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We used the psychosociocultural framework to conceptualize, analyze, and narrate the perceptions of 10 Latina women about their mothers' influence and role on their educational persistence in higher education. The Latina undergraduates were upper-division students who were of Mexican descent and sought educational success. To make meaning of the Latina women's narratives, we implemented a multi-step content analysis of the qualitative data yielding five meta-themes: (1) Home Assumptions, (2) Para Honrar los Sacrificios de Ella, (3) Mujer Poderosa, (4) Tener Exito, and (5) New Story of What it Means to be Latina Women in Higher Education. The findings emphasized Latina mothers' powerful role and salient influence on their daughter's notion of themselves as Latina women in education. The Latina women shared how their mothers held expectations, provided support, made sacrifices for the family, desired excellence, and engaged at all costs with their daughters' success in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the ongoing developments and initiatives at LARR as the editorial team embarks on its fourth year. Topics include the expansion of thematic articles on critical issues in Latin American studies, the introduction of Geography as a new discipline with an associate editor, and improvements in manuscript turnaround times and publication metrics.

This study, the first of its kind, closely examines Reinaldo Arenas's original Antes que anochezca manuscript, a text long shrouded in mystery; in the process, it reveals surprising redactions that were not included in some of the published versions of the autobiography. It provides contextualization and analysis of the collective process of both written and oral composition of Antes, as well as the editorial process carried out by Arenas and his "literary team" posthumously. The author also explores a multitude of relevant adjacent materials, in addition to a second Antes manuscript, edited by Dolores Koch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latin American nation branding has been conceived as an economic development strategy by governments within the region, justified by the commercial and political dependency of their countries on the Global North. This study takes that perspective one step forward, proposing that the economic and political dependency of Latin American countries is embedded in the representations and stereotypes that exist about the region within different forms of global news and entertainment media. Through in-depth interviews with 25 nation branding professionals with extensive experience working on behalf of Latin American governments, this study suggests that existing stereotypes (such as being an "exotic" and/or "dangerous" region of the world) were constantly conceived as an aid and/or a constrain in their work. Theoretically, this study draws from the concept of "promotional regime of visibility." The goal is to theorize on the existing global power relations between Latin American nations and their counterparts in the Global North to counteract these stereotypes, defined by limited and ambivalent representations of these countries' social, cultural, and political realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to estimate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence and survival rates in the Metropolitan region of Chile. We conducted a cohort study of ALS cases in the Metropolitan Region from 2016 to 2019. A total of 219 ALS patients were recruited from Corporación ELA-Chile registry, in collaboration with neurologists from Sociedad de Neurología, Psiquiatría y Neurocirugía de Chile. We calculated incidence rates by sex and age and determined median survival from onset and diagnosis. Survival analysis used the Kaplan–Meier statistic, estimating hazard ratios for age, sex, time from symptom onset and from diagnosis using a Weibull regression model. All analyses were done using R 4.1.0. Overall, ALS diagnosis incidence was 0.97 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, peaking in the 70–79 age group and declining thereafter. The male-to-female ratio was 1.23. The median time to death from diagnosis was 2.3 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9–2.5), and from the first symptom, it was 3.1 years (95% CI: 2.8–3.5). This is the first population-based study reporting ALS incidence and survival rates in Chile's Metropolitan region. Incidence resembled other Latin American studies. Median survival from diagnosis and from the first symptom were in line with previous findings. Our results corroborated lower ALS rates in Latin America, consistent with prior research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Climate change poses a significant threat to rural livelihoods in low- and middle-income countries. Enhancing the sustainability of these livelihoods is crucial for ensuring food security and nutrition at both global and regional levels. This study investigates the role of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) practices in improving rural livelihoods in Latin America, specifically through the Climate Smart Village (CSV) approach. Methods: Our analysis involved a dataset of 267 households, comprising both adopters and non-adopters of CSA practices in CSVs across Guatemala, Honduras, and Colombia. We employed multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), Gower’s metric, agglomerative clustering, partitioning around medoids (PAM), and cluster validation. Our aim was to understand how CSA practices, which include the use of agroclimatic information, soil and water management practices, and risk diversification strategies, contribute to enhancing livelihoods. We examined this in the context of the five capitals (social, natural, physical, financial, and human) of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF). Results: Our findings indicate that CSA farmers exhibit lower capital-based vulnerability compared to non-CSA farmers. This is particularly evident in the areas of social capital, as well as human and natural capital for certain CSA adopters. However, the similar performance in financial and physical capital between CSA and non-CSA farmers suggests the need for additional strategies to reduce vulnerability in these areas. We examined this through the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF), which includes five capitals: social, natural, physical, financial and human. Conclusion: These findings offer a valuable framework for policy and decisionmaking processes, helping to identify which capitals and dimensions of livelihood vulnerability should be prioritized in different contexts to achieve climate resilience and sustainable development. The study advocates for continued research efforts, incorporating expanded indicators, such as gender indicators within social and human capital definitions, for a more comprehensive assessment of CSA’s impact. The application of SLF for analyzing CSA’s contribution to rural livelihoods represents a novel approach in Latin American studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Latin America has a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children that may lead to peptic ulcer disease and eventually gastric cancer in adulthood. Successful eradication is hindered by rising antimicrobial resistance. We summarize H. pylori resistance rates in Latin American children from 2008 to 2023. Material and Methods: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute checklist to assess risk of bias (PROSPERO CRD42024517108) that included original cross‐sectional observational studies reporting resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Latin American children and adolescents. We searched in PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Results: Of 51 studies, 45 were excluded. The quality of the six analyzed studies (297 H. pylori‐positive samples) was satisfactory. Phenotypic methods (N = 3) reported higher resistance rates than genotypic studies (N = 3). Clarithromycin resistance ranged from 8.0% to 26.7% (6 studies; 297 samples), metronidazole from 1.9% to 40.2% (4 studies; 211 samples), amoxicillin from 0% to 10.4% (3 studies; 158 samples), tetracycline resistance was not detected (3 studies; 158 samples), and levofloxacin resistance was 2.8% (1 study; 36 samples). Conclusion: Scarce Latin American studies on H. pylori resistance, along with methodological heterogeneity, hinder conclusive findings. Clarithromycin and metronidazole (first‐line drugs) resistance is worrisome, likely impacting lower eradication rates. Urgent systematic surveillance or individual testing before treatment is necessary to enhance eradication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study seeks to explore, describe, and quantify the effects that the experiences of incarceration have on women in prison contexts in Argentina. Methodology: The results of an original database were analyzed. The database includes two surveys conducted by the Center for Latin American Studies on Insecurity and Violence (CELIV/UNTREF) in 2013 and 2019 in prisons of the Federal and Buenos Aires Penitentiary System. The sample consisted of 845 males and 188 females who participated in the survey in 2013, and 838 males and 200 females in 2019. Results: The results of this study indicate that there are gender differences in the effects of incarceration on the inside, which are mainly crystallized in the behavior of the nearby containment networks. For women, contact with their emotional environment is more limited than for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Latin American & Latinx Visual Culture is the property of University of California Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research on the teaching of writing at postgraduate level values written feedback (WF) in this process. In order to understand this practice, we conducted a state of the art study to identify conceptualisations, categorisations, perceptions and textual and scriptural changes based on WF in communications in the field of Social and Human Sciences. Among the results, WF is conceived as an interactive practice, developed in diverse pedagogical-didactic contexts and conditioned by different factors. In addition, classifications of WF are identified, oriented towards different aspects involved in research writing. In terms of perceptions, the participants emphasise the formative nature of the practice. Finally, we found little research aimed at documenting the textual and scriptural changes resulting from WF. We conclude that research into this practice can contribute to the design of devices aimed at improving the teaching of writing at postgraduate level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desacatos is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Drawing on interviews and archival and published materials, Gyamfi reinterprets Anani Dzidzienyo’s significance as a Black Studies scholar and activist. Dzidzienyo was a pioneer in academic African diaspora studies who institutionalized the inclusion of Africa and Brazil. For fifty years, Dzidzienyo created Black Studies and Afro-Latin American programs, designed Afro-Brazilian courses that expanded Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, and supported freedom struggles in Africa and Brazil. In so doing, he built a transnational network of scholar-activists and institutions. Yet, for all this, scholars have mostly neglected Dzidzienyo’s work and wide influence on multiple fields of study and liberation movements.

The Handbook of Latin American Environmental Aesthetics, edited by Jens Andermann, Gabriel Giorgi, and Victoria Saramago, is a comprehensive collection of critical interventions in the Environmental Humanities by Latin American scholars. The editors explore the relevance of a Latin American environmental aesthetics in the context of the Anthropocene and the climate crisis. The book is divided into two parts: "Itineraries," which examines Latin American environmental studies in relation to ecocriticism, extractivism, and Indigenous worldviews, and "Keyword," which features essays on various concepts of environmental aesthetics in Latin American culture. The volume concludes with a conversation between Mary Louise Pratt and the editors, discussing the differential place of Latin America within the planetary agenda. This handbook is a valuable resource for professors, researchers, and scholars interested in the intersection of the Environmental Humanities and Latin American studies. [Extracted from the article]

Book Review: Davydov V.M. Conceptual positioning in the context of regional studies. The experience of Latin American Studies and not only… – Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2023. – 150 p.

The article analyzes the reconfiguration of the global geopolitical landscape in the 21st century, highlighting the fall of the Soviet Union, the economic growth of China, and the emergence of India as important powers. It also mentions the critical situation of Latin America after the debt crisis and the failure of the Washington Consensus. The objective of the article is to analyze Latin America's relations with global actors such as the United States, China, Russia, and the European Union, and how these relations affect the region. Mélany Barragán Manjón, a professor at the University of Valencia, and Ariel Sribman Mittelman, a researcher at the Institute of Latin American Studies and the Caribbean at the University of Buenos Aires and a professor of Political Science at the European University of Madrid, are presented. [Extracted from the article]

An important aspect of Carlos Gamerro's novels is a subtle and nuanced focus on emotions. This paper begins by outlining the "affective technique"—precise, often metaphorical descriptions, of imprecise, hard-to-describe feelings—in his early works, in a nod to the "affective turn" in Latin American studies. Gamerro's most recent novels— Cardenio and La jaula de los onas —offer funny and provocative digressions from known historical events, but rely on moving depictions of human frailty, pleasure, and interdependence. Gamerro links these through a central emotion: tenderness. Moreover, these novels display a "structural tenderness," and with it, a relationship between the vulnerability of this emotion and a readerly response—an uncertainty or self-doubt—of being pushed into and out of fiction. La jaula de los onas uses this depiction of mutual vulnerability to tell a moving and politically acute story of violence and cultural erasure in the far south. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuando la artritis reumatoide (AR) comienza después de los 60 años se denomina artritis reumatoide de inicio en el anciano, y cuando se inicia antes, artritis reumatoide de inicio en el adulto. Son escasos los estudios latinoamericanos que compararon ambos grupos. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar diferencias en las características clínicas, en la evolución y en la elección terapéutica entre los pacientes con AR de inicio antes o después de los 60 años. Estudio observacional de pacientes con AR atendidos en forma consecutiva en cuatro centros de Argentina. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, comorbilidades, manifestaciones clínicas al diagnóstico, presencia de factor reumatoide y/o anti-proteínas cíclicas citrulinadas (PCC) y tratamientos recibidos. En la última visita se registraron las articulaciones tumefactas o dolorosas, la evaluación de la actividad de la enfermedad por el paciente y por el médico, la presencia de erosiones radiográficas y el estado funcional mediante el HAQ-DI. Se analizaron 51 pacientes de cada grupo. El grupo de AR del anciano tuvo significativamente mayor proporción de fumadores (58,8% vs 35,3%, p = 0,029), de antecedentes cardiovasculares (54,9% vs 21,6%, p = 0,001), de inicio abrupto (49% vs 29,4%, p = 0,034) o con síntomas similares a la PMR (19,6% vs 0%, p = 0,001), menores dosis de metotrexato: 19 mg (15-25) vs 21,9 mg (20-25) (p = 0,0036) y con mayor frecuencia no recibieron FAMEb o FAMEsd. Se han descrito los beneficios del tratamiento intensivo en pacientes con AR. En este trabajo, el empleo de FAME en el grupo de AR de inicio en el anciano fue menos intensivo, sugiriendo que la edad avanzada constituye una barrera en la elección terapéutica. When rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starts after the age of 60 it is called elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) and when it starts earlier, young-onset rheumatoid arthritis (YORA). There are few Latin American studies that compared both groups. The objective of the study was to evaluate differences in the clinical characteristics, evolution and treatment among patients with RA with onset before or after 60 years of age. Observational study of patients with RA attended consecutively in four centers in Argentina. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, clinical manifestations at diagnosis, presence of rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) and treatments received were collected. At the last visit, swollen and tender joints, assessment of disease activity by the patient and physician, the presence of radiographic erosions, and functional status using the HAQ-DI were recorded. Fifty-one patients from each group were analyzed. The EORA group had a significantly higher proportion of smokers (58.8% vs. 35.3%, P =.029), cardiovascular history (54.9% vs. 21.6%, P =.001), abrupt onset (49% vs. 29.4%, P =.034) or with symptoms similar to PMR (19.6% vs. 0%, P =.001). Lower methotrexate doses were used in the EORA group: 19 mg (15-25) vs. 21.9 mg (20-25) (P =.0036) and more frequently did not receive bDMARDs or tsDMARDs. The benefits of intensive treatment in patients with RA have been described. In this study, the use of DMARDs in the EORA group was less intensive, suggesting that advanced age constitutes a barrier in the therapeutic choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dire prospects of global warming have been increasing the pressure on policymakers to use trade policy as a mitigation tool, challenging trade economists' canonical 'targeting principle'. Even though the justifications for this stance remain as valid as ever, it no longer seems feasible in a world that is already engaging actively in using trade policy for climate purposes. However, the search for second‐best solutions remains warranted. In this paper, we focus on the climate benefits of tariff reform for a broad sample of Latin American and Caribbean countries, drawing on Shapiro's (2021, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 136, 831) insights about the environmental bias of trade policy. Using a partial equilibrium approach and GTAP‐MRIO data for 2014, we show that even though there is evidence of a negative bias towards 'dirty goods' in half of the countries studied, translating this into actionable tariff reforms is plagued by interpretation and implementation difficulties, as well as by jurisdictional and efficiency trade‐offs. There are also questions about their efficacy in curbing greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the intricate landscape of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, emphasizing its nature as a constellation of varied disciplines and topics rather than a singular field. Topics include the significance of feminist and queer theories in shaping research and activism, the rising importance of translation and its complexities within performance studies, and the need to understand socio-political dynamics in the context of globalization and extractivism.

The article focuses on the 50th anniversary of the Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (CJLACS) and its role in shaping the future of Latin American and Caribbean studies. Topics include the journal's evolution and professionalization over the years, the current gaps in research regarding Canada's involvement in the Americas and pressing environmental issues, and the need for area studies to adapt within a global context while still promoting local knowledge production.

The article focuses on the significance of addressing political and ecological crises within the context of Latin American studies, particularly regarding resource extraction. Topics include the historical evolution of debates around resource conflicts, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on political organization and grassroots movements, and the need for new alliances to confront both environmental challenges and socio-political issues in the region.

To understand Pedro Henríquez Ureña’s position in a panorama of dialectology (its antecedents, its developments) it is impossible not to dwell on his obsession with the expressive character of languages and discourses, in which conflicting positions on the American language resonate, dating back to the very birth of the dialectological discipline, which coincides with the operative integration of America into a world market already dominated by extractivist capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jaguaribe and Puig are two prominent International Relations theorists from the global South. Their works have become classics in Latin American studies and demonstrate a couple of different, dissident and dissonant voices from the so-called mainstream. Their contributions are the rationale behind autonomist foreign policies in Latin America, such as those that scholars envisioned during the progressive wave of left-wing governments; thus, they are essential to understanding the dynamics and debates that have taken place in the region for at least three decades. This research is guided by the questions of what are the primary theoretical categories and common characteristics of the selected concepts. By answering those, this article sheds light on the theoretical contributions of both avant-garde and pioneering authors, while also highlighting the marginalized and little-known voices in the field of study. I undertake a comparative study of the main conceptual categories that organize these autonomist proposals. The main conclusions are that autonomy is a process achieved through incremental steps; the rational behaviour of actors would be to increase their room for manoeuvre, based on internal and regional consensus to provide a sustainable framework. The article concludes by looking at examples of and clues for identifying autonomist foreign policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the topic of possession in the Txitximec language, a member of the Otomanguean language family. It discusses the phonological, morphological, and syntactic characteristics of the language, as well as the distinction between alienable and inalienable nouns in expressing possession. The Txitximec language uses possessive markers to indicate possession, and it has a separate possessive determiner that precedes the noun. The article also compares the possession system in Txitximec to that of other Otomanguean languages and discusses the topic of possession in various indigenous languages of Mexico. It concludes that while there are similarities in the way possession is expressed in these languages, there are also cultural and linguistic variations that make it difficult to establish a universal hierarchy of inalienability. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Revista Miradas is the property of Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the personal anecdotes and interactions with Jean Franco, a prominent scholar in Latin American Studies. It details moments of laughter and personal experiences with her, shedding light on her life, friendships, travels, and engagements with various intellectuals and writers. It narrates instances where Jean Franco's infectious laughter, linked to her encounters with Latin American writers and intellectuals, becomes a central theme, symbolizing her joyous spirit and intellectual vibrancy. It touches upon Franco's engagement with Casa de las Américas, her visits to Cuba, and her profound insights into women's roles in literature and society.

The article discusses the history and impact of Irish migration in Latin America. It highlights the Great Famine as a major cause of Irish mass migration and explores the cultural, economic, and social contributions of Irish immigrants to their adopted countries. The article also discusses the role of Irish immigrants in the construction of major infrastructure projects, such as railways, and their involvement in the military and civil administration. It further examines the Irish presence in specific countries, such as Brazil, Chile, and Argentina, and explores topics such as language blending and translation. The article concludes with a fictional narrative that provides insight into the family life of an Irish immigrant in Peru. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Peru and Colombia are prominent cases within museological debates on memorializing conflict. Following extended armed conflicts and Peace Accords in the latter decades of the twentieth century (Peru: 1980–2000; Colombia 1964–2016), attention to the countries' transitional justice periods and the creation of memory sites has been widespread. In this article, we focus on visits in 2017 and 2019 to the Lugar de la Memoria, la Tolerancia y la Inclusión Social in Lima and the Museo Casa de la Memoria in Medellín to engage debates in Latin American studies on the politics and poetics of museum memory work. By focusing on how "truth" and multiple violences are encountered via museological tools such as metaphors, journalistic reporting, and audiovisual affective encounters in the sites' permanent exhibitions, we reveal the nuances and tensions of difficult memory work when continuing conflict and state denialist politics are at play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay compares scholarly practices across Anglo and Latin America, showing not only a lack of a real dialogue between scholars from the North and the South but also the scarce dialogue among Latin American scholars themselves. In addition, the significant influence of Eurocentrism in Latin American rhetorical studies explains the strong relationship between discourse studies and rhetoric and the shadow of European standpoints in Latin American studies on rhetoric. Adopting a decolonial attitude, we encourage our colleagues in both Anglo America and Latin American to read across traditions, to exchange theories, and to write about and for each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Gulf Gothic: Mexico, the U.S. South and La Llorona's Undead Voices" by Dolores Flores-Silva and Keith Cartwright is an interdisciplinary genre study that explores the connections between Mexico and the U.S. South through the lens of gothic literature. The authors argue that the Gulf of Mexico is a rich and complex space of cultural exchange and colonial trauma. They use the figure of La Llorona as a case study to examine how the gothic genre can be used to reclaim and remember marginalized histories. The book offers a challenging but rewarding reading experience, and it is recommended for students of American literature and scholars in area studies. [Extracted from the article]