolone bolus. ARF is very rare in children treated with niflumic acid. When ARF occurs, different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved but the most common is immunological.

Published
1994

47. Sigma observations of the burst source GX354−00

Author

Arnaud Claret, P. Mandrou, L. Bouchet, R. Kremney, A. Goldwurm, M. Gilfanov, M. C. Schmitz-Fraysse, B. Cordier, V. Kovtunenko, A. Dyachkov, B. Novikov, J. P. Roques, Jacques Paul, R. Sunyaev, N. Khavenson, and E. Churazov

Subjects
Physics, High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Galactic Center, Bremsstrahlung, Sigma, Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Light curve, law.invention, Telescope, law
Abstract

We report the first detection of the burst source GX354−00 by the SIGMA telescope, occurred during a survey of the Galactic Center region performed between February and April 1992. During this ≊50 days survey the source underwent two high energy flares of about 15 days duration each. The spectrum can be described by a thermal Bremsstrahlung model with a temperature of 38 keV or by a broken power‐law. The average integrated flux (30–200 keV) was ≊7×10−10 ergs/cm2/s.

Published
1993
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