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【Objective】 Evaluating evapotranspiration and soil salinization is critical for soil and water management but challenging on large scales. This paper investigates the feasibility of using remote sensing technologies and meteorological data to estimate evapotranspiration and soil salinization in irrigated areas. 【Method】 The study was conducted in the Manasi River Basin in Northeastern China. It was based on the Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) model, using the Landsat-8 remote sensing data and field sampling to estimate spatial distribution of both evapotranspiration and soil salinity in the studied area. 【Result】 ① The normalized vegetation index (R2 = 0.644 8), surface specific emissivity (R2 = 0.637 7), and surface temperature (R2 = 0.558 3) all showed a strong correlation with soil salinity, while surface albedo (R2 = 0.198 6) had a weaker correlation with soil salinity. ② Daily evapotranspiration (ET) in the Manasi River Basin ranged from 0.024 to 5.403 mm, with an average of 3.866 mm. ET decreased from the Southern irrigation area to the Northern Gobi region. ③ ET values less than 3.60 mm/d were associated with non-saline and moderate saline soils. For areas with ET between 3.60 mm/d and 4.05 mm/d, moderate soil salinity dominated. For areas with ET exceeding 4.05 mm/d, the proportion of severe soil salinity increased significantly. 【Conclusion】 Using remotely sensed satellite imagery, the SEBS model provides an accurate, high-resolution estimate of evapotranspiration in terrestrial systems. The evapotranspiration was positively correlated with soil salinity in the Manasi River Basin. These results can help improve land and water management in the region.

The higher requirements for power sources in electric vehicles promote the further research on high voltage cathode material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4(LNMO), especially for its cycle stability. As previously reported, doping has achieved some promotion in enhancing cycle stability, but little attention paid to the side effects on the change of internal stress induced by the differences in ionic radius between Mn4+ and doping elements, leading to the little cognitive advances in enhancement mechanism. Thus, in this paper, Ce4+ ion was chosen as the research subject; the effect of Ce4+ doping on the internal stress change was investigated through monitoring lattice parameter changes by in situ XRD. In addition, the content of Ce4+ doping on electrochemical property was explored; the results exhibit that Li0.99Ni0.05Mn1.5Ce0.01O2 (LNMCO-0.01) shows superior cycling stability compared with LNMO for its better crystal structure stability during cycle process, as demonstrated by SEM and TEM. For example, under 10 C, the 1000th discharge capacity is 88.2 mAh/g much larger than that of LNMO (73.5 mAh/g). This work provides new perspectives for choosing doping element for cathode material in improving its cycling stability, which may contribute a lot to the further application of high voltage LNMO as cathode material in LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxide/metal pairs have been developed for use as an efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst. Further modulation of the elementary steps to determine the potential catalytic performance and understand the underlying mechanism is urgent and challenging. Herein, a NiCu and NiMoOx nanocomposite (NiCu/MoOx) with an adjustable surface composition for use in alkaline HERs is reported. The combination of X-ray adsorption near-edge structure (XANES), SCN− poisoning, and density functional theory (DFT) investigation reveals that the excessive OHads adsorption can promote water dissociation while leading to hydroxyl poisoning. The introduced high valence Mo can promote the formation of low value Niδ+ to optimize OHads adsorption. Meanwhile, the adjustable NiCu solid solution can achieve optimal hydrogen adsorption which boosts the Hads transfer. The obtained NiCu/MoOx demonstrates an excellent HER performance, characterized by a tiny overpotential of 14 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and fast alkaline HER kinetics with a small Tafel slope of 38.3 mV dec−1. The results of this research suggest that integrating a multi-component to match OHads and Hads active sites is an effective strategy for promoting alkaline HER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]