Search

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive disease that affects potato production, leading to severe yield losses. Currently, little is known about the changes in the assembly and functional adaptation of potato rhizosphere microbial communities during different stages of R. solanacearum infection. In this study, using amplicon and metagenomic sequencing approaches, we analyzed the changes in the composition and functions of bacterial and fungal communities in the potato rhizosphere across four stages of R. solanacearum infection. The results showed that R. solanacearum infection led to significant changes in the composition and functions of bacterial and fungal communities in the potato rhizosphere, with various microbial properties (including α,β-diversity, species composition, and community ecological functions) all being driven by R. solanacearum infection. The relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms in the potato rhizosphere, including Firmicutes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Mortierella, decreased as the duration of infection increased. Moreover, the related microbial communities played a significant role in basic metabolism and signal transduction; however, the functions involved in soil C, N, and P transformation weakened. This study provides new insights into the dynamic changes in the composition and functions of potato rhizosphere microbial communities at different stages of R. solanacearum infection to adapt to the growth promotion or disease suppression strategies of host plants, which may provide guidance for formulating future strategies to regulate microbial communities for the integrated control of soil-borne plant diseases.

Objective Given the large scale of urban rail transit interchange stations, numerous environmental constraints, and the significant difficulties in station architectural design, it is necessary to conduct a scientific and rational design for interchange stations. Method Using the architectural design proposal for Beijing Subway Line 19 Ping’anli Interchange Station as example, the design control conditions for the interchange station are analyzed from various aspects, including planning requirements, current conditions, heritage and environmental protection needs, resource conservation demands, and other controlling factors. Solution ideas for challenging issues regarding station location, station type, scale, and other controlling factors in the architectural design proposal for the interchange station are studied. The final layout plan for Ping’anli Interchange Station is proposed, along with a summary of the design principle and key design points. Result & Conclusion The final layout plan for Ping’anli Interchange Station is as follows: Line 19 Ping’anli Station is located north of the intersection of Zhaodengyu Road and Ping’anli West Street. The main structure adopts a double-level island platform with a two-storey, double-column, and three-span structure. The first underground level serves as the concourse, and the second underground level is the platform. An ancillary building on the southeast side of the station has three underground floors, with an interchange passage on the second underground level connecting Line 19 and Line 6. The station has three entrances, two emergency exists, one accessible elevator, two ventilation shafts, and one cooling tower.

The environmental impact of trade openness has been a subject of extensive research, but gaps exist in understanding how green financing interact with trade openness on carbon emissions in emerging economies. Thus, this research aims to investigate the moderating effect of green financing on the relationship between trade openness and carbon emissions in emerging countries. The study uses a balanced panel dataset comprising BRIC and CIVETS countries spanning 1998 to 2022 years. Employing threshold effect model, we uncover involved patterns and critical thresholds that influence the environmental outcomes of trade dynamics. Finally, this paper employs different econometric models fortifying the methodological underpinning of the study. We find that green financing and trade openness lead to a reduction in carbon emissions as they are negatively associated with emissions. Further, our study finds that green financing interacted with trade openness to reduce carbon emissions because interaction of trade openness makes stronger the relationship to reduce emissions. When these two factors interact, their combined effect is even more potent. Additionally, this study identifies a threshold effect in the role of green financing, where its inhibitory impact on carbon emissions intensifies as the level of green financing increases, lead to greater reductions in emissions. This research contributes in identifying the moderating effects of green financing and the threshold effects on carbon emissions at different levels of green financing. Thus, this article implies that increasing both green financing and trade openness, along with understanding their interactive and threshold effects, is crucial for achieving substantial carbon emissions reductions.

[Objective] Achieving a rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） residues in vegetables. [Methods] Based on the peroxidase-like activity and specific recognition of Fe3O4 magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles （Fe3O4 MMIP NPs）, a simple, rapid and highly selective colorimetric method was established to detect 6-BA residues in vegetables. [Results] Fe3O4 MMIP NPs exhibits optimal peroxidase-like catalytic activity at pH 4.0, 0.02 mol/L TMB, 0.02 mol/L H2O2 and a reaction time of 5 min. 6-BA showed a good linear relationship with the difference between the blank and the sample absorbance value in the mass concentration range of 1~300 ng/mL with a limit of detection at 0.697 ng/mL. The method was successfully applied to the detection of 6-BA residues in vegetables （cucumber, tomato, bean sprouts, mung bean sprouts）. The recovery rate was 83.47%~106.76%, with a relative standard deviation of 0.37%~5.66%. In addition, Fe3O4 MMIP NPs could still maintain good catalytic activity after 60 days of storage at 4 ℃. [Conclusion] The colorimetric method for the detection of 6-BA based on Fe3O4 MMIP NPs has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, economy, and can be used for the detection of 6-BA residues in vegetables, which has certain reliability and practicability.

ObjectiveTo identify factors related to the occurrence of choking and coughing while eating in the disabled elderly and conduct importance matrix analysis to provide a reference basis for controlling choking on food in the disabled elderly.MethodsA convenience sampling method was used to select 80 disabled elderly individuals in a hospital between October 2019 and April 2022 as the study population. The occurrence of choking and coughing while eating was recorded， and a questionnaire was administered to collect general information. Additionally， assessments were conducted using the intelligent mental status examination scale （MMSE）， oral health checklist （BOHSE）， eating assessment tool⁃10 （EAT-10）， and chewing function evaluations. Univariate and multifactorial analyses were conducted to analyze the influencing factors of choking and coughing while eating in the elderly with disabilities.ResultsThe incidence of choking and coughing while eating was 52.50% （42/80） among the 80 disabled elderly. The degree of disability （OR=2.895， 95%CI： 1.352‒6.201）， age （OR=4.040， 95%CI： 1.121‒14.562）， BOHSE score （OR=2.473， 95%CI： 1.002‒6.102）， EAT-10 score （OR=5.345， 95%CI： 2.112‒13.527）， and chewing function score （OR=3.453， 95%CI： 1.247‒9.562） were identified as risk factors for choking and coughing while eating in the disabled elderly. The MMSE score （OR=0.343， 95%CI： 0.135‒0.869） was identified as a protective factor. The importance matrix analysis indicated that EAT-10 score， MMSE score， and chewing function had high importance with slightly lower difficulty in improvement， and were thus listed as items in the priority improvement area. Age and degree of disability had high importance and high difficulty in improvement， and therefore belonged to the suboptimal improvement area. BOHS score was slightly lower both in importance and difficulty of improvement， entering the alternative improvement area.ConclusionAge， degree of disability， BOHSE score， EAT-10 score， and chewing function score are risk factors for the occurrence of choking and coughing while eating， while the MMSE score is a protective factor. The importance matrix analysis can provide a basis for targeted intervention in clinical practice.

[Objective] The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of cultivated land types and their influencing factors were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for policy-making regarding cultivated land protection, sustainable agricultural development, and soil and water conservation in this region. [Methods] The study was conducted for Laiyang City in Shandong Province. High-resolution remote sensing data from 2019 to 2021 were combined with field observations in order to divide cultivated land types into five categories: irrigated land, arid flat land, arid sloping land, arid terrace land, and abandoned land. We determined the spatio-temporal distribution and variation of different types of cultivated land and their influencing factors, and identified the variable regions by using dynamic change degree, land use transfer matrix, and geographic detector. [Results] ① Cultivated land of Laiyang City accounted for 54.44% of the total land area, with an overall distribution pattern of more cultivated land in the southern and western areas of the city, and less in the northern and eastern areas of the city. Arid terrace land accounted for 61.19% of the total cultivated land area, which was followed by irrigated land, arid flat land, and arid sloping land. Abandoned land accounted for only 0.33% of the total cultivated land area. ② The analysis of single factor detector showed that landform type, slope, and soil type were the three main factors affecting the distribution of cultivated land type, and the (q values) were all above 0.3 when the factors interacted with each other. ③ From 2019 to 2021, the net rate of cultivated land conversion was -0.25%. The total area decreased 4.73 km2, mainly due to conversion of arid terrace land, arid sloping land, arid flat land, and irrigated land to construction land. This conversion mostly occurred in the urban area located in the low hilly area with a slope of less than 5° and a brown soil type. [Conclusion] The mainly cultivated land type is dry terraced field. Cultivated land distributed in low hilly area with gentle slopes (representing cultivated land with good quality) is easy to change. As the area continues to decrease, the protection measures of high-quality cultivated land should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the biological role of LINC01614 in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells and its drug resistance-related mechanism. Methods The CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to construct the A549 cell model with knockdown of LINC01614. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on A549 cells knocked down with LINC01614. We validated the transcriptomic differential genes MCAM and ABCC3 at the gene level and MCAM at the protein level, detected the IC50 changes of A549 cells after knockdown of LINC01614 under the effect of different concentrations of cisplatin, and detected the effect of knockdown of LINC01614 on the migration ability of A549 cells. Results Of the 2 713 DEGs after knockdown of LINC01614, a total of 1 626 genes were up-regulated and 1, 087 genes were down-regulated. GO analysis showed that DEGs were associated with intracellular signaling, cell adhesion, and so on. Meanwhile, the KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were associated with the Wnt signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, and Rap1 signaling pathway. Selection of drug resistance-associated gene ABCC3 from DEGs for validation with MCAM: qRT-PCR results showed that knockdown of LINC01614 significantly down-regulated the expression of MCAM (P

Based on the linear regression algorithm, this paper uses the basic linear regression algorithm and the kernel linear regression algorithm to construct the relationship model between academic input and academic achievement based on linear regression and to determine the independent variables, dependent variables and control variables in the model. The engineering students of East China Normal University are selected as the research object, the research instrument is determined, the research index is determined according to the survey, and the research hypothesis is proposed, and then the research and analysis design of the impact of academic input on academic achievement is completed. Using reliability and validity to test the validity of the questionnaire, the initial data of the study can be obtained by distributing the questionnaire, and correlation analysis and regression analysis are used to carry out an empirical study of academic input and academic achievement based on linear regression. The results show that the correlation coefficient between academic input and academic achievement of master’s degree students is R=0.892 and R2=0.792, indicating that the predictive variance of academic input on academic achievement is 89.2%. The effects of the dimensions under the academic input on the social adjustment dimension under the academic achievement were, in descending order, as follows: active cooperation > teacher-student interaction > educational enrichment > academic challenge > campus support. This study comprehensively analyzes the impact of academic engagement on academic achievement, and colleges and universities should change the test of students’ ability to memorize knowledge and skills to the test of students’ ability to analyze and solve problems by applying what they have learned.

Unit variance (UV) scaling, mean centering (CTR) scaling, and Pareto (Par) scaling are three commonly used algorithms in the preprocessing of metabolomics data. Based on our NMR-based metabolomics studies, we found that the clustering identification performances of these three scaling methods were dramatically different as tested by the spectra data of 48 young athletes’ urine samples, spleen tissue (from mice), serum (from mice), and cell (from Staphylococcus aureus) samples. Our data suggested that for the extraction of clustering information, UV scaling could serve as a robust approach for NMR metabolomics data for the identification of clustering analysis even with the existence of technical errors. However, for the purpose of discriminative metabolite identification, UV scaling, CTR scaling, and Par scaling could equally extract discriminative metabolites efficiently based on the coefficient values. Based on the data presented in this study, we propose an optimal working pipeline for the selection of scaling algorithms in NMR-based metabolomics analysis, which has the potential to serve as guidance for junior researchers working in the NMR-based metabolomics research field.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate health management, well-being, and pandemic-related perspectives of chronic disease patients in the context of stringent measures, and associated correlates. A self-report survey was administered during the Omicron wave lockdown in Shanghai, China. Items from the Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS) and Symptom Checklist-90 were administered, as well as pandemic-related items. Overall, 1,775 patients (mostly married females with hypertension) were recruited through a community family physician group. Mean SSS scores were 36.1 ± 10.5/80, with 41.5% scoring in the elevated range (i.e., >36). In an adjusted model, being female, diagnosis of coronary artery disease and arrhythmia, perceived impact of pandemic on life, health condition, change to exercise routine, tolerance of control measures, as well as perception of future and control measures were significantly associated with greater distress. One-quarter perceived the pandemic had a permanent impact on their life, and 44.1% perceived at least a minor impact. One-third discontinued exercise due to the pandemic. While 47.6% stocked up on their medications before the lockdown, their supply was only enough for two weeks; 17.5% of participants discontinued use. Chief among their fears were inability to access healthcare (83.2%), and what they stated they most needed to manage their condition was medication access (65.6%). Since 2020 when we assessed a similar cohort, distress and perceived impact of the pandemic have worsened. Greater access to cardiac rehabilitation in China could address these issues.

The fumigation activity and effect of adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on under indoor conditions was studied. The fumigation effect of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) was determined by a closed air filter paper fumigation method. Sublethal doses of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on fumigation of adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) were analyzed. The results showed that the fumigation effect of Ocimum basilicum oil on Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) larvae was stronger than that of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil. After treatment with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil at a concentration of 50 μL for 96 h, the mortality rates of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) larvae were 92% and 100%, respectively. The mortality rates of adults of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) treated with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil were 100% and 83.33% at 3.5 μL for 2 h; When both treated for 2 h, 3.5 μL of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil led to the highest mortality rate of Plodia interpunctella(Hübener), while 4.5 μL of Ocimum basilicum oil only caused 99.33% of mortality rate of Plodia interpunctella(Hübener). The study showed that the fumigation effect of Ocimum basilicum oil on Plodia interpunctella(Hübener) larvae was significantly higher than that of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil, and the fumigation effect of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil on Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) adults was significantly higher than that of Ocimum basilicum oil.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the equivalence of 5 Salmonella selective enrichment procedures in standard methods worldwide.MethodsThe growth rates（PR） and the colony characteristics of 5 selective enrichment broths（SC， TTB， RV， MKTTn， SBG） and 5 selective mediums（CAS， XLD， XLT4， HE， BS） were validated according to the GB4789.28—2013. The sensitivity（SE）， the relative trueness（RT） and the acceptable limit（AL） were estimated on highly contaminated foods through the use of 5 protocols combined with 5 selective enrichment broths and 2 selective mediums according to the method of ISO 16140—2：2016. The sensitivity（Se）， the specificity（Sp）， the positive predictive value（PPV） and the negative predictive value（NPV） were simultaneously determined through the use of 10 compound modes combined with selective enrichment broths and selective mediums according to the classical statistical methods.ResultsThe results showed that SC broth had no efficacy in enriching Salmonella enterica serotype Cholerae and Salmonella enterica serotype Cholerae var. Kunzendorf. The CAS and XLD were significantly better than XLT4， HE and BS in identifying typhoidal Salmonella and nontyphoidal Salmonella as well as the phenotype of hydrogen sulfide.Totally 84 samples（22 pieces of meat， 32 pieces of poultry and 30 pieces of aquatic products） were tested. 25 out of the 84（29.76%） were confirmed positive by 5 protocols， and 16 serotypes from 42 isolates were identified. The SE of 5 protocols were 84.00%， 100.00%， 88.00%，88.00% and 92.00%， respectively， but showed no statistically significant difference between each other. The AL of one protocol （SC+TTB） went beyond the limitation of the ISO 16140—2：2016 due to the ineffectiveness of SC broth. The compound mode of RV-CAS had the best comprehensive benefits， while the Se， the Sp， the PPV and the NPV of which were 68.00%， 95.00%， 85.00% and 88.00%， respectively.ConclusionThe ineffectiveness of SC broth reduces the sensitivity of the detection protocol for Salmonella， which could cause a negative deviation， resulting in the threshold exceeding of the Acceptability Limit （AL）. The combinational selective enrichment broth of RV-CAS is recommended to be the optimal mode， with CAS+XLD being recommended to be the optimal selective medium combination. The process of Salmonella serotyping is suggested to be improved in the standard of GB4789.4 to cope with the multi-serotype Salmonella contamination in food chain and be consistent with the international standardization for food microbiology.

In this paper, we completely characterize the connected forbidden subgraphs and pairs of connected forbidden subgraphs that force a 2-edge-connected (2-connected) graph to be collapsible. In addition, the characterization of pairs of connected forbidden subgraphs that imply a 2-edge-connected graph of minimum degree at least three is supereulerian will be considered. We have given all possible forbidden pairs. In particular, we prove that every 2-edge-connected noncollapsible (or nonsupereulerian) graph of minimum degree at least three is Z3-free if and only if it is K3-free, where Zi is a graph obtained by identifying a vertex of a K3 with an end-vertex of a Pi+1.

Objective To investigate the hearing loss of Graves patients and explore the possible pathogenesis. Methods A total of 39 Graves patients and 22 healthy control subjects who were initially admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital from September 2019 to March 2021 were enrolled in this study. Hearing Handicap Inventory Screening Version (HHIE-S) was used to assess whether the subjects had conscious hearing loss. Meanwhile, thyroid hormone and thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) levels were detected, and pure tone audiometry and acoustic conductance were performed to judge the correlations of hearing loss with the hormone and TRAb levels. Results HHIE-S scale showed that 17 cases (43.6%) of 39 Graves patients had hearing loss, and 23 cases (59.0%) had increased pure tone threshold. There was no statistical difference in the average auditory threshold of all subjects. The hearing threshold was significantly higher in the Graves group than the healthy control group at frequencies other than 1 000 Hz (P < 0.05). At 4 000 Hz and 8 000 Hz, the thresholds of Graves eye disease group was significantly higher than that of Graves non-eye disease group (P < 0.01). No significant correlation was found of pure tone threshold with thyroid and TRAb levels in Graves patients. Conclusion Graves patients have no obvious conscious hearing loss at all detection frequencies except 1 000 Hz, and the high-frequency hearing loss at 4 000 Hz and 8 000Hz is more obvious in those with Graves eye disease.

As the international competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry continues to improve, the manufacturing industry of China is developing toward a high-quality pattern that pursues quality and efficiency. Hence, constructing a standards system for the manufacturing industry becomes critical for upgrading and internationalizing China’s manufacturing industry as well as commercializing scientific research achievements of the industry. In this article, we summarize the development trends of the standards system for manufacturing, and study the construction of standards systems by focusing on four key areas: equipment manufacturing, new materials, new-generation information technology, and consumer goods; the frameworks, ideas, and key tasks of the standards systems for these areas are clarified. Furthermore, to promote the quality of China’s manufacturing industry, future focus should be laid on standards system research, standards application, standards management mechanism, and international standardization.

This study analyzes the extraction conditions of enzyme-assisted polyethylene glycol (PEG)-200 extraction of chlorogenic acid from Chrysanthemum indicum. Single factor test and response surface method are used to optimize the extraction process by employing chlorogenic acid extraction rate as inspection index,with cellulase dosage, liquid-solid ratio, enzymolysis temperature and enzymolysis time as test factors. Under the optimized extraction condition, four mathematical models of chlorogenic acid extraction from Chrysanthemum indicum at different liquid-solid ratios are established. The results show that the optimal extraction condition are as follows: 0.8% cellulase, with a liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1(mL∶g), at 55 ℃enzymolysis temperature and of 2.5 hours enzymolysis time. This optimal condition brings up the extraction rate of chlorogenic acid from Chrysanthemum indicum to 3.92%. Slogistic1 model can simulate the mathematical model process and best describe the extraction process of chlorogenic acid from Chrysanthemum indicum.

[Introduction] In domestic thermal power plants, traditional line transmission technology is still used in the fuel management system, which lacks flexibility, reliability and mobility in terms of data integration processing or interconnection with the cloud platform. Data communication is an important development trend of intelligent power plant management, and the higher transmission rate is the goal of building a big data cloud computing platform for smart power plants in the future. This paper provides a reference for studying the application of higher-speed wireless data transmission in power industry, building and applying the latest wireless transmission technology in power plant data transmission network and integrating it with smart power plant big data platform. [Method] Firstly, this paper introduced the current status and composition of fuel management platform in power plant, and described the 5G and WiFi6 technology, which was integrated into the existing network architecture of power plant management platform, so as to realize efficient application and optimization research. [Result] By analyzing the problems existing in most of the fuel management platforms in power plants, the high-speed network can effectively improve the operation safety and stability of power plants and bring greater economic benefits. [Conclusion] The construction of a wireless high-speed and complete data transmission system is more conducive to the effective and safe construction of intelligent fuel management platform, which should be designed and planned in the early stage of the project and applied to thermal power generation industries.

FGF16 is implicated in the progression of some specific types of cancers, such as embryonic carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer. Yet, the function of FGF16 in the development of lung cancer remains largely unexplored. In this study, we present the novel function of FGF16 and the regulation of miR-520b on FGF16 in lung cancer progression. In clinical lung cancer tissues, FGF16 is overexpressed and its high level is negatively associated with the low level of miR-520b. Furthermore, both the transcription and translation levels of FGF16 are restrained by miR-520b in lung cancer cells. For the regulatory mechanism investigation, miR-520b is able to directly bind to the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of FGF16 mRNA, leading to its mRNA cleavage in the cells. Functionally, miR-520b reduces the growth of lung cancer and its inhibitor anti-miR520b is able to promote the growth through competing endogenous miR-520b. Moreover, FGF16 silence using RNA interference is capable of doing great damage to anti-miR-520b-accelerated growth of lung cancer. Thus, our finding indicates that FGF16 is a new target gene of miR-520b in lung cancer. For lung cancer, FGF16 may serve as a novel biomarker and miR-520b/FGF16 may be useful in clinical treatment.

For problems that traditional underground fingerprint positioning algorithm needs to collect a large number of fingerprint data and positioning accuracy is not high, a wireless positioning algorithm for underground personnel based on differential evolution and artificial fish swarm algorithm optimization least square support vector machine (DEAFSA-LSSVM) was proposed. Firstly, the underground experimental area is divided into several small areas, and the fingerprint database is established by Kriging interpolation algorithm. Secondly, the hybrid intelligent algorithm of differential evolution and artificial fish swarm is used to optimize regularization parameters and width of kernel function, and the least squares support vector machine algorithm model is established. The wireless acquisition and reception terminal is used to collect wireless information data of undetermined site, and its small area is calculated by the least squares support vector machine algorithm model. Finally, the wireless information data in the small area is used for real-time positioning by weighted K-nearest neighbor algorithm. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high convergence speed and high classification accuracy, the classification accuracy is 98.87%; and has high positioning accuracy, the average positioning error is 1.51 m, which is 18.82% higher than that of the least squares support vector machine algorithm without optimization.

The dynamic behavior of heat transfer induced by flow of the storage tank during the storage process was investigated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, with the target of the liquid CO2 storage tank in a CO2 injection station in an oilfield. The flow field distribution outside the tank was simulated, exhibiting the patterns of air flow near the tank wall. The effect of progressive cooling leakage in the tank under various conditions was determined through simulation of the dynamic of flow heat transfer under various storage settings, with the result indicating that tank pressure has a beneficial effect on cooling capacity. The medium level, on the other hand, had a negative impact on cooling capacity. Finally, the impact of environmental variables on fluid loss was evaluated. This finding supports the safety and cost-benefit analysis of liquid CO2 storage systems.

Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) play an important role in the transport and transformation of pollutants. At present, some scholars have conducted basic experimental characterization of EPS, but the molecular lev-el interactions among the various components of EPS still need to be fully characterized. Here, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to explore the structural properties of EPS systems in atomic detail. The process and mechanism of the aggregation of different EPS components (polysaccharide, lipid, nucleic acid and protein) were revealed by the simulation results. EPS aggregation consist of a hydrophobic core and an amphiphilic exterior. Lipid tail, as a hydrophobic core, promoted the aggregation of EPS. But strong hy-drophilic nucleic acid and protein components inhibited the aggregation of EPS in water and were located outside the aggregation body. The details of the structure of EPS aggregation are revealed here, which provides a micro molecular mechanism for understanding the interaction between EPS.

Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) has the largest application market of blue nano-pigments (NPs), which can release from relative products to aquatic environment during daily use. However, bioaccumulation of CuPc NPs in high trophic-level aquatic organisms is unclear. Therefore, bioaccumulation behaviors of CuPc in zebrafish as model aquatic organism were investigated. In this work, CuPc NPs were irregular in shape with an average size of 76.8 nm, whose crystal phase was a common beta phase according to the XRD spectrum. After 10 d of exposure to CuPc NPs, the weight of zebrafish at both low and high concentrations showed no obvious difference with con-trol, indicating little influence of CuPc on the survival of zebrafish. It was noted that amounts of Cu accumulated in the liver (982.84 ng/g) and skin (609.08 ng/g), and a small accumulation of Cu was observed in the gut, heart, and gill. CuPc NPs could not lead to Cu accumulation in the brain and muscle. This work helps to better understand the bioaccumulation behaviors and potential risks of CuPc NPs.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are widely concerned because of their potential adverse effects on marine organisms. However, the detection and quantification of NPs are challenging due to their small size and weak signals. In this study, the ac-cumulation of Pd-doped polystyrene (PS) NPs in the digestive tract of Sebastes schlegelii was investigated by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Results showed that NPs could be accumulated in the digestive tract and faeces after 3-day exposure with concentrations of 0.5, 5, and 10 mg/L. The highest accumulation of NPs was in the digestive tract, up to 0.23 ± 0.02 mg/g wet wt after 2 days. However, the highest accumulation of NPs was found in faeces (29.59 ± 0.54 mg/g wet wt) after 3-day exposure. Moreover, the digestive tract and faeces showed a concentration-dependent of NPs, which may lead to the transfer of NPs to higher trophic levels. The present study provides evidence for the bioaccumulation of NPs in organisms and the potential impact of NPs on ecological risk.

The pollution of micro (nano) plastics is one of the most urgent global environmental problems. Micro (nano) plastics will release from plastic products (e.g., food related products) to the environment, causing potential threats to human health and ecosystem. Therefore, the release of micro (nano) plastics from plastic products (e.g., food containers) deserves more concerns. In the present work, plastic food container was chosen to investigate the release of micro (nano) plastics under two heating methods (100 ℃ hot water and microwave heating) and reuse within nine times were further investigated the release characteristics. The findings demonstrate that: (1) The maximum release amount was 10.3±0.2×1010 particles/L, which was occurred under microwave heating, and it was twice greater than that under hot water heating, indicating that microwave heating could enhance micro (nano) plastics releasing; (2) The amounts of released micro (nano) plastics would fluctuate, and the fluctuation was getting smaller as the use times increasing; (3) The number of use times had no influence on the released particle size, and the amount of nanoplastics (

The construction of the enterprise middle office is an important starting point to help the digital transformation of companies. Since the start of construction in 2019, R Power Grid Company has continued to promote through three stages of concept design, construction landing and application empowerment, and has achieved initial results. With the continuous and in-depth advancement of the construction and application of enterprise middle office, various majors have put forward higher requirements and expectations for middle office support for cross-professional applications and empowering grassroots innovation, and require enterprise middle office to play a greater value role. In order to promote the practical effect and iterative construction of the middle platform, focus on improving the practical level of the middle platform, and promote the substantive transformation of the middle platform from "building well" to "using it well". The company should conduct a comprehensive investigation, analysis and diagnosis of the current situation of the middle platform, identify problems in the construction and operation of the middle platform, conduct in-depth analysis of the problems, study and formulate corrective measures, promote processing and use with evaluation, and give full play to the value of the middle platform to serve the construction of the new power system and the digital transformation of the company.

In this paper, we concern with a 2nth-order discrete system. Using the critical point theory, we establish various sets of sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to discuss the periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period for a 2nth-order discrete system.

BACKGROUND The eutrophication level in water is related to the phosphorus species in porewater and sediment closely. At present, as the one of the eutrophic elements, the vertical distribution characteristics of phosphorus species, the transfer and transformation behavior among phosphorus species and its influencing factors have made clear research progress. OBJECTIVES In order to further reveal the temporal and spatial characteristics of the transfer and transformation of different forms of phosphorus in porewaters and sediments, and assess the ecological restoration in the area by analyzing the soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), soluble unreactive phosphorus (SUP) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in porewaters, and by analyzing total inorganic phosphorus (TIP), total phosphorus (TP), residual phosphorus (Res-P), exchangeable phosphorus (Exc-P), Fe-bound phosphorus(Fe-P), Al-bound phosphorus (Al-P) and Ca-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) in sediments in Jianyang section of Tuojiang River. And the results were compared with the records of phosphorus species in the same place ten years ago to discuss the change trend and influencing factors of phosphorus occurrence. METHODS SRP, SUP and TDP in porewaters were determined by phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometry. TIP, TP, Res-P, Exc-P, Fe-P, Al-P and Ca-P in sediments were extracted by SMT method and the improved sequential extraction method. The concentration of the phosphorus species were determined by phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometry. RESULTS The content of SRP, SUP and TDP in porewaters ranged from 0.004 to 0.36mg/L, 0.080 to 3.19mg/L and 0.056 to 3.28mg/L, respectively. The content of TP, TIP, Res-P, Exc-P, Al-P and Ca-P in sediment ranged from 1235.40 to 1646.94mg/kg, 860.00 to 1318.59mg/kg, 130.31 to 537.13mg/kg, 1.35 to 14.10mg/kg, 0.007 to 0.12mg/kg and 743.13 to 1109.91mg/kg, respectively. However, Fe-P in the sediment samples were not detected. Compared with the results of phosphorus species in sediment-water system ten years ago, it was found that although the content of SRP, SUP and TDP in porewaters were not significantly changed above -10cm, but they increased below -10cm due to the influence of exogenous phosphorus input, which also led to the increase of TP and TIP in sediments. The weak alkaline environment resulted in the release of Al-P, and the decrease of Exc-P was related to its transformation into stable forms of Ca-P or Res-P. CONCLUSIONS The sediment in Jianyang section of Tuojiang River presents the comprehensive pollution of exogenous input and endogenous release. Generally speaking, because most of the input phosphorus exist in the forms of stable Ca-P and Res-P in sediments finally, the part of phosphorus which can be directly used by organisms in the sediment-water interface has little changed. So the eutrophication degree in this area has not increased with the change of time and space. To maintain the weak alkalinity of the sedimentary environment is conducive to the effective conversion of Al-P and Exc-P to Ca-P, and to inhibit the river eutrophication.

A method of forced angular displacement loading based on ABAQUS software is proposed. In order to improve the efficiency of pretreatment, the type of model elements is selected as C3 D8 R and C3 D10 M suitable for contact analysis according to the structural characteristics of the threaded joints. In this method, the mechanical constraint is treated by balanced penalty function. The boundary conditions are established at the bolt head according to the way of obtaining the pretightening force in engineering. The pretightening force is defined by imposing a forced angular displacement on the rigid element. This method is simpler and more practical than other methods. Finally, the relationship between pretightening force and torsion is obtained by analyzing the thread connection structure of skirt plate lock with this method. The error between the results and the experimental results is within 8%, which is within the range of theoretical calculation. The validity of this method is proved.

BackgroundSodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether (Triton X-100) are commonly used for surfactants in the laboratory, which can dissolve lipids in the cell membrane, increase the permeability of cell membrane, and can assist the rapid penetration of staining reagents. Surfactants play an important role in immunostaining or tissue clearance.PurposeThis study aims to study the effect of SDS and Triton X-100 on cell membrane permeability.MethodsFirstly, the damage effects of SDS and Triton X-100 on cell membranes were compared and the optimal conditions were optimized. Then, the influence of the selection of SDS and Triton X-100 on the specific experimental results was investigated. Finally, the full-field transmission imaging technology of the soft X-ray nanoimaging beamline of the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory at Hefei was used to compare their affection on cell morphology before and after the cell rupture.ResultsExperimental results show that 0.25% Triton X-100 has better membrane penetration than 4% SDS, and the optimal treatment time of 0.25% Triton X-100 is 10 min. In the experiment of peroxidase catalyzed 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) polymerization, SDS, rather than Triton X-100, affects the catalytic activity of enzymes, hence changes the staining effect. The synchrotron radiation high-resolution imaging demonstrate that there is no significant difference of cell morphology before and after the cell membrane permeability with Triton X-100.ConclusionsTriton X-100 is a better surfactant than SDS in the cell membrane permeability. The principal method of this study provides a good support for selecting suitable surfactants in the experiments.

The authors explore the boundary value problems of a discrete generalized beam equation. Using the critical point theory, some sufficient conditions for the existence of the solutions are obtained. Several consequences of the main results are also presented. Examples are given to illustrate the theorems.

CNT fibers are composed of millions of highly aligned CNTs. The mechanical properties of CNT fibers when passing through different intensities of currents were investigated experimentally. The experimental results show that the introduction of current can obviously reduce the modulus and breaking strength of the fibers. When the current passes through the fibers, an axial electro-contraction force is produced, the electro-contraction force is increased with the increase of current intensity, the electro-contraction force at 5mA is about 2.5mN. By stretching the fiber to the 2% strain axially, after 1000s of the stress relaxation, the load tends to be stable, then switch on current or increase the current intensity, it is found that the tension of the fiber is obviously decreased due to the decrease of the stress caused by the change of modulus is greater than the increase of electric-contraction force. Stretching the fiber axially to 2% strain when passing through a certain intensity of current, after the stress relaxation, the load tends to be stable, then the same intensity of AC current is passed through, the response of the electro-contraction force is very quick.When the AC current changes experience 400 cycles, electro-contraction force exhibits good change, which makes the CNT-fibers as a new type of electro-actuation material.

Objective To explore the effect of Garcinone E, extracted from Garcinia oblongifolia Champ, on the proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) HK1 and HONE1 cells and elucidate its possible mechanism. Methods The effect of Garcinone E on the proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK1 and HONE1 cells lines was examined using MTS and Transwell assay, respectively. The expressions of EMT-related protein and mRNA and possible pathway were detected by Western blot and q-PCR. Results MTS assay showed that Garcinone E significantly inhibited the viability of HK1 and HONE1 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Transwell assay showed that compared with the blank control group, 7.5μmol/L Garcinone E suppressed the migration and invasion of HK1 and HONE1 cell lines obviously. Western blot results indicated that Garcinone E decreased the expression of p-Vimentin, Snail and Slug and increased the expression of E-cadherin in a dose-dependent manner. q-PCR assay showed that Garcinone E increased the expression of E-cadherin mRNA in HK1 and HONE1 cell lines. Conclusion Garcinone E could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, which may be related to regulating the process of EMT.

BACKGROUND The serious water pollution accident that occurred in the Tuo River in February 2004 caused serious harm to the ecological environment. In recent years, the ecological environment of the Tuo River has suffered from some degrees of pollution through industrial, agricultural and the life of coastal residents, but the geochemical study of nitrogen in the Tuo River is scarce. BAOBJECTIVES To reveal the vertical distribution and temporal and spatial variation characteristics of nitrogen in river sediments and assess the ecological restoration in the area by analyzing the total nitrogen (TN), exchangeable ammonia nitrogen (AN) and organic nitrogen (ON) in the winter sediments of the Jintang Section of the Tuo River and to compare the results with the records of nitrogen species in the same sediments 10 years ago. METHODS Based on the method of Mackin's extraction method of adsorbed ammonia nitrogen in sediments and Smart's method for total nitrogen extraction in sediments, spectrophotometry is used to analyze the occurrence of TN, AN and ON in winter sediments in the Jintang area of the Lancang River Basin. RESULTS [JP3]The concentrations of TN range from 518.913 to 4386.899 mg/kg, whereas ON range from 101.531 to 3793.683 mg/kg. The concentrations of TN and ON were above -3 cm, and ON was the main form of TN. With the increased depth, the concentrations of TN and ON decreased rapidly, and the concentrations of AN decreased slightly. A comparison between the results of nitrogen species in sediments and the records of 10 years ago shows that the concentration of AN increased significantly and the concentrations of ON and TN increased significantly above -3 cm. CONCLUSIONS The nitrogen in the sediments of the Tuo River had been released upward to the porewaters and even overlying waters as endogenous nitrogen. Combined with external pollution in this area, the concentrations of ON and TN in the surface of the sediment have increased significantly.