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This paper attempts to explore the feasibility of using cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) for reflective displays in active matrix (AM) driving. The study focuses on reverse mode polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) to overcome the inherent bistability of CLCs and achieve faster response times for switching between bright and dark states. Key parameters such as cell gap, monomer concentration, polymerization temperature, and different monomer types and liquid crystal hosts are systematically investigated to optimize the electro-optical properties of the liquid crystals for active matrix driving. The research demonstrates that PSCLCs can operate within a 15 V driving voltage range while maintaining a good bright-dark state contrast ratio (>10) and a response time of less than 42 ms. This suggests significant potential for their application in dynamic reflective display technologies.

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is a prevalent global malignancy which depends more on lipid metabolism for tumor progression compared to other cancer types. Although Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) is documented to regulate lipid metabolism in multiple cancers, landscape analysis of its implications in PRAD are still missing at present. Here, we conducted an analysis of diverse cancer datasets revealing elevated SCD expression in the PRAD cohort at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, the elevated expression was associated with SCD promoter hypermethylation and genetic alterations, notably the L134V mutation. Integration of comprehensive tumor immunological and genomic data revealed a robust positive correlation between SCD expression levels and the abundance of CD8+ T cells and macrophages. Further analyses identified significant associations between SCD expression and various immune markers in tumor microenvironment. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling unveiled differential SCD expression patterns across distinct cell types within the prostate tumor microenvironment. The Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analyses showed that SCD enriched pathways were primarily related to lipid biosynthesis, cholesterol biosynthesis, endoplasmic reticulum membrane functions, and various metabolic pathways. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis highlighted the involvement of elevated SCD expression in crucial cellular processes, including the cell cycle and biosynthesis of cofactors pathways. In functional studies, SCD overexpression promoted the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of prostate cancer cells, whereas downregulation inhibits these processes. This study provides comprehensive insights into the multifaceted roles of SCD in PRAD pathogenesis, underscoring its potential as both a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.

Industrial waste, including wastewater and solid waste, often contains toxic heavy metals that necessitate extraction and separation prior to safe disposal or reusing them. Sewage sludge incineration ash (SSIA), a non-incinerable waste, holds significant amounts of heavy metals such as iron, zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead. Recovery and reuse of heavy metals from SSIA and further application of treated SSIA sludge remain challenging. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is widely used for heavy metals chelation in different applications. While its chelation with heavy metals is rapid and easy to achieve, the de-chelation of the metal complexes is otherwise slow (∼3 days) and challenging due to their high stability constants. In this study, we investigate the recovery of heavy metals from SSIA through chelation using EDTA, and develop, for the first time, a method to rapidly de-chelate the EDTA-metal complexes through the facile chilling process (1 – 3 h) that accelerates the separation of EDTA and metal ions. A sequential precipitation of high-purity heavy metals from the EDTA-metal complexes was demonstrated with and without de-chelation. This novel and versatile method allows the separation of many valuable compounds from the treated SSIA, including regenerated EDTA, potassium hexafluorosilicate, iron phosphate, iron(III) hydroxide, iron silicate, titanium phosphate, calcium phosphate, copper(I) thiocyanate, nickel bis(dimethylglyoximate), lead(II) sulfate, and zinc sulfide. This approach opens doors for more sustainable waste management and the recovery of valuable resources from industrial waste.

This study explores the bioactive secondary metabolite profiles of the peels of three major cultivars of bananas (Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana). These cultivars are primarily grown in Southeast Asia and are widely consumed due to their rich nutritional and fiber content. The research utilizes advanced analytical techniques, specifically HPLC-DAD-q-TOF-MS/MS, in conjunction with both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, to analyze the ethanolic extracts of the banana peels. This study identifies phenolic acids, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins as significant contributors to the differentiation of the cultivars. The secondary metabolites rutin, chlorogenic acid, and gentisic acid are pinpointed as the key discriminants. Moreover, the research demonstrates a synergistic contribution of certain phytochemicals to the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the banana peel extracts. The fingerprint profiling tools introduced in this study offer a reliable method for identifying metabolite biomarkers for the discrimination of banana cultivars.

Objective: To construct an artificial intelligence prediction model to predict the selectivity of fluorescent probes for Hg2+ in a complex food testing environment in the presence of Cu2+ interference. Methods: Fluorescent probe technology combined with seven advanced classical machine learning models was used to predict and analyze the selectivity of the probe for Hg2+ in the presence of Cu2+ interference, and to compare the prediction effect of each model and select the optimal model. Results: Efficient models with accuracies of 0.786 and 0.810 in the cross-validation and test sets were successfully established based on Molecular 2D Descriptors （Mol2D） and extreme gradient boosting algorithms to accurately predict the probe selectivity of Hg2+ under Cu2+ interference. Conclusion: The model is improved for the design of Hg2+ fluorescent molecular probes by selective prediction, which makes the design of Hg2+ fluorescent probes more efficient and reliable.

Objective: This study aimed to develop new, efficient, safe and precise tyrosinase inhibitors. Methods: The orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction conditions of kojic acid. The inhibitory effect of kojic acid on tyrosinase was studied by enzyme kinetics, and the mechanism of its interaction with tyrosinase from different sources was analyzed by molecular docking technology. Results: The optimum process conditions for extracting kojic acid were as follows: activated carbon content of 5%, decolorization temperature of 75 ℃, pH 2.0, decolorization time of 50 min, and the purity of kojic acid was 97.85%. the IC50 of kojic acid on tyrosinase monophenolase and tyrosinase bisphenolase were 13.33 and 53.32 μg/mL, respectively. The XP docking scores of kojic acid with mushroom, mouse, gorilla, and human tyrosinase were -7.515, -5.011, -5.537, and -3.638, respectively. The results of MM-GBSA were 94.47, -110.80, -1.17 and 6.45 kJ/mol, respectively. Conclusion: Under the control of the optimal process conditions, the purity of kojic acid can be significantly improved. Kojic acid has a competitive inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. Tyrosinase from different sources combines with kojic acid to form different types of non-covalent bonds, the binding stability of the inhibitor and different tyrosines is different.

This article summarized the family participatory nursing care in an elderly patient with congenital anomalies of urinary tract undergoing indwelling catheter placement. According to the nursing plan, targeted interventions were carried out. The designed health education program was provided to improve the knowledge and practice skills of primary caregivers, in order to prevent the catheter-associated complications. (本文总结1例老年尿道畸形留置尿管患者的家庭参与式护理体会。通过制定护理目标、护理计划、实施方案且对照护者进行有计划的培训和指导干预, 有效提高了照护者的理论知识、操作技能及执行力, 对预防留置尿管相关并发症起到积极作用。)

Abstract Background In children with CKD, Protein Energy Wasting (PEW) is common, which affects the outcome of children and is an important cause of poor prognosis. We are aiming to explore the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in CKD-PEW children. Methods Blood samples of 32 children diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and protein energy wasting (PEW) in our hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were collected. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. Results Based on GO (Gene Ontology) functional enrichment analysis, KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis and differential gene expression analysis, a total of 25 CKD-PEW related genes were obtained including CRP, IL6, TNF, IL1B, CXCL8, IL12B, IL12A, IL18, IL1A, IL4, IL10, TGFB2, TGFB1, TGFB3, ADIPOQ, NAMPT, RETN, RETNLB, LEP, CD163, ICAM1, VCAM1, SELE, NF-κB1, NF-κB2. The most significantly differentially expressed gene was NF-κB2 (adjusted P = 2.81 × 10–16), and its expression was up-regulated by 3.92 times (corresponding log2FoldChange value was 1.979). Followed by RETN (adjusted P = 1.63 × 10–7), and its expression was up-regulated by 8.306 times (corresponding log2FoldChange value was 2.882). SELE gene were secondly significant (adjusted P = 5.81 × 10–7), and its expression was down-regulated by 22.05 times (corresponding log2FoldChange value was -4.696). Conclusions A variety of inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-PEW in children, and chronic inflammation may lead to the development of muscle atrophy in CKD-PEW. It is suggested for the first time that NF-κB is a key gene in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in CKD-PEW children, and its increased expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in children with CKD-PEW.

This article summarized the nursing of a patient with incomplete bowel obstruction treated by intradermal acupuncture combined with auricular acupoint pressing therapy. The patient received a comprehensive evaluation and risk assessment after hospital admission. In addition to routine nursing interventions such as pain control, prevention of complications and psychological care, intradermal acupuncture combined with auricular acupoint pressing guided by the holistic view of Traditional Chinese Medicine was carried out to improve the recovery of bowel movement and relieve the bowel obstruction and related discomfort. (本文总结采用皮内针联合耳穴压豆改善1例不完全性肠梗阻患者症状的护理经验。患者入院后积极完善检查和评估, 结合辨证分型, 在疼痛干预、预防并发症、心理护理等常规护理基础上, 基于中医整体观, 采用皮内针联合耳穴压豆干预, 疏通脏腑、促进肠蠕动、顺气导滞, 帮助患者快速安全地解除梗阻状态, 改善不适症状。)

Objective: In order to solve the problem of manual weighting of dragon fruit, including time-consuming, laborious and expensive, an automated weight estimation method based on machine vision and machine learning was proposed in this research. Methods: Firstly, 106 dragon fruits were weighed, recorded and photographed, and images of dragon fruits were constructed. Secondly, binary images were obtained after denoising and segmentation. Moreover, the three features of pixel area, major axis pixel length and minor axis pixel length of dragon fruits were extracted on the basis of binary images. The three features of each image and their corresponding weights were combined into a set of data, which was divided into training set and test set according to the ratio of 7∶3. Finally, the training set was input into the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, K-Neighbors and Artificial Neural Networks machine-learning models for training, and the test sets were used for model evaluation. Results: The evaluation index of the Artificial Neural network performed well compared with other models, with R2 of 0.986 and RMSE of 13.091. Conclusion: The experimental result demonstrates that the method proposed in this research can accomplish the weight estimation of dragon fruit effectively, and meet the weight estimation requirements of dragon fruit.

This paper summarized the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) characteristic treatment and nursing management of intertrigo in a bedridden elderly patient. Based on the concept of holism in TCM, the combined treatment including TCM collapse stains, articular acupoint pressing, intradermal needling, as well as TCM nursing by syndrome differentiation, were carried out to relieve the clinical symptoms of intertrigo and improve the Zhang-Fu visceral organs and meridians function of the patient. (本文总结1例老年卧床患者间擦疹的中医特色联合治疗和护理经验。通过中医整体观念, 采用中药溻渍冷敷于患处, 联合刺激耳穴反应点, 通过经络传导, 给予皮内针温和、高频的持久刺激, 扶正培元, 疏风化湿, 调整经络肺腑功能, 改善间擦疹症状。)

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential applications in coating, reinforcement, and packaging technologies. The present study focuses on the development of an efficient, low-cost, and scalable drying process for CNCs, adapted from the electrospray technique. CNCs were dispersed in various concentrations of tert‑butanol (t-BuOH) prior to electrospray drying. The resulting morphologies and micro-rheological behaviors were compared to those obtained through conventional air drying, oven drying, freeze-drying, and air-spray drying methods. The electrospray-dried CNCs derived from an 85% t-BuOH suspension exhibited superior physico-chemical properties and thermal stability, characterized by highly ordered crystals that self-assembled into thin lamellar structures. Furthermore, the relatively low re-suspension ability of these dried CNCs is advantageous for coating and thin film fabrication, providing high controllability over the morphology. Notably, this rapid drying process (≤ 35 min) can be extended to other nanomaterials, provided that their suspensions can be electrically charged to spread and dry uniformly on substrates.

AbstractIntroduction The tissue stiffness of donor kidneys in transplantation may increase due to pathological changes such as glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis, and those changes associate worse outcomes in kidney transplantation recipients. Ultrasound elastography is a noninvasive imaging examination with the ability to quantitatively reflect tissue stiffness. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of ultrasound elastography for adverse kidney outcome in kidney transplantation recipients.Methods Shear wave elastography (SWE) examinations were performed by two independent operators in kidney transplantation recipients. The primary outcome was a composite of kidney graft deterioration, all-cause re-hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Survival analysis was calculated by Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis.Results A total of 161 patients (mean age 46 years, 63.4% men) were followed for a median of 20.1 months. 27 patients (16.77%) reached the primary endpoint. The mean and median tissue stiffness at the medulla (hazard ratio: 1.265 and 1.229, respectively), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and serum albumin level were associated with the primary outcome in univariate Cox regression. Adding mean or median medulla SWE to a baseline model containing eGFR and albumin significantly improved its discrimination (C-statistics: 0.736 for the baseline, 0.766 and 0.772 for the model added mean and median medulla SWE, respectively).Conclusion The medullary tissue stiffness of kidney allograft measured by shear wave elastography may provide incremental prognostic value to adverse outcomes in kidney transplantation recipients. Including SWE parameters in kidney transplantation recipients management could be considered to improve risk stratification.

Organic pollutants, distinguished by their persistence and bioaccumulation in the environment, pose significant ecological and health threats that surpass those of traditional pollutants. Crucial to understanding their environmental behavior, health risks, and mitigation strategies, is the screening and identification of these pollutants. This process indispensably employs functional materials, among which molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) prove to be particularly advantageous because of their specific recognition capabilities and extensive application range. This review presents cutting-edge techniques and strategies for the fabrication of MIPs, including surface imprinting techniques and dummy molecular strategies. It encapsulates the last five years’ advancements in MIP research within the domains of sample pretreatment, as well as optical and electrochemical sensing analysis. The objective of this discourse is to potentially foster the evolution of MIP technology and establish the groundwork for its transition from lab-scale to commercial production.

BackgroundNeedlestick and sharp injuries (NSI) carry the risk of transmitting numerous bloodborne pathogens, leading to both health and economic burdens. The underreporting of NSIs among healthcare workers (HCWs) is a global issue of concern, as timely treatment and prevention of complications rely on proper reporting. Underreporting further impedes accurate surveillance and appropriate resource allocation, with developed and developing nations facing disparities due to differences in healthcare policy.PurposeThe purpose of this research is to examine the epidemiology of NSIs and NSI underreporting, as well as to identify the determinants associated with the occurrence of NSIs and the underreporting of such injuries.MethodA retrospective online survey was conducted from January 15 to January 31, 2022 among healthcare workers (HCWs) across Gansu Province, China.ResultsA total of 7,283 healthcare workers (HCWs) from various institutions participated in this study. After quality assurance checks, 6,464 (88.77%) responses were included in the final analysis. Results revealed a 32.86% self-reported needlestick and sharp injury (NSI) incidence among respondents, with 28.53% of NSIs going unreported. Contrary to common belief, more experienced HCWs exhibited higher rates of both NSIs and underreporting compared to their less experienced peers. The primary reasons cited for NSIs and underreporting were lapses in concentration and not perceiving patients as infectious. Multivariate regression analysis exposes the significant influence of training frequency, occupation, department and years of services on the occurrence of NSIs. Conversely, the reporting of NSIs is primarily influenced by training, reimbursement,occupation, department and hospital grade. Compared to HCWs with no training, those who received ≥3 training sessions per year showed a 12.16% lower NSI incidence (27.12% vs. 39.28%, p

Atherosclerosis is a disease that occurs in blood vessels and is also responsible for numerous diseases, including coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction. It can affect the function of many organs of the human body, cause great damage to human health, and the incidence is high in the middle-aged and elderly people. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is very complex, which is the result of inflammation caused by lipid deposition on the blood vessel wall. At present, aspirin is the most commonly used drug in clinic. It has strong anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects. In addition, high density lipoprotein, or HDL, can transport cholesterol in the blood vessels, and it does exert some influence on the treatment of atherosclerosis, but the exact therapeutic pathway is still the subject of ongoing research. This paper illustrates the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and introduces the mechanism and feasibility of two therapeutic modalities, aspirin and HDL, and gives a reasonable future research direction.

Abstract Background Joubert Syndrome (JS) is a rare genetic developmental disorder. We are aiming for increasing awareness of this disease especially kidney involvement in children with JS. Methods Clinical and genetic data of 17 cases of JS in Beijing children’s hospital in the past 21 years were collected retrospectively. Results Twelve males and 5 females, aged from 12d to 15y8m. The most common involvement was neurological system involvement. The second most common involvement was renal involvement: end stage kidney disease in 6 cases (35%), hematuria in 5 cases (29%), proteinuria in 5 cases (29%), renal diffuse lesions in 4 cases (24%), renal cystic lesions in 2 cases (12%), and echogenic enhancement of parenchyma in 2 cases (12%). 10 cases did genetic tests. 3 cases with renal deficiency all had RPGRIP1L gene mutation. Conclusions The most common involvement of JS is neurological involvement, and the second is renal involvement. Pediatricians should improve awareness of JS and conduct systemic evaluation of children. More attention should be paid to renal involvement which may be onset hidden but fatal. Early recognition and diagnosis are the goals to delay the start to dialysis and improve quality of patients’ life. The RPGRIP1L gene mutation maybe the most common gene mutation in JS and may have correlations with renal involvement.

Uterine inversion is a rare disease that is particularly uncommon among non-puerperal women. Herein we reported the only case of uterine inversion known to us that was caused by the endometrial thickening and changes in the polypoid lesion in early puberty. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of massive vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and a protruding mass from the vagina. We obtained the patient history by collecting the results of various examinations (including magnetic resonance imaging and color Doppler ultrasound), accurate diagnosis was performed, and a reasonable treatment protocol was developed. She was subjected to laparoscopic uterine-sparing surgery to preserve her fertility. Uterine inversion is a rare disease, and early diagnosis and selection of appropriate treatment options are essential for patients with fertility requirements.

ObjectivePain empathy’s preferential nature tends to trigger prejudice and intergroup conflicts. Given the current degree of proliferation of doctor–patient conflict news in China, this study aims to determine whether readers of doctor–patient news-initiated moral judgments prefer pain empathy for doctors or patients.Materials and methodsThis study utilized localized doctor–patient news with high or low moral performance (based on morality ratings of patients’ behaviors) as moral-judgment-eliciting materials, and painful pictures as pain empathy-eliciting materials. The event-related potential (ERP) technique was utilized to assess moral judgment’s effect on the cognitive empathy component and to investigate electroencephalogram signals’ accuracy in classifying four brain response patterns when facing doctor or patient is experiencing or not experiencing pain.ResultsUnder low moral text material, participants exhibited smaller mean wave amplitude of positive 300 (P3) and late positive potential (LPP) to painful pictures than non-painful pictures when facing patients; under high moral text material, participants exhibited larger mean wave amplitude of P3 and LPP to painful pictures than non-painful pictures when facing doctors. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals’ classification accuracy was significant in 0–1,000 ms in both high and low moral judgments, but the classification accuracy was higher in low moral judgments in some cognitive empathy stages (0.51, 0.53–0.55, 0.66–0.79, and 0.88–1 s).ConclusionUnder low moral judgment, individuals pay less attention to the patient’s (perpetrator’s) pain; under high moral judgment, individuals empathize with the doctor (the person praised), showing that news-induced moral judgment can sway readers’ empathy for different social groups. In cognitive empathy, individuals’ brain representations are more discriminatory under low than high moral judgments when confronted with pain by doctors and patients, which provides insight into objectively recognizing group bias.

MRI can non⁃invasively show the muscles pathological change and damage pattern. It has taken an important role in myopathies diagnosis and research. The emergence of quantitative MRI (qMRI) technology and the advancement of post⁃processing methods can quantify various characteristics such as muscle composition, mechanical properties, and perfusion, effectively expanding the potential for evaluating muscle pathological changes. This article reviews the application prospects of qMRI technology in hereditary myopathies.

The yield stress of mud is one key to analyze the initiation and deposition of debris flow. Taking Chengdu clay as the experimental material, slurries with different solid volume concentrations were prepared. Using the blade rotor system of mcr301 rheometer and the continuous shear experimental method, the dynamic change process of shear stress of slurries with different solid volume concentrations was obtained with the shear rate increasing and decreasing continuously. According to the experimental results, the static and dynamic yield stress of Chengdu clay slurry is determined, and the influence of solid volume concentration on the yield stress is analyzed. The following conclusions are obtained: Chengdu clay slurry is a non-Newtonian fluid with yield stress. In the process of accelerated shear, for Chengdu clay slurry with solid volume concentration exceeding 35%, the shear rate is in the range of 0.01–1 s−1, and the shear stress increases rapidly to the maximum. When the shear rate exceeds 1 s−1, the shear stress decreases rapidly and finally tends to be stable. The shear rate appears stress overshoot near 1s−1. However, in the process of increasing shear rate, for Chengdu clay slurry with solid volume concentration of no more than 35%, the shear stress increases rapidly in the range of shear rate of 0.01–0.1 s−1, and the shear rate exceeds 0.1 s−1. The shear rate has little effect on the shear stress, and the stress overshoot disappears. In the process of deceleration shear, for all solid volume concentrations in the semi logarithmic coordinate system, the mud shear stress decreases steadily with the decrease of shear rate. The static and dynamic yield stress of slurry increases exponentially with particle concentration.

Abstract Objective To explore the effects of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) on the psychological cravings and anxiety of women compulsorily isolated for detoxification. Method Around 122 women were recruited in a female drug detoxification center. Except for the 12‐week training of ASMR, the experimental conditions of the experimental group (n = 60) were the same as those of the control group (n = 62). The addiction Stroop task was used to assess the level of psychological cravings and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess the level of anxiety. Results After the training, the decrease in state anxiety of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group, and the reaction time of the experimental group in the Stroop was also significantly lower than before the training. Conclusions ASMR could thus reduce to a certain extent the state anxiety and attentional bias for drug‐related clues under signaling psychological cravings among women compulsorily isolated for detoxification. HIGHLIGHTS Intervention effects on psychological cravings and anxiety of women isolated for detoxification Basis for role of ASMR in regulating psychological cravings and anxiety in forced abstainers ASMR intervention reduced forced abstainers’ attentional bias to drug‐related clues

Abstract Background Amotivation is regarded as a core negative symptom in patients with schizophrenia. There are currently no objective methods for assessing and measuring amotivation in the scientific literature, only a trend towards assessing motivation using effort-orientated, decision-making tasks. However, it remains inconclusive as to whether cognitive effort-avoidance in patients with schizophrenia can reflect their amotivation. Therefore, this study aimed to find out whether cognitive effort-avoidance in patients with schizophrenia can reflect their amotivation. Methods In total, 28 patients with schizophrenia and 27 healthy controls were selected as participants. The demand selection task (DST) was adapted according to the feedback-based Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) delayed response paradigm, which was combined with the mean amplitude of contingent negative variation (CNV), considered as the criterion of motivation. Results Our results showed that: (1) patients with schizophrenia showed a lower CNV amplitude for the target stimuli compared to the probe stimuli, whereas the control group showed the opposite trend (P

Abstract Background Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an endemic communicable disease in China, accounting for 90% of total reported cases worldwide. In this study, the authors want to investigate the risk factors for HFRS in recent years to provide the prevention and control advices. Methods A community-based, 1:2 matched case-control study was carried out to investigate the risk factors for HFRS. Cases were defined as laboratory-confirmed cases that tested positive for hantavirus-specific IgM antibodies. Two neighbourhood controls of each case were selected by sex, age and occupation. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect information and identify the risk factors for HFRS. Results Eighty-six matched pairs were investigated in the study. The median age of the cases was 55.0 years, 72.09% were male, and 73.26% were farmers. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, cleaning spare room at home (OR = 3.310, 95%CI 1.335–8.210) was found to be risk factor for infection; storing food and crops properly (OR = 0.279 95%CI 0.097–0.804) provided protection from infection. Conclusion Storing food and crops properly seemed to be protective factor, which was important for HFRS prevention and control. More attention should be paid to promote comprehensive health education and behaviour change among high-risk populations in the HFRS endemic area.

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) alleviate kidney damage through autophagy. This study determined whether MSCs relieve renal fibrosis and inhibit autophagy by exosome transfer of miRNA-122a. The gene expression involved in the mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy was assessed in TGF-β1-treated human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice before and after MSC-derived exosomes and miRNA-122a mimic treatment. Small RNA (sRNA) next-generation sequencing was also performed on TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. MSC-derived exosomes relieve fibrosis caused by TGFβ in HK-2 via regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway and downstream autophagy. Furthermore, we found that MSC-derived exosomes mediate miRNA-122a to relieve renal fibrosis in HK-2 cells in response to TGF-β1 through the regulation of mTOR signaling and autophagy. In the UUO mouse model, miRNA-122a mimic-transfected MSC treatment and its combination with 3-MA both recapitulated the same results as the in vitro experiments, along with reduced expansion of renal tubule, interstitial expansion, and preservation of kidney architecture. The antifibrotic activity of MSC-derived exosomes after renal fibrosis occurs partially by autophagy suppression via excreted exosomes containing mainly miRNA-122a. These findings indicate that the export of miRNA-122a via MSC-derived exosomes represents a novel strategy to alleviate renal fibrosis.

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) for human and autonomous self-driving aims to achieve active safe driving that avoids vehicle accidents or traffic jam by exchanging the road traffic information (e.g., traffic flow, traffic density, velocity variation, etc.) among neighbor vehicles. However, in CACC, the butterfly effect is encountered while exhibiting asynchronous brakes that easily lead to backward shock-waves and are difficult to remove. Several critical issues should be addressed in CACC, including (i) difficulties with adaptive steering of the inter-vehicle distances among neighbor vehicles and the vehicle speed, (ii) the butterfly effect, (iii) unstable vehicle traffic flow, etc. To address the above issues in CACC, this paper proposes the mobile edge computing-based vehicular cloud of the cooperative adaptive driving (CAD) approach to avoid shock-waves efficiently in platoon driving. Numerical results demonstrate that the CAD approach outperforms the compared techniques in the number of shock-waves, average vehicle velocity, average travel time and time to collision (TTC). Additionally, the adaptive platoon length is determined according to the traffic information gathered from the global and local clouds.

The establishment of micro channel LTCC（Low-temperature cofired ceramics, LTCC） substrate finite element analysis model of multi chip module and the thermal simulation analysis on it. The effect of different microchannel structures, microchannel diameter and fluid flow velocity on the heat dissipation performance was analyzed,Using orthogonal table design, nine multi-chip module models with different combinations of structural parameters were designed. Nine sets of temperature data were obtained and range analysis and variance analysis,The results show that the order of influencing factors on the heat dissipation performance is as follows: microfluidic structure, microfluidic channel diameter and fluid flow rate. When the confidence level is 90%, the micro channel structure and the micro channel diameter have a significant effect on the heat dissipation of the micro channel, and the flow velocity has little effect on the heat dissipation of the micro channel.

Abstract Background The effect of pretransplant peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD) modality on outcomes of kidney transplantation (KT) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is debatable. We evaluated the outcomes these modalities in KT from donor after cardiac death (DCD). Methods A cohort of 251 patients on HD, PD or pre-emptive who underwent first KT from DCD between January 2014 and December 2016 were prospectively analyzed to compare for outcomes on recovery of renal function, complications as well as patient and graft survival. The patients were followed till August 2017. Data on 104 HD and 98 PD were available for final comparative outcome analysis, 5 pre-emptive were analyzed as the control group. Results Both HD and PD group patients were well matched for demographic and baseline characteristics. The follow-up period was 12.5 (3.0, 22.0) months in HD and 12.0 (6.0, 20.0) months in PD patients. Post-transplant renal functions between the two groups showed no differences. Among PD patients, 16 (16.3%) suffered delayed graft function, versus 19 (18.3%) in HD, with no statistical differences (p = 0.715). Complications of acute rejection, infections were comparable between the groups. The patient survival, graft survival and death-censored graft survival were similar for HD and PD after adjusting for other multiple risk factors. Conclusions Our results indicate that outcome of first KT from DCD is not affected by pretransplant dialysis modality of PD or HD in aspects of recovery of renal function, complications as well as patient and graft survival.

Hot stamping of high strength steel is an approach to achieve the lightweight of auto-body and guarantee the security of automobile simultaneously, and it has been widely used in the automobile and steel industry in recent years. Due to the high temperature process, the mechanical behaviors of high strength steel are strongly dependent on the deformation temperature and strain rate, which presents a challenge to evaluate the thermal formability accurately. On the basis of the review of the process characteristics of hot stamping, the experimental and theoretical predicted research on the thermal forming limit diagram (FLD) published by overseas and domestic scholars is analyzed. The deficiencies of FLD are discussed, then the evaluation methods for formability based damage mechanics are introduced, which include the continuum damage mechanics and mesoscopic damage mechanics. The calibration methods for damage parameter are also discussed. Finally, some suggestions are given: to accurately study the damage evolution of high strength steel in hot stamping, the influence of deformation temperature, strain rate and stress state must be fully considered. To achieve this, the method combined experiment, theory and numerical simulation must be adopted based on the technological characteristics of the hot stamping technology. This work can provide a reference for the improvement of damage theory in hot stamping of sheet metal, and the related research results can be used to guide process optimization of actual hot stamping, which can effectively shorten the development cycle of new products.

Abstract Background Significant attention has been directed toward the high incidence of malignant tumours that occur post-transplantation. However, there are few reports of myeloid sarcomas (MSs) following renal transplantation. Case presentation This case report describes a 26-year-old male patient who presented with repeatedly high creatinine levels and hydronephrosis six months post-renal transplantation. Surgical pathology revealed ureteral MS; however, the tumour recurred following resection. Bone marrow biopsy indicated that the patient also had acute promyelocytic leukaemia. The tumour was treated with local radiotherapy, and the leukaemia was treated with systemic chemotherapy. The patient’s conditions were satisfactory at the one-year follow-up. Conclusions This report is the first to describe a ureteral MS post-renal transplantation. Our findings suggest that surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy can help control the status of patients with this condition.