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Your search keyword '"Labus, J. S."' showing total 29 results
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29 results on '"Labus, J. S."'

17. The effect of the GLP-1 analogue Exenatide on functional connectivity within an NTS-based network in women with and without obesity

Author

Coveleskie, K., Kilpatrick, L. A., Gupta, A., Stains, J., Connolly, L., Labus, J. S., Sanmiguel, C., and Mayer, E. A.

Subjects
obesity, nervous system, Brain, Original Article, Original Articles, GLP‐1, hunger
Abstract

Summary Objective The differential effect of GLP‐1 agonist Exenatide on functional connectivity of the nucleus tractus solitaries (NTS), a key region associated with homeostasis, and on appetite‐related behaviours was investigated in women with normal weight compared with women with obesity. Methods Following an 8‐h fast, 19 female subjects (11 lean, 8 obese) participated in a 2‐d double blind crossover study. Subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging at fast and 30‐min post subcutaneous injection of 5 μg of Exenatide or placebo. Functional connectivity was examined with the NTS. Drug‐induced functional connectivity changes within and between groups and correlations with appetite measures were examined in a region of interest approach focusing on the thalamus and hypothalamus. Results Women with obesity reported less hunger after drug injection. Exenatide administration increased functional connectivity of the left NTS with the left thalamus and hypothalamus in the obese group only and increased the correlation between NTS functional connectivity and hunger scores in all subjects, but more so in the obese. Conclusions Obesity can impact the effects of Exenatide on brain connectivity, specifically in the NTS and is linked to changes in appetite control. This has implications for the use of GLP‐1 analogues in therapeutic interventions.

Published
2017

19. Cover Image

Author

Gupta, A., primary, Cole, S., additional, Labus, J. S., additional, Joshi, S., additional, Nguyen, T. J., additional, Kilpatrick, L. A., additional, Tillisch, K., additional, Naliboff, B. D., additional, Chang, L., additional, and Mayer, E. A., additional

Published
2017
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25. Acute tryptophan depletion alters the effective connectivity of emotional arousal circuitry during visceral stimuli in healthy women

Author

Labus, J. S., Mayer, E. A., Jarcho, J., Kilpatrick, L. A., Kilkens, T. O. C., Evers, E. A. T., Backes, W. H., Brummer, Robert Jan, van Nieuwenhoven, Michiel A, Labus, J. S., Mayer, E. A., Jarcho, J., Kilpatrick, L. A., Kilkens, T. O. C., Evers, E. A. T., Backes, W. H., Brummer, Robert Jan, and van Nieuwenhoven, Michiel A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Alterations in serotonin signalling within the brain-gut axis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and is a treatment target. Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) decreases brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) levels, and increases visceral perception and negative emotional bias in patients with IBS. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ATD on brain activity and connectivity during visceral stimuli in healthy women, and to compare the ATD-induced brain connectivity of an arousal circuit in female patients with IBS without ATD. METHODS: 12 healthy females (19-25 years) were studied under placebo (PLA) conditions and ATD. Functional MRI measurements were performed during a rectal barostat protocol, consisting of random non-painful and maximal tolerable distensions. Partial least squares analyses and structural equation modelling were used to evaluate the effect of ATD on functional and effective brain connectivity during distension. Results in healthy controls under ATD were compared with the effective connectivity of brain responses to 45 mm Hg rectal distension in 14 female patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) (24-50 years). RESULTS: In healthy controls, ATD resulted in increased response of an extensive brain network to balloon distension, including the amygdala and nodes of emotional arousal and homeostatic afferent networks. The effect was greater during high inflation, suggesting greater engagement of the central serotonion system with more aversive visceral stimuli. Effective connectivity analysis revealed a profound effect of ATD on coupling between emotional arousal network nodes, resulting in loss of negative feedback inhibition of the amygdala. A near-identical pattern was identified in the patients with IBS-C. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are consistent with an ATD-induced disinhibition of and increased connectivity within an emotional arousal network during aversive s, Funding Agency:Profileringsfonds University Hospital Maastricht

Published
2011
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27. Reduced Brainstem Inhibition during Anticipated Pelvic Visceral Pain Correlates with Enhanced Brain Response to the Visceral Stimulus in Women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Author

Berman, S. M., primary, Naliboff, B. D., additional, Suyenobu, B., additional, Labus, J. S., additional, Stains, J., additional, Ohning, G., additional, Kilpatrick, L., additional, Bueller, J. A., additional, Ruby, K., additional, Jarcho, J., additional, and Mayer, E. A., additional

Published
2008
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28. Visceral Sensitivity Index

Author

Labus, J. S., primary, Bolus, R., additional, Chang, L., additional, Wiklund, I., additional, Naesdal, J., additional, Mayer, E. A., additional, and Naliboff, B. D., additional

Published
2004
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29. Sex-related differences in prepulse inhibition of startle in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Author

Kilpatrick LA, Ornitz E, Ibrahimovic H, Treanor M, Craske M, Nazarian M, Labus JS, Mayer EA, and Naliboff BD

Subjects
Acoustic Stimulation adverse effects, Analysis of Variance, Electrocardiography methods, Electromyography methods, Female, Humans, Male, Menstruation physiology, Psychoacoustics, Severity of Illness Index, Inhibition, Psychological, Irritable Bowel Syndrome physiopathology, Irritable Bowel Syndrome psychology, Reflex, Startle physiology, Sex Characteristics
Abstract

Alterations in central networks involved in the regulation of arousal, attention, and cognition may be critical for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptom maintenance and exacerbation. Differential sensitivities in these networks may underlie sex differences noted in IBS. The current study examined prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating, in male and female IBS patients. Relationships between PPI and symptom severity were examined, as well as potential menstrual status effects. Compared to healthy controls, male IBS patients had significantly reduced PPI; whereas female IBS patients (particularly naturally cycling women) had significantly enhanced PPI suggesting hypervigilance. Considering previously demonstrated sex-related differences in perceptual and brain imaging findings in IBS patients, the current findings suggest that different neurobiological mechanisms underlie symptom presentation in male and female IBS patients. Compromised filtering of information in male IBS patients may be due to compromised top down (prefrontal, midcingulate) control mechanisms while increased attention to threat due to increased limbic and paralimbic circuits may be characteristic of female IBS patients., (Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2010
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