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1,032 results on '"L15"'

1. ‘The economics of singularities’ by Lucien Karpik: debts and criticisms.

Author

Eloire, Fabien and Gradoz, Julien

Subjects
*ECONOMIC sociology, *SOCIAL theory, *PRODUCT quality, *DEBT, *CRITICISM
Abstract

This article examines ‘the economics of singularities’ by Lucien Karpik, which is a sociological theory explaining the functioning of markets for a specific type of goods, labeled as ‘singularities’, defined according to three criteria: the plurality of qualities, quality uncertainty and the primacy of quality. According to Lucien Karpik, singularities complement the typology of goods traditionally used by economists, consisting of homogeneous and differentiated goods. He argues that singularities represent a ‘blind spot’ of what he calls ‘neoclassical economic theory.’ According to him, while neoclassical economic theory is adequate for studying homogeneous and differentiated goods, an autonomous framework is indispensable for studying singularities. In this article, we propose a comprehensive overview of the economics of singularities, and we formulate a critique of Karpik’s positioning in relation to neoclassical economic theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Do sell-side analysts say "buy" while whispering "sell"?

Author

Hirshleifer, David, Shi, Yushui, and Wu, Weili

Subjects
SECURITIES analysts, BEHAVIOR analysts, INDIVIDUAL investors, MUTUAL funds
Abstract

We study here say-buy/whisper-sell behavior wherein analysts issue optimistic recommendations to attract retail investors while providing more accurate information to fund managers in private, sometimes resulting in fund managers selling the recommended stocks. We test whether fund managers return the favor using their votes for analysts in a Chinese "star analyst" competition. Managers are more likely to vote for analysts who exhibit greater "say-buy/whisper-sell" behavior toward these managers. This suggests that analysts reduce the accuracy of their public recommendations, thereby maintaining the value of their private advice to funds. Our findings help explain several empirical puzzles about analyst public recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Commonalities of standards certification and research and development as enablers of firms’ sustainable innovation and technological progress

Author

Ján Hunady and Veronika Chyláková

Subjects
O33, L15, L53, Technology, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

Adoption of international standards and investment in research and development (R&D), can be seen as two possible paths to support enterprises’ sustainable innovation and technological progress. This study argues that some aspects of R&D investment and certification to international standards are connected by identifying common factors that influence standards certification and business investment in R&D and examining the potential associations between the two. First, we examine the relationship between standards certification and R&D investments in European firms and identify enterprise characteristics that potentially affect each of the two concerns, focusing on differences and similarities. The analysis uses data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys collected in 2018 and 2019 in selected European countries. We analyse the share and characteristics of firms that applied international standards and R&D expenditures. The probit regression results reveal a positive correlation between R&D expenditures and certification. Other factors affecting the probability of certification include size, export focus and industry. Bivariate probit regression allows us to identify common factors affecting both R&D expenditures and certification, showing significant variations between different forms of entrepreneurship. Subsidiaries of larger companies have a greater chance of being certified and investing in R&D. In contrast, sole proprietorships are significantly less active in both cases. Mentioned factors affects firms’ capabilities to develop sustainable innovation and adopt new sustainable technologies.

Published
2024
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4. Assessment of Consumer Demand for Organic Products in the Moscow Region

Author

Rakhaeva, Viktoriya V., Mizyureva, Vera V., Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia-Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, Gawad, Iman O., Editorial Board Member, Nayyar, Anand, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, Popkova, Elena G., editor, Bogoviz, Aleksei V., editor, Sergi, Bruno S., editor, Kaurova, Olga V., editor, and Maloletko, Alexander N., editor

Published
2024
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5. Methodology for Assessing the Competitiveness of Metal-Cutting Tools

Author

Kolocheva, Vlada V., Boridko, Nikita V., Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia-Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, Gawad, Iman O., Editorial Board Member, Nayyar, Anand, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, Sergi, Bruno S., editor, Popkova, Elena G., editor, Ostrovskaya, Anna A., editor, Chursin, Alexander A., editor, and Ragulina, Yulia V., editor

Published
2024
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13. Testing.

Author

Bergbauer, Annika B., Hanushek, Eric A., and Woessmann, Ludger

Subjects
EDUCATIONAL outcomes, ACADEMIC achievement, PARENT-teacher relationships, STANDARDIZED tests, TEACHERS
Abstract

The significant expansion of student testing has not generally been linked to educational outcomes. We investigate how different testing regimes—providing varying information to parents, teachers, and decisionmakers—relate to student achievement. We exploit PISA data for two million students in 59 countries observed from 2000–2015. Removing country and year fixed effects, we investigate how testing reforms affect country performance. In low- and medium-performing countries, more standardized testing is associated with higher student achievement, while added internal reporting and teacher monitoring are not. But, in high-performing countries, expansion of standardized internal testing and teacher monitoring appears harmful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. To share or not to share: An analysis of wine list disclosure by Swiss restaurant owners.

Author

Gergaud, Olivier, Masset, Philippe, Pedrinelli, Alice, and Weisskopf, Jean-Philippe

Subjects
RESTAURATEURS, WINES, NUTRITIONAL requirements, RISK sharing, INFORMATION asymmetry
Abstract

This paper uses data from the 2021 Swiss edition of the Gault&Millau food guide to analyze the probability with which restaurant owners decide to share their wine list with the public. This is an important question relating to the amount of information circulating in markets characterized by information asymmetry in the context of experience and credence goods. We find that restaurant owners are more willing to share wine lists with others if competition is limited or their wine list does not contain idiosyncratic information that competitors may use strategically. Interviews indicate the challenge for restaurants to balance the risk of sharing information with competitors and the opportunity to attract wine lovers by revealing an appealing wine list. We also show that this decision depends on cultural considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Impact of the latecomer's ambidextrous innovation catch-up on the performance of technical standards alliance from the perspective of alliance routines

Author

Jing Hu, Siyu Chen, Xiaoqian Chen, and Roman ZVARYCH

Subjects
L15, O31, O36, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Joining a technical standards alliance is becoming increasingly crucial for latecomer enterprises’ innovation catch-up in today's fast-paced technological environment. This study investigates the influence of latecomers’ ambidextrous innovation on technical standards alliances while highlighting the importance of alliance routines. A structural equation model is used to analyse a sample of 118 latecomer members and 45 technical standards alliances in China's strategic emerging industries. Several novel findings are reported. First, latecomers’ two types of innovation catch-up and the three dimensions of alliance routines promote alliance performance, all of which positively impact alliance performance. Second, alliance routines have different effects on latecomers’ Ambidextrous innovation catch-up. All three dimensions of the alliance routine promote utilisation innovation catch-up, whereas behavioural logic and interactive consensus hinder exploration innovation catch-up. Third, utilisation innovation completely mediates between alliance practice and performance, whereas exploration innovation only plays a partial mediating role. This study presents specific recommendations for latecomer enterprises and technical standards alliances.

Published
2024
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22. Digital Agro-Industrial Complex and the Future Perspectives of Food Security Based on Digitalization

Author

Sharipov, Sharip I., Muduev, Shakhmardan S., Ibragimova, Bakhu Sh., Kerimov, Islam K., Yakhyaev, Gusein U., Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia-Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, O. Gawad, Iman, Editorial Board Member, Nayyar, Anand, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, Buchaev, Yakhya G., editor, Abdulkadyrov, Arsen S., editor, Ragulina, Julia V., editor, Khachaturyan, Arutyun A., editor, and Popkova, Elena G., editor

Published
2023
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23. Legal Regulation of Management Relations and Overcoming Linguistic Barriers Arising from the Digitalization of Economic Objects

Author

Guziekova, Saida M., Gorlachev, Pavel V., Zagnitko, Svetlana N., Pavlovskaya, Victoria Y., Dudchenko, Anna V., Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia-Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, O. Gawad, Iman, Editorial Board Member, Nayyar, Anand, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, Buchaev, Yakhya G., editor, Abdulkadyrov, Arsen S., editor, Ragulina, Julia V., editor, Khachaturyan, Arutyun A., editor, and Popkova, Elena G., editor

Published
2023
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32. Consumer Valuation of Thanksgiving Items and the Role of Organic Certifications.

Author

Sarasty, Oscar and Amin, Modhurima Dey

Subjects
ORGANIC certification, CONSUMERS, WILLINGNESS to pay, VALUATION, FAMILY meals, FAMILY health, ORGANIC products
Abstract

Previous research links organic purchasing motivations to personal and family health. We conduct a national survey to explore whether this preference intensifies when preparing family meals, especially during Thanksgiving. We find that approximately 83% of consumers change their consumption habits for Thanksgiving, with a notable preference for organic products. Results from the choice experiment indicate willingness to pay premiums for Thanksgiving-themed items, especially those with USDA-certified organic or certified naturally grown labels. These findings underscore policy initiatives that strengthen consumer understanding of organic certifications and support producers in securing them, capitalizing on the seasonal demand surge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. Artificial intelligence—friend or foe in fake news campaigns

Author

Węcel Krzysztof, Sawiński Marcin, Stróżyna Milena, Lewoniewski Włodzimierz, Księżniak Ewelina, Stolarski Piotr, and Abramowicz Witold

Subjects
artificial intelligence, large language models, fake news, fact‐checking, c45, c52, d83, l86, l15, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract

In this paper the impact of large language models (LLM) on the fake news phenomenon is analysed. On the one hand decent text‐generation capabilities can be misused for mass fake news production. On the other, LLMs trained on huge volumes of text have already accumulated information on many facts thus one may assume they could be used for fact‐checking. Experiments were designed and conducted to verify how much LLM responses are aligned with actual fact‐checking verdicts. The research methodology consists of an experimental dataset preparation and a protocol for interacting with ChatGPT, currently the most sophisticated LLM. A research corpus was explicitly composed for the purpose of this work consisting of several thousand claims randomly selected from claim reviews published by fact‐ checkers. Findings include: it is difficult to align the respons‐ es of ChatGPT with explanations provided by fact‐checkers; prompts have significant impact on the bias of responses. ChatGPT at the current state can be used as a support in fact‐checking but cannot verify claims directly.

Published
2023
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40. Transformation of the Quality Management System in the Digital Economy

Author

Martyakova, Elena V., Gorchakova, Elena N., Nagornaya, Olga A., Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia-Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, O. Gawad, Iman, Editorial Board Member, Nayyar, Anand, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, and Popkova, Elena G., editor

Published
2022
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41. Training of the Digital Workforce from Today’s Youth: Individualization Versus Standardization

Author

Bodiako, Anna V., Ponomareva, Svetlana V., Rogulenko, Tatiana M., Krupnov, Yuriy A., Kemkhashvili, Teimuraz A., Maclean, Rupert, Series Editor, Symaco, Lorraine Pe, Series Editor, Adamson, Bob, Editorial Board Member, Baker, Robyn, Editorial Board Member, Crossley, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Jagannathan, Shanti, Editorial Board Member, Kitamura, Yuto, Editorial Board Member, Power, Colin, Editorial Board Member, Thaman, Konai Helu, Editorial Board Member, Bray, Mark, Advisory Editor, Cheng, Yin Cheong, Advisory Editor, Fien, John, Advisory Editor, Huong, Pham Lan, Advisory Editor, Lee, Chong-Jae, Advisory Editor, Mar, Naing Yee, Advisory Editor, Masters, Geoff, Advisory Editor, Pavlova, Margarita, Advisory Editor, Walsh, Max, Advisory Editor, de Zoysa, Uchita, Advisory Editor, Popkova, Elena G., editor, and Sergi, Bruno S., editor

Published
2022
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42. Assessing the Quality of Production Equipment

Author

Kovaleva, Elena V., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Popkova, Elena G., editor, Polukhin, Andrey A., editor, and Ragulina, Julia V., editor

Published
2022
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44. Big Data, Privacy, and Protection of the User of Autonomous Vehicles: Ethical Issues, Insurance Aspects, and Human Rights

Author

Landini, Sara, Noussia, Kyriaki, Marano, Pierpaolo, Series Editor, Bataller Grau, Juan, Editorial Board Member, Chang, Johnny, Editorial Board Member, Chrissanthis, Christos S, Editorial Board Member, Cousy, Herman, Editorial Board Member, Grima, Simon, Editorial Board Member, Gurses, Ozlem, Editorial Board Member, Heiss, Helmut, Editorial Board Member, Hjalmarsson, Johanna, Editorial Board Member, Kochenburger, Peter, Editorial Board Member, Koezuka, Tadao, Editorial Board Member, Kullmann, Jérôme, Editorial Board Member, Kuschke, Birgit, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, W. Jean J., Editorial Board Member, Landini, Sara, Editorial Board Member, Lara Gonzáles, Rafael, Editorial Board Member, Lima Rego, Margarida, Editorial Board Member, Lin, JJ, Editorial Board Member, Luo, Can, Editorial Board Member, Malinowska, Katarzyna, Editorial Board Member, Martinez, Leo P., Editorial Board Member, McCoy, Patricia, Editorial Board Member, Meggit, Gary, Editorial Board Member, Merkin, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Millard, Daleen, Editorial Board Member, Munoz Paredes, Maria Luisa, Editorial Board Member, Nakaide, Satoshi, Editorial Board Member, Norio, Jaana, Editorial Board Member, Noussia, Kyriaki, Editorial Board Member, Núñez, Laura, Editorial Board Member, Perner, Stefan, Editorial Board Member, Ríos Ossa, Roberto, Editorial Board Member, Rokas, Ioannis, Editorial Board Member, Siri, Michele, Editorial Board Member, Van Schoubroeck, Caroline, Editorial Board Member, Veiga Copo, Abel, Editorial Board Member, Verheyen, Wouter, Editorial Board Member, Wandt, Manfred, Editorial Board Member, Wang, Hsin-Chun, Editorial Board Member, Yeşilova Aras, Ecehan, Editorial Board Member, and Zhu, Ling, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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46. Structural Changes in the Food Market and Improved Industry Support Policies

Author

Tumalanov, Nikolay V., Urusova, Irina N., Zerfos, Tatiana A., Sokolova, Galina N., Nemtsev, Viacheslav V., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Bogoviz, Aleksei V., editor, Suglobov, Alexander E., editor, Maloletko, Alexander N., editor, and Kaurova, Olga V., editor

Published
2022
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47. Wine rankings and the Borda method.

Author

Barberà, Salvador, Bossert, Walter, and Moreno-Ternero, Juan D.

Subjects
WINES, PLURALITY voting, WINE ratings
Abstract

We propose to establish wine rankings using scores that depend on the differences between favorable and unfavorable opinions about each wine, according to the Borda rule. Unlike alternative approaches and specifications, this method is well-defined even if the panelists' quality relations are not required to exhibit demanding properties such as transitivity or acyclicity. As an illustration, we apply the method to rank wines assessed by different experts and compare the resulting ranking with that obtained according to Condorcet's method of majority voting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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48. When Do Firms Offer Higher Product Quality? Evidence from the Allocation of Inflight Amenities.

Author

Kim, Myongjin, Liu, Qihong, and Rupp, Nicholas G.

Subjects
PRODUCT quality, AIRLINE routes, TICKET sales, TOURIST attractions, WIRELESS Internet, FLIGHT
Abstract

We examine how competition impacts the provision of product quality. Using a unique data set of inflight amenities provided by U.S. airlines, we find that the composition of competition matters. There is significantly higher product quality - Wi-Fi, entertainment, and at-the-seat electrical power outlets - on on more competitive routes (with lower HHI). The presence of Southwest Airlines on the route, however, is shown to reduce product quality offerings. We also find significantly higher product quality on routes with more passengers, tourist destinations, and red-eye flights. We find lower posted base ticket prices on routes with Wi-Fi and entertainment amenities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Estimating the Costs of Standardization: Evidence from the Movie Industry.

Author

Caoui, El Hadi

Subjects
COST estimates, STANDARDIZATION, INNOVATION adoption, COUNTERFACTUALS (Logic), VIDEO game industry, VIDEO game development
Abstract

This article studies the decentralized adoption of a technology standard when network effects are present. If the new standard is incompatible with the current installed base, adoption may be inefficiently delayed. I quantify the magnitude of "excess inertia" in the switch of the movie distribution and exhibition industries from 35 mm film to digital. I specify and estimate a dynamic game of digital hardware adoption by theatres and digital movies supply by distributors. Counterfactual simulations establish that excess inertia reduces surplus by |$16\%$| relative to the first-best adoption path; network externalities explain |$41\%$| of the surplus loss. Targeted adoption subsidies or a mandate on digital distribution help bridge this welfare gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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