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1. Speakers are able to categorize vowels based on tongue somatosensation

Author: David J. Ostry, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Jean-François Patri, Christophe Savariaux, Julien Diard, Pascal Perrier, Pamela Trudeau-Fisette, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Cognition, Motion and Neuroscience Unit, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Cognitive Robotics, Interactive Systems, & Speech Processing (GIPSA-CRISSP), GIPSA-Services (GIPSA-Services), European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2 013 grant agreement 339152, 'Speech Unit(e)s', principal investigator, Jean-Luc Schwartz)The European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłokodowska-Curie grant agreement 754490 (MultIscale precision therapies for NeuroDEvelopmental Disorders [MINDED] Program: Beneficiairy: Jean-François Patri),The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders grant R01DC017439 (PI: David J. Ostry). NeuroCoG 'IDEX Université Grenoble Alpes:- Université de l’innovation' in the framework of the 'Investissements d’avenir' program (ANR-15-IDEX-02)., Gipsa-lab - LPNC - Psychology Department, MCGill University, Montréal, Canada -Haskins Laboratories, New Haven,USA - Lab Phonétique, UQAM, Montréal, Canada - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy, ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019), and European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Auditory perception, Speech production, Speech perception, Speech recognition, Sensation, Speech motor control, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech Production Measurement, Tongue, Phonetics, Vowel, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030304 developmental biology, Feedback, Physiological, 0303 health sciences, Auditory feedback, Categorical perception, Multidisciplinary, Palate, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Somatosensory feedback, PNAS Plus, Categorical perception of speech, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Speech Perception, Female, Articulation (phonetics), Psychology, Vocal tract
Abstract: Auditory speech perception enables listeners to access phonological categories from speech sounds. During speech production and speech motor learning, speakers’ experience matched auditory and somatosensory input. Accordingly, access to phonetic units might also be provided by somatosensory information. The present study assessed whether humans can identify vowels using somatosensory feedback, without auditory feedback. A tongue-positioning task was used in which participants were required to achieve different tongue postures within the /e, [Formula: see text] , a/ articulatory range, in a procedure that was totally nonspeech like, involving distorted visual feedback of tongue shape. Tongue postures were measured using electromagnetic articulography. At the end of each tongue-positioning trial, subjects were required to whisper the corresponding vocal tract configuration with masked auditory feedback and to identify the vowel associated with the reached tongue posture. Masked auditory feedback ensured that vowel categorization was based on somatosensory feedback rather than auditory feedback. A separate group of subjects was required to auditorily classify the whispered sounds. In addition, we modeled the link between vowel categories and tongue postures in normal speech production with a Bayesian classifier based on the tongue postures recorded from the same speakers for several repetitions of the /e, [Formula: see text] , a/ vowels during a separate speech production task. Overall, our results indicate that vowel categorization is possible with somatosensory feedback alone, with an accuracy that is similar to the accuracy of the auditory perception of whispered sounds, and in congruence with normal speech articulation, as accounted for by the Bayesian classifier.
Published: 2020
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2. L’émergence de la parole : la piste des vocalisations de singes

Author: Boë, Louis-Jean, Sawallis, Thomas, Captier, Guillaume, Barbier, Guillaume, Badin, Pierre, Ménard, Lucie, Schwartz, Jean-Luc, Fagot, Joël, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Laboratoire d'Anatomie [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montréal (UdeM), GIPSA - Cognitive Robotics, Interactive Systems, & Speech Processing (GIPSA-CRISSP), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Center For Research on Brain, Language, and Music, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-16-CONV-0002,ILCB,ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain(2016), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Badin, Pierre, and ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain - - ILCB2016 - ANR-16-CONV-0002 - CONV - VALID
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO] Cognitive science
Abstract: https://www.dossiers-archeologie.com/numero-403/origines-l-humanite/emergence-parole-piste-vocalisations-singes.52743.php#article_52743; National audience; De tous les primates, seuls les humains possèdent un système de communication qui combine un petit nombre d’unités sonores pour réaliser un lexique abondant, combiné à son tour pour générer une infinité d’énoncés porteurs de sens. Cette double articulation est une propriété essentielle du langage ; elle commence avec la parole, c’est-à-dire avec la maîtrise de ces unités sonores. De récentes études de l’anatomie du conduit vocal de singes et de l’acoustique de leurs vocalisations, menées avec des protocoles développés pour la parole humaine, ont permis de déceler les prémices de l’émergence de la communication parlée et de proposer une nouvelle hypothèse pour l’aube de la parole.
Published: 2021

3. Influence of French Cued Speech on consonant production in children with cochlear implants: an ultrasound study

Author: Machart, Laura, Vilain, Anne, Loevenbruck, Hélène, Ménard, Lucie, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Haskins Laboratories, ANR-17-CE28-0006,HearCog,Restauration des fonctions auditives et cognitives chez l'enfant sourd implanté cochléaire(2017), Lœvenbruck, Hélène, and Restauration des fonctions auditives et cognitives chez l'enfant sourd implanté cochléaire - - HearCog2017 - ANR-17-CE28-0006 - AAPG2017 - VALID
Subjects: LfPC, Cochlear Implant, articulation, French Cued Speech, ultrasound, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Although cochlear implant improves deaf children’s speech intelligibility (Turgeon et al., 2017; Grandon et al., to be published), the auditory information it provides remains degraded (Colin et al., 2017) and the perception of some acoustic features can be altered (Bouton et al., 2015). These auditory limitations may impact oral language development and lead to persistent language disorders (Geers et al., 2015). Some acoustic studies have highlighted specific impairments in the speech production of CI children (Grandon, 2016; Reidy et al., 2016). Only a few studies have investigated how CI children use their articulators to produce speech (Turgeon et al., 2017). To compensate for the degraded acoustic input some people choose to use Cued French (CF) which supplements the auditory information with a manual cue (Hage & Leybaert, 2006). CF has been shown to improve auditory sentence processing in children with hearing aids (Périer et al., 1990, Leybaert et al., 2010) and to help children build more stable phonological representations (Charlier & Leybaert, 2000). Using CF enhances speech perception even in CI children (Hage & Leybaert, 2006; Leybaert et al., 2010) and in a noisy environment (Bayard et al., 2019). It has also been suggested that CF could improve sentence production (Hage & Leybaert, 2006).The aim of the present study is to examine the influence of CF on articulatory precision in CI children. Ultrasound imaging of the sagittal profile of the tongue provides objective information on the degree of articulatory precision. As part of an ongoing project on speech development in French, we have collected speech data on 85 normal hearing children (NH) and 17 CI children (Machart et al., 2019). Based on preliminary data analysis, in the present ultrasound study we chose to focus on the 6 consonants /t/, /k/, /s/, /ʃ/, /n/, /ɲ/, which are frequently substituted by CI children, independently of voicing substitutions (Fig.1), and which can be distinguished by the horizontal and vertical position of the tongue. The lingual movements are recorded during the production of simple words (Picture-Naming task) each including one of the targeted consonants followed by vowel /a/. Stimuli have been chosen for their frequency and imageability: tapis /tapi/ carpet, carotte /kaʁɔt/ carrot, sapin /sapɛ/̃ fir tree, chapeau /ʃapo/ hat, narine /naʁin/ nostril, orignal /oʁiɲal/ moose. Three groups of children are examined: 10 typical NH children (NH), 9 CI children with a strictly oral education (CI) and 9 CI children who benefit from a CF education (CIcf). A secondary aim of the study is to test the impact of simultaneous speech and CF production on articulatory accuracy. The CIcf group is therefore split in two subgroups: children who are not able to use CF in production (group 1: 5 children) and children who can use CF when they speak (group 2: 4 children). CIcf children group 2 are asked to utter the words and cue simultaneously (US_CF condition). Acoustic data are transcribed using PRAAT (Boersma & Weenink) and ultrasound data are analyzed using SLURP (Laporte & Ménard, 2018). The tongue position index will be the location of the highest point of the tongue on the y axis (Ménard et al., 2013). The curvature index will be measured following the methods described in Dawson et al. (2015).The hypotheses are that CI children have a better representation of speech sounds when they benefit from CF, which results in more precise articulation and lingual configurations comparable to those of children with typical development. (H1) We anticipate that CIcf children produce these contrasts more typically and more stably than CI children. More specifically, we expect accuracy scores, acoustic and articulatory parameters to be closer to the NH group in CIcf children than in CI children. (H2) Moreover, we think that using CF during production might improve articulatory control: using the hand will help in positioning the articulators resulting in higher accuracy scores, more typical acoustic parameters, and more typical lingual configurations.
Published: 2020

4. Influence of French Cued Speech on speech production in children with cochlear implants

Author: Machart, Laura, Vilain, Anne, Loevenbruck, Hélène, Ménard, Lucie, Meloni, Geneviève, Puissant, Clarisse, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), ANR-17-CE28-0006,HearCog,Restauration des fonctions auditives et cognitives chez l'enfant sourd implanté cochléaire(2017), Lœvenbruck, Hélène, and Restauration des fonctions auditives et cognitives chez l'enfant sourd implanté cochléaire - - HearCog2017 - ANR-17-CE28-0006 - AAPG2017 - VALID
Subjects: [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract: International audience; Although cochlear implant improves deaf children’s speech intelligibility (Turgeon et al., 2017) the auditory information it provides remains degraded (Colin et al., 2017). To compensate for the degraded acoustic input some people use Cued French (CF) which supplements the auditory information with a manual cue (Hage & Leybaert, 2006). CF has been shown to improve auditory sentence processing (Leybaert & LaSasso, 2010) and to enhance speech perception (Hage & Leybaert, 2006). Few studies have focused on the contribution of CF to speech production, but CF has been shown to facilitate the implementation of phonological representations (Charlier & Leybaert, 2000). The present study explores the potential transfer of these phonological representations to speech production in CI children, and thus the possible benefit of CF to speech production.As part of an ongoing project on speech development in French (EULALIES, Meloni et al. 2017), we have collected speech data on 84 children with normal hearing (NH) and 17 children with cochlear implants (CI) between 27 and 144 months (Machart et al., 2019). We find a significant effect of the CF decoding level on the production of French phonemes in CI children, independently from the effect of chronological age. These results suggest that exposure to CF significantly improves speech production in CI children.To further assess this hypothesis, we study the impact of CF on articulatory precision in CI children. We recorded the lingual movements during the production of simple words. We are currently analyzing the production of 10 NH children, 9 CI children with a high CF decoding level and 9 CI children who have never been exposed to CF. We expect that CI children have a better representation of speech sounds when they benefit from CF, which results in more precise articulation and lingual configurations comparable to those of NH children.
Published: 2020

5. Which way to the dawn of speech? Reanalyzing half a century of debates and data in light of speech science

Author: Guillaume Captier, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Guillaume Barbier, Louis-Jean Boë, Joël Fagot, Thomas R. Sawallis, Jean-Louis Heim, Lucie Ménard, Pierre Badin, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA - Cognitive Robotics, Interactive Systems, & Speech Processing (GIPSA-CRISSP), School of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire d'Anatomie [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Center For Research on Brain, Language, and Music, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University (A*MIDEX), ANR-16-CONV-0002,ILCB,ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain(2016), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and Muséeum d'Histoire Naturelle
Subjects: History, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Reviews, Social Sciences, Review, Speech science, 03 medical and health sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, biology.animal, parasitic diseases, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Animals, Humans, Speech, Primate, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Reinterpretation, Cognitive science, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Communication, Research, fungi, Biological evolution, Models, Theoretical, Biological Evolution, Formant, Language evolution, sense organs, SciAdv reviews, Vocalization, Animal, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Fresh analysis of primate calls shows that speech dawned in monkeys some 100 times earlier than the appearance of modern humans., Recent articles on primate articulatory abilities are revolutionary regarding speech emergence, a crucial aspect of language evolution, by revealing a human-like system of proto-vowels in nonhuman primates and implicitly throughout our hominid ancestry. This article presents both a schematic history and the state of the art in primate vocalization research and its importance for speech emergence. Recent speech research advances allow more incisive comparison of phylogeny and ontogeny and also an illuminating reinterpretation of vintage primate vocalization data. This review produces three major findings. First, even among primates, laryngeal descent is not uniquely human. Second, laryngeal descent is not required to produce contrasting formant patterns in vocalizations. Third, living nonhuman primates produce vocalizations with contrasting formant patterns. Thus, evidence now overwhelmingly refutes the long-standing laryngeal descent theory, which pushes back “the dawn of speech” beyond ~200 ka ago to over ~20 Ma ago, a difference of two orders of magnitude.
Published: 2019
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6. Auditory and Somatosensory Interaction in Speech Perception in Children and Adults

Author: Trudeau-Fisette, Pamela, Vidou, Camille, Ito, Takayuki, Ménard, Lucie, Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Haskins Laboratories, and ITO, Takayuki
Subjects: [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

7. Transfer of sensorimotor learning reveals phoneme representations in preliterate children

Author: Amélie Rochet-Capellan, Pascal Perrier, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Silvain Gerber, Camille Vidou, Lucie Ménard, Tiphaine Caudrelier, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA-Services (GIPSA-Services), and European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014)
Subjects: Linguistics and Language, Speech production, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Transfer, Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Pronunciation, Language Development, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, Transfer of learning, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Literacy, Phonological awareness, Phonetics, Reading (process), Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Phonological development, Set (psychology), Child, media_common, Auditory feedback, Sensorimotor learning, Language Tests, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Adaptation, Physiological, Phoneme, Child, Preschool, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Speech Perception, Auditory perturbation, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; Reading acquisition is strongly intertwined with phoneme awareness that relies on implicit phoneme representations. We asked whether phoneme representations emerge before literacy. We recruited two groups of children, 4 to 5-year-old preschoolers (N = 29) and 7 to 8-year-old schoolchildren (N = 24), whose phonological awareness was evaluated, and one adult control group (N = 17). We altered speakers' auditory feedback in real time to elicit persisting pronunciation changes, referred to as auditory-motor adaptation or learning. Assessing the transfer of learning at phoneme level enabled us to investigate the developmental time-course of phoneme representations. Significant transfer at phoneme level occurred in preschoolers, as well as schoolchildren and adults. In addition, we found a relationship between auditory-motor adaptation and phonological awareness in both groups of children. Overall, these results suggest that phoneme representations emerge before literacy acquisition, and that these sensorimotor representations may set the ground for phonological awareness.
Published: 2019
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8. Effet du sexe, de l’âge et de la variété régionale sur l’établissement de valeurs normatives pour le protocole MonPaGe

Author: Fougeron, Cécile, Delvaux, Véronique, Ménard, Lucie, Pernon, Michaela, Lévêque, Nathalie, Borel, Stéphanie, Laganaro, Marina, LPP - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie - UMR 7018 (LPP), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Réhabilitation Chirurgicale mini-Invasive et Robotisée de l'Audition, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale (FAPSE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

9. Compensation for a lip-tube perturbation in 4-year-olds: Articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual data analyzed in comparison with adults

Author: Lucie Ménard, Pascal Perrier, Jérôme Aubin, Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), SSHRC and NIH, and PCMD/Gipsa-lab - Laboratoire de Phonétique de l'UQAM
Subjects: Motor equivalence, Male, Speech production, Sound Spectrography, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Child Behavior, Perturbation (astronomy), Speech synthesis, Audiology, computer.software_genre, 0302 clinical medicine, Speech Production Measurement, Feedback, Sensory, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Ultrasonography, media_common, Speech Acoustics, Speech development, 05 social sciences, Age Factors, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Phonetics, Child, Preschool, Female, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Voice Quality, Movement, Acoustics, media_common.quotation_subject, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, PACS: 4370Ep, 4370Mn, 4370Fq, 4370Bk, Tongue, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perception, medicine, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Speech Intelligibility, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Speech processing, Lip, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The nature of the speech goal in children was investigated in a study of compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation. Acoustic, articulatory, and perceptual analyses of the vowels /y/ and /u/ produced by ten 4-year-old French speakers and ten adult French speakers were conducted under two conditions: normal and with a large tube inserted between the lips. Ultrasound and acoustic recordings of isolated vowels were made in the normal condition before any perturbation, for each of the trials in the perturbed condition, and in the normal condition after the perturbed trials. Data revealed that adult participants moved their tongues in the perturbed condition more than children did. The perturbation was generally at least partly compensated for during the perturbed trials in adults, but children did not show a typical learning effect. In particular, unsystematic improvements were observed during the sequence of perturbed trials, and after-effects were not clear in the articulatory domain. This suggests that children may establish associative links between multisensory phonemic representations and articulatory maneuvers, but those links may mainly rely on trial-to-trial, error-based feedback correction mechanisms rather than on the internal model of the speech production apparatus, as they are in adults.
Published: 2016
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10. Hyper-articulation in Lombard speech: An active communicative strategy to enhance visible speech cues?

Author: Lucie Ménard, Boris Alexandre, Maëva Garnier, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Speech recognition, 01 natural sciences, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Tongue, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, Nonverbal Communication, Adaptation (computer science), 010301 acoustics, Audio signal, Modality (human–computer interaction), Speech Intelligibility, Visible Speech, Acoustics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Lombard effect, Adaptation, Physiological, Noise, QUIET, Female, Cues, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Articulation (phonetics)
Abstract: International audience; This study investigates the hypothesis that speakers make active use of the visual modality in production to improve their speech intelligibility in noisy conditions. Six native speakers of Canadian French produced speech in quiet conditions and in 85 dB of babble noise, in three situations: interacting face-to-face with the experimenter (AV), using the auditory modality only (AO), or reading aloud (NI, no interaction). The audio signal was recorded with the three-dimensional movements of their lips and tongue, using electromagnetic articulography. All the speakers reacted similarly to the presence vs absence of communicative interaction, showing significant speech modifications with noise exposure in both interactive and non-interactive conditions, not only for parameters directly related to voice intensity or for lip movements (very visible) but also for tongue movements (less visible); greater adaptation was observed in interactive conditions, though. However, speakers reacted differently to the availability or unavailability of visual information: only four speakers enhanced their visible articulatory movements more in the AV condition. These results support the idea that the Lombard effect is at least partly a listener-oriented adaptation. However, to clarify their speech in noisy conditions, only some speakers appear to make active use of the visual modality.
Published: 2018
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11. Speech adaptation to palatal perturbation:Evidence for sensorimotor reorganization across the workspace

Author: Shiller, Douglas M, Barbier, Guillaume, Ménard, Lucie, Baum, Shari, Barbier, Guillaume, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and School of Communication Sciences and Disorders
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, sense organs, [SCCO] Cognitive science, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract: International audience; Competent speakers demonstrate a high degree of precision in speech production, but also considerable plasticity in speech motor patterns in the attainment of speech goals. This plasticity is evident through adaptation to sensory perturbations, including physical manipulations that alter both auditory and somatosensory feedbacks. One such manipulation involves a palatal prosthesis, impacting in particular the production of fricatives such as /s/. Adaptation to such a perturbation is evident in the acoustic signal, however the underlying kinematic changes remain unclear. Here, we explored speech adaptation to a palatal prosthesis in 9 adult speakers by measuring tongue kinematics using electromagnetic articulography, in addition to acoustic measures, during the production of various vowel-consonant-vowel sequences. Acoustic analyses showed evidence of the perturbation, along with compensatory changes following 20 minutes of speech practice. Interestingly, effects were also observed in the vowels. Analysis of tongue kinematics confirmed the global nature of the effects, showing significant changes in the articulation of vowels and consonants. Furthermore, directional analyses indicate a degree of fine-tuning in motor adaptation. The findings indicate that even localized changes in palate shape induce complex compensatory changes across the articulatory workspace. The results are discussed in the context of current models of speech motor control.
Published: 2018

12. The MonPaGeHA Database for the Documentation of Spoken French Throughout Adulthood

Author: Fougeron, Cécile, Delvaux, Véronique, Ménard, Lucie, Laganaro, Marina, LPP - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie - UMR 7018 (LPP), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale (FAPSE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], and Fougeron, Cécile
Subjects: [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

13. Life-span changes in spoken French: a study on 400 speakers from 20 to 90 years old

Author: Fougeron, Cécile, Delvaux, Véronique, Ménard, Lucie, Laganaro, Marina, LPP - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie - UMR 7018 (LPP), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale (FAPSE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], and Fougeron, Cécile
Subjects: [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

14. Introducing two databases of spoken French throughout adulthood

Author: Fougeron, Cécile, Delvaux, Véronique, Gendrot, Cédric, Laganaro, Marina, Ménard, Lucie, Fougeron, Cécile, LPP - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie - UMR 7018 (LPP), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale (FAPSE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

15. Speech motor control in 4-year-old children : anticipation as an index of speech motor control maturity

Author: Barbier, Guillaume, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Grenoble Alpes, Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, and Yohan Payan
Subjects: Speech production, Contrôle moteur, Planification, Production de parole, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Speech motor control, Development, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Coarticulation anticipatoire, Speech planning, Ultrasound tongue imaging, Échographie linguale, Anticipatory coarticulation, Développement
Abstract: This thesis work investigates speech production in 4-year-old children, in comparison with adults, from a speech motor control perspective. It focuses on two indices: measures of token-to-token variability in the production of isolated vowels and on anticipatory intra and extra-syllabic coarticulation within V1-C-V2 sequences. Acoustic and articulatory data were recorded thanks to ultrasound tongue imaging within the HOCUS system. Acoustic data from 20 children and 10 adults have been analyzed. Ultrasound data have been analyzed from a subset of these participants: 6 children and 2 adults. In agreement with former studies, token-to-token variability was greater in children than in adults. Strong anticipation of V2 in V1 realization was found in all adults. In children, anticipation was not systematic, and when observed, it was of smaller amplitude than in adults. In more details, only 5 children among the 20 studied showed a small amount of anticipation, mainly along the antero-posterior dimension, manifested in the acoustic F2 dimension. Anticipatory intra-syllabic coarticulation also seems to be of smaller amplitude in children than in adults. Last, children's speech gestures are slower than those of adults. These results are interpreted as evidence for the immaturity of children's speech motor control from two perspectives: insufficiently stable motor control patterns for vowel production, and a lack of effectiveness in anticipating forthcoming gestures. In line with theories of optimal motor control, we assume that anticipatory coarticulation is based on the use of internal models, i.e. sensori-motor representations of the speech production apparatus in the central nervous system, and that the amplitude of anticipatory coarticulation reflects the increasing maturation of these sensori-motor representations as speech develops.; Ce travail de thèse étudie la production de la parole à l'âge de 4 ans, en comparaison avec l'adulte, sous l'angle du contrôle moteur. Un intérêt particulier a été porté à deux indices : la variabilité liée à la répétition de voyelles isolées et la coarticulation anticipatoire intra et extra-syllabique dans le cadre de la production de séquences de type V1-C-V2. Des données acoustiques et articulatoires ont été enregistrées via l'échographie linguale et le dispositif HOCUS. Les données acoustiques ont été analysées pour 20 enfants et 10 adultes et les données articulatoires ont été analysées pour 6 de ces enfants et 2 de ces adultes. En accord avec de nombreuses études de la littérature, la variabilité liée à la répétition est plus importante chez les enfants que chez les adultes. Une forte anticipation de V2 dans la réalisation de V1 a été observée pour tous les adultes. Chez les enfants, cette anticipation n'est pas systématique, et lorsqu'elle est observée, elle est d'amplitude plus faible que chez les adultes. Ainsi, seulement 5 enfants parmi les 20 étudiés montrent des signes d'anticipation, majoritairement dans la dimension antéropostérieure, manifestée dans l'espace acoustique par la dimension F2. La coarticulation anticipatoire intra-syllabique semble également être d'amplitude plus faible chez les enfants. Enfin, les gestes de parole des enfants sont plus lents que ceux des adultes. Dans leur ensemble, ces résultats sont interprétés comme la preuve de l'immaturité du système moteur pour la production de la parole chez l'enfant, selon deux perspectives : des patrons moteurs insuffisamment stables pour la production de gestes vocaliques et un manque d'efficacité dans l'anticipation les gestes futurs lors de la production d'une séquence de sons de parole. Selon une perspective empruntée aux théories du contrôle moteur optimal, nous proposons que la coarticulation anticipatoire repose sur l'usage de modèles internes, représentations sensori-motrices du système moteur de la parole dans le système nerveux central, et que son amplitude reflète la maturation progressive de ces représentations sensori-motrices à mesure que la production de la parole se développe.
Published: 2016

16. Chapitre 14. MonPaGe : un protocole informatisé d’évaluation de la parole pathologique en langue française

Author: Fougeron, Cécile, Delvaux, Véronique, Pernon, Michaela, Lévêque, Nathalie, Borel, Stéphanie, Pellet, Pauline, Bagou, Odile, Trouville, Roland, Ménard, Lucie, Catalano, Sabina, Lopez, Ursula, Antolík, Tanja Kocjančič, Laganaro, Marina, LPP - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie - UMR 7018 (LPP), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Réhabilitation Chirurgicale mini-Invasive et Robotisée de l'Audition, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale (FAPSE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Hôpitaux Universitaire de Genève, Institute of Phonetics, Charles University, Prague, Joyeux N. & Topouzkhanian S., and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

17. Contrôle de la production de la parole chez l’enfant de 4 ans : l'anticipation comme indice de maturité motrice

Author: Barbier, Guillaume, STAR, ABES, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Grenoble Alpes, Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, and Yohan Payan
Subjects: Speech production, Contrôle moteur, Planification, Production de parole, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Speech motor control, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Development, Coarticulation anticipatoire, Speech planning, Ultrasound tongue imaging, Échographie linguale, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, Anticipatory coarticulation, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Développement
Abstract: This thesis work investigates speech production in 4-year-old children, in comparison with adults, from a speech motor control perspective. It focuses on two indices: measures of token-to-token variability in the production of isolated vowels and on anticipatory intra and extra-syllabic coarticulation within V1-C-V2 sequences. Acoustic and articulatory data were recorded thanks to ultrasound tongue imaging within the HOCUS system. Acoustic data from 20 children and 10 adults have been analyzed. Ultrasound data have been analyzed from a subset of these participants: 6 children and 2 adults. In agreement with former studies, token-to-token variability was greater in children than in adults. Strong anticipation of V2 in V1 realization was found in all adults. In children, anticipation was not systematic, and when observed, it was of smaller amplitude than in adults. In more details, only 5 children among the 20 studied showed a small amount of anticipation, mainly along the antero-posterior dimension, manifested in the acoustic F2 dimension. Anticipatory intra-syllabic coarticulation also seems to be of smaller amplitude in children than in adults. Last, children's speech gestures are slower than those of adults. These results are interpreted as evidence for the immaturity of children's speech motor control from two perspectives: insufficiently stable motor control patterns for vowel production, and a lack of effectiveness in anticipating forthcoming gestures. In line with theories of optimal motor control, we assume that anticipatory coarticulation is based on the use of internal models, i.e. sensori-motor representations of the speech production apparatus in the central nervous system, and that the amplitude of anticipatory coarticulation reflects the increasing maturation of these sensori-motor representations as speech develops., Ce travail de thèse étudie la production de la parole à l'âge de 4 ans, en comparaison avec l'adulte, sous l'angle du contrôle moteur. Un intérêt particulier a été porté à deux indices : la variabilité liée à la répétition de voyelles isolées et la coarticulation anticipatoire intra et extra-syllabique dans le cadre de la production de séquences de type V1-C-V2. Des données acoustiques et articulatoires ont été enregistrées via l'échographie linguale et le dispositif HOCUS. Les données acoustiques ont été analysées pour 20 enfants et 10 adultes et les données articulatoires ont été analysées pour 6 de ces enfants et 2 de ces adultes. En accord avec de nombreuses études de la littérature, la variabilité liée à la répétition est plus importante chez les enfants que chez les adultes. Une forte anticipation de V2 dans la réalisation de V1 a été observée pour tous les adultes. Chez les enfants, cette anticipation n'est pas systématique, et lorsqu'elle est observée, elle est d'amplitude plus faible que chez les adultes. Ainsi, seulement 5 enfants parmi les 20 étudiés montrent des signes d'anticipation, majoritairement dans la dimension antéropostérieure, manifestée dans l'espace acoustique par la dimension F2. La coarticulation anticipatoire intra-syllabique semble également être d'amplitude plus faible chez les enfants. Enfin, les gestes de parole des enfants sont plus lents que ceux des adultes. Dans leur ensemble, ces résultats sont interprétés comme la preuve de l'immaturité du système moteur pour la production de la parole chez l'enfant, selon deux perspectives : des patrons moteurs insuffisamment stables pour la production de gestes vocaliques et un manque d'efficacité dans l'anticipation les gestes futurs lors de la production d'une séquence de sons de parole. Selon une perspective empruntée aux théories du contrôle moteur optimal, nous proposons que la coarticulation anticipatoire repose sur l'usage de modèles internes, représentations sensori-motrices du système moteur de la parole dans le système nerveux central, et que son amplitude reflète la maturation progressive de ces représentations sensori-motrices à mesure que la production de la parole se développe.
Published: 2016

18. Acquisition of serial order in speech production: An ultrasound study of typical 4-year-old Canadian French children

Author: Guillaume Barbier, Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, Yohan PAYAN, Mark Tiede, Joseph Perkell, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur (TIMC-IMAG-GMCAO), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Haskins Laboratories, Research Laboratory of Electronics [Cambridge] (RLE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), International Society for Motor Control, and Barbier, Guillaume
Subjects: speech production, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, education, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, development, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, speech motor control
Abstract: International audience; This study investigates the process by which young children learn to produce sequences of speech sounds in an adult-like manner. Learning to produce speech sounds requires precise motor control of several oro-facial muscles and the ability to link these motor activations both with articulatory movements in the vocal tract(via somatosensory feedback) and with acoustic realizations (via auditory feedback). During this first learning phase, a number of agonistic and antagonistic muscle synergisms aredeveloped. The acquisition of serial order in speech production implies, in addition to these skills,the ability to plan and execute sequences of motor commands with fine temporal coordination. In line with theories of optimal motor control, gesture planning is assumed to make use of neural representations (internal models) of the motor system in order to minimize some measure of cost in producing sequences of movements. In this framework, the efficiency of speech planning is considered to reflect the maturity of these neural representations.
Published: 2015

19. Production de parole chez l’enfant de 4 ans : données articulatoires et modélisation biomécanique de la langue, pistes et applications pour la rééducation orthophonique

Author: Guillaume Barbier, Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, Yohan PAYAN, Louis-Jean Boë, Guillaume Captier, Perrier, Pascal, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur (TIMC-IMAG-GMCAO), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire d'Anatomie [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), laboratoire Praxiling (CNRS UMR 5267, Université Paul-Valéry), Département Universitaire d’Orthophonie (Université Montpellier 1), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), CHU Gui de Chauliac de Montpellier, and Gipsa-lab - Laboratoire de Phonétique (UQAM) - TIMC-IMAG
Subjects: Ultrasound Imaging, Biomechanical Model, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Speech Development, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract: National audience; La morphologie de l’appareil vocal du jeune enfant est très différente de celle de l’adulte [1]. Il est donc important de caractériser les mouvements articulatoires des jeunes enfants dans leur espace, afin d’observer comment ils articulent les sons de parole et de mieux comprendre les troubles de l’articulation et d’aider à leur remédiation. L’imagerie ultrasonore linguale offre cette possibilité. Utilisée en phonétique théorique et clinique depuis quelques années, l’imagerie ultrasonore permet en effet de rendre visibles les mouvements de la langue et a déjà permis de mettre en évidence quelques caractéristiques de l’articulation de la parole chez des jeunes enfants par rapport aux adultes [2-4]. L’exploitation de ces données nécessite de notre point de vue, pour être complète, d’être interprétées à la lumière de modèles de production de la parole [5-6].Dans ce contexte, notre travail expérimental a permis d’évaluer la maturité du contrôle moteur de la production de la parole chez des enfants québécois francophones de 4 ans. Pour ce faire, des données acoustiques et articulatoires (ultrasonographie linguale dans le plan sagittal médian) des productions enfantines ont été recueillies, concernant des voyelles isolées et des séquences voyelle-consonne-voyelle. Ces données permettent : (1) d’étudier les réalisations acoustiques des productions enfantines, (2) de les caractériser articulatoirement, (3) de mesurer la variabilité associée à chaque phonème, et donc de renseigner sur la stabilité du contrôle, et (4) d’observer comment les enfants planifient et exécutent une séquence de phonèmes, nous renseignant sur la maturité du contrôle. La confrontation des prédictions d’un modèle de production avec les données expérimentales nécessite une modélisation satisfaisante des propriétés physiques du conduit vocal. Ceci passe selon nous par le développement d’un modèle biomécanique du conduit vocal prenant en compte des caractéristiques fondamentales telles que l’inertie et les contacts.Ce travail contribue ainsi à la construction du schéma développemental typique de la production de la parole. De nombreuses études se sont attachées à caractériser le développement précoce de cette faculté, mais peu d’études concernent son développement après la seconde année de vie. Or, ce développement est très progressif, et semble prendre fin tard durant l’adolescence [7]. Il parait donc indispensable d’étudier le développement de la production de parole, autant pour construire un schéma développemental typique que pour permettre la détection aussi précocement que possible de dysfonctionnements liés à cette fonction.En plus de ce volet expérimental, nous pensons que notre travail offre une nouvelle piste pour améliorer la lecture de ces données. Du fait qu’un modèle biomécanique intègre des principes généraux de génération de mouvement à partir de données morphologiques, on peut en effet penser que le recours à des modèles adaptés aux locuteurs permettra de comprendre les difficultés d’articulation de certains enfants, par des principes de simulation, sans avoir recours à une grande quantité de données expérimentales. Dans ce sens, un premier modèle a été proposé, qui a ensuite été adapté aux morphologies de huit enfants de 4 ans sur la base de données radiographiques.Références bibliographiques : [1] Barbier, G., Boë, L.-J. & Captier, G. (2012). Croissance du conduit vocal du fœtus à l'adulte : une étude longitudinale. Biométrie Humaine et Anthropologie, 30, 11-22.[2] Zharkova, N., Hewlett N. & Hardcastle, W. J. (2011). Coarticulation as an indicator of speech motor control development in children: An ultrasound study. Motor Control, 15, pp. 118–140.[3] Noiray, A., Ménard, L. & Iskarous, K. (2013). The development of motor synergies in children: Ultrasound and acoustic measurements. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 133, pp. 444-452.[4] Barbier, G., Perrier, P., Ménard, L., Payan, Y., Tiede, M. K. & Perkell, J. S. (2013). Speech planning as an index of speech motor control maturity. Proceedings of Interspeech, Lyon, France, pp. 1278-1282.[5] Tourville, J. A. & Guenther, F. H. (2011). The DIVA model: A neural theory of speech acquisition and production. Language and Cognitive Processes, 25, pp. 952-981.[6] Perrier P. (2014). « GEPPETO » : A target-based model of speech production including optimalk planning and physical modeling, Adventures in Speech Science, Tokyo, Japan. [7] Walsh, B. & Smith, A. (2002). Articulatory movements in adolescents: Evidence for protracted development of speech motor control processes, Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 45, pp. 1119–1133.
Published: 2015

20. Speech planning in 4-year-old children versus adults: Acoustic and articulatory analyses

Author: Joseph S. Perkell, Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, Mark Tiede, Guillaume Barbier, Yohan Payan, Barbier, Guillaume, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur (TIMC-IMAG-GMCAO), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Haskins Laboratories, Research Laboratory of Electronics [Cambridge] (RLE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and International Speech Communication Association
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Speech planning, Computer science, Speech recognition, 02 engineering and technology, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Vowel, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, coarticulation, Control (linguistics), Coarticulation, speech planning, speech production development, Motor control, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, speech motor control, Speech motor, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, 0305 other medical science, psychological phenomena and processes, Gesture
Abstract: International audience; This study investigates speech motor control in 4-year-old Canadian French children in comparison with adults. It focuses on measures of token-to-token variability in the production of isolated vowels and on anticipatory extra-syllabic coarticulation within V 1-C-V 2 sequences. Acoustic and ultrasound articulatory data were recorded. Acoustic data from 20 children and 10 adults have been analyzed. Thus far, ultrasound data have been analyzed from a subset of these participants: 6 children and 2 adults. In agreement with former studies, token-to-token variability was greater in children than in adults. Strong anticipation of V 2 in V 1 was found in all adults, but not in children. Most of the children showed no anticipation at all and some of them showed a small amount of anticipation along the antero-posterior dimension only, manifested in the acoustic F2 dimension. These results are interpreted as evidence for the immaturity of children's speech motor control from two perspectives: insufficiently stable motor control patterns for vowel production, and a lack of effectiveness in anticipating forthcoming gestures. In line with theories of optimal motor control, anticipatory coarticulation is assumed to be based on the use of internal models of the speech apparatus and the increasing maturation of these representations as speech develops.
Published: 2015

21. Perceptuo-motor biases in the perceptual organization of the height feature in French vowels

Author: Jean-Luc Schwartz, Lucie Ménard, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), and Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Acoustics and Ultrasonics, media_common.quotation_subject, Acoustics, Place of articulation, Space (commercial competition), [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Roundedness, Feature (linguistics), Perception, Vowel, Psychology, Music, Vocal tract, media_common, Cognitive psychology, Gesture
Abstract: A paraître dans Acta Acustica; International audience; This paper reports on the organization of the perceived vowel space in French. In a previous paper [28], we investigated the implementation of vocal height contrasts along the F1 dimension in French speakers. In this paper, we present results from perceptual identification tests performed by twelve participants who took part in the production experiment reported in the earlier paper. For each subject, stimuli presented in the identification test were synthesized in two different vowel spaces, corresponding to two different vocal tract lengths. The results showed that first, the perceived French vowels belonging to similar height degrees were aligned on stable F1 values, independent of place of articulation and roundedness, as was the case for produced vowels. Second, the produced F1 distances between height degrees correlated with the perceived F1 distances. This suggests that there is a link between perceptual and motor phonemic prototypes in the human brain. The results are discussed using the framework of the Perception for Action Control (PACT) theory, in which speech units are considered to be gestures shaped by perceptual processes.
Published: 2014
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22. Speech planning as an index of speech motor control maturity

Author: Pascal Perrier, Joseph S. Perkell, Mark Tiede, Yohan Payan, Lucie Ménard, Guillaume Barbier, GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur (TIMC-IMAG-GMCAO), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Haskins Laboratories, Research Laboratory of Electronics [Cambridge] (RLE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), FQRNT project N° 147877 (Lucie Ménard), ANR project ANR-08-BLAN-0272 (Pascal Perrier), International Speech Communication Association, GIPSA-lab - Laboratoire de Phonétique de Montréal - TIMC-IMAG, and Perrier, Pascal
Subjects: Speech production, medicine.medical_specialty, Computer science, Speech production development, Speech recognition, education, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Speech motor control, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Vowel, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Coarticulation, Motor theory of speech perception, Motor control, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Co-articulation, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Speech planning, Neurocomputational speech processing, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, Speech motor, 0305 other medical science, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, psychological phenomena and processes, Gesture
Abstract: International audience; This paper investigates speech motor control maturity in 4-year-old Canadian French children. Acoustic and ultrasound data recorded from four children, and for comparison, from four adults, are presented and analyzed. Maturity of speech motor control is assessed by measuring two characteristics: token-to-token variability of isolated vowels, as a measure of motor control accuracy, and extra-syllabic anticipatory coarticulation within V1-C-V2 sequences. In line with theories of optimal motor control, anticipatory coarticulation is assumed to be based on the use of internal models of the speech apparatus and its efficiency is considered to reflect the maturity of these representations. In agreement with former studies, token-to-token variability is larger in children than in adults. An anticipation of V2 in V1 was found in all adults but in none of the children studied so far. These results indicate that children's speech motor control is immature from two perspectives: insufficiently accurate motor control patterns for vowel production, and inability to anticipate forthcoming gestures. Both aspects are discussed and interpreted in the context of the immaturity of the internal representations of the speech motor apparatus in 4-year-old children.
Published: 2013

23. What is that little voice inside my head? Inner speech phenomenology, its role in cognitive performance, and its relation to self-monitoring

Author: Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti, Monica Baciu, Hélène Lœvenbruck, Lucile Rapin, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Perrone-Bertolotti, Marcela
Subjects: inner speech inner voice, Consciousness, media_common.quotation_subject, Language and thought, Thinking, Behavioral Neuroscience, Cognition, Mind-wandering, medicine, Humans, verbal thoughts, media_common, Language, Motor theory of speech perception, Communication, Auditory hallucination, business.industry, Verbal Behavior, Internal monologue, Brain, auditory verbal hallucination, Self-control, silent reading, inner signing, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, inner speech monitoring, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, medicine.symptom, Psychology, business, verbal mind wandering, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; The little voice inside our head, or inner speech, is a common everyday experience. It plays a central role in human consciousness at the interplay of language and thought. An impressive host of research works has been carried out on inner speech these last fifty years. Here we first describe the phenomenology of inner speech by examining five issues: common behavioural and cerebral correlates with overt speech, different types of inner speech (wilful verbal thought generation and verbal mind wandering), presence of inner speech in reading and in writing, inner signing and voice-hallucinations in deaf people. Secondly, we review the role of inner speech in cognitive performance (i.e., enhancement vs. perturbation). Finally, we consider agency in inner speech and how our inner voice is known to be self-generated and not produced by someone else.
Published: 2013
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24. Token-to-token variability and anticipatory coarticulation as indicators of maturity of speech motor control in 4-year-old children

Author: Joseph S. Perkell, Pascal Perrier, Mark Tiede, Lucie Ménard, Guillaume Barbier, GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Haskins Laboratories, Research Laboratory of Electronics [Cambridge] (RLE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), ANR-08-BLAN- 0272 & Projet FQRNT N° 147877 (Canada), Laboratoire de Phonétique de Montréal - Gipsa-lab - TIMC, and Perrier, Pascal
Subjects: Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Acoustics, Sensory system, Context (language use), Security token, behavioral disciplines and activities, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Vowel, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Control (linguistics), Coarticulation, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Speech Development, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Speech Motor Control, Neurocomputational speech processing, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognitive psychology, Gesture
Abstract: International audience; Children's gestures do not appear to be executed with the same dexterity as adults'. Studies of arm movements have shown that young children's gestures are less accurate, more variable and slower than those of adults. This difference in behavior can be explained by a lack of experience with the sensory consequences of motor acts and still-developing forward models for the control of those acts. The hypothesis of immature and incomplete sensori-motor representations for speech in 4-year-old native speakers of Canadian French is addressed here through the analysis of ultrasound recordings of tongue contour kinematics and the speech signal from a corpus of isolated vowels and vowelconsonant- vowel sequences. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of vowel variability from two perspectives. Variability across repetitions in a single context provides information about the accuracy of the control. Contextual variability provides insights into the planning process as reflected in anticipatory coarticulation. Analysis of the observed lingual gestures will lead to improved understanding of the development of speech motor control and refinement of sensori-motor representations of speech.
Published: 2013

25. Anatomy and control of the developing human vocal tract: A response to Lieberman

Author: Louis-Jean Boë, Lucie Ménard, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Barbara L. Davis, Peter F. MacNeilage, Pierre Badin, Thomas R. Sawallis, Guillaume Captier, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire d'Anatomie [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders (DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCES & DISORDERS), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Psychology, Department of Psychology [Austin] (University of Texas), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], New College [Tuscaloosa], University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and European Project: 44632,HANDTOMOUTH
Subjects: Linguistics and Language, Place of articulation, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Perspective (graphical), Object (grammar), Anatomy, Manner of articulation, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Formant, Extension (metaphysics), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Control (linguistics), Vocal tract
Abstract: International audience; Since Lieberman and Crelin (1971), the question of vocal tract abilities and the link between anatomy and control has been the object of a number of conflicting papers. Part of the debate concerns the acoustic possibilities of the Variable Linear Articulatory Model (VLAM), an articulatory model that has provided the foundation of our own work for many years. VLAM is considered by Lieberman and some others as misleading because of its supposed overestimation of phonetic capabilities of human newborns. In this paper, we compare the VLAM simulations between 0 and 5 years with acoustic data on infant and child vocalizations from a number of studies in the literature. We show that the agreement is globally quite good, with no hint of overestimation above the age of 6 months for first formant and 15 months for second formant, while on the contrary simulations assessing the hypothetical role of proportions in an angled vocal tract with another model clearly diverge from ground truth child data. We conclude that limitations in infancy are a matter of control rather than anatomy. Then we lay a framework to situate "efficient acoustic modulation" within speech communication in general. We propose that the Frame-Content (FC) Theory by MacNeilage and Davis (2000) provides the basis of a vertical first component of a "principle of efficient modulation," giving birth to manner of articulation. We further propose that constriction control is the basis of the horizontal second component of efficient modulation, giving birth to place of articulation. These linked components provide a valid foundation for exploring the development of human vocal tract anatomy and control, now in two dimensions. We close by summarizing our own perspective on the possible role of swallowing in the evolution of this control, as a possible extension of the role of mastication in FC.
Published: 2013
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26. Repetition suppression for speech processing in the associative occipital and parietal cortex of congenitally blind adults

Author: Vincent L. Gracco, Marc Sato, Laureline Arnaud, Lucie Ménard, School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: Male, Anatomy and Physiology, Neural substrate, Visual System, Sensory Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Blindness, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Parietal Lobe, Neural Pathways, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, lcsh:Science, media_common, Temporal cortex, Multidisciplinary, 05 social sciences, fMRI, Parietal lobe, Middle Aged, Sensory Systems, Auditory System, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Sensory Perception, Occipital Lobe, Research Article, Nervous System Physiology, Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, Posterior parietal cortex, Neuroimaging, Biology, 050105 experimental psychology, Neurological System, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Perception, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sensory deprivation, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, lcsh:R, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Speech processing, lcsh:Q, Sensory Deprivation, Occipital lobe, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; In the congenitally blind (CB), sensory deprivation results in cross-modal plasticity, with visual cortical activity observed for various auditory tasks. This reorganization has been associated with enhanced auditory abilities and the recruitment of visual brain areas during sound and language processing. The questions we addressed are whether visual cortical activity might also be observed in CB during passive listening to auditory speech and whether cross-modal plasticity is associated with adaptive differences in neuronal populations compared to sighted individuals (SI). We focused on the neural substrate of vowel processing in CB and SI adults using a repetition suppression (RS) paradigm. RS has been associated with enhanced or accelerated neural processing efficiency and synchronous activity between interacting brain regions. We evaluated whether cortical areas in CB were sensitive to RS during repeated vowel processing and whether there were differences across the two groups. In accordance with previous studies, both groups displayed a RS effect in the posterior temporal cortex. In the blind, however, additional occipital, temporal and parietal cortical regions were associated with predictive processing of repeated vowel sounds. The findings suggest a more expanded role for cross-modal compensatory effects in blind persons during sound and speech processing and a functional transfer of specific adaptive properties across neural regions as a consequence of sensory deprivation at birth.
Published: 2012
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27. Contrôle lingual en production de parole chez l'enfant de 4 ans : une méthodologie associant étude articulatoire et modélisation biomécanique

Author: Barbier, Guillaume, Perrier, Pascal, Ménard, Lucie, Boë, Louis-Jean, GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), ANR Skullspeech, FNRC, MAGIC/Gipsa-lab, PCMD/Gipsa-lab, Laboratoire de Phonétique UQAM, Montréal, ANR-08-BLAN-0272,SkullSpeech,Acquisition et contrôle articulatoire de la parole, croissance de l'extrémité céphalique du nouveau-né jusqu'à l'âge adulte(2008), Perrier, Pascal, and Blanc - Acquisition et contrôle articulatoire de la parole, croissance de l'extrémité céphalique du nouveau-né jusqu'à l'âge adulte - - SkullSpeech2008 - ANR-08-BLAN-0272 - BLANC - VALID
Subjects: Speech production, modèle biomécanique de langue, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, ultrasound tongue imaging, Production de parole, [SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, échographie linguale, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, speech motor control, biomechanical tongue model, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, development, contrôle moteur, développement
Abstract: An original methodology is proposed for the study of the emergence of speech motor control in 4-years-old children. We combine the results of an analysis of an articulatory and acoustic speech corpus containing isolated vowels and vowel-consonant-vowel sequences with simulations obtained using a two-dimensional biomechanical model of the vocal tract. The analysis of the variability of vowels across repetitions in a single context provides information on the accuracy of the control. The analysis of the contextual variability gives insights into the planning process used in the production of anticipatory coarticulation. Finally, the linking of data and results obtained with the biomechanical model enables to infer patterns of motor commands for the main sounds and sequences of sounds. Preliminary results are presented., Une méthodologie originale est proposée pour l'étude de l'émergence du contrôle moteur de la parole chez l'enfant de 4 ans. Nous associons les résultats d'une analyse articulatoire et acoustique d'un corpus de parole contenant voyelles isolées et séquences voyelle-consonnes-voyelle à des simulations obtenues avec un modèle biomécanique bi-dimensionnel du conduit vocal. L'analyse de la variabilité des réalisations vocaliques d'une répétition à une autre dans un même contexte renseigne sur la précision du contrôle. L'analyse de la variabilité contextuelle renseigne sur les processus de planification mis en œuvre dans la production de la coarticulation anticipatoire. Enfin, la mise en relation des données et des résultats obtenus avec le modèle biomécanique permet d'inférer des patrons de commandes motrices pour les principaux sons et les séquences associant ces sons. Des résultats préliminaires sont présentés.
Published: 2012

28. Effect of being seen on the production of visible speech cues. A pilot study on Lombard speech

Author: Garnier, Maëva, Ménard, Lucie, Richard, Gabrielle, Garnier, Maëva, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 02 engineering and technology, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging
Abstract: International audience; Speech produced in noise (or Lombard speech) is characterized by increased vocal effort, but also by amplified lip gestures. The current study examines whether this enhancement of visible speech cues may be sought by the speaker, even unconsciously, in order to improve his visual intelligibility. One subject played an interactive game in a quiet situation and then in 85dB of cocktail-party noise, for three conditions of interaction: without interaction, in face-to-face interaction, and in a situation of audio interaction only. The audio signal was recorded simultaneously with articulatory movements, using 3D electromagnetic articulography. The results showed that acoustic modifications of speech in noise were greater when the interlocutor could not see the speaker. Furthermore, tongue movements that are hardly visible were not particularly amplified in noise. Lip movements that are very visible were not more enhanced in noise when the interlocutors could see each other. Actually, they were more enhanced in the situation of audio interaction only. These results support the idea that this speaker did not make use of the visual channel to improve his intelligibility, and that his hyper articulation was just an indirect correlate of increased vocal effort.
Published: 2012

29. Four-year-old children's speech production: Biomechanical modeling of the tongue, ultrasound tongue imaging and speech motor control

Author: Barbier, Guillaume, Perrier, Pascal, Ménard, Lucie, Louis-Jean Boe, Captier, Guillaume, Barbier, Guillaume, GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Laboratoire d'Anatomie [CHU Montpellier], and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO] Cognitive science, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

30. Compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation of French [u]: an acoustic and perceptual study of 4-year-old children

Author: Pascal Perrier, Jéro^me Aubin, Lucie Ménard, Mélanie Thibeault, Christophe Savariaux, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Acoustique, Aéroacoustique, Biomécanique et Contrôle (GIPSA-AABC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA-Services (GIPSA-Services), and FQRS & NSERC, Canada
Subjects: Adult, Motor equivalence, medicine.medical_specialty, Sound Spectrography, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, media_common.quotation_subject, Perturbation (astronomy), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Classical Physics, Audiology, 01 natural sciences, behavioral disciplines and activities, Speech Acoustics, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Speech Production Measurement, Phonetics, Vowel, Perception, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, Learning, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, PACS numbers: 43.70.Ep, 43.70.Mn, 43.70.Fq, 43.70.Bk, 010301 acoustics, media_common, Mathematics, Language, Speech production, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Speech perturbation, Speech development, Classical Physics (physics.class-ph), [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Adaptation, Physiological, Lip, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Child, Preschool, Speech Perception, France, 0305 other medical science, Perceptual study, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract: The relations between production and perception in 4-year-old children were examined in a study of compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation. Acoustic and perceptual analyses of the rounded vowel [u] produced by twelve 4-year-old French speakers were conducted under two conditions: normal and with a 15-mm-diameter tube inserted between the lips. Recordings of isolated vowels were made in the normal condition before any perturbation (N1), immediately upon insertion of the tube and for the next 19 trials in this perturbed condition, with (P2) or without articulatory instructions (P1), and in the normal condition after the perturbed trials (N2). The results of the acoustic analyses reveal speaker-dependent alterations of F1, F2, and/or F0 in the perturbed conditions and after the removal of the tube. For some subjects, the presence of the tube resulted in very little change; for others, an increase in F2 was observed in P1, which was generally reduced in some of the 20 repetitions, but not systematically and not continuously. The use of articulatory instructions provided in the P2 condition was detrimental to the achievement of a good acoustic target. Perceptual data are used to determine optimal combinations of F0, F1, and F2 (in Bark) related to these patterns. The data are compared to a previous study conducted with adults [Savariaux et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 381-393 (1999)]., 15 pages
Published: 2008
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31. Articulatory and acoustic correlates of contrastive focus in French children and adults

Author: Ménard, Lucie, Loevenbruck, Hélène, Savariaux, Christophe, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut de la communication parlée (ICP), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3, J. Harrington & M. Tabain, and Lœvenbruck, Hélène
Subjects: contrastive focus in French, speech production, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, behavioral disciplines and activities, video monitoring, suivi vidéo, développement du langage, production de la parole, mesures acoustiques, acoustic measurements, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, psychological phenomena and processes, language development, focalisation contrastive en français
Abstract: This chapter deals with the articulatory and acoustic correlates of contrastive focus in French, in children and adults. Ten speakers (three 4-year-old, three 8-year-old children, and four adult males and females) were recorded while producing repetitions of the [baba] sequence in two prosodic contexts: in neutral condition and under contrastive focus. The opening (from the consonant into the vowel) lip gestures were video-recorded and monitored using the ICP tracking system. Lip area and its first derivative were described under both prosodic conditions, in the first and second [ba] syllables. Analyses of formant frequencies and RMS amplitude were also carried out on the acoustic signal. Results show that the effect of contrastive focus on articulatory measurements is smaller for children compared to adults. Results are discussed with respect to motor control development during childhood.
Published: 2006

32. A study of articulatory and acoustic correlates of contrastive emphasis in French children and adults

Author: Ménard, Lucie, Loevenbruck, Hélène, Savariaux, Christophe, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut de la communication parlée (ICP), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3, and Lœvenbruck, Hélène
Subjects: [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Published: 2005

33. Auditory normalization of French vowels synthesized by an articulatory model simulating growth from birth to adulthood

Author: Louis-Jean Boë, Sonia Kandel, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Lucie Ménard, Nathalie Vallée, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut de la communication parlée (ICP), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Adult, Male, Normalization (statistics), Speech production, Sound Spectrography, Speech perception, Adolescent, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Speech recognition, media_common.quotation_subject, Acoustics, Place of articulation, Roundedness, 01 natural sciences, Speech Acoustics, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Phonetics, Reference Values, Perception, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, 010301 acoustics, Language, Mathematics, media_common, Psycholinguistics, Formant, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Speech Perception, Female, 0305 other medical science
Abstract: International audience; The present article aims at exploring the invariant parameters involved in the perceptual normalization of French vowels. A set of 490 stimuli, including the ten French vowels /i y u e ø o E oe (inverted c) a/ produced by an articulatory model, simulating seven growth stages and seven fundamental frequency values, has been submitted as a perceptual identification test to 43 subjects. The results confirm the important effect of the tonality distance between F1 and f0 in perceived height. It does not seem, however, that height perception involves a binary organization determined by the 3-3.5-Bark critical distance. Regarding place of articulation, the tonotopic distance between F1 and F2 appears to be the best predictor of the perceived front-back dimension. Nevertheless, the role of the difference between F2 and F3 remains important. Roundedness is also examined and correlated to the effective second formant, involving spectral integration of higher formants within the 3.5-Bark critical distance. The results shed light on the issue of perceptual invariance, and can be interpreted as perceptual constraints imposed on speech production.
Published: 2002

34. The role of auditory feedback in speech development: A study of compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation

Author: Pascal Perrier, Lucie Ménard, Jéro^me Aubin, Laboratoire de Phonétique, Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), GIPSA - Machines parlantes, Gestes oro-faciaux, Interaction Face-à-face, Communication augmentée (GIPSA-MAGIC), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), SSHRC grant and NSERC grant to Lucie Ménard, Laboratoire de Phonétique de Montréal - Gipsa-lab, and Perrier, Pascal
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Speech production, Speech perception, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Acoustics, media_common.quotation_subject, Perturbation (astronomy), Audiology, Somatosensory system, 01 natural sciences, behavioral disciplines and activities, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Speech Production, Tongue, Perception, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, 010301 acoustics, media_common, Auditory feedback, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Speech Development, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Speech development, Speech Perception, [SCCO.LING] Cognitive science/Linguistics, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The role of auditory feedback in speech development was investigated through a study of compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation. Acoustic, articulatory, and perceptual analyses of the vowels /i/, /y/, and /u/ produced by ten 4-year-old French speakers and ten adult French speakers were conducted under two conditions: normal and with a 15-mm-diameter tube (for /y/ and /u/) or a 5-mm-diameter tube (for /i/) inserted between the lips. Ultrasound and acoustic recordings of isolated vowels were made in normal condition before any perturbation (N1), for each of the 20 trials in the perturbed condition (P), and in normal condition after the perturbed trials (N2). Data reveal that adult participants moved their tongue in the P condition more than children subjects, to compensate for F1 and F2 alteration induced by the tube. Except for /y/, the perturbation was generally at least partly compensated during the perturbed trials in adults and children, but children did not show a typical learning effect. Results are analyzed from the perspective of (i) goal specification in speech production in the acoustic and/or somatosensory domain, and (ii) the maturity of representations of the motor apparatus in the brain.
Published: 2013
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35. Skull and vocal tract growth from newborn to adult

Author: Louis-Jean Boë, Jean Granat, Pierre Badin, Denis Autesserre, David Pochic, Nassim Zga, Nathalie Henrich Bernardoni, Lucie Ménard, GIPSA - Parole, Multimodalité, Développement (GIPSA-PMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), GIPSA - Machines Parlantes, Agents Communicants & Interaction Face-à-face (GIPSA-MPACIF), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA - Acoustique, Aéroacoustique, Biomécanique et Contrôle (GIPSA-AABC), Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), J. Trouvain & W.J. Barry, Institut de la communication parlée (ICP), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'acoustique musicale (LAM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LIMSI), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Départ. Linguistique et Didactique des Langues, Yehia, Hani Camille, Demolin, Didier, Laboissière, Rafael, Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)
Subjects: [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Voix, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; The objective of this work is twofold. First, a model of the vocal tract is positioned into the bony architecture of the male and female skulls from birth to adulthood. Second, vowel spaces are determined and vowel prototypes, for the cardinal vowels, are synthesized using a simulation of the laryngeal source. Results of this modeling study during ontogeny allow for a better understanding of speech acquisition processes in infants and vocal tract reconstruction of fossils' Hominids. New hypotheses with regard to the emergence of speech can also be proposed.

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35 results on '"Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal]"'

1. Speakers are able to categorize vowels based on tongue somatosensation

2. L’émergence de la parole : la piste des vocalisations de singes

3. Influence of French Cued Speech on consonant production in children with cochlear implants: an ultrasound study

4. Influence of French Cued Speech on speech production in children with cochlear implants

5. Which way to the dawn of speech? Reanalyzing half a century of debates and data in light of speech science

6. Auditory and Somatosensory Interaction in Speech Perception in Children and Adults

7. Transfer of sensorimotor learning reveals phoneme representations in preliterate children

8. Effet du sexe, de l’âge et de la variété régionale sur l’établissement de valeurs normatives pour le protocole MonPaGe

9. Compensation for a lip-tube perturbation in 4-year-olds: Articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual data analyzed in comparison with adults

10. Hyper-articulation in Lombard speech: An active communicative strategy to enhance visible speech cues?

11. Speech adaptation to palatal perturbation:Evidence for sensorimotor reorganization across the workspace

12. The MonPaGeHA Database for the Documentation of Spoken French Throughout Adulthood

13. Life-span changes in spoken French: a study on 400 speakers from 20 to 90 years old

14. Introducing two databases of spoken French throughout adulthood

15. Speech motor control in 4-year-old children : anticipation as an index of speech motor control maturity

16. Chapitre 14. MonPaGe : un protocole informatisé d’évaluation de la parole pathologique en langue française

17. Contrôle de la production de la parole chez l’enfant de 4 ans : l'anticipation comme indice de maturité motrice

18. Acquisition of serial order in speech production: An ultrasound study of typical 4-year-old Canadian French children

19. Production de parole chez l’enfant de 4 ans : données articulatoires et modélisation biomécanique de la langue, pistes et applications pour la rééducation orthophonique

20. Speech planning in 4-year-old children versus adults: Acoustic and articulatory analyses

21. Perceptuo-motor biases in the perceptual organization of the height feature in French vowels

22. Speech planning as an index of speech motor control maturity

23. What is that little voice inside my head? Inner speech phenomenology, its role in cognitive performance, and its relation to self-monitoring

24. Token-to-token variability and anticipatory coarticulation as indicators of maturity of speech motor control in 4-year-old children

25. Anatomy and control of the developing human vocal tract: A response to Lieberman

26. Repetition suppression for speech processing in the associative occipital and parietal cortex of congenitally blind adults

27. Contrôle lingual en production de parole chez l'enfant de 4 ans : une méthodologie associant étude articulatoire et modélisation biomécanique

28. Effect of being seen on the production of visible speech cues. A pilot study on Lombard speech

29. Four-year-old children's speech production: Biomechanical modeling of the tongue, ultrasound tongue imaging and speech motor control

30. Compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation of French [u]: an acoustic and perceptual study of 4-year-old children

31. Articulatory and acoustic correlates of contrastive focus in French children and adults

32. A study of articulatory and acoustic correlates of contrastive emphasis in French children and adults

33. Auditory normalization of French vowels synthesized by an articulatory model simulating growth from birth to adulthood

34. The role of auditory feedback in speech development: A study of compensation strategies for a lip-tube perturbation

35. Skull and vocal tract growth from newborn to adult

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35 results on '"Laboratoire de Phonétique [Montréal]"'

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