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The Lyceum of the Philippines University—Batangas, an autonomous university in the Philippines seeks to examine its competitive and strategic advantage through evaluating its services to International students in order to determine its university position in the competitive educational market. Using the descriptive method of research employing both the qualitative and quantitative approaches, this study seeks to achieve the following objectives: To measure how satisfied are the International students to the services provided by the university’s executive, finance, institutional division, student services, and outsourced services. Findings revealed that international students are generally very highly satisfied with majority of the services offered. The researchers draw inputs based on the results of the study to strategically position the university in the academic business environment and continuously offer quality services toward optimum customer satisfaction of international students to insure sustainability and competitive advantage.

Hospitality education has been a widely studied area in a hospitality curriculum evaluation. Internationalisation and linkages increases the quantity of graduate's efficiency in the way institutions are managed and producing graduates and professional's global outlook ready to be hired by internationalized economies. The Lyceum Hospitality curriculum was developed to integrate an in depth academics, laboratories and field internship programs that will ensure the efficiency and quality to meet worlds class standards. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the tourism and hospitality management awards and linkages and its inputs to program competitiveness. The research was an avenue to evaluate the program competitiveness of Lyceum of the Philippine University-Batangas in the hospitality industry. The researcher used retrospective method of research in analyzing existing data provided by the CITHM department and internship office. The researcher utilized open ended interview and focus group discussions among faculty members of CITHM and students. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that the program competitiveness of LPU-B is a manifestation of the different awards, recognition and citations at both local and international scene. The linkages are marked by the placement of the On the Job Training (OJT) graduating students at different levels of the hospitality industry both locally and internationally.

The influence of absorption or gain on the Bragg diffraction efficiency of intracavity refractive index gratings is analyzed. Losses drastically reduce the diffraction efficiency of the device which can nevertheless be optimized in order to limit their inauspicious influence. On the contrary, in amplifying intracavity media very large diffraction efficiencies are obtained even with small integrated refractive index modulations. The optimization of the device for maximum diffraction efficiency or vanishing reflectivity could find applications in tunable lasers and in high contrast amplifying optical signal processing.

Nous presentons une etude analytique approfondie de la diffraction de Bragg par un reseau d'indice place dans une cavite Fabry-Perot. Les proprietes diffractives d'un reseau donne se trouvent largement exaltees par son insertion dans un resonateur de Fabry-Perot. Ceci permet d'envisager l'utilisation de materiaux aux proprietes diffractives naturellement mediocres, ou des reseaux de faible epaisseur.

International audience; We report the results of an experimental investigation of the diffractive properties of a thick index grating embedded in a Fabry-Perot resonator, the so-called intracavity Bragg grating. We compare the performance of this device with that of a bare Bragg grating with same thickness and the same index modulation and establish the improvement in performance with the resonator. The experimental data also fit predictions calculated from a theoretical model.

Summary form only given. Amplification of the intracavity medium hugely enhances the diffraction efficiency of intracavity Bragg gratings. The device can be optimized for optimum diffraction efficiency (with diffracted intensity 1000 times larger than the incident one) or for null reflected signal (with diffraction efficiencies larger than 1000%). This could be of importance for tunable lasers and optical signal processing.

Summary form only given. The diffraction efficiency of refractive index modulation can be increased by using a Fabry-Perot resonator. We present here a detailed analytical study of diffraction by such a structure and show that it offers some more advantages.

Summary from only. Optical signal processing requires very high diffraction efficiencies and angular selectivities. These parameters are well known to increase with index modulation and material thickness but we study an alternative solution: the insertion of the grating in a Fabry-Perot resonator.

International audience; The grating thickness limit lFP between the Raman-Nath and the Bragg diffraction regimes is calculated for an index grating placed in an asymmetric Fabry-Perot resonator with a totally reflecting back mirror and compared with that which was obtained for the same grating with no cavity lM . Owing to the increase of the effective interaction length inside the Fabry-Perot cavity, the stronger the front mirror reflectivity R1 of the cavity, the smaller the thickness above which the whole diffracted intensity can be concentrated into one unique diffracted beam: lFP=[(1−√R1)/(1+√R1)]lM/2.

Summary form only given. Optical signal processing through Bragg diffraction requires high diffraction efficiencies and angular selectivities. We present experimental results showing how the diffraction properties of an index grating can be enhanced by using a Fabry-Perot resonator. In order to demonstrate the actual performances of intracavity Bragg gratings, we used an organic dye dissolved in ethanol as the nonlinear medium filling the Fabry-Perot cavity.

L'etude experimentale d'un reseau de diffraction de Bragg insere dans un resonateur Fabry-Perot dissymetrique de finesse inferieure a 10 montre une efficacite de diffraction et une selectivite angulaire ameliorees respectivement d'un facteur 8 et d'un facteur 40. Ces resultats sont tres prometteurs quant a l'application de cette technique a des dispositifs de traitement de l'information.

International audience; The diffraction of Gaussian beams on intracavity Bragg gratings is analyzed theoretically. For reasonable waists the associated beam divergence does not significantly influence the diffraction efficiency of such devices. Nevertheless, the tilt angle of the incident beam, imposed by the Bragg resonance condition, strongly reduces the diffraction efficiency at short grating periods. However, the angular selectivity can be maintained if the Fabry-Perot cavity is tuned to the incident beam direction, which allows the use of small-volume holograms together with a dense angular multiplex. This theoretical analysis can be applied to the optimization of the diffraction properties of Gaussian beams on any intracavity Bragg grating, which could then be used for freespace parallel signal processing.