1. Strengthening Sustainable Water Supply Services through Domestic Private Sector Providers in Cambodia
- Author
-
World Bank
- Subjects
WATER CONSUMPTION ,WATER LAW ,WATER OPERATORS ,PRIVATE OPERATOR ,WATER SOURCES ,WATER ,RURAL WATER SUPPLY ,WATER MARKET ,PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS ,HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION ,WATER SCHEMES ,LOCAL CAPACITY ,CONNECTION POLICY ,TOWNS ,PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ,OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY ,WATER TARIFF ,SERVICE PROVIDERS ,WATER DEMAND ,GUARANTEE ,WATER INFRASTRUCTURE ,WATER SOURCE ,BANK ,UTILITY MANAGEMENT ,SERVICE DELIVERY ,WATER INDUSTRY ,PIPELINE ,SOLID WASTE ,WELLS ,PUBLIC WATER ,DEPRECIATION SCHEDULE ,SERVICE STANDARDS ,INVESTMENT COST ,SERVICE QUALITY ,PUBLIC UTILITIES ,SURFACE WATER ,PUBLIC UTILITY ,SANITATION SECTOR ,SERVICE PROVIDER ,OPERATOR PERFORMANCE ,REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ,LOCAL COMMERCIAL FINANCING ,SUSTAINABLE WATER ,WATER SERVICES ,WATER SYSTEM ,DRINKING WATER ,LOCAL COMMUNITIES ,CONNECTION FEE ,GRANT ,POTABLE WATER SUPPLY ,GRANT FINANCING ,PRIVATE WATER PROVIDERS ,COST RECOVERY ,PERFORMANCE DATA ,WATER SUPPLY SERVICES ,PRIVATE SECTOR OPERATORS ,WATER SECTOR ,INVESTMENT PROJECT ,CASH FLOW ,WATER USERS ,TARIFF REGULATION ,LARGER UTILITIES ,DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ,INVESTMENT PLANNING ,WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS ,PRIVATE FINANCING ,INVESTMENT CLIMATE ,WATER ASSOCIATION ,OPERATIONAL COSTS ,WATER METERS ,SANITATION SERVICES ,NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS ,WATER SALES ,MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS ,TARIFF SETTING PROCESS ,CONNECTION POLICIES ,STORAGE CAPACITY ,SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY ,WATER SERVICE PROVISION ,INVESTMENT DECISIONS ,WATER SYSTEMS ,HOUSEHOLDS ,RAW WATER ,INVESTMENT COSTS ,POTABLE WATER ,SUSTAINABLE SERVICES ,APPROVAL OF TARIFFS ,SERVICE PROVISION ,URBAN WATER ,RURAL WATER ,PROVISION OF WATER ,FIXED COSTS ,INTERNATIONAL BANK ,HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS ,REPLACEMENT OF WATER ,UTILITIES ,SYSTEMS ,WATER SERVICE ,WATER TREATMENT PLANT ,PROFIT MARGINS ,WATER UTILITIES ,WATER QUALITY ,WATER SUPPLY ,TARIFF SETTING ,WATER USE ,PRIVATE OPERATORS ,PROFIT MARGIN ,CONNECTION FEES ,CASH FLOWS ,WATER QUALITY TESTING ,WATER RESOURCES ,URBAN AREAS ,TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS ,SMALL TOWNS ,RURAL TOWNS ,LOCAL CAPACITY BUILDING ,INITIAL INVESTMENT - Abstract
With the exception of Myanmar, Cambodia has the lowest access to piped water supply in the South East Asia region, which was estimated to be 21 percent in 2015. Less than one in ten rural households (7 percent) have access to piped water services on their premises, while for urban households, three out of four households enjoy these services (75 percent) (WHO and UNICEF, 2015). Against this backdrop, the Government of Cambodia in its National Strategic Development Plan 2014-2018 (Royal Government of Cambodia, 2013) prioritizes the acceleration of access to piped water services, in partnership with the domestic private sector. Private water operators are licensed and regulated by the Ministry of Industry and Handicraft (MIH). Scarce public domestic financial resources are solely channeled to state-owned utilities and enforcement of regulations is generally weak. With the exception of the French Development Agency (AFD), most development partners focus their grant and lending support on public utility investments. In 2012 the private sector is already estimated to provide 1.4 million Cambodians with piped water services, with the immediate potential for expansion of existing schemes covering another 2 million and further new schemes that could viably be developed for another 3 million Cambodians (Sy, Warner, & Jamieson, 2014) and ( (DFAT, 2014). Around 300 private sector utilities, around half of which are licensed by the Ministry of Industry and Handicraft (MIH), have a market share of almost 50 percent of those with access to piped services, mostly situated in rural towns and agglomerations of settlements, with 750 to over 3000 household connections. Driven by demand for higher services, the private sector in Cambodia will be an important driver for increasing access to piped water supply, especially in the rapidly urbanizing rural growth centers of Cambodia.
- Published
- 2016