83 results on '"LANZINI, M"'
Search Results
2. An in vivo confocal microscopy and impression cytology analysis of preserved and unpreserved levobunolol-induced conjunctival changes
- Author
-
CIANCAGLINI, M., CARPINETO, P., AGNIFILI, L., NUBILE, M., FASANELLA, V., LANZINI, M., CALIENNO, R., and MASTROPASQUA, L.
- Published
- 2008
3. Morphological evaluation of blebs after filtering glaucoma surgery by means of in vivo confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography: 4453
- Author
-
LANZINI, M, NUBILE, M, FASANELLA, V, COSTANTINO, O, and MASTROPASQUA, L
- Published
- 2006
4. In vivo confocal microscopy in limbal epithelial damage: 3352
- Author
-
NUBILE, M, LANZINI, M, LIBERALI, T, CALIENNO, R, and MASTROPASQUA, L
- Published
- 2006
5. The expression of LGR5 in healthy human stem cell niches and its modulation in inflamed conditions
- Author
-
Claudia CURCIO, Lanzini, M., Calienno, R., Mastropasqua, R., and Marchini, G.
- Subjects
human cornea ,Aged, 80 and over ,Keratitis ,Endophthalmitis ,leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) protein,human cornea,inflammation,protein expression,limbal epithelial crypts ,limbal epithelial crypts ,Limbus Corneae ,Middle Aged ,Immunohistochemistry ,leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) protein ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,G-Protein-Coupled ,inflammation ,Case-Control Studies ,Receptors ,80 and over ,Aged ,Biomarkers ,Humans ,Stem Cell Niche ,sense organs ,protein expression ,Research Article - Abstract
Purpose The aims of this study are to investigate the expression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) protein in the normal human cornea and limbus and to analyze modifications of this expression under inflammatory conditions. Methods The expression of LGR5 was evaluated in seven limbal epithelial crypts (LECs), collected from healthy cadaver donors, and five inflamed LECs obtained from enucleated eyes. Central corneal buttons were used as controls. LGR5 protein distribution was determined by immunohistochemistry staining analysis. Results The cytoplasmic expression of LGR5 protein was observed in 100% of healthy LECs. Three out of five inflamed tissues analyzed were completely negative, while in the two remaining cases, we observed a moderate positivity in the basal cells of LECs. No relation was found between the expression of LGR5 and the grade of inflammatory cells. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the presence of LGR5-positive cells in human LECs and their decrease in inflamed conditions, which suggests a critical role of this protein during inflammation and its possible use as a marker in normal crypts.
- Published
- 2015
6. Rischio di crollo di cavità nel territorio del VI Municipio del Comune di Roma
- Author
-
MAZZA, Roberto, CAPELLI G, LANZINI M., Mazza, Roberto, Capelli, G, and Lanzini, M.
- Abstract
Viene presentato uno studio articolato in una serie di attività volte alla conoscenza del territorio in relazione alla presenza di cavità ipogee ed alla definizione di metodologie di indagine per la classificazione del rischio da crollo in relazione alle diverse configurazioni urbanistiche. Tale programma si configura come una prima fase di studi alla scala dell’intero territorio considerato. Sono stati, così, forniti al VI Municipio della Città di Roma gli strumenti di conoscenza e le metodologie operative per una corretta gestione dell’ambiente urbano, al fine di ottenere un miglior governo del rischio di crollo da voragine e un supporto per i relativi progetti di intervento preventivo e di recupero ambientale. Lo studio ha sviluppato, inoltre, un modello operativo di valutazione del rischio, utilizzabile anche nelle altre zone dell’area urbana di Roma ove sussistano le medesime problematiche ambientali. The study covered by this paper is part of a project aimed at improving the understanding of underground cavities in the area of the 6th sub-municipality (“VI Municipio”) of Rome. The study (1st stage of the project) identified underground cavities and developed methodologies of investigation suitable for the different land uses. As a result of the study, the authorities in charge of the sub-municipality were provided with resources to better understand and correctly manage their urban environment, mitigate the risk of underground cavity collapse and obtaining support for their prevention policies and environmental restoration projects. As part of the project, a risk assessment model, to be applied to other urban areas of Rome experiencing the same environmental issues, is also expected to be developed.
- Published
- 2008
7. Un caso esemplare: la stabilità degli edifici nell’area intorno a Viale Giustiniano Imperatore (IX Municipio)
- Author
-
CAMPOLUNGHI M. P, CAPELLI G, FUNICIELLO R, LANZINI M, CASACCHIA R., MAZZA, Roberto, CAMPOLUNGHI M., P, Capelli, G, Funiciello, R, Lanzini, M, Mazza, Roberto, and Casacchia, R.
- Abstract
Il progressivo aggravarsi della stabilità di alcuni edifici eretti nel settore sud orientale di Roma lungo Viale Giustiniano Imperatore intorno ai primi anni cinquanta, ha determinato il verificarsi di un progressivo peggioramento delle condizioni di sicurezza che ha portato l'Amministrazione Comunale di Roma ad emettere, nel novembre 2001 e nel novembre del 2004 ordinanze di sgombero per alcune famiglie residenti in edifici considerevolmente lesionati a causa di cedimenti strutturali. Si è, di conseguenza, resa necessaria l'attivazione di una procedura d'urgenza per consentire una soluzione definitiva e di qualità per i residenti trasferiti, attraverso la predisposizione di un programma di interventi attuato in un quadro generale di sostenibilità e compatibilità urbanistica con le ovvie finalità di interesse pubblico. L'ambito Giustiniano Imperatore rappresenta un caso emblematico; un'area che necessita di significativi provvedimenti di riqualificazione urbana che non si limitino ad una generale riorganizzazione e migliore dotazione delle aree e servizi pubblici, ma che contemplino anche la possibilità di intervenire sistematicamente con processi di sostituzione edilizia sull'intero sistema insediativo. Dal 2000, il Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche dell'Università "Roma TRE", chiamato dall'Amministrazione Comunale, effettua studi a carattere geologico - tecnico indirizzati alla comprensione delle dinamiche che hanno reso così "vulnerabile" questo territorio. Il presente lavoro riassume l'analisi delle componenti geologiche, idrogeologiche e geologiche-tecniche e di alcune componenti del tessuto urbano, la cui conoscenza è necessaria ai fini della progettazione degli interventi di tutela monitoraggio e sostituzione edilizia. During the early 50s, the stability of some buildings of "Viale Giustiniano Imperatore" in south-eastern Rome was rapidly growing worse. This started an urban housing emergency that in November 2001 and November 2004 led the local Administration to force some resident families to move out of their homes. As a matter of fact, structural settlement had seriously damaged many buildings. The situation called for a quick procedure that would give transferred residents a quality and definitive solution. A programme of housing projects was realized with an eye to urban sustainability and compatibility for the area, as well as to coherence with public interests. The "Giustiniano Imperatore" case is emblematic: the area needs significant urban retrofitting, which should not be limited to a general reorganization with better facilities and public services, but would also include a building replacement plan for the entire area. Since the year 2000, the Department of Geological Sciences of the University of "Roma Tre" has been charged by the local administration of the city of Rome with geological and technical studies aimed to understanding the phenomena that made this territory so vulnerable. This paper summarizes the analysis of geologicaltechnical issues and some urban texture issues, whose knowledge is mandatory for protection, monitoring, and building replacement plans.
- Published
- 2008
8. Un caso esemplare: la stabilità degli edifici nell'area intorno a Viale Giustiniano Imperatore (Roma, XI Municipio)
- Author
-
CAMPOLUNGHI M. P, FUNICIELLO R. LANZINI M, MAZZA R, CASACCHIA R., CAPELLI, Giuseppe, CAMPOLUNGHI M., P, Capelli, Giuseppe, FUNICIELLO R., LANZINI M, Mazza, R, and Casacchia, R.
- Subjects
geotecnucal studies ,alluvial depost ,urban developmant ,settlemen - Abstract
Il progressivo aggravarsi della stabilità di alcuni edifici eretti nel settore sud orientale di Roma lungo Viale Giustiniano Imperatore intorno ai primi anni cinquanta, ha determinato il verificarsi di un progressivo peggioramento delle condizioni di sicurezza che ha portato l'Amministrazione Comunale di Roma ad emettere, nel novembre 2001 e nel novembre del 2004 ordinanze di sgombero per alcune famiglie residenti in edifici considerevolmente lesionati a causa di cedimenti strutturali. Si è, di conseguenza, resa necessaria l'attivazione di una procedura d'urgenza per consentire una soluzione definitiva e di qualità per i residenti trasferiti, attraverso la predisposizione di un programma di interventi attuato in un quadro generale di sostenibilità e compatibilità urbanistica con le ovvie finalità di interesse pubblico. L'ambito Giustiniano Imperatore rappresenta un caso emblematico; un'area che necessita di significativi provvedimenti di riqualificazione urbana che non si limitino ad una generale riorganizzazione e migliore dotazione delle aree e servizi pubblici, ma che contemplino anche la possibilità di intervenire sistematicamente con processi di sostituzione edilizia sull'intero sistema insediativo. Dal 2000, il Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche dell'Università "Roma TRE", chiamato dall'Amministrazione Comunale, effettua studi a carattere geologico - tecnico indirizzati alla comprensione delle dinamiche che hanno reso così "vulnerabile" questo territorio. Il presente lavoro riassume l'analisi delle componenti geologiche, idrogeologiche e geologiche-tecniche e di alcune componenti del tessuto urbano, la cui conoscenza è necessaria ai fini della progettazione degli interventi di tutela monitoraggio e sostituzione edilizia. During the early 50s, the stability of some buildings of "Viale Giustiniano Imperatore" in south-eastern Rome was rapidly growing worse. This started an urban housing emergency that in November 2001 and November 2004 led the local Administration to force some resident families to move out of their homes. As a matter of fact, structural settlement had seriously damaged many buildings. The situation called for a quick procedure that would give transferred residents a quality and definitive solution. A programme of housing projects was realized with an eye to urban sustainability and compatibility for the area, as well as to coherence with public interests. The "Giustiniano Imperatore" case is emblematic: the area needs significant urban retrofitting, which should not be limited to a general reorganization with better facilities and public services, but would also include a building replacement plan for the entire area. Since the year 2000, the Department of Geological Sciences of the University of "Roma Tre" has been charged by the local administration of the city of Rome with geological and technical studies aimed to understanding the phenomena that made this territory so vulnerable. This paper summarizes the analysis of geologicaltechnical issues and some urban texture issues, whose knowledge is mandatory for protection, monitoring, and building replacement plans.
- Published
- 2008
9. Processi di subsidenza nei depositi alluvionali olocenici nella Città di Roma
- Author
-
CAMPOLUNGHI M. P, FUNICIELLO R, LANZINI M., CAPELLI, Giuseppe, CAMPOLUNGHI M., P, Capelli, Giuseppe, Funiciello, R, and Lanzini, M.
- Subjects
settlement ,Rome ,lithotechnical unit ,consolidation ,holocenic alluvial deposit ,Hazard - Abstract
The City of Rome is located in an area where long human activity and continuous transformation of the original terrain are tangible. The hydrographic networks of the Tiber's right and left banks have been modified more than once during historical times. Sometimes it has even been obliterated by urban growth (Capelli, G.,1999), so that today it is very hard, at least in the historical centre's area, to recognize the original terrain. Many of Rome’s streets run along the ancient courses of the Tiber's tributaries and many buildings lie upon alluvial deposits now buried by anthropogenic debris. Many structures overlying alluvium and debris have been damaged by subsidence and effects are visible in the buildings' uniform or differential settlement. In past, the alluvial deposits were considered as continuous bodies made of clayey-silty, sometimes sandy sediments. Instead, the formations are mainly heterogeneous and, as it will be made clear in this paper, consist of many facies (Kiersch, G.A,,1995). The geotechnical characterization of those units is mandatory for evaluating the geological environment's intrinsic hazard in urban areas, where the risk can reach very high values. This study has been carried out through the analysis of borehole and geotechnical data from three left-bank tributaries of the Tiber River the “Fosso del Velabro”, “Marrana della Caffarella”, “Fosso di Grotta Perfetta” and three right-bank tributaries (“Valle dell’Inferno”, a tributary stream of the “Fosso dei Tiradiavoli”, and the “Fosso della Maglianella”). Data about the Tiber’s alluvial deposit from various parts of the city were also included. Based on the geotechnical analysis, we created, for each deposit, a subdivision into lithotechnical units to make correlations and comparisons among the different deposits. The same level of detail has not been possible for all the stream valleys, since it is not always possible to obtain geotechnical data. Nonetheless, it is always been possible to define a stratigraphic series that would represent the examined deposit by subdividing it into units after stratigraphical and sedimentological observations.
- Published
- 2008
10. Le antiche alluvioni del Tevere ed i dissesti storici (Prati – Balduina - XVII Municipio)
- Author
-
LANZINI M, CAPELLI G., MAZZA, Roberto, Lanzini, M, Mazza, R, Capelli, Giuseppe, Mazza, Roberto, and Capelli, G.
- Subjects
Prati ,clay quarrie ,Tiber river valley ,flood ,urbanisasion - Abstract
Si esaminano gli aspetti geologici e geomorfologici del quartiere di Prati e delle pendici di Monte Mario, con particolare riferimento ai rapporti con il Fiume Tevere e con le disastrose alluvioni che hanno interessato storicamente l'area; inoltre si ricostruiscono le principali modificazioni antropiche ed urbanistiche che ha subito questo settore della piana tiberina dall'epoca romana ai nostri giorni. The study described in the paper was focused on the geology and geomorphology of the Prati district (17th sub-municipality) and of the area lying at the foot of the Monte Mario hill of Rome, namely on their relations with the Tiber river and the catastrophic floods which have historically hit the area. The study also reconstructed the main changes (in terms of human settlements and urbanisation) that this sector of the Tiber river plain has experienced from Roman times to date.
- Published
- 2008
11. I depositi alluvionali e il pericolo di subsidenza. Un caso esemplare: Via Giustiniano Imperatore, Roma
- Author
-
CAMPOLUNGHI MP, LANZINI M., CAPELLI, Giuseppe, Marina Fabbri, Fabio Garbin, Maurizio Lanzini, Maurizio Scarapazzi, Campolunghi, Mp, Capelli, Giuseppe, and Lanzini, M.
- Abstract
I depositi alluvionali rappresentano circa il 20% di tutte le formazioni affioranti sul territorio della Città di Roma all’interno del Grande Raccordo Anulare. Durante l’ultima glaciazione l’abbassamento del livello del mare ha causato una prevalenza, nei corsi d’acqua, dell’attività erosiva rispetto a quella deposizionale. Il Tevere ed i suoi affluenti hanno così, approfondito il loro alveo prima nei depositi vulcanici albani e sabatini e successivamente nei depositi dell’antico corso del Tevere, fino a giungere alle argille Plioceniche (Formazione di Monte Vaticano). Con la fine del Wurm e l’innalzamento del livello del mare, nei fiumi inizia a prevalere l’attività deposizionale e le profonde incisioni della fase fredda sono colmate da depositi alluvionali. Ai depositi alluvionali sono associate “pericolosità geologiche” che si manifestano sia in condizioni dinamiche sia in condizioni statiche. In condizioni “dinamiche”, ovvero in presenza di un sisma, tali formazioni sono sede di amplificazioni delle onde sismiche a causa della differenza di impedenza tra il bedrock ed il deposito alluvionale stesso. In situazioni “statiche” alcuni dei depositi alluvionali possono manifestare fenomeni di subsidenza e di relativo cedimento delle strutture edificate sulla loro superficie, in quanto tali formazioni si presentano frequentemente ancora in fase di consolidazione. Viene trattato un caso empblematico a Roma, relativo ad un’area del settore sud-orientale della Città.
- Published
- 2007
12. La struttura geologica dell’area romana e il Tevere
- Author
-
FUNICIELLO, Renato, CAMPOLUNGHI, MARIA PAOLA, CECILI, Alessandro, TESTA O., LANZINI M., Atti Convegni Lincei, vol. 218., Funiciello, Renato, Testa, O., Campolunghi, MARIA PAOLA, Lanzini, M., and Cecili, Alessandro
- Abstract
Roma, il Paleotevere e il corso attuale del Tevere. La crescita della città; i depositi alluvionali e i riporti. Il fiume e l'assetto strutturale del substrato. Processi alluvionali del Tevere dal XVI secolo al XX secolo. Le piene del Tevere del XVI secolo. Le piene del Tevere tra il XVII e il XVIII secolo. Le piene del Tevere nel XIX secolo. Le piene del Tevere nel XX secolo. Depositi alluvionali olocenici. Caratteri stratigrafici generali dei depositi alluvionali olocenici nella città di Roma. I modelli stratigrafici dei principali depositi alluvionali in Roma.
- Published
- 2005
13. Amniotic membrane transplantation for the management of corneal epithelial defects: An in vivo confocal microscopic
- Author
-
Nubile, M, Dua, Hs, Lanzini, M, Carpineto, P, Ciancaglini, Marco, Toto, L, and Mastropasqua, L.
- Published
- 2008
14. Amniotic membrane transplantation
- Author
-
LANZINI, M, primary, CALIENNO, R, additional, CURCIO, C, additional, CIAFRè, M, additional, COLASANTE, M, additional, NUBILE, M, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, L, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. S100 expression in normal and pathological sclerocorneal limbus
- Author
-
CALIENNO, R, primary, CURCIO, C, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, NUBILE, M, additional, COLASANTE, M, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, L, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. CREB is involved in growth of pterygia
- Author
-
CURCIO, C, primary, CALIENNO, R, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, NUBILE, M, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, L, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Trop 1 gene is overexpressed in pterygia
- Author
-
CALIENNO, R, primary, CURCIO, C, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, LA SORDA, R, additional, PIANTELLI, M, additional, COLASANTE, M, additional, and NUBILE, M, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Pathological changes of anatomical structure and markers of limbal stem cell niche due to inflammation
- Author
-
CURCIO, C, primary, CALIENNO, R, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, PEDROTTI, E, additional, NUBILE, M, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, L, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. In search for correlation among markers for limbal stem cells niche
- Author
-
CURCIO, C, primary, CALIENNO, R, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, IEZZI, M, additional, MARIOTTI, M, additional, COLESANTI, M, additional, and NUBILE, M, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Detection of osmoprotective effect of topical compatible solutes on ocular surface epithelia
- Author
-
CALIENNO, R, primary, NUBILE, M, additional, LANZINI, M, additional, CURCIO, C, additional, COLESANTE, M, additional, CIAFRE, M, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, A, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. In vivo confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of corneal conjunctivalization
- Author
-
LANZINI, M, primary, NUBILE, M, additional, CALIENNO, R, additional, COLESANTI, E, additional, CIAFRE, M, additional, CURCIO, C, additional, and MASTROPASQUA, L, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Pathological changes of the anatomical structure and markers of the limbal stem cell niche due to inflammation
- Author
-
Nubile, M., Curcio, C., Dua, H. S., Calienno, R., Lanzini, M., Manuela Iezzi, Mastropasqua, R., Agnifili, L., and Mastropasqua, L.
- Subjects
Aged, 80 and over ,Inflammation ,Keratitis ,Limbus Corneae ,Middle Aged ,eye diseases ,Case-Control Studies ,80 and over ,Aged ,Biomarkers ,Eye Proteins ,Humans ,Inflammation Mediators ,Stem Cell Niche ,sense organs ,Research Article - Abstract
Purpose The corneoscleral limbus is the site of corneal epithelial stem cells (SC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of different SC markers in the normal human limbus and to determine how this is affected by inflammation. Methods Corneoscleral specimens from healthy and inflamed donor eyes were examined by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence for p63, vimentin, laminin 5, integrin α6, β1, β4, ABCG2, desmoglein 3, connexin 43, N-cadherin, and cytokeratins 12 and 15. The distribution and anatomic structure of the limbal crypts and the percentage of SC marker antigens in healthy donors were analyzed. In inflamed tissues, we evaluated the anatomic structure of the limbal epithelial crypt (LEC) and the positivity for SC markers. Results In normal limbus, the niche structures were distributed differently. The variability of their number correlated with the percentage of p63 positivity. Integrin β1 staining directly correlated with p63 positivity while the remaining proteins were variably and widely distributed. Double staining for p63 and vimentin did not reveal any co-localization. In inflamed eyes, the basal cells in the crypts were “stretched” and surrounded by inflammatory cells, and only a few SC markers were still present. Conclusions Diseases involving the limbus may result in marked changes of expression of SC markers within the LEC and also alter the crypt structure.
23. Geotechnical studies for foundation settlement in Holocenic alluvial deposits in the City of Rome (Italy)
- Author
-
Maria Paola Campolunghi, Renato Funiciello, M. Lanzini, Giuseppe Capelli, CAMPOLUNGHI M., P, Capelli, Giuseppe, Funiciello, R, and Lanzini, M.
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,hazard ,Rome ,Geology ,Holocenic alluvial deposit ,lithotechnical unit ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,settlement ,Tributary ,Alluvium ,Geotechnical engineering ,Zoning ,consolidation ,Holocene - Abstract
This study identifies units characterized by specific geomechanical behaviours within some Holocene alluvial deposits in the City of Rome. In particular, the highly compressible units, which may be responsible for subsidence and settlement phenomena below urban structures, have been identified. Investigations carried out during this study have interpreted nearly 800 stratigraphic sections and physical–mechanical features of the alluvial deposits of the Tiber and those of its right- and left-bank tributaries. The analysis allowed to define, for each investigated deposit, a representative series subdivided into lithotechnical units. When comparing the stratigraphic and geologic features among the series, a remarkable difference in geomechanical behaviour in the deposits from the Tiber's left- and right-bank tributaries and within the river's deposits themselves could be recognized. A yield hazard zoning for urban structures related to recent alluvial deposits has also been defined.
- Published
- 2007
24. Ex Vivo Lenticule Customization for Stromal Lenticule Addition Keratoplasty.
- Author
-
Nubile M, Alio Del Barrio JL, Cerino L, Salgari N, El Zarif M, Totta M, Lanzini M, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Humans, Lasers, Excimer therapeutic use, Female, Male, Adult, Surgical Flaps, Aberrometry, Refraction, Ocular physiology, Corneal Transplantation methods, Middle Aged, Corneal Stroma surgery, Corneal Stroma transplantation, Keratoconus surgery, Keratoconus physiopathology, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Corneal Topography, Photorefractive Keratectomy methods
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal shape of customized lenticules for stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty (SLAK) for off-centered ectasia., Methods: Two different methods to create ex vivo models of eccentric-keratoconus were investigated. Twelve human corneas were used to create model 1 by a hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and model 2 by masked phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) on the anterior corneal surface, whereas both types received myopic ablation of the posterior surface. Keratoconus models underwent a modified femtosecond laser (FSL) flap-cut to create stromal pockets. Sixteen human corneas underwent FSL dissection to obtain four lenticule types: type I (planar) and type II (negative) lenticules were used without modifications, whereas type III (customized-planar), and type IV (customized-negative) lenticules underwent further masked-PRK to obtain an asymmetric bow-tie shape. Topographic, aberrometric analysis, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were performed in all recipient corneas before and after lenticule implantation., Results: Keratoconus model was successfully reproduced. Tomographic analysis showed a significant inferiorly decentered corneal steepening with coherent stromal thinning. Model 2 reproduced better the curvature of real keratoconus. Lenticules type I implantation induced a homogeneous corneal thickening, type III produced higher thickening in the inferior half of the cornea. Type II determined a maximal peripheral pachymetric increase, with a gradual reduction toward the center, and type IV presented an asymmetric peripheral thickening. Topographic assessment showed a cone apex flattening in all cases, but it was significantly higher in types II and IV. Customized lenticules improved significantly corneal surface regularity regarding types I and II., Conclusions: The approach of customizing lenticules by increasing their asymmetry and tailoring the re-shaping effects, may improve SLAK outcomes in eccentric keratoconus.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Refractive surgery and dry eye.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Barboni P, Savini G, Aragona E, D'Aloisio R, Lanzini M, Agnifili L, Galzignato A, Solimeo A, Knutsson KA, and Messmer EM
- Abstract
Refractive surgery is one of the most common elective surgeries performed worldwide. The incidence of dry eye disease (DED) after corneal refractive surgery varies among different studies. Pre-existing untreated DED has been identified as a risk factor for postsurgical dry eye symptoms. On the basis of both evidence and clinical experience, some recommendations for ocular surface and DED management pre- and post-refractive surgery are described. In aqueous deficiency Dry Eye Disease, preservative-free lubricating drops should be preferred, in addition to ointment and gel forms. Topical anti-inflammatory agents (Cyclosporine 0.1%, hydrocortisone phosphate, fluorometholone) should be used for 3-6 months in cases of ocular surface damage. The therapy of evaporative DED includes lifestyle modifications, lid hygiene (either performed by the patient or offered as professional lid hygiene by the physician), use of lubricating eye drops with lipid components, topical and/or systemic antibiotic treatment with anti-inflammatory properties and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL-) Treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Bioengineered Human Stromal Lenticule for Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor Release: A Potential Biocompatible Ocular Drug Delivery System.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Nubile M, Acerra G, Detta N, Pelusi L, Lanzini M, Mattioli S, Santalucia M, Pietrangelo L, Allegretti M, Dua HS, Mehta JS, Pandolfi A, and Mandatori D
- Abstract
Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), is a surgical procedure for the myopia correction, during which a corneal stromal lenticule is extracted. Given that we have previously demonstrated how this discarded tissue could be repurposed as a bio-scaffold for stromal engineering, this study aimed to explore its use as an ocular drug delivery system of active molecules, using neurotrophic factor Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). We employed human stromal lenticules directly collected from healthy donors undergoing SMILE. Following a sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) treatment, decellularized lenticules were incubated with a suspension of polylactic-co-glycolic-acid (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) loaded with recombinant human NGF (rhNGF-MPs). Fluorescent MPs (Fluo-MPs) were used as control. Data demonstrated the feasibility to engineer decellularized lenticules with PLGA-MPs which remain incorporated both on the lenticules surface and in its stromal. Following their production, the in vitro release kinetic showed a sustained release for up to 1 month of rhNGF from MPs loaded to the lenticule. Interestingly, rhNGF was rapidly released in the first 24 h, but it was sustained up to the end of the experiment (1 month), with preservation of rhNGF activity (around 80%). Our results indicated that decellularized human stromal lenticules could represent a biocompatible, non-immunogenic natural scaffold potential useful for ocular drug delivery. Therefore, combining the advantages of tissue engineering and pharmaceutical approaches, this in vitro proof-of-concept study suggests the feasibility to use this scaffold to allow target release of rhNGF in vivo or other pharmaceutically active molecules that have potential to treat ocular diseases., Competing Interests: Authors GA, ND, SM, and MA are employed by Dompé Farmaceutici SpA. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Mastropasqua, Nubile, Acerra, Detta, Pelusi, Lanzini, Mattioli, Santalucia, Pietrangelo, Allegretti, Dua, Mehta, Pandolfi and Mandatori.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Tear proteomics reveals the molecular basis of the efficacy of human recombinant nerve growth factor treatment for Neurotrophic Keratopathy.
- Author
-
Pieragostino D, Lanzini M, Cicalini I, Cufaro MC, Damiani V, Mastropasqua L, De Laurenzi V, Nubile M, Lanuti P, Bologna G, Agnifili L, and Del Boccio P
- Subjects
- Administration, Topical, Corneal Diseases metabolism, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Nerve Growth Factor pharmacology, Prospective Studies, Rare Diseases, Recombinant Proteins, Corneal Diseases drug therapy, Nerve Growth Factor therapeutic use, Proteome, Tears metabolism
- Abstract
Neurotrophic Keratopathy (NK), classified as an orphan disease (ORPHA137596), is a rare degenerative corneal disease characterized by epithelial instability and decreased corneal sensitivity caused by the damage to the corneal nerves. The administration of human recombinant nerve growth factor (rhNGF) eye drops, as a licensed-in-Europe specific medication for treatment of moderate and severe NK, has added promising perspectives to the management of this disorder by providing a valid alternative to the neurotization surgery. However, few studies have been conducted to the molecular mechanism underlying the response to the treatment. Here, we carried out tears proteomics to highlight the protein expression during pharmacological treatment of NK (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD025408).Our data emphasized a proteome modulation during rhNGF treatment related to an increase in DNA synthesis, an activation of both BDNF signal and IL6 receptor. Furthermore, the amount of neuronal Extracellular Vesicles EVs (CD171+) correlated with the EVs carrying IL6R (CD126+) together associated to the inflammatory EVs (CD45+) in tears. Such scenario determined drug response, confirmed by an in vivo confocal microscopy analysis, showing an increase in length, density and number of nerve fiber branches during treatment. In summary, rhNGF treatment seems to determine an inflammatory micro-environment, mediated by functionalized EVs, defining the drug response by stimulating protein synthesis and fiber regeneration., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of genes involved in keratinization in the tears of COVID-19 patients.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Toto L, Chiricosta L, Diomede F, Gugliandolo A, Silvestro S, Marconi GD, Sinjari B, Vecchiet J, Cipollone F, D'Ardes D, Auricchio A, Lanzini M, Caputi S, D'Aloisio R, Mazzon E, and Trubiani O
- Subjects
- Aged, B-Lymphocytes metabolism, COVID-19 pathology, COVID-19 virology, Eye Diseases genetics, Female, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing methods, Humans, Keratins metabolism, Male, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Sequence Analysis, RNA methods, Skin metabolism, Skin pathology, Skin virology, Tears virology, COVID-19 genetics, Eye Diseases virology, Tears metabolism, Transcriptome
- Abstract
Recent studies have focused their attention on conjunctivitis as one of the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, tear samples were taken from COVID-19 patients and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was evidenced using Real Time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The main aim of this study was to analyze mRNA expression in the tears of patients with COVID-19 compared with healthy subjects using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The functional evaluation of the transcriptome highlighted 25 genes that differ statistically between healthy individuals and patients affected by COVID-19. In particular, the NGS analysis identified the presence of several genes involved in B cell signaling and keratinization. In particular, the genes involved in B cell signaling were downregulated in the tears of COVID-19 patients, while those involved in keratinization were upregulated. The results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 may induce a process of ocular keratinization and a defective B cell response., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Teleophthalmology in COVID-19 era: an Italian ophthalmology department experience.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, D'Aloisio R, Brescia L, Lanzini M, Bondì J, Libertini D, Mastropasqua R, D'Onofrio G, Zuppardi E, Toto L, and Agnifili L
- Subjects
- Humans, Italy, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Ophthalmology, Telemedicine
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Topical preservative-free ophthalmic treatments: an unmet clinical need.
- Author
-
Figus M, Agnifili L, Lanzini M, Brescia L, Sartini F, Mastropasqua L, and Posarelli C
- Subjects
- Humans, Ophthalmic Solutions, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical adverse effects, Antihypertensive Agents, Glaucoma drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction : The main role of preservatives in eyedrops is to ensure sterility and microbiological integrity of the drug, and to facilitate the penetration of active compounds into the eye. However, several studies documented significant toxic effects induced by preservatives, especially on the ocular surface. Consequently, most of the ophthalmic medications became progressively available in preservative-free (PF) formulations. Areas covered : We analyzed pre-clinical and clinical studies on PF eyedrops with particular attention to common chronic diseases such as dry eye and glaucoma. We discussed about the pros and cons of using PF eyedrops, in terms of efficacy, safety, and social-economic aspects. Expert opinion : There are still unresolved issues that make hard for PF medications to definitively conquer the drug market. Despite robust pre-clinical evidences of less toxicity, the low number of randomized clinical trials does not permit to state that PF eyedrops have, in clinical practice, a similar efficacy or a higher safety compared to preserved forms. These aspects limit their use to chronic diseases requiring long-term therapies with multiple daily instillations, especially in the presence of concomitant ophthalmic diseases that expose to a risk of ocular surface worsening.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Face Mask-Related Ocular Surface Modifications During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Clinical, In Vivo Confocal Microscopy, and Immune-Cytology Study.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Lanzini M, Brescia L, D'Aloisio R, Nubile M, Ciancaglini M, D'Amario C, Agnifili L, and Mastropasqua R
- Subjects
- Humans, Masks, Microscopy, Confocal, Quality of Life, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the face mask (FM)-related ocular surface changes using clinical tests, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and impression cytology (IC), and to investigate the Dry Eye-related Quality of life Score (DEQS)., Methods: Sixty-six patients with dry eye disease (DED) and 62 healthy subjects (group 2) using FM were enrolled. Groups were divided into: groups 1A and 2A: < 3 hours of FM wear; groups 1B and 2B: 3 to 6 hours; and groups 1C and 2C: > 6 hours. Patients underwent DEQS questionnaire, break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test I (STI), fluorescein and lissamine staining (FS and LS), IVCM to determine corneal dendritic cell density (DCD) and goblet cell density (GCD), and IC to measure HLA-DR, at baseline and after 3 months., Results: FM use duration before enrollment was 27 ± 2.3 and 30 ± 4.1 (days ± SD) for groups 1 and 2 (P > 0.05). After 3 months, DEQS worsened in groups 1B and 1C, STI in groups 1A to 1C, FS and LS in group 1C (P < 0.05); in controls, BUT and FS worsened only in group 2C (P < 0.05). DCD significantly increased in groups 1A to 1C and HLA-DR in groups 1B and 1C (P < 0.05), whereas GCD did not significantly change. DCD and HLA-DR increased only in group 2C (P < 0.05). DEQS significantly correlated with DCD (P = 0.05, r = 0.698; P < 0.001, r = 0.832) and HLA-DR (P = 0.043, r = -0.687; P < 0.001, r = 0.861) at baseline and 3 months., Conclusions: Use of FM increases ocular surface inflammation and negatively impacts the quality of life in patients with DED., Translational Relevance: The study of the prolonged use of FM effects may be relevant to managing DED.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Epithelial and stromal remodelling following femtosecond laser-assisted stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty (SLAK) for keratoconus.
- Author
-
Nubile M, Salgari N, Mehta JS, Calienno R, Erroi E, Bondì J, Lanzini M, Liu YC, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Corneal Stroma physiopathology, Humans, Keratoconus physiopathology, Prospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Visual Acuity physiology, Cornea surgery, Corneal Stroma surgery, Corneal Transplantation methods, Keratoconus surgery
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate corneal epithelium and stromal remodelling with anterior segment optical coherence tomography in patients who have undergone stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty (SLAK) for advanced keratoconus. This was a prospective non-comparative observational study. Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with advanced keratoconus underwent implantation with a cadaveric, donor negative meniscus-shaped intrastromal lenticule, produced with a femtosecond laser, into a stromal pocket dissected in the recipient cornea at a depth of 120 μm. Simulated keratometry, central corneal thickness (CTT), corneal thinnest point (CTP), central epithelial thickness (CET), central and peripheral lenticule thickness, anterior and posterior stromal thickness were measured. Regional central corneal epithelial thickness (CET) and variations in the inner annular area (IAT) and outer annular area (OAT) were also analysed. All parameters were measured preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The average anterior Sim-k decreased from 59.63 ± 7.58 preoperatively to 57.19 ± 6.33 D 6 months postoperatively. CCT, CTP, CET, and OAT increased and IAT decreased significantly after 1 month. All parameters appeared unchanged at 6-months except that of OAT that further increased. Lenticule thickness was stable. In conclusion we observed that SLAK reshapes the cornea by central flattening with stromal thickening and epithelial thickness restoration.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. In Vivo Evaluation of Corneal Nerves and Epithelial Healing After Treatment With Recombinant Nerve Growth Factor for Neurotrophic Keratopathy.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Lanzini M, Dua HS, D' Uffizi A, Di Nicola M, Calienno R, Bondì J, Said DG, and Nubile M
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cornea pathology, Cornea physiopathology, Corneal Ulcer drug therapy, Corneal Ulcer physiopathology, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Recombinant Proteins, Sensation physiology, Cornea innervation, Corneal Ulcer diagnosis, Epithelium, Corneal pathology, Nerve Fibers pathology, Nerve Growth Factor therapeutic use
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the renewal of corneal nerve structure and function in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) treated with recombinant human nerve growth factor (rhNGF) eye drops., Design: Prospective, interventional, before-and-after case series., Methods: This study included 18 patients with NK with a persistent epithelial defect or corneal ulcer, treated with topical rhNGF, and age-matched healthy controls. Patients underwent clinical examination with corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer 1 tear test, assessment of corneal sensitivity with the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, and morphologic examination of the nerves by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. IVCM analysis was used to assess corneal sub-basal nerve density, number of nerve branches, and the diameter of nerve fibers., Results: A complete resolution of the epithelial defect was observed in all patients within 8 weeks. Schirmer 1 test showed a significant improvement of tear film secretion. Change from baseline in corneal sensation was significant (P < .001) but did not approach that of healthy controls. After 8 weeks of treatment, there was a significant increase in the mean nerve density in affected eyes as compared to baseline (P = .007) as well as in the number of nerve branches (P = .008) and nerve fiber diameter (P = .007)., Conclusions: Topical treatment with rhNGF was effective in promoting complete corneal healing of persistent epithelial defects and corneal ulcers in patients with NK. This was associated with an improvement of corneal sensitivity and an increase of sub-basal nerve density, diameter, and number of nerve branches, indicating improvement in structure and function of corneal nerves., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of Stromal Lenticule Addition Keratoplasty for Advanced Keratoconus.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Salgari N, D'Ugo E, Lanzini M, Alió Del Barrio JL, Alió JL, Cochener B, and Nubile M
- Subjects
- Adult, Corneal Keratocytes pathology, Corneal Stroma innervation, Corneal Stroma pathology, Corneal Topography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Keratoconus physiopathology, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Ophthalmic Nerve pathology, Refraction, Ocular physiology, Slit Lamp Microscopy, Visual Acuity physiology, Corneal Stroma transplantation, Corneal Surgery, Laser methods, Keratoconus surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the in vivo corneal microscopic changes after femtosecond laser-assisted stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty in keratoconus by means of in vivo confocal microscopy., Methods: Patients affected by advanced keratoconus were included in the study. Negative meniscus-shaped stromal lenticules, produced with a femtosecond laser (VisuMax; Carl Zeiss Meditec) from eye bank corneas were transplanted into a stromal pocket dissected in the recipient cornea at a depth of 120 µm. In vivo confocal microscopy was performed during the 12-month follow-up to investigate changes of the corneal and lenticule structure., Results: Ten patients were enrolled in the study. No changes of the dendritic cell population were documented during the follow-up period. Mild edema and stromal keratocyte activation gradually decreased during the first month. Subbasal nerve density returned to preoperative values after 6 months. Donor-recipient interfaces appeared hyperreflective but gradually improved over time with significantly reduced reflectivity after 3 months. No evidence of stromal inflammatory cell migration or matrix opacification was observed. Endothelial and keratocyte density remained stable over time. A variable degree of stromal radially distributed folds, not visible on biomicroscopy, was observed in the lenticule and in the posterior recipient stroma., Conclusions: Stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty produces transitory nerve plexus density reduction and minor inflammatory reaction that rapidly decreases during the first month. Donor-recipient interface reflectivity is comparable to a femtosecond laser refractive procedure with no sign of stromal opacification or stromal rejection in 1 year of follow-up. [J Refract Surg. 2020;36(8):544-550.]., (Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. In vivo and in vitro results of an automated preloaded delivery system for IOL implantation in cataract surgery.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Toto L, D'Ugo E, Lanzini M, Mattei PA, Falconio G, Doronzo E, Diomede F, and Trubiani O
- Subjects
- Aged, Endothelium, Corneal ultrastructure, Equipment Design, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Prospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Cataract diagnostic imaging, Lens Implantation, Intraocular instrumentation, Lenses, Intraocular, Phacoemulsification methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare the corneal tissue trauma after the use of an automated preloaded injector and a manual injector and assess scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) features of both injector cartridges., Setting: Ophthalmology Clinic and Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical study METHODS: Forty eyes of 40 patients for phacoemulsification were divided into two groups: implantation of intraocular lens was performed with AutonoMe automated delivery system (AutonoMe group: 20 eyes) and Monarch III injector system (Monarch group: 20 eyes). In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were performed before surgery, at 1 h, 1 day and 1 month post-operatively. In addition, SEM and AFM were performed on cartridges of both injector systems after injection of the IOL., Results: A greater increase in central corneal thickness and corneal thickness at the incision site were observed in Monarch group versus AutonoMe group 1 h and 1 day post-operatively (p < 0.05). Endothelial cell count loss was significantly higher in Monarch group compared with AutonoMe group (p < 0.05) at 1 and 24 h. AS-OCT showed less endothelial misalignment at 30 days (p < 0.05), and IVCM showed less tunnel inflammation at all time points (p < 0.05) in AutonoMe group compared with Monarch group; roughness analysis at AFM of the AutonoMe cartridge was significantly lower compared to Monarch D cartridge (p < 0.05)., Conclusions: The AutonoMe injector provided less corneal tissue trauma compared with Monarch III injector. The AutonoMe cartridge showed lower roughness at AFM compared to the Monarch D cartridge.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. In vivo microscopic and optical coherence tomography classification of neurotrophic keratopathy.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Nubile M, Lanzini M, Calienno R, and Dua HS
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Corneal Diseases classification, Corneal Diseases diagnostic imaging, Corneal Diseases pathology
- Abstract
Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is a rare degenerative corneal disorder characterized by instability of epithelial integrity with consequent epithelial defects that can worsen up to persistent epithelial defects with stromal melting and ulceration. The pathogenesis of NK springs from a variable degree of damage to the trigeminal nerve plexus, leading to a reduction or total loss of corneal sensitivity. Mackie classification (1995) distinguishes three stages of NK, based on the severity of clinical presentation. The technological innovations in corneal diagnostic imaging allow clinicians to accurately study the morphometry and morphology of corneal structure with microscopic resolution. In this study, 45 patients affected by NK at different stages underwent in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) with particular attention to analyze subbasal nerve plexus fibers and the stromal structure. At the light of IVCM and AS-OCT observations, we propose a different staging of NK with respect to the Mackie's classification that takes into account the severity of subbasal nerve fibers damage and the extension in depth of stromal ulceration; this classification better defines, at the time of diagnosis, the cellular and structural alterations in the affected corneas, with possible prognostic and therapeutic values in the management of NK., (© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. In vivo and ex vivo evaluation of cell-cell interactions, adhesion and migration in ocular surface of patients undergone excimer laser refractive surgery after topical therapy with different lubricant eyedrops.
- Author
-
Calienno R, Curcio C, Lanzini M, Nubile M, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Adult, Conjunctiva cytology, Conjunctiva drug effects, Cornea cytology, Cornea drug effects, Epithelium, Corneal cytology, Epithelium, Corneal drug effects, Female, Humans, Lasers, Excimer, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium therapeutic use, Cell Adhesion drug effects, Cell Communication drug effects, Cell Movement drug effects, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Hyaluronic Acid therapeutic use, Lubricant Eye Drops therapeutic use, Myopia surgery, Refractive Surgical Procedures adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate, in vivo by means of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and ex vivo by impression cytology, epithelial cellular damage after excimer laser refractive surgery in patients under different topical lubricant therapies., Methods: Two hundred eyes of 100 patients, undergone bilateral excimer laser refractive surgery for medium myopic error correction [spherical equivalent refraction from -1.75 to -3.50 dioptres (D) with refractive astigmatism under -0.75 D], have been recruited. All patients received, in addition to standard therapy for refractive surgery, high weight hyaluronic acid 0.2% eyedrops in one randomly selected eye and carboxymethylcellulose 1% eyedrop in the comparator eye (control eye) 4 times daily for 90 days. Follow-up included a baseline visit and further examination 7-, 30- and 90-day intervals [clinical evaluation with Schirmer test and tear break-up time (TBUT), IVCM and impression cytology]., Results: No significant difference in Schirmer test and TBUT was observed during the follow-up period in eyes under different therapies. IVCM showed an improvement of conjunctival and corneal epithelial cells quality in eye in treatment with high weight hyaluronic acid 0.2% when compared to carboxymethylcellulose. Conjunctival impression cytology demonstrated an evident positivity for CD44 in eyes treated with both treatments in all follow-up controls. ICAM1 expression showed an increasing positivity starting at 30 days that became statistically significant after 90 days of high weight hyaluronic acid 0.2% therapy (p = 0.0167)., Conclusions: In vivo and in vitro results showed the effectiveness of high weight hyaluronic acid 0.2% in facilitating cell-cell interaction, migration, cell proliferation, stabilizing epithelial barrier of the ocular surface. Moreover, use of high weight hyaluronic acid in treatment of corneal tissue damage after refractive surgery, in concordance with standard topical corticosteroids and antibiotics therapy, could be effective in promoting corneal epithelial wound healing with consequent good results in clinical outcome and patients' satisfaction.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Performance of the biological rhythms interview for assessment in neuropsychiatry: An item response theory and actigraphy analysis.
- Author
-
Allega OR, Leng X, Vaccarino A, Skelly M, Lanzini M, Hidalgo MP, Soares CN, Kennedy SH, and Frey BN
- Subjects
- Actigraphy, Adult, Bipolar Disorder urine, Case-Control Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major urine, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin analogs & derivatives, Melatonin urine, Rest physiology, Self Report, Sleep physiology, Sleep Wake Disorders urine, Bipolar Disorder physiopathology, Circadian Rhythm physiology, Depressive Disorder, Major physiopathology, Sleep Wake Disorders etiology
- Abstract
Background: Biological rhythm disturbances are widely associated with the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The Biological Rhythms Interview for Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) is a self-report that indexes rhythm disturbance in sleep, activity, social and eating patterns. The aim of this study was to perform an Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis of the BRIAN and investigate its associations with objective sleep and rhythm disturbance measures., Methods: 103 subjects (31 bipolar, 32 major depression and 40 healthy volunteers) wore an actiwatch for fifteen days, and completed a first morning urine sample and the BRIAN on day 15. IRT analysis assessed individual BRIAN items and their relationship to total score. Individual actiwatch records were processed to produce a sequence of transitions between rest/activity, and a likelihood of transitioning between states was calculated to investigate sleep-wake dynamics. Cosinor analysis produced daily activity rhythms (DARs). Spearman correlations were used to assess the association between sleep/DAR variables and the BRIAN., Results: IRT analyses showed that 11 of 18 BRIAN items displayed a high level of discrimination between item options across a range of BRIAN total scores. Total BRIAN score correlated with wake after sleep onset, total activity count during sleep, and urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin. BRIAN Activity domain correlated with the daytime transition probability from rest to activity., Limitations: The sample size may have been underpowered for the graded-response model employed in IRT. The study lacked an objective comparison for BRIAN eating and social domain., Conclusion: The present study reveals the BRIAN displays promising external validity compared to objective parameters of circadian rhythmicity., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Interference figures of polarimetric interferometry analysis of the human corneal stroma.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua R, Nubile M, Salgari N, Lanzini M, Calienno R, Mattei PA, Sborgia A, and Agnifili L
- Subjects
- Adult, Corneal Topography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Corneal Stroma pathology, Interferometry methods
- Abstract
A rotating polarimetric 90°-cross linear-filter interferometry system was used to detect the morphological characteristics and features of interference patterns produced in in-vivo corneal stroma in healthy human corneas of 23 subjects. The characteristic corneal isogyres presenting with an evident cross-shaped pattern, grossly aligned with the fixation axis, were observed in all patients with centers within the pupillary dark area, impeding the exact determination of the center point. During the rotational scan in 78.3% of the eyes the cross-shaped pattern of the isogyre gradually separated to form two distinct hyperbolic arcs in opposite quadrants, reaching their maximal separation at 45 degrees with respect to angle of cross-shaped pattern formation. The corneal cross and hyperbolic-pattern repeated every 90° throughout the 360° rotational scan. While the interpretation of the isogyres presents particular difficulties, two summary parameters can be extracted for each cornea: the presence/orientation of a single or two dark areas in post-processed images and isochromes. However, the development of dedicated software for semi-quantitative analysis of these parameters and enantiomorphism may become available in the near future. The possible application of polarimetric interferometry in the field of both corneal pathologies and corneal surgery may be of great interest for clinical purposes.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Opaque bubble layer incidence in Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK: comparison among different flap design parameters.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Calienno R, Lanzini M, Salgari N, De Vecchi S, Mastropasqua R, and Nubile M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Corneal Pachymetry, Corneal Stroma pathology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myopia physiopathology, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Corneal Stroma surgery, Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ methods, Lasers, Excimer therapeutic use, Myopia surgery, Refraction, Ocular, Surgical Flaps, Visual Acuity
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of opaque bubble layer (OBL) in femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flaps created with the support of Visumax Carl Zeiss femtosecond laser, planned with different flap diameters (7.90, 8.0, and 8.20 mm) and the same laser energy and power settings. Incidence of intraoperative OBL in flaps of consecutive 108 patients (216 eyes) subjected to bilateral femtosecond-assisted LASIK was considered. Flap creation was performed with the same laser design parameters (spot distance and energy offset) and different presetting diameters of 7.90 mm (72 eyes, group 1), 8 mm (72 eyes, group 2), and 8.20 mm (72 eyes, group 3). The incidence of OBL was considered and its extension was reported measuring involvement of different four corneal flap quadrants in which was theoretically divided the entire flap area; based on these data, OBL presence was classified as none (no evidence of OBL), minimal (minimal presence in not more that one quadrants corneal flap), mild (OBL presence in almost two or three quadrants without tendency to invade central cornea), and moderate (OBL presence in almost three quadrants with tendency to invade central cornea). In group 1, the incidence of OBL was of 23.6 % (17 eyes) with a mild/moderate presence; in group 2, incidence was 20.8 % (15 eyes) with mild presence. Group 3 presented a reduced OBL incidence (4.1 %, 3 eye) with a minimal presence. No statistically significant difference was found between group 1 and 2 (p = 0.8414).We found statistically significant differences between group 1 and group 3 (p = 0.0012) and between groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.0044). A significant reduction and extension of OBL incidence were evident when LASIK flap settings diameter was increased, and flap edge was closer to the contact glass border; this is probably consequent to a more effective gas dispersion outside of corneal flap.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. In Vivo and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Inflammation and Apoptosis Induced after SMILE Procedures for Different Refractive Error Range.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Calienno R, Curcio C, Mastropasqua R, Nubile M, Salgari N, and Lanzini M
- Subjects
- Adult, Astigmatism surgery, Corneal Stroma pathology, Corneal Topography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Visual Acuity, Young Adult, Apoptosis, Astigmatism pathology, Corneal Stroma surgery, Inflammation pathology, Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ adverse effects, Myopia surgery, Postoperative Complications
- Abstract
Purpose: To detect corneal inflammation and apoptosis induced after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) at different refractive corrections for moderate to high values of myopia., Methods: Fifty patients (50 eyes) suffering from medium to high myopia (spherical equivalent refraction from -3.75 to -10.00 diopters (D) with refractive astigmatism under -0.75 D) underwent SMILE in order to correct myopic error. In vivo evaluation was done by corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM) and ex vivo by immunohistochemistry. After surgery, all corneal lenticules were checked for regularity, entirety, and fixed in formalin for immunohistochemistry evaluation of apoptosis (TUNEL) and inflammation (CD11b) levels. Postoperative assessments took place during the first week and the first and third months after surgery. Patients returned for IVCM examination for analysis of the corneal stromal femtosecond laser treatment interfaces reflectivity., Results: No correlation was observed between treated myopic refractive error and number of CD11b
+ and TUNEL+ cell in all analyzed extracted lenticules. IVCM at 1 week and 1 month of follow-up showed numerous reflective particles at the laser treatment interface with a moderate light scattering. In semi-quantitative analysis of reflectivity intensity at the laser interfaces, a statistical difference was evident only between 1 week and 1 month (p = 0.0213)., Conclusions: SMILE, as an innovative all-femto surgical procedure, results in a reduced tissue inflammation and apoptosis levels with a minimum tissue response, in terms of interface reflectivity, and there are no statistically significant differences among variable treated refractive error range.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Confocal microscopy evaluation of stromal fluorescence intensity after standard and accelerated iontophoresis-assisted corneal cross-linking.
- Author
-
Lanzini M, Curcio C, Spoerl E, Calienno R, Mastropasqua A, Colasante M, Mastropasqua R, Nubile M, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cadaver, Cornea drug effects, Cornea physiopathology, Cornea radiation effects, Fluorescence, Humans, Microscopy, Confocal, Photosensitizing Agents pharmacology, Ultraviolet Rays, Collagen metabolism, Cornea pathology, Corneal Stroma metabolism, Cross-Linking Reagents pharmacology, Iontophoresis methods
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine modifications in stromal fluorescence intensity after different corneal cross-linking (CXL) procedures and to correlate stromal fluorescence to corneal biomechanical resistance. For confocal microscopy study, 15 human cadaver corneas were examined. Three served as control (group 1), three were just soaked with iontophoresis procedure (group 2), three were treated with standard epi-off technique (group 3), and six underwent iontophoresis imbibition. Three of later six were irradiated for 30 min with 3 mW/cm
2 UVA (group 4) and three for 9 min at 10 mW/cm2 UVA (group 5). Confocal microscopy was performed to quantify the fluorescence intensity in the cornea at different stromal depths. For biomechanical study, 30 human cadaver corneas were randomly divided into five groups and treated as previously described. Static stress-strain measurements of the corneas were performed. Iontophoresis imbibition followed by 10mW/cm2 irradiation proved to increase stromal fluorescence into the corneal stroma and significant differences were revealed between group 3 and 5 both at 100 (p = 0.0171) and 250 µm (p = 0.0024), respectively. Biomechanical analysis showed an improvement of corneal resistance in group 5. Iontophoresis imbibition followed by accelerated irradiation increased the stromal fluorescence and is related to an improvement of biomechanical resistance. This approach may represent a new strategy to achieve greater concentrations of riboflavin without removing corneal epithelium and improve clinical results while reducing the side effects of CXL.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. In Vivo Distribution of Corneal Epithelial Dendritic Cells in Patients With Glaucoma.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua R, Agnifili L, Fasanella V, Lappa A, Brescia L, Lanzini M, Oddone F, Perri P, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Cell Count, Female, Humans, Limbus Corneae cytology, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Tears metabolism, Cornea cytology, Dendritic Cells cytology, Glaucoma pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dendritic cell (DC) distribution, morphology, and DC density in the entire cornea of medically controlled glaucoma patients (MCGP), using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM)., Methods: Fifty MCGP were enrolled, 15 patients with dry eye, and 15 healthy subjects served as controls. Patients were asked to complete the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and then underwent tear film break-up time (BUT), corneal staining, and Schirmer test (ST) I and then IVCM. In vivo confocal microscopy evaluated the limbal and central DC density, the DCs morphology and distribution. Relationships among DC density, OSDI score, and corneal staining were analyzed., Results: Medically controlled glaucoma patients were divided into 2 groups; group 1 (29 eyes) was tested with one drug; group 2 (21 eyes) was tested with ≥2 drugs. Dendritic cells were significantly higher at limbus than at central cornea in both groups. Limbal DCs were found in the 86.7%, 89.7%, 90.4%, and 93.3% of eyes in controls, groups 1 and 2, and DED; central corneal DCs were found in the 26.6%, 75.9%, 80.9%, and 86.6% of eyes in controls, groups 1 and 2, and DED. Dendritic cell density was higher in glaucoma groups and DED than in controls (P < 0.001). Group 2 and DED presented DC density significantly higher compared with group 1 (P < 0.05). In group 1 DC density was higher in patients taking preserved drugs than in those taking preservative-free drugs (P < 0.05). Dendritic cell density was higher in DED than in group 2 (P < 0.05). Dendritic cell density significantly correlated with corneal staining and OSDI (P < 0.001)., Conclusions: Dendritic cells increase in the entire cornea of MCGP, with a higher density at limbus. These modifications may take part in the induction of the glaucoma-related ocular surface disease.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. In vivo confocal microscopy of the sclerocorneal limbus after limbal stem cell transplantation: Looking for limbal architecture modifications and cytological phenotype correlations.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Calienno R, Lanzini M, Nubile M, Colabelli-Gisoldi RA, De Carlo L, and Pocobelli A
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Inflammation pathology, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Limbus Corneae cytology, Microscopy, Confocal methods, Sclera cytology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Stem Cells cytology
- Abstract
Purpose: To correlate a biomicroscopic evaluation, an in vivo confocal microscopy examination, and impression cytologic findings of the corneal center and sclerocorneal limbus after cultured limbal stem cell transplantation and to test the effectiveness of in vivo confocal microscopy as a diagnostic procedure in ocular surface cell therapy reconstructive surgery., Methods: Six eyes of six patients affected by limbal stem cell deficiency after chemical burns underwent ex vivo expanded limbal stem cell transplantation (two eyes) and ex vivo expanded limbal stem cell transplantation with subsequent penetrating keratoplasty (four eyes) to restore corneal transparency. One year after surgery, all patients underwent a biomicroscopic evaluation, central cornea impression cytology to detect cytokeratin 12 (CK12) positivity, and in vivo confocal microscopy of the central cornea and the sclerocorneal limbus to investigate the epithelial cellular morphology, limbal architecture, and corneal inflammation level., Results: Impression cytology analysis showed CK12 positivity in five of six cases, in concordance with the biomicroscopic evaluation. Confocal microscopy pointed out irregular limbal architecture with the absence of the palisades of Vogt in all cases; the central epithelial morphology presented clear corneal characteristics in three cases and irregular morphology in the remaining three., Conclusions: After successful ex vivo expanded limbal stem cell transplantation, in the presence of a complete anatomic architecture subversion, documented by support of in vivo confocal microscopy, the sclerocorneal limbus seemed to maintain its primary function. In vivo confocal microscopy confirmed the procedure was a non-invasive, efficacious diagnostic ocular surface procedure in the case of cell therapy reconstructive surgery.
- Published
- 2016
45. Small Incision Lenticule Extraction After Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua L, Calienno R, Lanzini M, and Nubile M
- Subjects
- Adult, Corneal Topography, Female, Humans, Microscopy, Confocal, Myopia etiology, Myopia physiopathology, Postoperative Care, Postoperative Complications, Refraction, Ocular physiology, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Visual Acuity physiology, Wound Healing physiology, Astigmatism surgery, Corneal Stroma surgery, Corneal Surgery, Laser methods, Corneal Transplantation, Myopia surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: Femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) was performed to correct myopic astigmatism in a 39-year-old patient who had previously undergone deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for keratoconus, with clinically significant anisometropia and contact lens intolerance., Methods: Case report., Results: SMILE was planned in the right eye to reduce the refractive error and to allow spectacle correction. The surgical procedure was centered on the visual axis, a 5.20-mm optical zone was used, and the refractive lenticule was extracted through a 3.25-mm incision located inside the graft edge. The refractive target was achieved 1 week after surgery and remained stable until the 3-month follow-up visit, while the corrected distance visual acuity improved from 20/100 to 20/40. Complications were not observed and the graft remained clear. In vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography highlighted a regular wound healing and refractive interface profile., Conclusions: This case report highlights the feasibility of using SMILE as an alternative procedure for correcting refractive errors after keratoplasty, but further prospective studies are needed to prove the long-term refractive outcomes and safety of this technique., (Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Big bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: the collagen layer in the wall of the big bubble is unique.
- Author
-
Dua HS, Mastropasqua L, Faraj L, Nubile M, Elalfy MS, Lanzini M, Calienno R, and Said DG
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Descemet Membrane surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Microdissection methods, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Middle Aged, Organ Preservation, Tissue Donors, Air, Collagen ultrastructure, Corneal Stroma ultrastructure, Corneal Transplantation methods, Descemet Membrane ultrastructure, Photorefractive Keratectomy
- Abstract
Purpose: In big bubble (BB), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty intracorneal injection of air separates Descemet's membrane (DM) and the pre-Descemet's layer (Dua's layer [DL]) to create a type 1 BB. We tested the hypothesis that air injection after excision or ablation of DL will fail to produce a BB., Methods: Nine human sclero-corneal discs were used. Three served as controls. In three, a type 1 BB was created, the bubble wall was excised and more air injected in an attempt to create another BB. In three samples, the DM was removed and 22μ of posterior cornea were ablated by phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). Air was injected to induce formation of a BB. Tissue from these experiments was subjected to light and electron microscopy., Results: In all three control eyes, a type 1 BB (DL + DM) was obtained. Air injection after excision of the type 1 BB wall in three samples failed to produce another BB. Following PTK of DL, injection of air failed to create a BB in all three samples. Multiple points of air leak from the deep stroma were observed in all six samples. Light and electron microscopy showed a clear distinction between the ablated and non-ablated areas of cornea., Conclusions: This study supports the hypothesis that a BB cannot be created once the DL is excised or ablated. This adds to evidence that DL is unique. It also demonstrates that DL is not a random separation of deep stroma of the cornea., (© 2015 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The expression of LGR5 in healthy human stem cell niches and its modulation in inflamed conditions.
- Author
-
Curcio C, Lanzini M, Calienno R, Mastropasqua R, and Marchini G
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers metabolism, Case-Control Studies, Endophthalmitis metabolism, Endophthalmitis pathology, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Keratitis pathology, Limbus Corneae pathology, Middle Aged, Keratitis metabolism, Limbus Corneae cytology, Limbus Corneae metabolism, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism, Stem Cell Niche physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: The aims of this study are to investigate the expression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) protein in the normal human cornea and limbus and to analyze modifications of this expression under inflammatory conditions., Methods: The expression of LGR5 was evaluated in seven limbal epithelial crypts (LECs), collected from healthy cadaver donors, and five inflamed LECs obtained from enucleated eyes. Central corneal buttons were used as controls. LGR5 protein distribution was determined by immunohistochemistry staining analysis., Results: The cytoplasmic expression of LGR5 protein was observed in 100% of healthy LECs. Three out of five inflamed tissues analyzed were completely negative, while in the two remaining cases, we observed a moderate positivity in the basal cells of LECs. No relation was found between the expression of LGR5 and the grade of inflammatory cells., Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the presence of LGR5-positive cells in human LECs and their decrease in inflamed conditions, which suggests a critical role of this protein during inflammation and its possible use as a marker in normal crypts.
- Published
- 2015
48. Induced inflammation and apoptosis in femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomies and manual capsulorhexes: an immunohistochemical study.
- Author
-
Toto L, Calienno R, Curcio C, Mattei PA, Mastropasqua A, Lanzini M, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Female, Humans, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Lens Capsule, Crystalline metabolism, Lens Implantation, Intraocular, Male, Middle Aged, NF-kappa B metabolism, Phacoemulsification, Single-Blind Method, Uveitis, Anterior diagnosis, Uveitis, Anterior metabolism, Apoptosis, Capsulorhexis methods, Epithelial Cells pathology, Lens Capsule, Crystalline pathology, Posterior Capsulotomy methods, Uveitis, Anterior etiology
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate cellular inflammation and apoptosis induced in the central portion of capsulorhexes/capsulotomies during cataract surgery, comparing a conventional manual technique and a femtosecond laser-assisted procedure at different energy settings using two laser systems., Methods: Fifty-six capsulorhexes/capsulotomies were divided into four groups: the manual group (14 capsulorhexes) performed with the manual technique; the 7.0-µJ group (14 capsulotomies) (LensAR laser system; Lensar, Inc., Orlando, FL); the 10-µJ group (14 capsulotomies) (LenSx laser system; Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX); and the 13.0-µJ group (14 capsulotomies) (LenSx laser system). All samples were stained for cellular apoptosis analysis (TUNEL assay) and cellular induced inflammation (NF-κB)., Results: One-way analysis of variance indicated a statistically significant difference in the percentage of NF-κB and TUNEL positive cells between the four groups, (F [3.52] = 14.717, P < .001) and (F [3.52] = 139.561, P < .001), respectively. Post-hoc analysis indicated a statistically significant difference in the percentage of NF-κB positive cells between the 13.0-µJ group and the manual, 7.0-µJ, and 10-µJ groups (P < .001, = .037, and < .001, respectively). Post-hoc analysis of differences in TUNEL positive cells indicated a significant difference between the 7.0-µJ and 10-µJ groups (P <.017) and between the 13.0-µJ group and the manual, 7.0-µJ, and 10-µJ groups (P < .001, < .001, and < .001, respectively)., Conclusion: The results show a higher percentage of NF-κB and TUNEL positive cells in the 13.0-µJ group compared to the 7.0-µJ, 10-µJ, and manual groups. Therefore, inflammatory response and cell death increased at increasing energies. An effective capsulotomy in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with minimal detrimental apoptotic and inflammatory effects is possible if the laser system is set to use the minimum energy level., (Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Corneoscleral limbus in glaucoma patients: in vivo confocal microscopy and immunocytological study.
- Author
-
Mastropasqua R, Agnifili L, Fasanella V, Curcio C, Brescia L, Lanzini M, Fresina M, Mastropasqua L, and Marchini G
- Subjects
- Aged, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Biomarkers metabolism, Case-Control Studies, Cell Count, Dendritic Cells pathology, Epithelium, Corneal metabolism, Female, Glaucoma drug therapy, HLA-DR Antigens metabolism, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Limbus Corneae metabolism, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Sclera metabolism, Glaucoma pathology, Limbus Corneae pathology, Sclera pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate morphologic changes of the corneoscleral limbus in glaucoma patients using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and impression cytology (IC)., Methods: Eighty patients with glaucoma and 20 with dry eye were enrolled; 20 healthy subjects served as controls. Patients underwent the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear film break-up time, corneal staining, Schirmer test I, and LSCM of the limbus. Laser scanning confocal microscopy evaluated the limbal transition epithelium (LTE) regularity, dendritic cell (DC) density, and palisades of Vogt (POV). Impression cytology was performed and samples stained with HLA-DR and IL6., Results: Glaucomatous patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 (40 eyes): one drug; Group 2 (20): two drugs; and Group 3 (20): three or more drugs. Limbal transition epithelium regularity was worse, and DC density higher in Groups 2, 3, and dry eyes compared with Group 1 and controls (P < 0.01). Preserved drugs worsened LTE regularity and induced higher DC density compared with preservative-free (PF) drugs (P = 0.041; P = 0.004). Despite typical POV architecture was preserved, signs of inflammation were found in glaucoma groups. HLA-DR and IL-6 positivity were higher in Groups 2, 3, and dry eye compared with controls (P < 0.001), and in preserved versus PF drugs (P < 0.05; P < 0.001). Dendritic cell density and LTE regularity correlated with HLA-DR, IL-6, and OSDI score in glaucoma groups and dry eyes (P < 0.001)., Conclusions: Laser scanning confocal microscopy and IC documented antiglaucoma therapy induced morphologic alterations of limbus, which may play a role in the glaucoma-related ocular surface disease. Further studies are required to determine if limbal changes affect stem cell viability., (Copyright 2015 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. In Vivo and Impression Cytology Study on the Effect of Compatible Solutes Eye Drops on the Ocular Surface Epithelial Cell Quality in Dry Eye Patients.
- Author
-
Lanzini M, Curcio C, Colabelli-Gisoldi RA, Mastropasqua A, Calienno R, Agnifili L, Nubile M, and Mastropasqua L
- Subjects
- Adult, Dry Eye Syndromes immunology, Female, Humans, Inflammation drug therapy, Male, Microscopy, Confocal, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Dry Eye Syndromes drug therapy, Epithelial Cells cytology, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Ophthalmic Solutions
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate in vivo and ex vivo ocular surface alterations induced by dry eye disease and modification after osmoprotective therapy. Forty-eight eyes of 24 patients suffering from dry eye have been recruited. All patients received Optive (compatible solutes) eye drops in one randomly selected eye and Hylogel (sodium hyaluronate 0,2%) in the other. Follow-up included a baseline visit and further examination 30-, 60-, and 90-day intervals (which comprises clinical evaluation, in vivo confocal microscopy-IVCM-of the ocular surface, and conjunctival impression cytology). No significant difference in Schirmer I Test, TBUT, and vital staining results was observed during the follow-up period in both groups. IVCM showed in all patients an improvement of ocular surface epithelial morphology and signs of inflammation (oedema and keratocyte activation). However, these modifications were more evident in patients treated with Optive therapy. A significant reduction of the expression of MMP9 and IL6 in Optive group was observed during the follow-up period in comparison to Hylogel treatment. Our results show that in dry eye disease therapy based on osmoprotective eye drops determines a reduction of inflammatory activation of ocular surface, with consequent improvement of the quality of corneal and conjunctival epithelium.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.