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The pomelo industry is a pillar industry in Pinghe County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. In order to disperse the operational risks of local pomelo production, based on the pomelo production in Pinghe County of Zhangzhou City from 1985 to 2022 and the weather data from the middle ten days March to the first ten days of August of the corresponding year, the original data of pomelo yield per unit area was decomposed into trend yield per unit area and meteorological yield per unit area. The original data of yield per unit area was adjusted to convert it to the yield per unit area under the productivity level of 2024. The kernel density estimation method was used to fit the probability density function of the sequence and used for the determination of pure rate. Then, the correlation analysis was carried out by using the adjusted yield per unit area and weather data to screen the significant weather index. The results showed that the linear relationship between the rainfall index and the adjusted yield per unit area was the most significant in the middle and last ten days of April. For the agreed insurance output of 51000 kg⋅hm-2 and the insurance price of 2.8 yuan⋅kg-1 in 2024, that was, the insurance amount per 666.7 m² was 9520 yuan, the determined pure premium rate was 4.0191%, and the insurance rate was 4.6220%. For the insurance compensation trigger value of the rainfall index RI of 160mm, and the eight graded compensation intervals of RI, the corresponding probability of occurrence for the compensation events was calculated respectively, and the corresponding calculation formula of compensation amount was given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peanut has a fairly strong ability of accumulating cadmium (Cd) from the soil, and the problem of Cd content in peanut exceeding the food safety standard is serious in some regions of China. Seed coating is a common technology to control diseases and insect pests and enhance stress resistance in peanut production, but the research of using seed coating technology to control Cd pollution risk in peanut producing areas has not been reported. This study first screened out three suitable concentrations of manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) coating agents by seed germination test, and then further screened out the concentration of coating agent with the best Cd reduction effect by pot experiment. The effect of Mn fertilizer and Zn fertilizer seed coating on Cd transfer within peanut plant in Cd-contaminated soil was further explored through pot experiment. The results of seed germination test showed that the seed coating treatment with low to moderate concentrations of Mn and Zn fertilizer did not affect the seed germination rate and could promote the root length, while the excessive concentration could obviously inhibit the seed germination. The results of pot experiment showed that among the seed coating agents of Mn and Zn, 3% Mn fertilizer coating agent (Mn3) and 2% Zn fertilizer coating agent (Zn2) had the most significant effect on reducing Cd in peanut seeds, with the Cd reduction rates reaching 19.0% and 24.1% respectively, and Zn2 had the better Cd reduction effect. Compared with the control, the Cd bioaccumulation factor of roots in the two treatments decreased significantly, the Cd translocation factor (TF) from roots to shoots increased significantly, the TF from shoots to seeds decreased, while the TF from roots to seeds had no obvious change. Compared with the control, the absorption of Cd in peanut plants under Mn3 and Zn2 treatments decreased by 9.18% and 13.6%. There was a significant negative correlation between the contents of Cd in peanut seeds and roots and the contents of Mn and Zn in roots. Seed coating with Mn and Zn can reduce the Cd content in peanut seeds by inhibiting the absorption of Cd by roots and the transport of Cd within peanut plant. This study put forward the technology of reducing Cd content in peanut by seed coating, which provided a new method for risk control of Cd pollution in peanut producing areas. Key words: seed coating; seed germination; peanut; cadmium ble sugar decreased after PS-NPs exposure. Transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 2112 differentially expressed genes were generated by PS-NPs exposure treatment, GO and KEGG analysis showed that they were mainly enriched in pathways related to redox reaction, reaction to ethylene and abscisic acid, amino acid metabolism and synthesis of other secondary metabolites. It was noted that 250 transcription factors were differentially expressed, mainly including the ERF, WRKY, NAC, bHLH and MYB transcription factor families. This experiment lays a foundation for further exploring the impact of nanoplastics on crops such as soybeans and its molecular mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, which is highly prevalent worldwide. Abnormal activation of Wnt/ß -catenin signaling pathway is an important mechanism of renal damage induced by hyperglycemia. Many studies have shown that TCM has the advantages of high efficiency and safety in the prevention and treatment of DN. Some TCM monomers and compounds repair podocyte function and inhibit transdifferentiation process by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, thus playing a protective role in kidney. Based on this, this paper will review the existing research results and related mechanisms of TCM intervention in Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in the treatment of DN, in order to promote the more effective and reasonable application of TCM in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been hypothesized that an interaction among adenosine (A.sub.1) receptors, protein kinase C (PKC) activation, and ATP-sensitive potassium channels ([K.sub.ATP]) mediates ischemic preconditioning in experiments on different animal species. The purpose of this study was to determine if activation of [K.sub.ATP] is functionally coupled to [A.sub.1] receptors and (or) PKC activation during metabolic inhibition (MI) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Perforated-patch using nystatin and conventional whole-cell recording methods were used to observe the effects of adenosine and adenosine-receptor antagonists on the activation of [K.sub.ATP] currents during MI induced by application of 2,4dinitrophenol (DNP) and 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) without glucose, in the presence or absence of a PKC activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Adenosine accelerated the time course activation of [K.sub.ATP] currents during MI under the intact intracellular condition or dialyzed condition with l mmol/L ATP in the pipette solution. The accelerated effect of adenosine activation of [K.sub.ATP] under MI was not reversed by a nonselective Al adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (SPT), or a specific Al adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl- 1,3dipropylxanthine (DPCPX). However, the adenosine [A.sub.2] receptor antagonist alloxazine reversed the time course activation of the [K.sub.ATP] current under MI. An adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, did not further abbreviate the time course activation of [K.sub.ATP] with or without adenosine. Application of a PKC blocker, chelerythrine, reversed the time course activation of [K.sub.ATP] by adenosine under MI. In addition, pretreatment with a PKC activator, PMA, had similar effects to adenosine, while adenosine did not further shorten the time required for activation of [K.sub.ATP] currents during MI with PMA pretreatment. There is no direct evidence of activation of [K.sub.ATP] currents by adenosine [A.sub.1] receptor during metabolic inhibition under our experimental condition. However, adenosine [A.sub.2] receptor activation is involved in the [K.sub.ATP] channel activation in the guinea pig ventricular myocytes, of which effect is not mediated through the increase in intracellular cAMP. Adenosine seems to interact with PKC activation to open [K.sub.ATP] during MI, but a possible link between the adenosine [A.sub.2] receptor and PKC activation in this process needs further elucidation. Key words: ATP-sensitive potassium channel, adenosine, protein kinase C, ischemic preconditioning, cardiomyocytes. Une interaction entre les recepteurs [A.sub.1] de l'adenosine, l'activation de la proteine kinase C (PKC) et les canaux potassiques sensibles a l'ATP ([K.sub.ATP]) participerait a la mediation du preconditionnement ischeemique selon des etudes experimentales sur diffeerentes especes animales. La presente etude a eu pour but de determiner si l'activation des canaux [K.sub.ATP] est fonctionnellement couplee aux recepteurs [A.sub.1] et (ou) a l'activation de la PKC durant l'inhibition meetabolique (IM) dans les myocytes ventriculaires de cobayes. Nous avons utilise les techniques d'enregistrement en patch clamp configurations cellule entiere et patch perfore avec nystatine pour examiner les effets de l'adenosine et d'antagonistes des recepteurs de l'adenosine sur l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM induite par l'application de 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) et de 2desoxyglucose (2DG), sans glucose, en presence et en l'absence de l'activateur de la PKC, phorbol 12-myristate 13acetate (PMA). L'adenosine a accetere le deecours temporel de l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM en condition intracellulaire intact ou en condition dialysee avec insertion de 1 mmol/L d'ATP dans la pipette. L'effet d'acceleeration de l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM n'a pas ete renverse par l'antagoniste non seelectif des recepteurs [A.sub.1] de l'adenosine, 8- (psulfophenyl)theophylline (STP), ou l'antagoniste specifique des recepteurs [A.sub.1] de l'adenosine, 8-cyclopentyl1,3dipropylxanthine (DPCPX). Toutefois, l'antagoniste des recepteurs [A.sub.2] de l'adenosine, alloxazine, a renverse le deecours temporel de l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM. L'activateur de l'adenylate cyclase, forskoline, n'a pas attenue davantage le deecours temporel de l'activation de la [K.sub.ATP], en presence ou non d'adenosine. L'application du bloqueur de la PKC, chelerythrine, a renverse le decours temporel de l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] par l'adenosine durant l'IM. Enfin, le pretraitement avec l'activateur de la PKC, PMA, a eu des effets similaires a ceux l'adenosine, qui n'a pas raccourci davantage le temps necessaire a l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM. Nos conditions experimentales n'ont pas permis une observation directe de l'activation des courants [K.sub.ATP] par les recepteurs [A.sub.1] de l'adenosine durant l'inhibition metabolique. Cependant, les recepteurs [A.sub.2] participent a l'activation des canaux [K.sub.ATP] dans les myocytes ventriculaires du cobaye, effet qui n'est pas vehicule par l'augmentation de l'AMPc intracellulaire. L'adenosine semble interagir avec l'activation de la PKC pour ouvrir les canaux [K.sub.ATP] durant l'IM, mais l'existence d'un lien possible entre les recepteurs [A.sub.2] de l'adenosine et l'activation de la PKC dans ce processus devra faire l'objet d'une autre etude. Mots-cles: canal potassique sensible a l'ATP, adenosine, proteeine kinase C, preconditionnement ischeemique, cardiomyocytes. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Ischemic preconditioning is a phenomenon in which single or multiple brief periods of ischemia and reperfusion render the heart resistant to subsequent profound ischemic insults (Murry et al. 1986). [...]

Aiming at the difficulty of the train bottom parts detection, a detection algorithm based on OSE-dResnet network is proposed. In order to increase the richness and accuracy of feature extraction, feature extraction is enhanced by increasing cross-layer transmission, based on the Resnet50 network. Second, an OSEnet module is embedded into the feature extraction network to enhance beneficial feature channels with global features. Finally, the feature layers of different scales are fused to achieve the feature information complementation. The experimental results show that the algorithm combining the OSEnet module and the d-Resnet network has a good detection effect on the bottom parts of the train. The proposed algorithm is validated on the test datasets, and mAP reaches 98.77%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of road detection in aerial images, a road extraction algorithm based on prediction and residual refinement networks is proposed. Firstly, the prediction network makes initial predictions. In order to improve the refinement ability of the segmentation network and learn higher-level road features, the dilated convolution and multi-kernel pooling modules are introduced in the pre-diction networks. Secondly, the residual refinement network will further refine the output of the prediction network and improve the ambiguity of the prediction network results. In addition, considering the small proportion of road pixels in aerial images, the network also combines binary cross entropy, structural similarity, and intersection over union loss functions to reduce road information loss. The experimental results on the Massachusetts road dataset show that the precision, recall, F value and accuracy reaches 99.3%, 95.7%, 97.3% and 95.1%, respectively. The intersection over union and structural similarity also reaches 94.8% and 84.3%, respectively. Compared with other algorithms, this proposed algorithm has certain application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been hypothesized that an interaction among adenosine A1 receptors, protein kinase C (PKC) activation, and ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) mediates ischemic preconditioning in experiments on different animal species. The purpose of this study was to determine if activation of KATP is functionally coupled to A1 receptors and (or) PKC activation during metabolic inhibition (MI) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Perforated-patch using nystatin and conventional whole-cell recording methods were used to observe the effects of adenosine and adenosine-receptor antagonists on the activation of KATP currents during MI induced by application of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) without glucose, in the presence or absence of a PKC activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Adenosine accelerated the time course activation of KATP currents during MI under the intact intracellular condition or dialyzed condition with l mmol/L ATP in the pipette solution. The accelerated effect of adenosine activation of KATP under MI was not reversed by a nonselective Al adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (SPT), or a specific Al adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX). However, the adenosine A2 receptor antagonist alloxazine reversed the time course activation of the KATP current under MI. An adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, did not further abbreviate the time course activation of KATP with or without adenosine. Application of a PKC blocker, chelerythrine, reversed the time course activation of KATP by adenosine under MI. In addition, pretreatment with a PKC activator, PMA, had similar effects to adenosine, while adenosine did not further shorten the time required for activation of KATP currents during MI with PMA pretreatment. There is no direct evidence of activation of KATP currents by adenosine A1 receptor during metabolic inhibition under our experimental condition. However, adenosine A2 receptor activation is involved in the KATP channel activation in the guinea pig ventricular myocytes, of which effect is not mediated through the increase in intracellular cAMP. Adenosine seems to interact with PKC activation to open KATP during MI, but a possible link between the adenosine A2 receptor and PKC activation in this process needs further elucidation. Une interaction entre les récepteurs A1 de l'adénosine, l'activation de la protéine kinase C (PKC) et les canaux potassiques sensibles à l'ATP (KATP) participerait à la médiation du préconditionnement ischémique selon des études expérimentales sur différentes espèces animales. La présente étude a eu pour but de déterminer si l'activation des canaux KATP est fonctionnellement couplée aux récepteurs A1 et (ou) à l'activation de la PKC durant l'inhibition métabolique (IM) dans les myocytes ventriculaires de cobayes. Nous avons utilisé les techniques d'enregistrement en patch clamp configurations cellule entière et patch perforé avec nystatine pour examiner les effets de l'adénosine et d'antagonistes des récepteurs de l'adénosine sur l'activation des courants KATP durant l'IM induite par l'application de 2,4-dinitrophénol (DNP) et de 2-désoxyglucose (2DG), sans glucose, en présence et en l'absence de l'activateur de la PKC, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acétate (PMA). L'adénosine a accéléré le décours temporel de l'activation des courants KATP durant l'IM en condition intracellulaire intact ou en condition dialysée avec insertion de 1 mmol/L d'ATP dans la pipette. L'effet d'accélération de l'activation des courants KATP durant l'IM n'a pas été renversé par l'antagoniste non sélectif des récepteurs A1 de l'adénosine, 8-(p-sulfophényl)théophylline (STP), ou l'antagoniste spécifique des récepteurs A1 de l'adénosine, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX). Toutefois, l'antagoniste des récepteurs A2 de l'adénosine, alloxazine, a renversé le décours temporel de l'activation des courants KATP durant l'IM. L'activateur de l'adénylate cyclase, forskoline, n'a pas atténué davantage le décours temporel de l'activation de la KATP, en présence ou non d'adénosine. L'application du bloqueur de la PKC, chélérythrine, a renversé le décours temporel de l'activation des courants KATP par l'adénosine durant l'IM. Enfin, le prétraitement avec l'activateur de la PKC, PMA, a eu des effets similaires à ceux l'adénosine, qui n'a pas raccourci davantage le temps nécessaire à l'activation des courants KATP durant l'IM. Nos conditions expérimentales n'ont pas permis une observation directe de l'activation des courants KATP par les récepteurs A1 de l'adénosine durant l'inhibition métabolique. Cependant, les récepteurs A2 participent à l'activation des canaux KATP dans les myocytes ventriculaires du cobaye, effet qui n'est pas véhiculé par l'augmentation de l'AMPc intracellulaire. L'adénosine semble interagir avec l'activation de la PKC pour ouvrir les canaux KATP durant l'IM, mais l'existence d'un lien possible entre les récepteurs A2 de l'adénosine et l'activation de la PKC dans ce processus devra faire l'objet d'une autre étude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex hypernetworks are ubiquitous in real-life systems. While a substantial body of previous research has only focused on the applications of hypernetworks, relatively little work has investigated the evolving models of hypernetworks. Considering the formations of many real world networks, we propose two evolving mechanisms of the hyperedge growth and the hyperedge preferential attachment, then construct an evolving hypernetwork model. We introduce some basic topological quantities, such as a variety of degree distributions, clustering coefficients as well as average path length. We numerically investigate these quantities in the limit of large hypernetwork size and find that our hypernetwork model shares similar qualitative features with the majority of complex networks that have been previously studied, such as the scale-free property of the degree distribution and a high degree of clustering, as well as the small-world property. It is expected that our attempt in the hypernetwork model can bring the upsurge in the study of the hypernetwork model in further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the original wool quality and production technology, it researched the causes of float wool and broken wool of Tibetan carpet, as well as the different distribution of float wool and broken wool in the organizational structure of the Tibetan carpet influence on the removal efficiency, to identify the factors affect the removal efficiency. Compared and analysed the removal efficiency of industrial vacuum cleaners, electrostatic removal, the electrostatic precipitator wheel and mechanical removal by the experimental, obtained mechanical removal of the above four removal methods was better. Combined with the actual production, put forward the mainly removal method is by machine and the auxiliary method is by industrial vacuum cleaner, to get the best removal efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

Objective: To explore the diagnostic role of SOX13 antibody in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA)., Methods: Sera of 328 patients with slow-onset diabetes and 120 sex and age-matched healthy controls underwent radiochemical test to detect the positive rates of SOX13-Ab, glutamic acid decarboxylace antibody (GAD-Ab) and carboxypeptidase H antibody (CPH-Ab). According to the GAD-Ab and CPH-Ab status the patients were divided into autoimmune (GAD-Ab and/or CPH-Ab positive, n = 130) and non-autoimmune (GAD-Ab and CPH-Ab negative, n = 198) diabetic subgroups. Then according to SOX13-Ab, GAD-Ab and CPH-Ab status, the diabetic patients were divided into 4 groups: SOX13-Ab positive, GAD-Ab positive, CPH-Ab positive, and antibody-negative group to compare their clinical characteristics. The effect of SOX13-Ab on islet beta-cell function was evaluated by comparison of C-peptide among the four subgroups., Results: The positive rates of SOX13-Ab in the slow-onset diabetic patients (10.4%), autoimmune subgroup patients (13.1%), and non-autoimmune subgroup patients (8.6%) were all higher than that in the healthy controls (2.5%, all P < 0.05). Thirteen patients were positive for both SOX13-Ab and CPH-Ab (13/328, 4.0%), but only 2 were positive for both SOX13-Ab and GAD-Ab (2/328, 0.6%). The highest prevalence of SOX13-Ab was observed in the patients with the duration of disease ranging from 16 to 20 years. There were no differences in the clinical parameters between the SOX13-Ab positive and antibody-negative diabetic patients., Conclusion: SOX13-Ab testing helps improve the sensitivity of screening for LADA. SOX13-Ab positive patients tend to have a longer course of disease and varied clinical manifestations.

Objective: To explore the immunological and genetic factors of common anti-islet autoantibody-negative patients with type 1 diabetes., Methods: Specimens of peripheral blood were collected from 33 common autoantibody (GAD-Ab, IA2-Ab, IAA, TGA and TPO-Ab) negative diabetic patients with new-onset of unprovoked ketosis (or ketoacidosis), and genome DNA was extracted. The antibodies to carboxypeptide-H (CPH) and SOX13 (ICA12) were detected by radioligand assay. The gene mutations of MODY3 (HNF-1alpha) and MODY6 (NeuroD1/Beta2) were detected by PCR-SSCP sequencing. Mitochondrial gene mutations were analyzed with PCR-RFLP., Results: Two (6%) of the patients were SOX13-Ab positive, while none of them was positive for CPH-Ab. Gene mutation detection found one case of a new mutation, R321H (CGC-->CAC) in the exon 5 of HNF-1alpha gene and one case with ND1 mt3316 G-->A mutation in mitochondrial DNA. In addition to the diabetes-associated mutations described above, seven polymorphisms of HNF-1alpha gene, including L17L, I27L, L459L, S487N, IVS5 + 9 C > G, IVS6-42 G > T, and IVS7 + 7 G > A, and one NeuroD1/Beta2 gene polymorphic variant Ala45Thr, were found., Conclusion: Autoimmunity and gene mutations (such as MODY3 and mitochondrial genes mutations) may be etiological in a few cases initially diagnosed as autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes. Autoimmunity and MODY and mitochondrial diabetes should be excluded if idiopathic type 1 (type 1B) diabetes is diagnosed.

Background & Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Recently, it was reported that EBV DNA could be detected in the plasma or serum of NPC patients, but the clinical significance of EBV DNA concentration for monitoring of tumor recurrence and metastasis in NPC patients after radiotherapy has not been reported. This study was designed to quantitatively analyze the plasma EBV DNA concentration in NPC patients after radiotherapy, and to evaluate its application for monitoring of tumor recurrence and metastasis., Methods: Ninety NPC outpatients after radiotherapy in Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University were followed up. The plasma EBV DNA were analyzed by using fluorescent quantitative PCR technique, and the quantity of plasma EBV DNA were compared between recurrent and clinical remission NPC patients., Results: Ninety-six point seven percent (29/30) of recurrent and metastatic patients were detectable for plasma EBV DNA, with median concentration of 2650 copies/ml (range:0-5900000), whereas only 12%(7/60) of the clinical remission patients were detectable for plasma EBV DNA, with median concentration of 0 copy/ml (range:0-71000). The detectable proportion and concentration in recurrent and metastatic NPC patients were significantly higher than that in clinical remission NPC patients (P< 0.01). Three of the clinical remission NPC patients with elevated EBV DNA copy were confirmed for tumor local recurrence or metastasis after further 3-4 month follow-up., Conclusion: The results suggest that plasma EBV DNA detection may be a sensitive tumor marker for monitoring tumor recurrence and metastasis of NPC patients after radiotherapy.