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It has been proved by experiments that the soft layers can effectively adjust the load distribution ratio of composite pre-tightened tooth connection, but theoretical research on the composite pre-tightened tooth connection embedded with soft layers has not been carried out. Therefore, in this work, the load distribution theory of composite pre-tightened tooth connection embedded with soft layers is studied by spring stiffness method. First, based on deformation compatibility condition, the theoretical calculation formula of load distribution ratio of each tooth is derived by spring stiffness method. Then, load distribution ratio is obtained by experiments, and the theoretical calculation results are verified. Finally, through the derived formula, the load distribution ratio of the composite pre-tightened tooth connection embedded with soft layers is parameterized. Research shows that (1) The theoretical value is in good agreement with the experimental value, and the maximum error of calculation result of the load distribution of the joint is 8%; (2) Under the action of soft layers, each tooth of two-teeth and three-teeth joints are damaged at the same time, the ultimate bearing capacity is increased by 29.0 and 21.6%, respectively, compared with the traditional two-teeth and three-teeth joints; (3) The elastic modulus and thickness of soft layers have a significant impact on the load distribution ratio of each tooth.

To study the causality relationship between diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertensive renal disease with renal failure (HRDRF) and the mediating role of heart failure (HF) in the causality relationship by network Mendelian randomization (MR).

[Objective] In order to solve the issue of excessive redundant information in near-infrared spectroscopy, enhance the accuracy of wine quality evaluation models, a rapid and non-destructive method was established for wine quality evaluation. [Methods] A wine quality evaluation model was proposed based on competitive adaptive reweighting sampling method for feature wavelength screening and extreme learning machine improved by whale optimization algorithm. Various feature wavelength screening methods such as competitive adaptive reweighting sampling was used, and the most suitable method for wine spectral feature wavelength screening was determined. In response to the problem of initial value and hidden layer bias in ELM, the whale optimization method was used to optimize the initial value and hidden layer bias of ELM, and an wine quality evaluation model based on extreme learning machine improved by whale optimization algorithm was constructed. [Results] Compared with GA-ELM, PSO-ELM, and the traditional ELM model, the accuracy of WOA-ELM was the highest, reaching 0.944 5, which was better than GA-ELM (0.929 0), PSO-ELM (0.906 1) and traditional ELM (0.817 7). [Conclusion] The parameters of the ELM model optimized by intelligent algorithms can effectively improve the accuracy of wine quality evaluation.

Currently, there are issues such as insufficient research on the physical characteristics of windings in grounding transformers under outlet short circuit conditions and a high number of damage accidents. Given this issues, a dry-type grounding transformer is chosen as the research subject. A three-dimensional multi-physics field coupling model is constructed using finite element simulation software. The aim is to analyze changes and distribution patterns of multiple physical parameters such as winding electromagnetic fields, winding temperature rise, and winding stress deformation under the outlet short circuit condition of the low voltage side of the grounding transformer. The key factors influencing grounding transformer's ability to resist outlet short circuit are also explored. Results indicate that after an outlet short circuit occurs in the grounding transformer, the magnetic flux and equivalent stress on its winding side, influenced by its yoke core and adjacent pillar cores, are greater than those on the front side, resulting in extremely uneven overall deformation. Due to the grounding transformer's special winding structure and operating mode, the transient temperature of its low voltage winding during outlet short circuit faults can reach 140.9 ℃, which is much higher than that of the high voltage winding. Finally, measures are proposed to improve the grounding transformer's ability to resist outlet short-circuit based on the dual constraints of dynamic and thermal stability, and structural optimization is carried out for the weak areas of grounding transformer to resist outlet short-circuit.

The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is considered a core technology of next-generation mobile communication. It has significant advantages in enhancing network coverage, spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, and deployment cost. The aerial intelligent reflecting surface (AIRS), which combines the high mobility of the air platform and the high-quality link characteristics provided by the intelligent reflecting surface, can effectively assist the transmission from the base station to the users in complex communication scenarios and enhance the network coverage. A joint optimization problem of the base station beamforming, AIRS deployment location and phase shift design for the AIRS was studied for AIRS assisted multi-user massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. Under the condition that the statistical channel state information (CSI) is known, an optimization scheme of system ergodic sum rate based on block coordinate descent (BCD) was proposed. Firstly, an optimization model was established by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming at base station, the placement and the phase shift for AIRS. Secondly, the nonconvex optimization problem was decoupled into three subproblems that are easy to deal with by BCD algorithm. Finally, lagrange multiplier method, relaxation variable method and RMSProp gradient descent algorithm were used to solve the subproblems respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed optimization scheme can effectively improve the ergodic sum rate of the system with good convergence properties.

Objective·To explore the adaptation and adaptability of RUBI-PT (the Research Units in Behavioral Intervention Autism Network Parent Training) program in China.Methods·According to the four steps of cultural adaptation, the RUBI-PT program was adapted, including information collection, preliminary adaptation design, preliminary adaptation test and further adjustment. In the information collection phase, six pediatricians and two psychotherapists were invited to conduct six focus group interviews, and according to the expert opinions, the RUBI-PT program was preliminarily adapted from the aspects of language, treatment format and treatment setting. In the preliminary adaptation test phase, 16 parents of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children were recruited and divided into two batches to participate in the online RUBI-PT. After the treatment, the project feedback questionnaires were collected, and the adaptability was investigated and analyzed. Finally, the scheme was further adjusted according to the test results.Results·The preliminary adaptation program of RUBI-PT was adjusted from individual training to group training, including eight core skills sessions, which were implemented in the form of online meetings. The preliminary test results showed that parents′ satisfaction with lesson progress, lesson process, completion of homework and comments to homework were 90%, 80%, 100% and 100%, respectively; in terms of the course difficulty, parents reported that the 7th session (functional communication training) and the 8th session (teaching skills) were the most difficult. Based on the above survey results and the opinions of the expert group, further adjustments were completed, and an adaptation program for localized RUBI-PT was ultimately formed.Conclusion·After adaptation and adaptability investigation, the RUBI-PT, which is suitable for Chinese families with ASD children to conduct behavioral parent training, has been formed.

Abstract Affect gas extraction efficiency to find out the optimum well location parameters, based on the gray correlation analysis of borehole diameter, borehole spacing, and extraction pressure three boreholes parameters that influence efficiency of gas extraction from the design of orthogonal experiment, using COMSOL simulate the effective radius of extraction under different experiments, and the effective radius of extraction for optimizing index quantitative gas extraction efficiency. The results showed that: factors affecting the gas extraction efficiency of the correlation between high and low aperture drilling, borehole spacing, and extraction from extraction negative pressure, it is concluded that the influence parameters of optimal layout parameter values, respectively, borehole diameter 8 cm and 3 m borehole spacing, extraction pressure 50 kPa, combined with the numerical simulation analysis using the optimal layout of gas drilling extraction from about 30 days. The decrease in gas pressure is about 45%, which basically meets the extraction standard, and the decreasing trend of gas pressure is obviously slowed down when the extraction time is longer than 30 days. The engineering experiment is carried out in the 9306 transport lane of a mine in Guizhou Province, and the results are basically consistent with the simulation results, which verify the rationality of the gray correlation analysis method to optimize the drilling parameters, and provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of drilling parameters.

C21H19ClO3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.0384(3) Å, b = 11.5696(7) Å, c = 24.6624(14) Å, V = 1722.96(17) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0253, wRref(F2) = 0.0637, T = 100(2) K.

The rapid growth of social media in the era of big data and artificial intelligence has raised significant safety concerns related to the communication of sensitive personal information. In modern society, awareness of the importance of preserving privacy is growing, so there is a rising advocacy for adopting language modeling technology to mitigate the risk of personal information leakage and to deidentify sensitive information depending on the situation. Thus far, several theoretical analyses of privacy protection in Korea have been conducted. However, the technical development of language model training resources for Korean has been slower than those of widely spoken languages such as English and Chinese. To address this problem, we developed a comprehensive and organized framework for classifying Korean personally identifiable information (PII) by investigating pertinent examples, such as “Text Anonymization Benchmark” and “Network Intrusion Detection Dataset,” from within and outside Korea. Subsequently, we created a new Korean dataset for PII deidentification, KDPII, which consists of many conversational texts incorporating plentiful Korean PII. Based on this, we examined the Korean PII processing performances of many representative language models that are available on the market. Finally, we found that although the performance of language models in identifying PII varied by model size, model architecture, and training source, most of them were significantly better at recognizing universal PII than language-specific PII, which indicates a prospective direction of expanding training data for implementing Korean-specific PII deidentification in the future.

Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), classified as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play crucial roles in innate immune responses. However, research on this topic in crustaceans remains limited. In the present study, 27 NLR family members were identified and characterized based on the redclaw crayfish genome. Gene structure, conserved domain, and motif analyses revealed that these NLR genes were classified into four subfamilies with three major domains, and phylogenetic and structural analyses further confirmed their evolutionary conservation. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of several NLR genes changed significantly under the DIV1 challenge. More importantly, in vivo silencing of NAWD1 gene in Cherax quadricarinatus promoted DIV1 replication . These findings, together with those of previous studies, suggest that NLR genes in crustaceans may play a key role in immune responses to viral infections.

Despite extensive research on the impact of warming and nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon components, the response mechanisms of microbial community composition and enzyme activity to soil organic carbon remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of warming and nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon components in the Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms of microbial characteristics, including soil microbial community, enzyme activity, and stoichiometry, on organic carbon components. Results indicated that both warming and nitrogen deposition significantly increased soil organic carbon, readily oxidizable carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon. The interaction between warming and nitrogen deposition influenced soil carbon components, with soil organic carbon, readily oxidizable carbon, and dissolved organic carbon reaching maximum values in the W0N32 treatment, while microbial biomass carbon peaked in the W3N32 treatment. Warming and nitrogen deposition also significantly increased soil Cellobiohydrolase, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase. Warming decreased the soil enzyme C: N ratio and C:P ratio but increased the soil enzyme N:P ratio, while nitrogen deposition had the opposite effect. The bacterial Chao1 index and Shannon index increased significantly under warming conditions, particularly in the N32 treatment, whereas there were no significant changes in the fungal Chao1 index and Shannon index with warming and nitrogen addition. Structural equation modeling revealed that soil organic carbon components were directly influenced by the negative impact of warming and the positive impact of nitrogen deposition. Furthermore, warming and nitrogen deposition altered soil bacterial community composition, specifically Gemmatimonadota and Nitrospirota, resulting in a positive impact on soil enzyme activity, particularly soil alkaline phosphatase and β-xylosidase, and enzyme stoichiometry, including N:P and C:P ratios. In summary, changes in soil organic carbon components under warming and nitrogen deposition in the alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau primarily depend on the composition of soil bacterial communities, soil enzyme activity, and stoichiometric characteristics.

Culter alburnus (topmouth culter)is an economically valuable freshwater fish. However, its insufficient tolerance to dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia nitrogen (AN) hinders its industrialisation. 360 experimental fish (4.87 ± 1.10 g) were placed in breathing chambers (oxygen level was 0.70–6.50 mg/L) or water tanks (control AN, 0 mg/L; low AN, 8 mg/L; high AN, 16 mg/L). This study analysed the effects of DO and AN on C. alburnus at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. (1) Physiology level: the floating point, coma critical point, and coma point at 20 °C group were significantly higher than those at 30 °C. The oxygen consumption rate of C. alburnus at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C was (256.65 ± 25.87), (470.47 ± 83.84), and (520.87 ± 55.40) mg/kg.h. The LC50 of AN after 96 h was 24.13 mg/L, and the safe concentration was 2.41 mg/L. The survival rate in the high AN group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups. (2) Biochemistry level: The change curves of antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver tissue under hypoxic stress reached a maximum at 12 h and then decreased. In addition, the increase and decrease in enzyme activity (except malondialdehyde) in the high AN group was lower than that in the low AN group. (3) Molecular level: the angiotensin-converting enzyme and carboxypeptidase genes were the major differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hypoxic stress, and the DEGs were mainly enriched in the ABC transporter signal transduction pathway. In addition, the serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase genes were among the major DEGs under high AN stress. The DEGs were mainly enriched in steroid biosynthesis or glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism transporter signal transduction pathways. In summary, it is necessary to focus on the DO and AN during C. alburnus breeding.

Three humic acids(AHA, YHA, and EHA) from different origin were characterized by elementary analysis, UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, and the functional groups were determined by chemical titration. The effects of pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength on the complexation of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) were investigated systematically. Meanwhile, the interaction of U(Ⅵ) with three HA models in aqueous phase was studied by means of molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, and the dynamics, coordination structures, and interaction mechanism were further explored. The experimental results show that the elemental composition and functional group types of three HAs from different origin are basically similar, with strong aromaticity and conjugated double bonds, but slight differences can be also observed between them. The low H/C atom ratio, high acidity, and high content of functional groups indicate that YHA has high humification degree, high conjugation or aromatic composition, and strong metal complexation ability. The complexation behavior of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) are significantly different, which is substantially affected by pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength. MD simulations demonstrate that the complexation of single HA with U(Ⅵ) can be completed in a short time, and the main binding sites are carboxyl groups. The coordination structures formed by HAs with U(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution have quite differences, and the main driving force is electrostatic interaction. The results reported here are beneficial to further understanding the chemical behavior of uranium in the presence of HA, and provide data and reference for the geological disposal and safety evaluation of radioactive wastes.

As a key component of a power system， an energy storage system plays important roles in peak regulation， frequency modulation， new energy consumption， and emergency power supply. The optimal configuration of the electricity-gas multi-energy storage system in the regional integrated energy system is studied considering the users’ energy substitution behavior. Firstly， a regional integrated energy system model containing an electricity-gas multi-energy storage system is established. Then， an optimal configuration model of an electricity-gas multiple energy storage system is established considering the users’ energy substitution behavior and aiming at the economy. Moreover， a reliability assessment method for the system is proposed. Finally， the model is verified by invoking the CPLEX solution in MATLAB through an example. It is demonstrated that the complementarity of the multi-energy storage system can be used to reduce the cost further and increase the reliability of the integrated energy system.

To further explore the impact of nutrient fortification on the ovarian secondary development of redclaw crayfish, four groups were set up: group ①, no feeding; group ②, formulated feeding; groups ③ and ④, formulated feed + nutrient bait. Results showed (1) the proportions of egg-bearing shrimp in groups ③ and ④. 2) The weight growth rate of group ① was the lowest, the maturation coefficient of unripe shrimp in group ④ was the highest, and the egg-holding rates in groups ③ and ④ were significantly higher than those of group ①. The hatching and survival rates of yellow eggs in group ④ were significantly higher than those in group ②. The hatching and survival rates of red eggs in groups ③ and ④ were significantly higher than those in group ①. (3) The weight gain rate of juveniles in group ④ was significantly higher than those of group ①. (4) Genes and proteins related to ovarian development were screened. In summary, group ④ had a higher proportion of egg-holding shrimp, faster ovarian development, and a higher maturity coefficient. The hatching and survival rates of eggs, and the survival and weight gain rates of the offspring were also high.

As the foundation of communication networks, optical fiber carries huge network traffic, so the prediction of fiber optic cable faults is an important guarantee for the operation of communication networks. Based on the combination of fiber optic system networking technology and network management data, this study constructs an alarm correlation analysis method by using data mining technology to obtain the data set of the fault prediction model for the problem of low fault prediction accuracy of traditional communication networks. The dataset is used to balance the sample data by generating a small number of new samples through the generative adversarial network. The memory-based feature generation convolutional network is proposed to enhance the feature interaction to realize fault prediction in communication networks. The prediction model has a high prediction accuracy of 98.68%, which saves about 160 min for repair work through the application of fiber optic cable fault prediction, which compares well with other models. Fault prediction based on neural networks can provide assistance in the operation and maintenance of distribution communication networks.

With the gradual deepening of power-related research and the expansion of power data volume, power data-oriented research and applications have fully entered the era of big data and cloud storage. The huge amount of heterogeneous data samples also bring a huge impact on traditional data processing methods. Therefore, let each virtual power plant participate in the electricity market externally as a unified power plant, and build a blockchain structure of multiple virtual power plants in the form of a slice. The structured data such as the basic information of the account is stored in the enterprise database in a relational data model and managed through an identity verification policy. The mechanism of off-chain negotiation and on-chain settlement is used to manage the transaction data. The management mechanism is further improved by combining an encryption scheme and a security evaluation method. After the practical test of the management mechanism, the time consumed for one and two parallel operations reaches 23 seconds and 8 seconds, and 4 seconds and 9 seconds or less for three and four times, respectively. In the case of nine users’ data distortion, the root means the square value of the blockchain data management mechanism is only 0.82, which is significantly less than 1. It shows that the blockchain-based data management mechanism, as a new generation of power data management means, can not only effectively integrate the power grid information data and relieve the pressure of the power grid system, but also avoid data leakage and strengthen power security.

AbstractBackground The treatment of hepatic hemangioma includes surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation and Transarterial embolization. However, complications, mortality and compromised effectiveness limit their applications. Microwaves with effective heating generation and short ablation time become a promising treatment. The aim of this study is to conduct systematic review and meta-analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of Microwave Ablation (MWA) for the treatment of hepatic hemangioma.Methods A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed. Main outcomes were defined as hemangioma decreases in diameters and volume changes post-MWA. Conventional random-effect meta-analysis technique was applied to analyze the pooled data, and meta-regression model was established to explore the association among factors.Results There were nine studies with a total of 501 patients retrieved. The pooled estimate of mean differences and 95% CI of hemangioma decreases after MWA treatment in diameter and in volume change (%) were 3.009 cm and (1.856, 4.161), and 53.169% and (51.274, 55.065), respectively. The pooled estimates of liver enzyme, ALT and AST, elevation were 219.905 with 95%CI (160.860, 278.949) and 315.679 with 95%CI (226.961, 404.397), respectively. Major complications were defined as acute kidney injury (AKI), pleural effusion, diaphragmatic hernia, and jaundice that needed to be treated, and the pooled incidence was 0.017 with 95% CI of (0.006, 0.029). No mortality related to MWA was reported. Meta-regression showed ablation time was associated with pre-operative lesion size (p = .001).Conclusion MWA is effective and safe in treatment of hepatic hemangioma, and our study suggests that hemangioma size should be investigated in the future MWA pretreatment difficulty scoring system study.

In this study, a strain of Cordyceps militaris with high productivity of β-glucosidase was identified and selected. The effects of carbon source, nitrogen source and pH value on the production of β-glucosidase, α-L-arabinofuranosidase, cordyceps acid and biomass by the strain were studied to determine the optimal culture conditions for the production of bioactive substances with high productivity. The transformation pathways and efficiency of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rc by C. militaris were evaluated. The activities of β-glucosidase and α-L-arabinofuranidase were determined by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry. The ginsenoside composition of the transformed products was identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), and the content of cordycepin and the transformation efficiency of ginsenoside were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the highest β-glucosidase activity of ((74.70 ± 0.09) U/mL) was obtained after 120 h culture using cellulose disaccharide as the carbon source and beef extract as the nitrogen source at pH 8, while the highest α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity of ((11.55 ± 0.01) U/mL) was obtained after 72 h culture using lactose as the carbon source and peptone as the nitrogen source at pH 4. The transformation pathways of ginsenoside Rg1 by C. militaris were Rg1→Rh1 and Rg1→F1, and the transformation pathways of Rc were Rc→Rd→Rg3→CK and Rc→CMc. The conversion efficiency of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rc was 54.9% and 83.44% after 168 h, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis to improve the efficiency of biotransformation of ginsenoside by the medicinal and edible fungus C. militaris, and lays theoretical support for developing food and medicinal products from C. militaris and ginseng.

This paper introduces the research results of the main coal mine roadway excavation technologies in recent years. The technologies include cantilever roadheader comprehensive excavation technology, continuous shearer tunneling technology, and integrated excavation technology. The applicability and promotion value of these three main roadway excavation technologies in China is analyzed. The following points are pointed out. ① The comprehensive excavation technology of the cantilever roadheader can only 'excavate before anchoring'. The excavation and support processes cannot be carried out simultaneously, which limits the excavation efficiency. ② The continuous shearer tunneling technology can only be carried out in near horizontal coal seam conditions. It has certain requirements for the stability of the roof. The applicability is weak. ③ The integrated excavation technology is only suitable for rapid excavation of single roadways with large cross-sections. The integrated excavation and anchoring machine used is large and expensive. The machine has certain requirements for the stability of the bottom plate of the excavated roadways. Compared to the continuous mining machine excavation technology, the integrated excavation technology has a good application prospect in China. Expanding the excavation function of the original roadheader to the function of excavation and support can promote the research and application of integrated excavation and anchoring technology. The study analyzes the research achievements of intelligent cutting, remote intelligent monitoring, and intelligent collaborative control in the robotized intelligent excavation technology of coal mine roadways in recent years. The following points are concluded. ① Intelligent cutting technology mainly focuses on the research of adaptive recognition of coal and rock. ② Remote intelligent monitoring technology has evolved from remote real-time monitoring to remote visual monitoring. The development of virtual simulation technology visualizes the situation of underground excavation roadways on the ground. And it feeds back control signals to the excavation working face to remotely synchronize and control the excavation working face roadheader unit. This becomes an important symbol of the current intelligent remote monitoring of roadway excavation. ③ There is currently limited research on intelligent collaborative control technology. This study explores the development directions of intelligent coal mine roadway excavation. The directions include strengthening the integration and collaboration of excavation equipment, modular combination of equipment, 5G mining wireless network equipment, remote intelligent monitoring system for excavation, and research on difficult and slow excavation roadway excavation engineering.

Objective Bioinformatics method was used to screen the key genes of ovarian cancer (OV) and analyze their correlation with immune cell infiltration. Methods We retrieved and downloaded three OV datasets from GEO, and screened DEGs in OV tissues by the GEO2R online analysis tool, then performed gene ontology (GO) functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis on DEGs using the Metascape database; after analyzing the PPI network of DEGs using the STRING database, the results were imported into Cytoscape software, and the MCC algorithm provided by the CytoHubba plugin was used to obtain the top 10 key genes; then we used the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database and GEPIA to perform survival analysis and co-expression analysis of key genes to derive the most highly correlated group of genes before doing their mRNA and protein expression; finally, the TISIDB database was used to explore the association between key genes and OV immune infiltration cell. Results A total of 161 DEGs were obtained in this study, and their GO functions were mainly related to the response of cells to TGF- β stimulation, P53-mediated DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and protein kinase binding caused by signal transduction, etc. KEGG pathway is mainly concentrated in cancer pathway, P53 signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascade and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Among the 10 key genes screened by Cytoscape, only CCNB1, HMMR, KIAA0101, AURKA, CEP55, ECT2 and TOP2A have significant effects on the prognosis of OV patients, among which CCNB1 and AURKA have the highest expression correlation in OV, and their mRNA and protein are highly expressed, which is not conducive to the prognosis of patients. The expression of CCNB1 and AURKA was positively correlated with the abundance of Th2 cells and Act-CD4 cells, but negatively correlated with eosinophils. Conclusion CCNB1 and AURKA are the key genes of OV, which are related to immune cells in OV microenvironment, and can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of OV.

BackgroundElectric propulsion systems, compared to traditional chemical propulsion, offer longer operational lifespans and lower fuel consumption in space missions, garnering significant attention in recent years. However, for high-power Hall effect electric thrusters developed based on controlled fusion concepts, measuring thrust proves challenging due to the high-temperature environments required for ionizing propellants in electric thruster, resulting in the generation of hot plasma plumes during operation. As a result, traditional thrust measurement methods are unable to accurately measure the thrust.PurposeThis study aims to accurately measure thrust during ground testing of electric thrusters for precise control of the spacecraft's attitude and orbit maintenance.MethodsFirstly, a thrust measurement platform based on flexible beam structure was designed and implemented with capability of measuring the thrust generated by electric thrusters in high-temperature. Simultaneously, a calibration system was built to verify the stability and repeatability of the thrust measurement results. Then, simulation analysis was conducted on the structural mechanics and thermal coupling field of the thrust measurement system under different operating conditions. Finally, the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket (VASIMR) was taken for experimental thrust measurement of its electric propulsion system.ResultsThe experimental results of VASIMR indicate the thrust is 266.5 mN measured in real time at the central magnetic field intensity of 0.2 T with a mass flow rate of 20 mg∙s-1.ConclusionsThe thrust measurement platform based on the bending beam structure can meet the measurement requirements of VASIMR, providing valuable references for subsequent experiments.

Vertigo and dizziness are common clinical symptoms. Although most patients have a good prognosis, vascular vertigo and dizziness can have catastrophic consequences if not recognized promptly. At present, vascular dizziness and vertigo are still very significant problems in clinical missed diagnosis, diagnosis generalization and over examination. The publication of the international "Vascular vertigo and dizziness: diagnostic criteria" provides a basis for clinicians' diagnosis and treatment behavior. However, in practical clinical work, clinicians might have to deal with more complicated situations. This paper reviews the progress of clinical diagnosis of vascular vertigo and dizziness from the aspects of clinical features, imaging and laboratory examination, so as to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of vascular vertigo and dizziness as well as the construction of a more accurate prediction model.

Objective·To explore the expression of microRNA-30b-5p (miR-30b-5p) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats and the effect of miR-30b-5p overexpression on ovarian granulosa cell (GC) autophagy.Methods·Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) was performed to establish a PCOS rat model, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to measure the expression of miR-30b-5p and autophagy-associated protein 5 homologue (Atg5) in the ovarian tissues of the normal group and PCOS group. Primary PCOS rat ovarian GCs were isolated and cultured, and divided into control group, miR-NC group, miR-30b-5p overexpression group, miR-30b-5p overexpression+pcDNA3.1-NC group, and miR-30b-5p overexpression+pcDNA3.1-Atg5 group. In addition, the ovarian GC of the normal group was taken as the blank group. MiR-30b-5p mimic, pcDNA3.1-Atg5 and the corresponding negative control were transfected into the cells, and 48 h after transfection, qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of miR-30b-5p and Atg5 mRNA of cells in each group to verify the transfection effect. CCK-8 and flow cytometer were performed to measure cell viability and apoptosis rate, respectively; immunofluorescence staining was performed to measure the positive expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in each group. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of autophagy-related proteins Atg5, p62, Beclin-1 and LC3.Results·The expression level of miR-30b-5p in the ovarian tissue of the PCOS group was significantly lower than that of the normal group, and the levels of Atg5 mRNA and protein were significantly higher than those of the normal group (all P=0.000). After transfection, compared with the blank group, the miR-30b-5p level, apoptosis rate, and p62 protein level in the ovarian GC of the control group were significantly reduced, the Atg5 mRNA and protein levels, cell proliferation activity, LC3 positive cell percentage, Beclin-1 protein level and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio were significantly increased (all P=0.000). Compared with the control group, the miR-30b-5p level, apoptosis rate, and p62 protein level in the ovarian GC of the miR-30b-5p overexpression group were significantly increased, and the Atg5 mRNA and protein levels, cell proliferation activity, LC3 positive cell percentage, Beclin-1 protein level and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio were significantly reduced (all P=0.000). Up-regulation of Atg5 can significantly attenuate the inhibitory effect of miR-30b-5p overexpression on ovarian GC proliferation and autophagy (all P=0.000).Conclusion·MiR-30b-5p is lowly expressed in PCOS; overexpression of miR-30b-5p can inhibit the proliferation and autophagy of ovarian GC in PCOS rats, and promote cell apoptosis, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Atg5 expression.

In view of the problem of water inrush from coal seam floor in China, the application effect of water inrush prevention measures of coal seam floor in recent years, such as the research on the mechanism of water inrush from coal seam floor under various conditions of different geological structures and high aquifer water pressure in China, and the widely used floor grouting reinforcement technology, the establishment of fault waterproof coal pillar and the drainage and pressure reduction before mining are summaried and analyzed, the shortcomings of the research on water inrush from coal seam floor are pointed out. The prospect of large mining depth, complexity, low cost, green, high efficiency and intelligent control of water inrush from coal seam floor is proposed.

ObjectivesTo review literature related to first-generation college students, the paper aims to outline the research direction, identify prominent research topics and frontiers, report on current research trends, and offer valuable insights and fresh perspectives for future advancements in the field, utilizing CiteSpace.MethodsCiteSpace is a citation visualization software designed to analyze the scholarly literature and uncover potential knowledge within it. This study retrieved articles related to first-generation college students from 2002 to 2022 from Web of Science Core Collection database. After collecting the data, CiteSpace V.6.1.R3 (64-bit) was used to perform analyses on various aspects, including annual publication output, top cited journals, country and institutional affiliations, prominent authors, cited references, and keywords. The data was visualized using tools such as knowledge maps, collaborative network analysis, cluster analysis, and strongest citation burst analysis.ResultsWe obtained a total of 471 articles on first-generation college students. The number of publications annually is increasing, and the number of publications generally shows an upward trend, especially in 2017–2021 with a sharp growth. The United States has the most articles on this topic (395 articles), and it is also the most authoritative and influential country (with a centrality of 0.93). Followed by South Africa (14 articles) and Germany (14 articles), The top 10 cited journals and institutions are predominantly from the United States. When analyzing the top cited references and authors, the research consistently highlights the academic achievement and engagement of first-generation college students.ConclusionThis study analyzed the current situation of first-generation college students field via CiteSpace, then identify the research hotspots and frontiers on first-generation college students. Current global trends in first-generation college students researches and the growing public awareness of academic performance and equality suggest that first-generation college students researches will grow in popularity with further breakthroughs.

The maximum ratio combining (MRC) diversity technology has shown outstanding performance in overcoming the adverse effects of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems. However, its actual performance gain will be affected by the detection area and noise, which requires an in-depth analysis. In this paper, on the basis of fully considering the noises in the UWOC system, the performance of the MRC diversity technology is fairly and comprehensively studied by comparing it with two single-input–single-output (SISO) systems using a small aperture detection (SAD) scheme or a large-aperture detection (LAD) scheme through a Monte Carlo simulation and a formula analysis. The results show that the traditional belief that the MRC diversity scheme has consistently outperformed SISO systems may be misleading. When the thermal noise is dominant and the background noise is small, the LAD scheme performs better than the MRC diversity scheme with the same detection area. And in other cases, the MRC diversity scheme with the same detection area is always superior to the SISO systems. The conclusions obtained in this paper have a guiding significance for the practical application of UWOC.

BACKGROUND At present, the main methods of soil available boron analysis are spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The spectrophotometric method has a long process, cumbersome operation, low analysis efficiency and easy environmental pollution, high requirements on the experience of the analyst, and unstable measurement results. The existing ICP-OES method has shortcomings such as long extraction time and high extraction temperature. It has low efficiency in analyzing large quantities of samples, wastes electrical energy and has the risk of scalding during operation. OBJECTIVES In order to improve the ICP-OES method with water bath extraction for determination of available boron in soil. METHODS The polyethylene stoppered plastic bottle was used instead of a quartz conical flask and a reflux device. Ultrapure hot water was added as the extractant. After leaching in a hot water bath, the ICP-OES method was used to determine the available boron content. RESULTS The optimal extraction conditions were determined through experiments: using 85℃ ultrapure hot water as the extractant, soil-liquid ratio of 1∶2, water bath extraction temperature of 85℃, extraction time of 6min, using ICP-OES method after hot centrifugation to determine the available boron content. The detection limit of the method was 0.02mg/kg, the precision (RSD, n=12) was less than 3%, and the standard substances NSA-1, NSA-2, NSA-3, NSA-6 and GBW07497 (HTSB-5) and GBW07498 (HTSB-6) were tested, and the relative errors of the measurement results were all less than 4%, which was consistent with the recommended value. CONCLUSIONS This method can be used to determine available boron in soil with quick, efficient, safe and cost-effective potentials.

ObjectiveTo provide reference for formulating effective supervision and management strategies， the overall situation of food safety in Tangshan was analyzed.MethodsThe food safety supervision and inspection in Tangshan from 2018 to 2020 were summarized， and the problems were analyzed.Results120 744 batches of food samples were inspected from 2018 to 2020. 3 046 batches of unqualified food samples were found， and the unqualified rate was 2.52%. The main food safety problems were the use of food additives beyond the scope and limit and microbial pollution. Among the 33 product categories， the unqualified rate of tableware was 25.61%， which was more prominent. The unqualified reason might be that tableware has not been thoroughly disinfected or improperly cleaned after disinfection.ConclusionInspection is an effective means to provides clues for effective supervision and clarify the key supervision area and requirements.

At present, there are some problems in the field of locomotive maintenance data analysis,such as large volume of onboard data,low efficiency, data loss and analysis omission. Based on the 5G communication technology, using the methods such as vehicle-ground integration IoT data collection and transmission, big data intelligent analysis and linkage analysis, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional integrated maintenance data application system which integrates the functions of vehicle-mounted system, ground transmission control system and the application information comprehensive intelligent analysis system. The system has the functions of vehicle-mounted multi-system data acquisition, high speed dumping of vehicle-ground data, data encryption transmission, continuous transmission of massive data at breakpoints, multi-system linkage analysis, automatic data association, audio and video intelligent analysis, and big data visualization analysis. The on-site application proves that full automatic and encrypted data transmission of the system avoid security risks such as data loss and leakage. At the same time, the intelligent analysis system realizes 100% analysis coverage of the dumped data of locomotives. Under the premise of halving the number of analysts and more than 10 times amount of analysis data increase, it achieves the effect of liberating manpower, improving work efficiency and fault-identification accuracy.

Foreseeing the failure of important unstable volumes is a major concern in the Alps, especially due to the presence of people and infrastructures in the valleys. The use of monitoring and remote sensing techniques is aimed at detecting potential instabilities and the combination of several techniques permits the cross-validation of the detected movements. Supplemented with field mapping and structural analysis, it is possible to define possible scenarios of rupture in terms of volume, mechanisms of failure and susceptibility. A combined observation strategy was applied to the study of major instability located in the Ticinese Alps (Switzerland), Cima del Simano, where the monitoring started in 2006 with the measurement of opened cracks with extensometers. Since 2021, the monitoring has been completed by LiDAR, satellite and GB-InSAR observations and structural analysis. Here, slow but constant movements of about 7 mm/yr were detected along with rockfall activities near the Simano summit. Eight failure scenarios of various sizes ranging from 2.3 × 105 m3 to 51 × 106 m3, various mechanisms (toppling, planar, wedge and circular sliding) and various occurrence probabilities were defined based on the topography and the monitoring results and by applying a Slope Local Base Level (SLBL) algorithm. Weather acquisition campaigns by means of thermologgers were also conducted to suggest possible causes that lead to the observed movements and to suggest the evolution of the instabilities with actual and future climate changes.

The Hongqiling magmatic Cu–Ni sulfide deposit is one of the most important deposits in the easternmost segment of the Central Asian Metallogenic Belt, northeast China. However, the existence or non-existence of magmatic chambers is still not been determined, which is the key to decipher the formation of Hongqiling Cu–Ni deposit. Therefore, this study proposes to adopt long-period magnetotellurics method to image the deep-seated metallogenic system in Hongqiling Cu–Ni deposit. Two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear conjugate gradient inversion technology allows us to describe entire magma plumbing system, including the mantle-derived magma channels (banded low-resistivity anomalies), deep separated chamber (low-resistivity anomaly C2), and shallow magma conduits (low-resistivity anomaly C1). These results indicated that the mantle-derived primitive magma gave rise to the parental magma for the mafic–ultramafic intrusions in Hongqiling Cu–Ni deposit and triggered the segregation of Cu–Ni sulfides in the shallow chamber. By combining the experimental simulation, geochemistry, geochronology, and geotectonics data in the study area, we suggest that the partial melting processes which produced the large magma plumbing system probably have been triggered by lithospheric delamination.

The concept of peace entered into Russian culture from the Bible and became its important spiritual tradition. With the development of secular literature, peace has gradually come out of the sacred field and become the significant aesthetic concept rich in connotation. In their works, Pasternak and Bulgakov reflect on the peace in the field of existence and art, especially the ontological value of family and love, thoughts about history, death and creativity. The concept of memory plays an important role in the artistic world of the two writers. Bulgakovs and Pasternaks books are testimony to rebirth and immortality, which is the way they participate in the sacred cause. The paper analyzes the place and role of the motive of peace in the novels of B. Pasternak Doctor Zhivago and M. Bulgakov The Master and Margarita in their similarities and differences. In this regard, the images of the house, music, creativity as the focus of the artists world are compared, the typological related figures of the beloved muse and the savior are considered, the specificity of the disclosure of the theme of immortality in creativity is noted.

C15H11BrO, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 6.0696(9) Å, b = 10.1112(10) Å, c = 10.9318(13) Å, α = 104.938(10)°, β = 104.246(12)°, γ = 97.021(10)°, V = 615.82(14) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0573, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1355, T = 293(2) K.

Taking the inspection robot of underground substation as the basic service platform, using the illusory engine UE4 as the development tool, and with the help of UE4 programming language blueprint, a digital twin system of inspection robot of underground substation of coal mine based on UE4 is designed. The system can remotely control the inspection robot to complete fixed-point and automatic inspection, display the inspection environment in three dimensions, receive the inspection data collected, analyze and display the data. The whole system architecture and each functional module are described in detail. The operation results show that the digital twin system of inspection robot realizes the inspection maintenance cooperative operation control of intelligent inspection robot; the system runs stably, can replace manual to complete the efficient inspection and management of underground substation, improve the production efficiency of coal mine.

The authors propose a new framework, deep evolutionary reinforcement learning, evolves agents with diverse morphologies to learn hard locomotion and manipulation tasks in complex environments, and reveals insights into relations between environmental physics, embodied intelligence, and the evolution of rapid learning.

In the 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (fifth edition), the term "circumscribed" was used to classify astrocytic gliomas with localized growth characteristics. So far, the descriptions of "diffuse" and "circumscribed", which define the growth mode, have been applied to the classification of gliomas. This paper interprets the content of circumscribed astrocytic gliomas in the new edition tumors classification, introduces the definitions and clinical characteristics of high ⁃ grade astrocytoma with piloid features and astroblastoma, MN1⁃altered, and analyzes the value and significance of molecular markers and gene changes in the diagnosis and treatment of circumscribed astrocytic gliomas.

The United States is constantly applying new technologies to wars and weapons, and constantly adjusting the combat concept and the direction of combat capability construction, in order to maintain its strategic deterrence and tactical advantages. By analyzing the evolution of operation concept, the air combat capability development and general situation of the special technology research of air-to-air missile in nearly 30 years, this paper explores the rules of project and technology development, and analyzes key technologies and core development situation. It summarizes the enlightenment to improve our army air combat capabilities, and puts forward the future development direction and development suggestions for air-to-air missile.

The increasing area of Plastic-Mulched Farmland (PMF) is aggravating the conflict between agricultural development and environmental protection. The spatial distribution of PMF requires an effective and economic technique. However, most works are currently carried out on pixel-level algorithms, which leads inevitably to mixed spectral errors. In this connection, PMF has been mapped with Pléiades and Radarsat-2 data combining object-based image analysis (OBIA) and Random Forest (RF). At first, through visual interpretation, the outcomes of various segmenting scenarios were used to select the optimum segmentation parameters. The spectral characteristics, textural and geometric features were then extracted and tailored to the best PMF mapping function subset. Finally, we map the PMF using the optimized object-level feature subset based on RF. The results show that the ability of Pléiades data to map PMF in Northern China is higher than that of Radarsat-2. The overall mapping accuracy achieved is 90.27%. In general, the precision and reliability of the mapping are the product of extensive structural data and object-level features that can reduce the reliance on spectral data.

The current study aims to use the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method to discuss the glass transition behaviour and fractional free volume (FFV) of the pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the plasticized PET induced by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) sorption. The adsorption concentration reproduced through sorption relaxation cycles (SRC) was firstly estimated and in an order of magnitude with the known experimental results available in the reported literature. The FFV induced by SC-CO2 in PET polymer changes regularly, which is proportional to the capacity of SC-CO2 adsorption with the changes in temperature and pressure. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was further estimated to be almost identical to the known experimental values and shows a gradually decreasing tendency with the increase of pressure. Meanwhile, the plasticization of PET polymer studied by radial distribution functions showed that CO2 molecules occupying the sorption sites on the PET backbone promoted plasticization by increasing the fluidity of the PET backbone chain.

During the century-long mining process of the Fushun west open pit, slope slippage and deformation caused varying degrees of horizontal deformation, uneven settlement, and ground cracks on the surface of the urban areas, which caused a certain degree of damage to buildings and infrastructure and affected the livings of residents in the surrounding communities. In this study, a set of building reinforcement and community resilience enhancement methods that can resist slope deformation was proposed to improve the ability of urban areas to cope with slope geological hazards and emergency response. The main research contents included: Firstly, this paper systematically analyzed the deformation mechanism of the dip sloping and the inverse dip sloping section of the open pit mine, which was based on the field measured data and simulation calculation results. In other words, the horizontal deformation of the stratum in the dip sloping section was dominant, while the stratum in the inverse dip sloping section was prone to ground cracks and uneven settlement. In view of this, three surface deformation characteristic subdivisions of the surrounding urban area were proposed. In addition, a study on the damage characteristics of buildings with different types of foundations and structures under the influence of side slope deformation were carried out, and the anti-deformation reinforcement measures for load-bearing members mainly based on steel fiber concrete, carbon fiber materials and profile steel were proposed. Finally, a three-level disaster emergency setting system for urban areas around open pit mine was established, and the disaster prevention and resilience enhancement strategy for build and unbuilt the communities around the side slopes was constructed. The study aims to provide technical support to the overall resilience and response of the urban communities adjacent to open-pit mine slopes against consequent geological hazards and emergencies, thereby promoting sustainable urban development.

Social-ecological systems provide a comprehensive scientific framework for understanding the complex processes and interactions between natural and human systems. However, system analysis with assumptions of reducibility, linear trade-offs or synergies and separability, and methods to detect social-ecological system transitions from time series are not sufficient to deal with the challenges of sustainable development. The interpretation of the spatial pattern is a potentially powerful choice for understanding social-ecological system transitions. Therefore, this study mapped social-ecological system archetypes by combining dominant function identification and K-means clustering methods. Results showed that Food Production Space, Economic Development Space and Ecological Service Space constituted the main archetypes of social-ecological systems, which covered about 8.7%, 1% and 78.1% of China respectively in 2018. Ecological-Food Space, Food-Economic Space, and Economic-Ecological Space reflected the key areas and hotspots for social-ecological system transitions, characterized by Economic Development Space expansion, Food Production Space reconstruction and Ecological Service Space contraction. Between 1990 and 2018, about 10.6% of the social-ecological system underwent transformation, mainly manifested in the transition of Food Production Space into Food-Economic Space (4.37 Mha) and Ecological-Food Space (8.34 Mha), and in the transition of Food-Economic Space to Food Production Space (9.16 Mha) and Economic Development Space (4.19 Mha). The pathways of social-ecological system transitions were mainly affected by factors such as institution, policy, capital, location, technology, population, cognition, and culture. These factors drove social-ecological system transitions through the mechanisms of community crisis response and individual interest induction. It suggested that sustainable development efforts should be focused on limiting the increase in driving factors that may weaken the critical feedback process, thereby maintaining the stability of the desired social-ecological systems.

In this study, we focused on the influencing factors of renal anaemia in patients with IgA nephropathy and constructed a nomogram model. We divided 462 patients with IgA nephropathy diagnosed by renal biopsy into anaemic and non-anaemic groups. Then, the influencing factors of renal anaemia in patients with IgA nephropathy were analysed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression, and a nomogram model for predicting renal anaemia was established. Eventually, nine variables were obtained, which are easy to apply clinically. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and precision-recall (PR) curve reached 0.835 and 0.676, respectively, and the C-index reached 0.848. The calibration plot showed that the model had good discrimination, accuracy, and diagnostic efficacy. In addition, the C-index of the model following internal validation reached 0.823. Decision curve analysis suggested that the model had a certain degree of clinical significance. This new nomogram model of renal anaemia combines the basic information, laboratory findings, and renal biopsy results of patients with IgA nephropathy, providing important guidance for predicting and clinically intervening in renal anaemia.