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Abstract [Objective] The study aims to identify and describe a new species Cinnamomum huarum (Lauraceae), which was collected from Nanjian, Yunnan of China. [Methods] This species was confirmed as a new taxa by morphological comparison with morphologically similar species and molecular phylogenetic study based on chloroplast genome data. [Results] The new species was similar to C. chago: Pinnately veined, leaves opposite or subopposite, long acumen, branchlets sparsely puberulent, terminal bud densely pubescent, leaf blade gray white abaxially and puberulent, margin undulate and fruit oblate. The chloroplast genome size of this species was 154 078 bp, which was 1 325 bp longer than C. chago and 1 348 bp longer than C. pittosporoides, having an extra 678 bp fragment in the inverted repeat region compared to C. chago and C. pittosporoides. In the phylogenetic tree constructed with whole chloroplast genome of 36 Lauraceae species, C. huarum formed an independent parallel branch with C. pittosporoides and other species. [Conclusion] Both the morphological and phylogenetic research indicate that C. huarum is a distinct species.

The B4C-stainless steel composites with B4C mass fraction of 4.00% were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, using B4C microspheres and 304 stainless steel powders as the raw materials. The density of the composites was tested by the drainage method, the microstructures of B4C and stainless steels were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the effects of sintering temperature and pressure on the density and microstructure of the composites were investigated. The results show that, the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer increases with the increase of sintering temperature. Meanwhile, increasing the sintering pressure can significantly reduce the sintering temperature, which inhibits the growth of the interfacial reaction layer between B4C and stainless steels. When the pressure reaches 150 MPa, the relative density of the composites can reach 99.5% after sintering at 950 ℃ for 6 min, and the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer is less than 5 μm.

Mouth breathing in children not only affects the growth and development of teeth and maxillofacial, but also may seriously affect the physical and mental health of children with sleep disordered breathing. Mouth breathing can be divided into obstructive mouth breathing and habitual mouth breathing. Its occurrence and development may be related to various systemic diseases such as allergy, inflammation, immunity, genetics, etc. It also involves changes in the structure of the oral temporomandibular joint, perioral muscle group, dental arch morphology, and development of the upper and lower jaws. Therefore, the treatment of mouth breathing in children should be a multidisciplinary combined sequential treatment plan based on the causes associated with different organs or systems. From the perspective of orthodontists, this paper analyzes the diagnosis and treatment process of different types of mouth breathing, so as to provide reference for clinicians.

As a new and high-quality form of productivity, new quality productivity is born with the development of the times and is driven by scientific and technological innovation, surpassing traditional productivity. New quality productivity is a great and creative proposition put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping on the basis of integrating the two major domestic and international situations and accurately analyzing the various contradictions in the changing world. The intrinsic power of the new quality productivity comes from the change of new technology, the promotion of cutting-edge talents and the cultivation of the policy environment. The new quality productivity empowered education development is reflected in the change of the education industry, the creation of education value and the realization of education equity. In order to achieve the development of education empowered by new productivity, the following points must be done: strengthen the top-level design, create a long-term mechanism for the development of education empowered by new productivity; accelerate the flow of resources to drive the development of education empowered by new productivity; and implement gradual integration to promote the in-depth integration of new productivity and education development.

Objective To explore the effects of military operation types on the mental health of Chinese veterans and the mediating role of psychological quality based on a dual-factor model of mental health. Methods Cross-sectional study design was adopted in this study.Self-designed demographic information questionnaire, patient health questionnaire depression module-9 item (PHQ-9), general anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7), satisfaction with life scale and psychological quality questionnaire were used to survey on 3 027 Chinese veterans. Results ① Compared to the one-factor model and the two-factor models with other indicators, the dual-factor model of mental health, with anxiety symptoms as a negative indicator and life satisfaction as a positive indicator, fitted better (Chi-square/df=8.927, GFI=0.974, AGFI=0.962, RMSEA=0.051, NNFI=0.985, IFI=0.988, CFI=0.988).②Taking the subjects who did not participate in war/non-war military operations as the reference, psychological quality showed significant relatively mediating effects between war and life satisfaction, and between war and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05), while no such significances were observed in the corresponding ones for non-war military operations.③ War could decrease veterans'life satisfaction through full mediation of cognitive, adaptive and personality dimensions of psychological quality, and increase anxiety symptoms through partial mediation of the personality dimension of psychological quality. Conclusion The dual-factor model of mental health is applicable to Chinese veteran population, and psychological quality plays a mediating role between war and mental health.

AIM:To systematically evaluate the changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis by using optical coherence tomography(OCT)through Meta-analysis.METHODS: Literatures on the measurement of retinal and choroidal structure in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis by using OCT from CNKI, VIP, WF, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to January 2024. In addition, quality of the included literatures was assessed by the Newtle-Ottawa scale(NOS), and RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 16.0 were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 17 articles(including 18 studies)were included, and the Meta-analysis results showed that, patients with internal carotid artery stenosis had significantly thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL), ganglion cell complex(GCC), center macular thickness(CMT), and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)than the healthy control group(age matched normal population). The pRNFL and SFCT of the ipsilateral eye in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis become thinner compared with the contralateral eye.CONCLUSION:To a certain extent, the morphological structure of the retina and choroid can be altered by stenosis of the internal carotid artery. OCT can non-invasively detect the microstructural changes of the retina and choroid in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, and can be used for the evaluation of internal carotid artery stenosis.

Manganese is an indispensable trace element in the human body, pivotal in development, reproduction, metabolism, neurological functions, and antioxidative processes. Recently, the important role of manganese in host immunity has been increasingly recognized and valued. Serving as a damage-associated molecular pattern, manganese exhibits robust immune activation capabilities. Manganese ions stimulate cells to generate numerous cytokines, including type Ⅰ interferons, regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses, thus showing great potential in adjuvant and tumor immunotherapy. In this review, the homeostatic regulation of Manganese and its role in the immune response are summarized. Subsequently, it extensively explores diverse applications of manganese and its derivatives in immune adjuvants and tumor immunotherapy, and looks ahead to their future prospects.

AIM: To explore retinal microvascular changes in migraine patients using meta-analysis.METHODS: The National Library of Medicine PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to find relevant studies, and the search period was from the creation of database to June 2023. Two investigators independently screened the literatures, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of included studies using the NOS scale. STATA15.0 was used for Meta-analysis and publication bias evaluation, sensitivity analysis was performed for results with large heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and Egger were used to assess the publication bias of the literature.RESULTS:A total of 12 studies, including 217 patients(252 eyes)with migraine with aura(MA), 283 patients(388 eyes)with migraine without aura(MO), and 374 healthy individuals(479 eyes), were included in this Meta-analysis. Several optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)indicators, including foveal avascular zone(FAZ)macular or optic disc perfusion density were compared and analyzed. The Meta-analysis results showed that compared with healthy controls, patients with MA had a significant increase in FAZ area and perimeter, a significant decrease in perfusion density of the macular deep capillary plexus(mDCP)except for the fovea, and a significant decrease in perfusion density of the radial peripapillary capillaries(RPC)around the optic disc; the FAZ parameters were significantly increased in MO, while the differences in perfusion density of the macular superficial capillary plexus(mSCP), mDCP and RPC were not statistically significant, except for the perfusion density in the parafovea mDCP.CONCLUSIONS: Both MA and MO patients had an enlarged FAZ area, patients with MA had a significant decrease in mDCP perfusion density, and migraine patients had some degree of retinal ischemia.

Objective To explore the feasibility of ultrasonic measurement of the skin to hyoid bone distance, skin to epiglottis distance and skin to anterior commissure of vocal cords distance for predicting difficult laryngoscopy exposure in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients. Methods One hundred and fifty OSAHS patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ level, who underwent elective uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) surgery under general anesthesia,were analyzed. Rountine airway assessment (Mallampati classification) and ultrasound measurement of the skin to hyoid bone distance, skin to epiglottis distance and skin to anterior commissure of vocal cords distance were performed before anesthesia. Intubation under direct laryngoscopy and the classification of laryngoscopy exposure was recorded. Cormack-Lehane classification Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade was defined as difficult laryngoscopy exposure. According to the classification results, patients were divided into two groups: non-difficult laryngoscopy exposure group and difficult laryngoscopy exposure group. We analyzed and compared the Malampati grading and ultrasound measurements between two groups. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and the optimal cut-off point of ultrasonic measurements were calculated. The effects of different methods for predicting difficult laryngoscopy exposure were analyzed. Results The proportion of cases whose Mallampati airway classification grade>Ⅱ in difficult laryngoscopy exposure group was significantly more than that in non-difficult laryngoscopy exposure group (P

It is clear that the smart development of the aircraft cockpit is inevitable，and the study on the development technology of aircraft smart cockpit can provide the reference support for future aircraft smart cockpit design. The differences between intelligent and wisdom are explored in this paper，and the concept and design of the smart cockpit is put forward. Depth perception and immersion of the interaction，the category of cognitive，openness and personalized customization services of the smart cockpit design elements are summarized. Five key technologies which should be urgently solved for the development of aircraft smart cockpit are put forward，including multidimensional depth information perception and fusion technology，advanced information display technology，immersion natural interaction technology，intelligent situation cognitive technology and multi-intelligent independent adaptability technology. The analysis of key technologies can provide a new thinking about the design of the aircraft smart cockpit.

Insulation is considered the weakest link in electrical equipment. The combined effects of special working conditions in coal mines and aging factors such as electrical, thermal, and mechanical stresses make it difficult to determine the aging mechanism and evaluate the condition of EPDM insulation for high-voltage cables used in mines. This paper introduces the basic performance and aging factor types of EPDM insulation for high-voltage mobile flexible cables used in coal mines. Based on the physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties of EPDM under the influence of multiple aging factors, the aging mechanism of EPDM is proposed. This paper summarizes the basic principles and existing problems of online monitoring methods for insulation resistance, partial discharge, dielectric loss factor, and temperature of mining high-voltage cables. The paper summarizes the current research status of insulation status evaluation methods for mining high-voltage cables. The paper introduces the evaluation methods for insulation status of multi parameter based on improved radar map and single parameter based on dielectric loss mining high-voltage cables. To cope with the development of coal mine intelligence, on the one hand, it is suggested to do research on intelligent perception and control of mining electrical equipment to compensate for the lack of state perception and state evaluation feature quantities. On the other hand, it is necessary to study lightweight models or algorithms to reduce the computational complexity, parameter quantity, and analysis time of intelligent terminals near devices. It improves the feasibility of state evaluation technology, and lays the foundation for achieving intelligent analysis and decision-making.

This paper summarized the practice of integrated medical and nursing ward rounds for an elderly patient with chronic renal failure guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory. Doctors and nurses in charge reported etiology, pathogenesis, nursing issues, goals, measures and outcomes evaluation, and discussed the key issues and existing problems observed during the integrated ward rounds. Integrated ward rounds provides best practice for improving treatment of nursing of patients with chronic renal failure. (本文总结1例以中医理论为指导的老年慢性肾衰竭患者医护一体化护理查房体会。首先组建查房团队, 对患者的病因、病机、护理问题、护理目标、护理措施及护理效果进行汇报、讨论, 以此为慢性肾衰竭患者的治疗和护理提供更完善的方案。)

The survival rate and quality of life of patients with advanced gastric cancer are low. Despite the continuous development and improvement of chemotherapy regimens for advanced gastric cancer, the survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer is still low. At present, not only are comprehensive treatment methods very limited for advanced gastric cancer, but there is also a lack of posterior treatment methods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective treatment plans for advanced gastric cancer. In recent years, with the in-depth research on tumor immunology, immunotherapy has become a focus of attention. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, as an immunosuppressive drug, combined with chemotherapy, can not only maximize the clinical activity of immunosuppressive drug, but also establish a lasting immune response. At present, the combination of PD-1 inhibitors and platinum chemotherapy has shown high clinical application value in clinical research of advanced gastric cancer. This article reviews the research progress of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer, aiming to provide a basis for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the status quo of hospital readiness of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze its main influencing factors. Methods Objective sampling method was used to select 118 pregnant women with GDM in a grade A hospital as the research object. The general information questionnaire, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Study-New Mother Form(RHDS-NMFS), Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale New Mother Form(OB-QDTS) were performed to collected data and the related factors affecting the status quo of readiness for hospital discharge were analyzed. Results The score of RHDS-NMFS of GDM women was (118. 16±18. 36) points, which was at the medium level. There were statistically significant differences in RHDS-NMFS scores of GDM women with education, other pregnancy complications or complications, mode of postpartum confinement, understanding of gestational diabetes, and whether they usually monitored blood glucose by themselves (P＜0. 05). The total score of RHDS-NMFS was positively correlated with the total score of OB-QDTS (P＜0. 05). Education level, understanding of gestational diabetes mellitus, self-monitoring of blood glucose and quality of discharge guidance were the main influencing factors of discharge preparation for GDM parturients (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Medical staff can start from the main factors affecting the discharge readiness of GDM parturients, strengthen the explanation of disease knowledge, encourage parturients to self-measure blood sugar, improve the quality of discharge guidance, and thus improve their discharge readiness. (目的 调查妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇出院准备度的现状, 分析其主要影响因素。方法 采用目的抽样法选取某三甲医院的118例GDM产妇作为调查对象, 选取一般资料调查表、产妇出院准备度量表(RHDS-NMFS)、产妇出院指导质量量表(OB-QDTS)进行相关调查, 分析影响出院准备度水平的相关因素。结果 GDM产妇RHDS-NMFS量表得分为(118. 16±18. 36)分, 处于中等水平。文化程度、有无其他妊娠合并症或并发症、“坐月子”方式、对GDM的了解程度、平常是否自己监测血糖的GDM产妇出院准备度得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05); RHDS-NMFS量表总分与OB-QDTS量表总分呈正相关(P＜0. 05); 文化程度、对GDM的了解程度、平常是否自己监测血糖和出院指导质量是影响GDM产妇出院准备的主要因素(P＜0. 05)。结论 医护人员可从影响GDM产妇出院准备度的主要因素着手, 加强疾病知识的讲解, 鼓励产妇自测血糖, 提高出院指导质量, 从而提高其出院准备水平。)

In this article, the existence and nonexistence of solutions for the quasilinear elliptic equations involving multiple critical terms under Dirichlet boundary conditions on bounded smooth domains Ω⊂RN(N≥3)\Omega \subset {R}^{N}(N\ge 3) are proved by using the variational method and Pohozaev identity, respectively.

The development of labor education in colleges and universities should be linked with the development of society and follow the footsteps of the changing social digital era. This paper provides a theoretical basis for constructing an evaluation system of labor education by elaborating on the new era of labor education. According to the relevant literature and policy documents, the evaluation index system is initially formulated, and the Delphi method is used to revise and improve the initially selected evaluation index system, finally completing the construction of the evaluation index system of labor education. Combining the hierarchical analysis algorithm and fuzzy evaluation model, labor education in colleges and universities is evaluated. The selected evaluation indexes satisfy the criteria of expert opinion concentration (>3.5) and coefficient of variation (

In the context of aesthetic education infiltration action, the construction of musicology majors in colleges and universities needs to design diverse teaching contents. This paper analyzes the dynamic impact of the construction of musicology professional skill course clusters with the help of the variable impulse response function of the VAR model and explores the promotional relationship between aesthetic education and music professional literacy. Aiming at the problem that the VAR model cannot reflect the time-varying features and nonlinear features, the TVP-VAP model is used to capture the time-varying features, and at the same time, the Bayesian algorithm is used to calculate the parameters in the model to improve the operation efficiency of the model. After the design was completed and put into practical use, the professional knowledge scores of musicology majors in colleges and universities and students’ aesthetic ability scores in January-October 2023 were selected as databases to establish the TVP-VAR model. When implementing aesthetic education, the response value is 0. From the second month onwards, aesthetic education will have a lasting positive effect and level off, and the response value is around 0.003. The value of the impact effect of students’ professionalism on aesthetic education is 0, which indicates a lag, and shows a gradual upward trend in periods 1-4, with a maximum response value of 0.26. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the effects of integrating aesthetic education and music and proposes a new direction for reforming the curriculum of the music major.

[Objective] The influence of biochar additions on water storage and water retention capacity of loessial soil during the rainy season was clarified in order to provide basic theoretical support for the scientific use of biochar and to improve soil on the Loess Plateau and determine the reasonable amount of biochar application. [Method] A multi-layer integrated soil moisture-temperature measurement system (JDTS-01) was used to make fixed point observations of soil moisture in a Loess Plateau field. The measured data were corrected by the field correction method. The dynamic change, recharge, and regression of water in the 0—40 cm soil layer were studied. Bivariate correlation analysis was conducted to determine the influencing factors and the relative importance of soil water recharge and regression under different levels of biochar addition. [Results] ① Low biochar content increased deep soil moisture, while high biochar content increased surface soil moisture. On the whole, biochar additions increased soil moisture content. A biochar content of 2.5% may be the inflection point affecting soil water infiltration and evaporation. ② After the addition of biochar, the water content in 0—20 cm soil layer increased, and the water content in 20—40 cm soil layer decreased. The water addition occurring due to rainfall could largely remain in the soil surface layer, and this effect on surface soil water content was greater when the biochar addition was larger. Water in the 0—20 cm soil layer with biochar dissipated faster, while the water in the soil without biochar penetrated deeper into the soil layer. ③ The addition of biochar can promote soil water recharge and weaken soil water regression, thereby increasing loessial soil water storage after rainfall. [Conclusion] Biochar additions can improve loessial soil water infiltration characteristics, reduce deep infiltration of soil water, and increase soil water storage in the topsoil on the Loess Plateau. These effects of biochar additions were more significant when the addition levels were greater than 4%.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes are a promising therapeutic agent for human disease, but their effects on neural stem cells (NSCs) subject to spinal cord ischaemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) remain unknown. Here, we examine the impact of miR-199a-5p-enriched exosomes derived from BMSCs on NSC proliferation. We establish a rat model of aortic cross-clamping to induce SCIRI in vivo and a primary NSC model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to simulate SCIRI in vitro. CCK8, EdU, and BrdU assays are performed to evaluate the proliferation of NSCs. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is used to determine the number of surviving neurons. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scale and inclined plane test (IPT) are used to evaluate hind limb motor function. DiO-labelled exosomes are efficiently internalized by NSCs and increase ectopic amounts of miR-199a-5p, which promotes the proliferation of NSCs. In contrast, exosomes derived from miR-199a-5p-depleted BMSCs exert fewer beneficial effects. MiR-199a-5p targets and negatively regulates glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and increases nuclear β-catenin and cyclin D1 levels. miR-199a-5p inhibition reduces the total number of EdU-positive NSCs after OGD/R, but the GSK-3β inhibitor CHIR-99021 reverses this effect. In vivo, intrathecal injection of BMSC-derived exosomes increases the proliferation of endogenous spinal cord NSCs after SCIRI. In addition, more proliferating NSCs are found in rats intrathecally injected with exosomes overexpressing miR-199a-5p. In summary, miR-199a-5p in BMSC-derived exosomes promotes NSC proliferation via GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling.

Green development and carbon neutrality in 2060 have become China's national development strategy. Land reclamation and ecological restoration in mining areas are the only way to green development of coal industry. It is found that in addition to restoring green and ecological functions, it also has a dual role in increasing carbon sinks, which not only prevents and suppresses carbon emissions due to land damage, but also increases carbon sinks due to vegetation and ecological restoration by analyzing the properties of land reclamation and ecological restoration in mining areas. Therefore, mining area ecological restoration is a green technology for increasing carbon sinks, which is in line with the national development strategy and will usher in new development opportunities. The incentive of the carbon neutral policy to the ecological restoration of the mining area is mainly embodied in seven aspects: guiding the scientific restoration, setting the leading standards, carrying out scientific and technological research, implementing the main responsibilities of enterprises, setting the project demonstration, strengthening financial support and establishing the market mechanism. Five major technical challenges will be faced by the ecological restoration of mining areas under the guidance of carbon neutrality: ① Carry out the research on the effect of reducing carbon and increasing sink of ecological restoration in mining areas from the four aspects of monitoring objectives, measurement parameters, parameter acquisition and calculation methods, and simultaneously carry out the assessment of reducing carbon and increasing sink of ecological restoration in mining areas; ② Leading role of the ecological restoration planning in the mining area in the increase of carbon sinks is played through the planning incorporating the concept of carbon neutrality, the planning measures and schemes for the increase of carbon sinks, and the optimization of restoration schemes based on carbon sink; ③ In addition to considering the function of water and soil conservation traditionally, increases the design and comparative analysis of increasing the carbon sink function in landform remodeling design; ④ Scientifically analyze and evaluate the sink increasing effect of different soil reconstructions, popularize sink increasing soil reconstruction technology, and simultaneously research the sink increasing reconstruction materials and soil profile; ⑤ Research and develop plant community selection and vegetation restoration technologies considering both ecological benefits and sink enhancement effects.

Objective To investigated the expression of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and its correlation with prognosis of patients so as to search for potential intervention targets. Methods Bioinformatics were used to mine KIRC transcriptome data in the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database, and the MRGs abnormally expressed were obtained, among which the ones closely associated with overall survival of KIRC patients were screened by LASSO and Cox regression. Furthermore, Cox regression analysis was adopted to construct a risk-score model to predict the prognosis of KIRC patients, and its predictive ability was evaluated. Finally, the expression characteristics of prognostic related MRGs were verified using RT-qPCR in KIRC cell line A498 and renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2, respectively. Results A total of 875 differentially expressed MRGs were found between KIRC and adjacent tissues. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that 38 MRGs significantly affected the prognosis of patients, and 7 of them (CNGB1, CACNA1I, KCNT1, KCNH1, PLA2G4D, CHST6, and ATP2A1) were further selected as prognostic risk factors by LASSO and multivariate Cox regression. Subsequently, a risk-score model was constructed based on the above 7 factors. The score obtained from the model could be used as an independent risk factor to predict the prognosis of KIRC patients (risk ratio: 4.671, P < 0.001), while age, gender, and tumor grade were not correlated with the prognosis of patients (P>0.05). Conclusion There are several MRGs with abnormal expression in KIRC, and the prognostic risk model based on 7 genes screened from the MRGs can effectively predict the prognosis of KIRC patients, providing a new basis for future diagnosis and treatment of KIRC.

Objective To investigate the role of Notch1 signaling pathway in Th1/Th2 imbalance induced by neonatal Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia (S.pp) infection. Methods Twelve Balb/c neonatal mice (1 week old) were randomly divided into neonatal S.pp group, neonatal S.pp with Notch1 inhibition treatment group (S.pp+DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor) and mock-infected control group (control group) (n=4). The S.pp group and the S.pp+DAPT group were infected with 1×107 CFU of S. pneumoniae in 10 μL of PBS intranasally, while the control group received equivalent PBS. In 7 d after infection, the S.pp+DAPT groups were given 0.3 mg/kg DAPT by nasal instillation, and the S.pp and the control groups were instilled equivalent PBS. In 5 weeks after infection, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was evaluated by invasive body plethysmography system. Differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the lung tissue. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Notch1 protein, and RT-PCR to measure the mRNA levels of T-bet and GATA3. And the percentages of Th1 and Th2 cells in the lung tissue were determined by flow cytometry and Th1/Th2 ratio was calculated. Results Notch1 expression was significantly lower in the S.pp+ DAPT group than the S.pp group (0.23±0.09 vs 1.94±0.78, P < 0.01). The total cell count and counts of neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes in the BALF from the S.pp+DAPT group were remarkably lower than those in the S.pp group (P < 0.01). The S.pp+DAPT mice had obviously lower histologic scores of pulmonary peribronchiolitis, pulmonary perivasculitis and pulmonary alveolitis in lung tissue than the S.pp group (0.55±0.17 vs 1.52±0.27, P < 0.01; 0.05±0.10 vs 0.88±0.25, P < 0.01; 0.18±0.35 vs 1.57±0.25, P < 0.01). The mRNA level of GATA3 and percentage of Th2 cells were significantly lower in the S.pp+DAPT group than the S.pp group [19.11±9.79 vs 177.56±65.95, P < 0.01; (0.16±0.02)% vs (0.28±0.04)%, P < 0.01]. While the mRNA level of T-bet and percentage of Th1 cells were similar between the 2 groups. The S.pp+DAPT group had significantly higher Th1/Th2 when compared with the S.pp group (14.67±2.60 vs 7.89±0.82, P < 0.01). The AHR in the S.pp+DAPT group mice was significantly decreased when inhaled different concentrations of acetylcholine (3.125~50 mg/mL) as compared with the S.pp group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Neonatal S.pp may induce Th1/Th2 imbalance by activating Notch1 signal, and thus promote airway hyperreactivity and airway inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the morphology of the upper airway of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) combined with polysomnography (PSG) and provide references for clinical practice. Methods CBCT data of 45 OSAHS children and 45 normal children and PSG data of the OSAHS group were retrospectively collected. Three-dimensional reconstructions were performed using NNT 9.0 software. The total upper airway volume, nasopharyngeal volume, palatopharyngeal volume, glossopharyngeal volume, laryngopharyngeal volume, minimum cross-sectional area, anterior-posterior diameter of the minimum cross-section, and lateral diameter of the minimum cross-section were measured and recorded. According to PSG monitoring results, patients with an obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) and lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) were assessed. Body mass index (BMI) was recorded. The correlation between airway volume parameters, BMI and PSG test results was analyzed. Results The total upper airway volume, nasopharyngeal volume, palatopharyngeal volume, glossopharyngeal volume, laryngopharyngeal volume, minimum cross-sectional area, anterior-posterior diameter of the minimum cross-section, and lateral diameter of the minimum cross-section of the OSAHS group were significantly reduced compared with those of the control group (P0.05). No significant correlation was noted between BMI and PSG in the OSAHS group (P>0.05). Conclusion The morphology of the upper airway of children with OSAHS was significantly smaller than that of normal children. CBCT three-dimensional technology for analyzing the upper airway has a certain value in evaluating the morphology and degree of obstruction of the upper airway in children with OSAHS.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of depressive symptoms and related factors in Chinese veterans. Methods A total of 2 400 veterans were selected by stratified sampling and convenient sampling from 12 cities in Chinese 3 economic belts. Self-designed general questionnaire and Patients' Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to investigate their depressive symptoms. Nonparametric test, Pearson Chi-square test and Binary logistic regression analysis were employed to conduct statistical analysis. Results ① The incidence of depression was 39.0% in the subjected Chinese veterans, with mild depression accounting for 22.1%, moderate depression for 8.5%, and severe depression for 8.3%. ②The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in female, living in urban, younger than 25 years and with illness than the male, living in rural areas and healthy participants (P < 0.01). Those with educational level less than junior middle school and the divorced had statistically higher incidence and score of depressive symptoms than those with college or above educational level, and the unmarried and married (P < 0.05). The incidence of depression was higher in those with household per capita disposable annual income ≤7 400 Yuan than those of >7 400~16 000 Yuan (P < 0.01), and the score of workers was higher than leaders in enterprises and public institutions (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the composition ratio of depressive symptoms at different levels in all demographic information except per capita GDP. ③The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in servicing in special military environment and having seriously disease during service than those not servicing in special military environment and not having disease during serving. The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in serving for 30 years or longer, rocket army, war experience, collective unified released from servicing, and demobilization than those in servicing less than 8 years, army, not being in war, full retirement and retirement (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the composition ratio of depression symptoms at different levels in all military occupation except getting awards and promoting service rank levels (P < 0.05). ④ Living in areas with high per capita GDP, female, 25~30 years old, being divorced, having seriously disease, rocket army, servicing in special military environment, having severe diseases during service and demobilization were risk factors for the incidence of depression (P < 0.05); College and above educational level, household per capita disposable income of >7 400~14 000 Yuan and >25 000~39 000 Yuan were protective factors (P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of depression in Chinese veterans is affected by demographic factors (sex, age and marital status) and military serving experience (years of service and military occupation). Special attention should be paid to those with demobilization and collective ex-servicemen.

Objective To develop a Self-Image Scale for Military Personnel, and to explore the relationship of self-image and mental health status. Methods Questionnaires and network crawling were used to collect adjectives describing soldiers. After word frequency cleaning, word meaning cleaning and synonym combination, an initial scale was formed. Then 2 756 soldiers were stratified from the units of army, navy, air force and rocket force and then surveyed with the initial scale. SPSS26.0 was used for item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. AMOS21.0 was used for confirmatory factor analysis. Results Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale had 2 dimensions, military ability and military moral character. There were 12 questions in total, with a total variance explanation rate of 77.227%. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that RMSEA and NNFI were 0.075 and 0.968, respectively. The Cronbach'α coefficients of the total scale and each dimension were 0.951, 0.942 and 0.936, and the retest reliability was 0.807, 0.791 and 0.794, respectively. There was a negative correlation between self-image and mental health status (r=-0.243, P < 0.01). Conclusion Our prepared Self-Image Scale for Military Personnel has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a psychological measurement tool. Self-image level of soldiersis an important factor in the maintenance and promotion of mental health.

Objective To explore the characteristics of false memory of life events with different emotional valence in individuals with depressed mood. Methods Self-rating depression scale (SDS) was used to recruit 30 subjects (depression group, n=30) from Army Medical University with depression and 30 normal controls (control group, n=30). Nine self-designed life events vignettes with different emotional valence (positive, neutral and negative) were adopted as experimental materials. In order to measure the veridical and false memory of the original events, the subjects were presented with the original event information and misinformation successively using the misinformation paradigm, and then recognition test was conducted. The endorsement rates for the correct and misleading options were recorded during the recognition test and subsequently analyzed. Descriptive statistics, repeated ANOVA and post-hoc tests were performed on the experimental data. Results ① For both groups, the endorsement rates for misinformation options were significantly higher than those for foil options (P < 0.05). ② The overall endorsement rates for misinformation options were remarkably elevated in the depression group (P < 0.05). ③ Compared with the depression group, the control group had greatly increased endorsement rates for correct options (P < 0.05). ④For negative life events, the depression group showed elevated endorsement rates for misinformation options than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Misinformation paradigm can reliably create false memories, and individuals under depressed mood present obviously more mood-congruent false memories of negative life events.

The rapid development of distributed photovoltaic power generation exercises an important influence on the current power dispatching operation and power market transactions. In the context of power market reform， this paper analyzes the organizational process for the participation of distributed photovoltaic power generation in power balance and the status quo of its participation in market trade； it summarizes the problems therein. Then based on the demands for market construction in China， the paper explores the process design of distributed photovoltaic power generation for the participation in power balance and related market-oriented mechanisms. Finally， the paper prospects for the key technologies that are urgently needed in the future to improve the monitoring， dispatching and control level of the power system for distributed photovoltaic power generation and establish a organization process and market-oriented mechanism of dispatching and production suitable for the development of distributed photovoltaic power generation.

Since June 2020, the re-emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemics in parts of China was linked to the cold chain, which attracted extensive attention and heated discussions from the public. According to the typical characteristics of these epidemics, we speculated a possible route of transmission from cold chain to human. A series of factors in the supply chain contributed to the epidemics if the cold chain were contaminated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), such as temperature, humidity, personal hygiene/protection, and disinfection. The workers who worked in the cold chain at the receiving end faced a higher risk of being infected when they were not well protected. Facing the difficult situation, China put forward targeted and powerful countermeasures to block the cold chain-related risk. However, in the context of the unstable pandemic situation globally, the risk of the cold chain needs to be recognized and evaluated seriously. Hence, in this review, we reviewed the cold chain-related epidemics in China, analyzed the possible mechanisms, introduced the Chinese experience, and suggested coping strategies for the global epidemic prevention and control.

This article reviewed the effect and nursing measures of drug cupping therapy for a cervical spondylosis patient who suffered from the neck and shoulder pain. Nursing assessment, drug cupping therapy, component analysis of drug, application methods and cautions of cupping thearpy, routine nursing intervention such as dietary guidance and rehabilitation exercise were summarized. Under the guidance of the Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing by syndrome differentiation, the drug cupping therapy was adopted to relieve the neck and shoulder pain after treatment and improve the patient’s shoulder joint flexibility. (本文总结1例项痹病颈肩疼痛及肩颈活动受限患者行储药罐技术干预的护理经验, 包括护理评估、储药罐技术的操作方法和药方组成、注意事项以及饮食、康复锻炼等常规护理内容。基于中医辨证施护理论, 采取储药罐疗法并辅以相关护理措施, 能够明显减轻患者疼痛, 提高肩关节活动度。)

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common worldwide and se riously threatens maternal and infant health. The expression of non-cod ing (ncRNA) is tissue-specific and highly stable in eukaryotic cells and the circulato ry system, which can act as an early molecular marker of GDM. Methods: The differential expression of lncRNA and mRNA in the periphera l blood of patients with GDM (experimental group) and healthy pregnant wom en (control group) was analysed via lncRNA gene chip. Employing biological functio n clustering and KEGG signalling pathway analysis, we selected the mRNAs and lncRNAs closely related to the insulin signalling pathway of GDM to analyse the possible regul atory mechanism in the pathogenesis of GDM. The sequencing results were further verifie d via quantitative PCR (Q-PCR). Results: LncRNA microarray analysis revealed 7498 genes (3592 upregulat ed, 3906 downregulated) differentially expressed in the GDM group an d healthy pregnant women control group, including 1098 differentially expressed lnc RNAs (609 upregulated, 489 downregulated). According to the regulatory pathway of the lncRNA mRNA network, 6 lncRNAs and 4 mRNAs were found to play a significant role in i nsulin resistance. Conclusions: The lncRNAs ERMP1, TSPAN32 and MRPL38 form a co-expression net work with TPH1, which is mainly involved in the tryptophan metabolis m pathway and in the development of GDM. Moreover, lncRNA RPL13P5 forms a co-express ion network with the TSC2 gene via the PI3K-AKT and insulin signalling pathways, which are involved in the process of insulin resistance in GDM.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hot ironing compress therapy is a common external intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques. It has been widely used in clinical settings as its advantages, such as less pain, better effective, easier to practice and so on. This paper summarized the source, components and clinical application on TCM hot ironing compress in the literature. (中药热熨敷属药熨法, 是现代中医护理技术中比较常用的一种中医外治法, 因其痛苦小、疗效佳、操作简便, 临床应用较广。本文结合文献对中药热熨敷源流及概述、作用原理、药物组成及临床应用情况作一综述。)

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in China. Amplification of the Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) gene is present and overexpressed in 18–20% of breast cancers and historically has been associated with inferior disease-related outcomes. There has been increasing interest in de-escalation of therapy for low-risk disease. This study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of Doxorubicin/ Cyclophosphamide/ Paclitaxel/ Trastuzumab (AC-TH) and Docetaxel/Carboplatin/Trastuzumab(TCH) from payer perspective over a 5 year time horizon. Methods A half-cycle corrected Markov model was built to simulate the process of breast cancer events and death occurred in both AC-TH and TCH armed patients. Cost data came from studies based on a Chinese hospital. One-way sensitivity analyses as well as second-order Monte Carlo and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.The transition probabilities and utilities were extracted from published literature, and deterministic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results We identified 41 breast cancer patients at Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, among whom 15 (60%) had a partial response for AC-TH treatment and 13 (81.25%) had a partial response for TCH treatment.No cardiac toxicity was observed. Hematologic grade 3 or 4 toxicities were observed in 1 of 28 patients.Nonhematologic grade 3 or 4 toxicities with a reverse pattern were observed in 6 of 29 patients. The mean QALY gain per patient compared with TCH was 0.25 with AC-TH, while the incremental costs were $US13,142. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of AC-TH versus TCH was $US 52,565 per QALY gained. Conclusions This study concluded that TCH neoadjuvant chemotherapy was feasible and active in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer patients in terms of the pathological complete response, complete response, and partial response rates and manageable toxicities.

Variation in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration can dictate plant growth and development and shape plant evolution. For paired populations of 31 Arabidopsis accessions, respectively, grown under 100 or 380 ppm CO2, we compared phenotypic traits related to vegetative growth and flowering time. Four accessions showed the least variation in measured growth traits between 100 ppm CO2 and 380 ppm CO2 conditions, though all accessions exhibited a dwarf stature with reduced biomass under low CO2. Our comparison of accessions also incorporated the altitude (indicated in meters) above sea level at which they were originally collected. Notably, An-1 (50 m), Est (50 m), Ws-0 (150 m), and Ler-0 (600 m) showed the least differences (lower decrease or increase) between treatments in flowering time, rosette leaf number, specific leaf weight, stomatal density, and less negative δ13C values. When variations for all traits and seedset were considered together, Ws-0 exhibited the least change between treatments. Our results showed that physiological and phenotypic responses to low CO2 varied among these accessions and did not correlate linearly with altitude, thus suggesting that slower growth or smaller stature under ambient CO2 may potentially belie a fitness advantage for sustainable growth under low CO2 availability.

Through the understanding of the current Chinese postgraduate electronic design competition and the general situation of “Promoting Learning by Competition", the main problems and causes of “Promoting Learning by Competition" in researching electronic competitions are found. The teaching mode of vertical subdivision in the background, and the main point of action of this mode.

Objective To explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the prognosis and curative effect of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients. Methods We collected the clinical information of locally advanced NPC patients from a randomized prospective clinical trial in Guizhou cancer hospital from July 2015 to December 2016. The patients were treated with two cycles of TPF induction chemotherapy and cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The relationship between NLR, PLR before treatment and the therapeutic effect of patients was analyzed. We compared the curative effect between chrono-chemotherapy group and routine group. Results The mean values of NLR and PLR in stage Ⅳa/b patients were higher than those in stage Ⅲ patients (P=0.010); the immediate effect of metastatic lymph nodes in low PLR group was better than that in high PLR group (P=0.029), and the curative effect of primary lesion and overall curative effect three months after radiotherapy were better in low PLR group (P=0.012, P=0.027); there was no significant difference in immediate effect or overall curative effect three months after radiotherapy between conventional group and chronological group (P > 0.05). Conclusion NLR and PLR are related to the clinical staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The later tumor stage is, the higher NLR and PLR values are. The predictive value of NLR for the patients' short-term efficacy is not well. PLR may be a predictor for recent outcomes of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and high PLR may predict poor short-term efficacy.