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Copyright of Revista Chilena de Pediatría is the property of Revista Chilena de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Almost 90% of traumatic injuries to the craniofacial massif involve the eye sockets, and a large proportion of these injuries generate sequelae, such as post-traumatic enophthalmos and dystopia. The literature contains numerous references to surgical techniques for the correction of these sequelae and diverse materials for orbital reconstruction after trauma. However, few of them have been designed to restore the original anatomy of the orbital floor. For that reason, it is important to develop a simple and effective technique for correcting orbital damage. The present article describes the use of a new surgical technique for the management of the sequelae mentioned using a tiered skull graft on the floor of the orbit. It is an excellent option for graft placement because of its low resorption rate and minimal adverse reactions. Patients. Four patients (1 woman, 3 men), average age 23 years (range 17-27 years) and history of facial trauma with orbital involvement were treated between 2004 and 2007 at the Hospital Central de la Policía Nacional and Hospital El Tunal (Bogotá, Colombia). All of them authorized the procedure by signing an informed consent form. The tiered graft technique was used for the post-traumatic correction of enophthalmos and dystopia. Results with a follow-up time of 11 to 42 weeks are reported. Results. All the patients exhibited a reduction in the eye socket and symmetrical projection of the eyeball in anteroposterior and vertical direction, as well as complete improvement of the diplopia after the tiered skull graft was used to repair the orbital floor. Conclusion. The technique is simple and inexpensive, with minimal morbidity and predictable and satisfactory results in the short and intermediate term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Accurate estimation of crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) is essential for effective agricultural water resource planning. To determine ET c it is common multiplying the reference evapotranspiration (ET ref ) by an appropriate crop coefficient (K c ). Forecasting ET ref could be particularly beneficial for irrigation scheduling. In this work, daily and cumulative (7 days) ET ref predictions were estimated with the Penman-Monteith (PM) and the Hargreaves-Samani (HS) models using environmental variables obtained from the Global Forecast System (GFS). Results were compared with ET ref calculated with the ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) PM equation from measured daily values of solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. Four weather stations located in Central Chile during 2020 to 2022 were used. The best results were obtained using the HS equation, for all weather stations, the statistical indicators for daily ET ref predictions fall within the following ranges: Accuracy (defined as the percentage of daily ET ref predictions with an absolute error within 1mmd -1 ) varies between 72.8% and 91.8%; the root mean square error (RMSE) ranges from 0.59mmd -1 to 0.98mmd -1 ; the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) is between 16.1% and 24.1%; the mean bias error (MBE) is between 0.10mmd -1 and 0.36mmd -1 ; and the normalized mean bias error (NMBE) varies from 2.5% to 8.3%. On the other hand, the indicators for the 7-day cumulative ET ref forecasts were: RMSE from 2.86mm to 5.08mm; NRMSE from 11.0% to 16.3%; MBE from 0.66mm to 2.57mm; and NMBE from 2.4% to 8.3%. These results suggest that HS ET ref values predicted from GFS temperature forecasts could be effective for foreseeing near-future water demand and enhancing the accuracy of irrigation scheduling and management in Central Chile., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Secretion of Escherichia coli penicillin acylase was improved by codon-based random mutagenesis of its signal peptide. The mutagenesis technology was applied to the gene region coding for positions Lys2 to Thr13 (N half) and Ala14 to Leu25 (C half) of the signal peptide. Protein secretion was higher in several signal peptide variants (up to fourfold with respect to the wild-type value).