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This study combined Raman technology and nanotechnology to detect periodontal inflammatory factors. We synthesized silver nanoparticles and made modifications to their surface to produce Ag NP-antibody probes. A sandwich immunoassay was developed for the sensitive detection of TNF-α and IL-1β. SERS intensity showed a good linear relationship with TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations in our study. The results of detection of these biomarkers in GCF indicate excellent specificity, high sensitivity, and great reproducibility of this immunoassay. Our immunoassay based on the SERS technique would facilitate clinical diagnoses of periodontal diseases.

Huangqi (Radix Astragali) is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine, it is an effective treatment for consumptive disease, such as the common cold, diarrhea, fatigue and cardiac diseases. Astragalosides (AST) is the main component of Huangqi. The purpose of this study is to investigate the modulation effect of AST on the skeletal muscle contractile function. Our results showed that the toad gastrocnemius muscle contractile response was significantly increased after the use of AST (25 mg/L, bath for the isolated muscle), which produced a left-ward shift of the contractile force-stimulation intensity curve. Moreover, AST also prevented the repetitive stimulation-induced decrease in muscle contractile force and recovery amplitude of muscle contraction. These results demonstrate that AST can affect contractile performance of toad gastrocnemius muscle and contribute to skeletal muscle anti-fatigue.

This study was carried out to investigate the modulation effect of cordycepin on the skeletal muscle contractile performance and its potential mechanisms involving interaction between cordycepin and Ca2+ by electrical field stimulation. Results showed that cordycepin (50 mg L−1) significantly decreased the muscle contractile response reversibly. Cordycepin also produced a rightward shift of the contractile amplitude–stimulation intensity relationship. However, the most noticeable result was that the maximum amplitude of the muscle contractile force was significantly increased under cordycepin application (119 ± 5·6% of control). This result suggests that the skeletal muscle contractile function and muscle physical fitness to the external stimulation were improved by the decreased response sensitivity in the presence of cordycepin. However, these improved effects of cordycepin on muscle physical performance were diminished in Ca2+-free medium or in the presence of all Ca2+ channels blocker (0·4 mM ...

This study aims to assess the early diagnosis of mouse atherosclerotic plaque through targeted ultrasound molecular imaging. Forty Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice and 40 C57BL/6 wild type mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, 20 mice per group. Mice included in the study group were fed with high cholesterol diet for 20 weeks, after which the targeted ultrasound microbubbles were prepared. The mice with atherosclerotic plaque were studied with targeted ultrasound molecular imaging in comparison with red oil O staining. The results of targeted ultrasound molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaque indicate that the GP Ib and GP IIb/IIIa are viable biomarkers for early diagnosis of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. The targeted ultrasound molecular imaging is worth studying in order to identify the atherosclerotic progress as a noninvasive effective identification method which could be used widely.

A new type of sensitiser, sodium benzenesulphinate (SBS), was used for sensitisation of water coated photothermographic (PTG) materials which were made up of ex situ AgBr, silver stearate (AgSt), polyvinyl alcohol and other functional components. The experimental results showed that (a) the sensitisation capability of SBS to PTG materials was quite effective and the maximal sensitivity relative to the unsensitised one could be increased by 30 times; (b) that the mode of sensitisation by SBS which sensitised single ex situ AgBr was better than those by SBS which sensitised either the single AgSt or the mixture of (AgBr + AgSt) in sensitivity improvement of PTG materials; (c) that the improvement in sensitivity, in addition, was dependent on sensitisation temperature and time as well as the amount of SBS.

The photogenerated free radicals from formate, oxalate and acetate in aqueous solutions without and with dispered AgBr grains under illuminations of 355 nm laser light, natural light and monochromatic red, green or blue light were detected by electron spin resonance with spin-trap DMPO. The results showed that: (a) .CO 2 - radicals were produced in the formate solution by all of these illuminations; (b) the signals of .CO 2 - radicals were greatly intensified when an AgBr dispersion was present in the formate solution; (c) the signals of .CO 2 - radicals in the oxalate solution were also detected and intensified when an AgBr dispersion was present, but only after illumination by the 355 nm laser; (d) .CH 3 radicals, instead of .CO 2 -, were weakly detected in the acetate solution, but only in the presence of AgBr under illumination by the 355 nm laser. The photochemical behaviour of these carboxylates, particularly formate and oxalate, perhaps implies their capability for trapping photogenerated holes and their potential for acting as a hole converter to an effective electron carrier.

On HL-2A tokamak, supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) has been developed as a routine refueling method. The key components of the system are an electromagnetic valve and a conic nozzle. The valve and conic nozzle are assembled to compose the simplified Laval nozzle for generating the pulsed beam. The appurtenance of the system includes the cooling system serving the cooled SMBI generation and the in situ calibration component for quantitative injection. Compared with the conventional gas puffing, the SMBI features prompt response and larger fueling flux. These merits devote the SMBI a good fueling method, an excellent plasma density feedback control tool, and an edge localized mode mitigation resource.

This article is mentioned to study the incidence, diagnosis, management of the vertical condylar fractures.11 patients, 14 cases of the vertical condylar fractures, were treated in our department between June 1997 and August 1998. All the patients were diagnosed through history, physical examination, radiographs, computed tomography scan and three-dimensional reconstruction of a computed tomography scan, treated with various surgical approaches.All the patients had got satisfactory postoperative result in the aspects of occlusion, degree of opening, joint noise, pain in the area of temporomandibular joint, deviation in mandibular motion and healing of the incision.Enough attention should be paid to the vertical condylar fractures. The key to a successful open operation is the correct diagnosis, the accurate reduction and the stable fixation.

To report our experience to embolize the AVM of jaws by direct percutaneous puncture. in conjunction with endovascular therapy.3 cases of AVM of mandible and 3 cases of AVM of maxilla comprised this study group. The patients were embolized with fibered coils, PVA and NBCA. The coils were placed directly into the center of the intraosseous lesion. The procedure was under the guidance of DSA machine (PHILIPS V3000).The acute arterial bleeding in 4 patients was controllable. The other two cases with oozing bleeding and a warm soft mass on the left face with a palpable pulse respectively, their symptoms and signs got improved a lot. The pericoronal oozing of blood in all patients disappeared during a 3 to 24 months follow-up and new bone formation was found in the follow-up radiography.The embolization of the AVM of jaws by direct percutaneous puncture in conjunction with endovascular therapy is effective and safe, however the longer follow-up is expected.

To express human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF165) cDNA in Pichia pastroris, purify the expressed product and detect the biological activity of it.By inserting hVEGF165 cDNA coding 165 amino acid residues into Pichia pastoris expression vector pPIC9K containing AOX1 promoter and the sequences of alpha secreting signal peptides, a recombinant expression plasmid pPIC9K/hVEGF165 was constructed and transformed to yeast host strain KM71, then multiple-copy insert transformants were screened out and cultured in flasks, and hVEGF165 was expressed under the induction of 1% methanol.SDS-PAGE showed that after being induced with 1% methanol for 4 d, the expressed product existed in supernatant in the form of soluble molecule and contained 60% of total protein expressed. Western blot showed good antigenicity and specificity of expressed product. After being purified by Heparin-Sepharose CL6B affinity chromatography, the purity of expressed product reached above 90%. Biological assays proved that the expressed product could stimulate the proliferation of HUVEC.hVEGF165 was successfully expressed. The study opened up a wide prospect for the application of VEGF165 in the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease and other tissue ischemic diseases such as secondary arterial occlusion in limbs.

Edge localized mode (ELM)-filament statistical characteristics and intermittent convective transport are studied during ELM mitigation (10–30 ms) induced by supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) on the HL-2A tokamak. Langmuir probe data show that the burst rate of large amplitude filaments (δne > 4σ) decreases by 30–50% and their radial velocity decreases by 40–60%, which is an indication of an amplitude reduction. A decrease of long-range correlation along the magnetic flux surface is observed after SMBI, indicating a role of electron–ion collisionality on the filament parallel current in the ELM mitigation time. The transient particle and heat fluxes decrease about 40–50% and 50–60%, respectively. These observations indicate that SMBI might be an effective method to suppress the intermittent convective transport.

The cDNA fragment of the first 3 loops of VEGF receptor, KDR, was cloned by PCR and inserted into a baculovirus expression plasmid pFASTBACI. The competent E. coli DH10BAC cell, which contain another plasmid with baculovirus genome in it, was transformed with pFASTBACI-KDRn3. Homologous recombination in the prokaryotic cells resulted in a recombinant plasmid containing KDRn3 in baculovirus genome. Transfection of the insect cell SF-9 with above plasmid generated a recombinant baculorvirus contain target gene fragment. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis of the supernatant of the infected SF-9 cell showed that KDRn3 was secreted in the medium. The recombinant protein was verified with Western blot and tested for their binding activity with VEGF. Its anti-angiogenic activity was assayed on chorionic allantoic membrane(CAM) of fertilized egg. The results showed that the recombinant protein could inhibit new vessel formation on CAM of fertilized eggs.

By inserting VEGF receptor Flt-1(1-3 loop) cDNA into Pichia pastoris expression vector pPIC9K containing AOX1 promotor and the sequences of alpha secreting signal peptides, the expression plasmid pPIC9K/Flt-1(1-3) was constructed and transformed into GS115. The multi-copy insert transformants were selected and cultivated in flasks. After 4 days of 1% methanol induction, the expressed Flt-1(1-3) accumulated up to 30% of total proteins in supernatant. The expressed Flt-1(1-3) was further proved with good antigenicity and high specificity by ELISA and Western blot. They can bind to VEGF and inhibit HUVEC proliferation stimulated by VEGF.

A retrospective study was performed in 15 adults with cleft palate who operated with palato-pharyngoplasty.Using frequency spectrum analyser to describe their Chinese vowel frequency spectrum curve character.Their articulation effect after sugery was analyzed.The result shows:The excellent rate of the articulation on effect appears 46.67%.The author believes that:the palato-pharyngoplasty can be utilized as a manner to cure the adults with cleft palate and the advanced effect is needed to be continuously studied.

This paper collects 100 cases with post-traumatic maxillofacial deformity.The types of deformity may be involved by order to concave appearance restricted opening of jaw,disturbance of occlusion,mimetic paralysis,scar,etc.The author advocate the treatment must be paid attention both appearance and function.Recently,we have used the vascularized flap,coronary incision,orthognathic surgery and rigid internal fixation in these cases,and have gotten better result than past.This paper emphasizes that we should pay attention to emergency treatment to reduce the occur of post-traumatic deformity.

In this research, the optimization method for low specific speed centrifugal pump impeller based on incomplete sensitivities was proposed. The main feature of the algorithm is that it avoids solving the flow field repeatedly in one optimization cycle in finite difference method and it avoids solving the adjoint equation in adjoint method. The blade meridional plan is considered as constant, and the blade camber line was parameterize by Taylor function. The coefficients in the Taylor function were taken as the control variable. The moment acting on the blade was considered as the objective function. With the incomplete sensitivities we can get the gradient of the objective function with respect to the control variable easily, and the blade shape can be renewed according to the inverse direction of the gradient. We will find the optimum design when the objective function is minimized. The computational cost is greatly reduced. The calculation cases show that the proposed theory and method is rotational.

This study detected 60 cases of patients of later surgical cleft palate repairing with different operative procedures,based on nasopharyngeal fiberscope and image processing detective system of nasopharyngeal function.They were divided into two groups,30 cases with Furlow's double reversing Z plasty,and others with traditional palatoplasty.The results were as follows:the type of velopharyngeal closure with later palatoplasty mainly were circus,semi-circus,and the rate of operative success only was 46.6%,which was lower than other reports.Author described that compensation of lateral and posterior pharyngeal wall made the type of velopharyngeal closure.The elder the age,the more the compensation is.For the late cleft palate repair,although the variable surgical procedure made a condition for speech improvement, patients with later cleft palate repair still can't improve their phonation.

That the most suitable age of palatoplasty is still an argumentative question.The final purpose of palatoplasty is to obtain the satisfactory effectiveness is to obtain the satisfactory effectiveness of phonetic distinctness.So,early palatoplasty is suported by more more experts and patient's parents.This study detected 60 cases velopharyngeal function after traditional palatoplasty with two flaps,adopting nasopharyngeal fiberscope and detective system of image processing and quantitative analysis of velopharyngeal function,for long term evaluation of traditional palatoplasty with different operative success iin early palatoplasty group (less than 3 years old) was 80.0% while that in later palatoplasty group (more than 6 years old) was 53.3%.From other aspects of types of velopharyngeal competence,mobility of soft palate and rate of velopharyngeal coronary contraction,the author described advantages of early palatoplasty.

In the present paper, it is reported that a large production of runaway electrons has been observed during the flattop phase of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) discharges and in the presence of supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) in the HuanLiuqi-2A (commonly referred to as HL-2A) [Q. W. Yang, Nucl. Fusion 47, S635 (2007)] tokamak. For the set of discharges carried out in the present experiment, the ranges of ECRH power and plasma electron density are 0.8–1.0 MW and (3.0–4.0)×1019 m−3, respectively. A large number of superthermal electrons are produced through the avalanche effect [A. Lazaros, Phys. Plasmas 8, 1263 (2001)] during ECRH. The loop voltage increase due to SMBI gives rise to a decline in the critical runaway energy, which leads to that many superthermal electrons could be converted into runaway region. Therefore, this phenomenon may come from the synergetic effects of ECRH and SMBI. That is, the superthermal electrons created by ECRH are accelerated into runaway regime via t...

A method of the particle transport study using supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) and microwave reflectometry is reported in this paper. Experimental results confirm that pulsed SMBI is a good perturbation source with deeper penetration and better localization than the standard gas puffing. The local density modulation is induced using the pulsed SMBI and the perturbation density is measured by the microwave reflectometry. Using Fourier transform analysis for the local density perturbation, radial profiles of the amplitude and phase of the density modulation can be obtained. The experimental results in HL-2A show that the particle injected by SMBI is located at about r/a=0.65-0.75. The position of the main particle source can be determined through three aspects: the minimum of the phase of the first harmonic of the Fourier transform of the modulated density measured by microwave reflectometry; the H(a) intensity profile and the local density increase ratio. The maximum of the amplitude of the first harmonic shifts often inward relative to the particle source location, which indicates clearly there is an inward particle pinch in this area. Good agreement has been found between the experimental results and the simulation using analytical transport model. The particle diffusivity D and the particle convection velocity V have been obtained by doing this simulation. The sensitivity in the transport coefficients of the amplitude and the phase of the density modulation has been discussed.

With high power ECRH and supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI), the electron heat transport has been investigated on HL-2A. This paper will show features of the electron transport during ECRH, especially new non-local phenomena triggered by SMBI, in which an electron transport barrier is formed and the confinement is improved. The diffusion coefficient both from steady-state analysis (χhp) and the heat pulse propagation (χpb) increase with the ECRH power and decrease with the electron density, which is in agreement with the L-mode scaling. The ratio χhp/χpb is about 2.8 in Ohmic discharges; it increases to 3.3 with low power ECRH and decreases to 1.7 with the high power ECRH. The non-local transport phenomena induced by SMBI have been observed firstly on HL-2A. The density limit beyond which the phenomena disappear is apparently higher in the ECRH regime than in the Ohmic regime. Both the bolometer radiation and the Haemission decrease when the non-local effect appears. After the appearance of the non-local effect, it can be found that the region outside r/a ~ 0.5, just like usual result, is cooled by SMBI, while the core Te increasing gives a surprise. The core Te is increased by about 18 %. This suggests that the injection of SMBI triggers the internal transport barriers.