109 results on '"Lahmann PH"'
Search Results
2. Prevalence of overweight, general and central obesity in 50- to 64-year-oldsinvolved in the EPIC cohort
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Haftenberger M, Lahmann PH, Gonzalez C, Seidell J, Boeing H., PANICO, SALVATORE, Haftenberger, M, Lahmann, Ph, Panico, Salvatore, Gonzalez, C, Seidell, J, and Boeing, H.
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- 2002
3. Overweight, obesity and fatdistribution in 50- to 64-year-old participants in the European ProspectiveInvestigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Haftenberger M, Lahmann PH, Gonzalez CA, Seidell JC, Boeing H, Giurdanella MC, Krogh V, Bueno de Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Skeie G, Hjartåker A, Rodriguez M, Quirós JR, Berglund G, Janlert U, Khaw KT, Spencer EA, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Clavel Chapelon F, Tehard B, Miller AB, Klipstein Grobusch K, Benetou V, Kiriazi G, Riboli E, Slimani N., PANICO, SALVATORE, Haftenberger, M, Lahmann, Ph, Panico, Salvatore, Gonzalez, Ca, Seidell, Jc, Boeing, H, Giurdanella, Mc, Krogh, V, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Peeters, Ph, Skeie, G, Hjartåker, A, Rodriguez, M, Quirós, Jr, Berglund, G, Janlert, U, Khaw, Kt, Spencer, Ea, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Clavel Chapelon, F, Tehard, B, Miller, Ab, Klipstein Grobusch, K, Benetou, V, Kiriazi, G, Riboli, E, and Slimani, N.
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- 2002
4. Birth size and breast cancer risk: re-analysis of individual participant data from 32 studies
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Silva, IS, De Stavola, B, McCormack, V, Leon, D, Macintyre, S, Hodgson, ME, Newman, B, Sorensen, TIA, Olsen, LW, Baker, JL, Baron, JA, Newcomb, PA, Titus-Ernstoff, L, Egan, KM, Trentham-Dietz, A, Carbone, PP, Melleemkjaer, L, Sorensen, HT, Sandhu, MS, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Hilakivi-Clarke, L, Eriksson, J, Osmond, C, Lahmann, PH, Berglund, G, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Mishra, G, Troisi, R, Palmer, J, Hatch, EE, Innes, K, Michels, KM, Park, SK, Brinton, LA, Garcia-Closas, M, Lissowska, J, Lissner, L, Hulthen, L, Sanderson, M, Malone, K, Daling, J, Stanford, J, Zheng, W, Shu, XO, Vatten, LJ, Nilsen, TIL, Ekbom, A, Kaijser, M, Cnattingius, S, Cade, JE, Burley, VJ, Greenwood, DC, Koupil, I, Freudenheim, JL, Nie, J, Liff, JM, and Christensen, D
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Birth size, perhaps a proxy for prenatal environment, might be a correlate of subsequent breast cancer risk, but findings from epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. We re-analysed individual participant data from published and unpublished studies to obtain more precise estimates of the magnitude and shape of the birth size-breast cancer association. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Studies were identified through computer-assisted and manual searches, and personal communication with investigators. Individual participant data from 32 studies, comprising 22,058 breast cancer cases, were obtained. Random effect models were used, if appropriate, to combine study-specific estimates of effect. Birth weight was positively associated with breast cancer risk in studies based on birth records (pooled relative risk [RR] per one standard deviation [SD] [= 0.5 kg] increment in birth weight: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.09) and parental recall when the participants were children (1.02; 95% CI 0.99-1.05), but not in those based on adult self-reports, or maternal recall during the woman's adulthood (0.98; 95% CI 0.95-1.01) (p for heterogeneity between data sources = 0.003). Relative to women who weighed 3.000-3.499 kg, the risk was 0.96 (CI 0.80-1.16) in those who weighed < 2.500 kg, and 1.12 (95% CI 1.00-1.25) in those who weighed > or = 4.000 kg (p for linear trend = 0.001) in birth record data. Birth length and head circumference from birth records were also positively associated with breast cancer risk (pooled RR per one SD increment: 1.06 [95% CI 1.03-1.10] and 1.09 [95% CI 1.03-1.15], respectively). Simultaneous adjustment for these three birth size variables showed that length was the strongest independent predictor of risk. The birth size effects did not appear to be confounded or mediated by established breast cancer risk factors and were not modified by age or menopausal status. The cumulative incidence of breast cancer per 100 women by age 80 y in the study populations was estimated to be 10.0, 10.0, 10.4, and 11.5 in those who were, respectively, in the bottom, second, third, and top fourths of the birth length distribution. CONCLUSIONS: This pooled analysis of individual participant data is consistent with birth size, and in particular birth length, being an independent correlate of breast cancer risk in adulthood
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- 2008
5. Anthropometric measures, endogenous sex steroids and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: A study within the EPIC cohort
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Rinaldi, S Key, TJ Peeters, PHM Lahmann, PH Lukanova, A and Dossus, L Biessy, C Vineis, P Sacerdote, C Berrino, F Panico, S Tumino, R Palli, D Nagel, G Linseisen, J and Boeing, H Roddam, A Bingham, S Khaw, KT Chloptios, J and Trichopoulou, A Trichopoulos, D Tehard, B and Clavel-Chapelon, F Gonzalez, CA Larranaga, N Barricarte, A and Quiros, JR Chirlaque, MD Martinez, C Monninkhof, E and Grobbee, DE Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB Ferrari, P Slimani, N and Riboli, E Kaaks, R
- Abstract
In a large case-control study on breast cancer risk and serum hormone concentrations, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, we examined to what extent the relationship of excess body weight with breast cancer risk may be explained by changes in sex steroids. Height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and serum measurements of testosterone [T], androstenedione [Delta(4)], dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate [DHEAS], estradiol [E-2], estrone [E-1] and sex-hormone binding globulin [SHBG] were available for 613 breast cancer cases, and 1,139 matched controls, who were all menopausal at the time of blood donation. Free T [fT] and free E-2 [fE(2)] were calculated using mass action equations. Breast cancer risk was related to body mass index (BMI) (RR = 1.11 [0.99-1.25], per 5 kg/m(2) increase in BMI), and waist (RR = 1.12 [1.02-1.24], per 10 cm increase) and hip circumferences (RR = 1.14 [1.02-1.27], per 10 cm increase). The increase in breast cancer risk associated with adiposity was substantially reduced after adjustment for any estrogens, especially for fE(2) (from 1.11 [0.99-1.25] to 0.99 [0.87-1.12], from 1.12 [1.02-1.24] to 1.02 [0.92-1.14] and from 1.14 [1.02-1.27] to 1.05 [0.93-1.18] for BMI, waist and hip circumferences, respectively). A modest attenuation in excess risk was observed after adjustment for fT, but the remaining androgens had little effect on the association of body adiposity with breast cancer. Our data indicate that the relationship of adiposity with breast cancer in postmenopausal women could be partially explained by the increases in endogenous estrogens, and by a decrease in levels of SHBG. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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- 2006
6. Polymorphisms of genes coding for insulin-like growth factor I and its major binding proteins, circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk: results from the EPIC study
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Canzian, F McKay, JD Cleveland, RJ Dossus, L Biessy, C and Rinaldi, S Landi, S Boillot, C Monnier, S Chajes, V and Clavel-Chapelon, F Tehard, B Chang-Claude, J Linseisen, J Lahmann, PH Pischon, T Trichopoulos, D Trichopoulou, A and Zilis, D Palli, D Tumino, R Vineis, P Berrino, F and Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB van Gils, CH Peeters, PHM Pera, G and Ardanaz, E Chirlaque, MD Quiros, JR Larranaga, N and Martinez-Garcia, C Allen, NE Key, TJ Bingham, SA Khaw, KT Slimani, N Norat, T Riboli, E Kaaks, R
- Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) stimulates cell proliferation and can enhance the development of tumours in different organs. Epidemiological studies have shown that an elevated level of circulating IGF-1 is associated with increased risk of breast cancer, as well as of other cancers. Most of circulating IGF-I is bound to an acid-labile subunit and to one of six insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), among which the most important are IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-1. Polymorphisms of the IGF1 gene and of genes encoding for the major IGF-1 carriers may predict circulating levels of IGF-1 and have an impact on cancer risk. We tested this hypothesis with a case - control study of 807 breast cancer patients and 1588 matched control subjects, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. We genotyped 23 common single nucleotide polymorphisms in IGF1, IGFBP1, IGFBP3 and IGFALS, and measured serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in samples of cases and controls. We found a weak but significant association of polymorphisms at the 50 end of the IGF1 gene with breast cancer risk, particularly among women younger than 55 years, and a strong association of polymorphisms located in the 50 end of IGFBP3 with circulating levels of IGFBP-3, which confirms previous findings. Common genetic variation in these candidate genes does not play a major role in altering breast cancer risk in Caucasians.
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- 2006
7. Genetic variation in the growth hormone synthesis pathway in relation to circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and breast cancer risk: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study
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Canzian, F McKay, JD Cleveland, RJ Dossus, L Biessy, C and Boillot, C Rinaldi, S Llewellyn, M Chajes, V and Clavel-Chapelon, F Tehard, B Chang-Claude, J Linseisen, J and Lahmann, PH Pischon, T Trichopoulos, D Trichopoulou, A and Zilis, D Palli, D Tumino, R Vineis, P Berrino, F and Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB van Gils, CH Peeters, PHM Pera, G and Barricarte, A Chirlaque, MD Quiros, JR Larranaga, N and Martinez-Garcia, C Allen, NE Key, TJ Bingham, SA Khaw, KT Slimani, N Norat, T Riboli, E Kaaks, R
- Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) stimulates cell proliferation and can enhance the development of tumors in different organs. Epidemiologic studies have shown that an elevated level of circulating IGF-I is associated to increased risk of breast cancer as well as other cancers. Genetic variants affecting the release or biological action of growth hormone (GH), the main stimulator of IGF-I production, may predict circulating levels of IGF-I and have an effect on cancer risk. We tested this hypothesis with a large case-control study of 807 breast cancer patients and 1,588 matched control subjects nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. We genotyped 22 common single nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 genes involved in GH production and action (GHRH, GHRHR, SST, SSTR1-SSTR5, POU1F1, and GH1), and in parallel, we measured serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, its major binding protein, in samples of cases and controls. SST and SSTR2 polymorphisms showed weak but statistically significant associations with breast cancer risk. SSTR5 polymorphisms were associated with IGF-I levels, whereas one polymorphism in GHRHR and one in POU1F1 were associated with IGFBP-3 levels. Our conclusion is that common genetic variation in the GH synthesis pathway, as measured by single nucleotide polymorphisms selected in the present study, is not a major determinant of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 circulating levels, and it does not play a major role in altering breast cancer risk.
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- 2005
8. Postmenopausal serum androgens, oestrogens and breast cancer risk: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
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Kaaks, R Rinaldi, S Key, TJ Berrino, F Peeters, PHM and Biessy, C Dossus, L Lukanova, A Binghan, S Khaw, KTG and Allen, NE Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB van Gils, CH Grobbee, D and Boeing, H Lahmann, PH Nagel, G Chang-Claude, J and Clavel-Chapelon, F Fournier, A Thiebaut, A Gonzalez, CA and Quiros, JR Tormo, MJ Ardanaz, E Amiano, P Krogh, V and Palli, D Panico, S Tumino, R Vineis, P Trichopoulou, A and Kalapothaki, V Trichopoulos, D Ferrari, P Norat, T and Saracci, R Riboli, E
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skin and connective tissue diseases ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Considerable experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that elevated endogenous sex steroids - notably androgens and oestrogens - promote breast tumour development. In spite of this evidence, postmenopausal androgen replacement therapy with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or testosterone has been advocated for the prevention of osteoporosis and improved sexual wellbeing. We have conducted a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Levels of DHEA sulphate (DHEAS), (Delta 4-androstenedione), testosterone, oestrone, oestradiol and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in prediagnostic serum samples of 677 postmenopausal women who subsequently developed breast cancer and 1309 matched control subjects. Levels of free testosterone and free oestradiol were calculated from absolute concentrations of testosterone, oestradiol and SHBG. Logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks of breast cancer by quintiles of hormone concentrations. For all sex steroids the androgens as well as the oestrogens - elevated serum levels were positively associated with breast cancer risk, while SHBG levels were inversely related to risk. For the androgens, relative risk estimates (95% confidence intervals) between the top and bottom quintiles of the exposure distribution were: DHEAS 1.69 (1.23-2.33), androstenedione 1.94 (1.40-2.69), testosterone 1.85 (1.33-2.57) and free testosterone 2.50 (1.76-3.55). For the oestrogens, relative risk estimates were: oestrone 2.07 (1.42-3.02), oestradiol 2.28 (1.61-3.23) and free oestradiol (odds ratios 2.13 (1,52-2.98)). Adjustments for body mass index or other potential confounding factors did not substantially alter any of these relative risk estimates. Our results have shown that, among postmenopausal women, not only elevated serum oestrogens but also serum androgens are associated with increased breast cancer risk. Since DHEAS and androstenedione are largely of adrenal origin in postmenopausal women, our results indicated that elevated adrenal androgen synthesis is a risk factor for breast cancer. The results from this study caution against the use of DHEA(S), or other androgens, for postmenopausal androgen replacement therapy.
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- 2005
9. C-peptide, IGF-I, sex-steroid hormones and adiposity: a cross-sectional study in healthy women within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Bezemer, ID Rinaldi, S Dossus, L van Gils, CH Peeters, PHM Noord, PAH Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB Johnsen, SP and Overvad, K Olsen, A Tjonneland, A Boeing, H Lahmann, PH and Linseisen, J Nagel, G Allen, N Roddam, A Bingham, S and Khaw, KT Kesse, E Tehard, B Clavel-Chapelon, F and Agudo, A Ardanaz, E Quiros, JR Amiano, P and Martinez-Garcia, C Tormo, MJ Pala, V Panico, S Vineis, P and Palli, D Tumino, R Trichopoulou, A Baibas, N Zilis, D Hemon, B Norat, T Riboli, E Kaaks, R
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hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Objectives: The risk of some cancers is positively associated with body weight, which may influence circulating levels of sex-steroid hormones, insulin and IGF-I. Interrelationships between these hormones and the associations with adiposity were evaluated in healthy women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on anthropometric and hormonal data from 743 pre- and 1217 postmenopausal women. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were used as indicators of adiposity. C-peptide, Insulin Growth Factor (IGF)-I, Insulin Growth Factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, androgens, estrogens and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by immunoassays; free sex steroid concentrations were calculated. Results: BMI and waist circumference were positively correlated with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with C-peptide, free testosterone and inversely with SHBG in all women. C-peptide and IGF-I were inversely correlated with SHBG, and positively with free sex steroids in postmenopausal women. IGF-I was positively associated with postmenopausal estrogens and androgen concentrations in all women. Conclusions: Sex-steroid concentrations appear to be regulated along several axes. Adiposity correlated directly with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with insulin, resulting in lower SHBG and increased levels of free sex steroids. Independent of adiposity and insulin, IGF-I was associated with decreased SHBG levels, and increased concentrations of androgens and postmenopausal estrogens.
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- 2005
10. Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of breast cancer
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van Gils, CH Peeters, PHT Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB Boshuizen, HC Lahmann, PH Clavel-Chapelon, F Thiebaut, A Kesse, E and Sieri, S Palli, D Tumino, R Panico, S Vineis, P and Gonzalez, CA Ardanaz, E Sanchez, MJ Amiano, P Navarro, C and Quiros, JR Key, TJ Allen, N Khaw, KT Bingham, SA and Psaltopoulou, T Koliva, M Trichopoulou, A Nagel, G and Linseisen, J Boeing, H Berglund, G Wirfalt, E Hallmans, G Lenner, P Overvad, K Tjonneland, A Olsen, A Lund, E Engeset, D Alsaker, E Norat, TA Kaaks, R Slimani, N Riboli, E
- Abstract
Context The intake of vegetables and fruits has been thought to protect against breast cancer. Most of the evidence comes from case-control studies, but a recent pooled analysis of the relatively few published cohort studies suggests no significantly reduced breast cancer risk is associated with vegetable and fruit consumption. Objective To examine the relation between total and specific vegetable and fruit intake and the incidence of breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective study of 285526 women between the ages of 25 and 70 years, participating in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, recruited from 8 of the 10 participating European countries. Participants completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998 and were followed up for incidence of cancer until 2002. Main Outcome Measures Relative risks for breast cancer by total and specific vegetable and fruit intake. Analyses were stratified by age at recruitment and study center. Relative risks were adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors. Results During 1486402 person-years (median duration of follow-up, 5.4 years), 3659 invasive incident breast cancer cases were reported. No significant associations between vegetable or fruit intake and breast cancer risk were observed. Relative risks for the highest vs the lowest quintile were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.14) for total vegetables, 1.09 (95% Cl, 0.94-1.25) for total fruit, and 1.05 (95% Cl, 0.92-1.20) for fruit and vegetable juices. For 6 specific vegetable subgroups no associations with breast cancer risk were observed either. Conclusion Although the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer.
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- 2005
11. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: The European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
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Schulz, M Lahmann, PH Boeing, H Hoffmann, K Allen, N and Key, TJA Bingham, S Wirfalt, E Berglund, G Lundin, E and Hallmans, G Lukanova, A Garcia, CM Gonzalez, CA Tormo, MJ Quiros, JR Ardanaz, E Larranaga, N Lund, E Gram, IT Skeie, G Peeters, PHM van Gils, CH Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB Buchner, FL Pasanisi, P Galasso, R Palli, D and Tumino, R Vineis, P Trichopoulou, A Kalapothaki, V and Trichopoulos, D Chang-Claude, J Linseisen, J Boutron-Ruault, MC Touillaud, M Clavel-Chapelon, F Olsen, A Tjonneland, A Overvad, K Tetsche, M Jenab, M Norat, T Kaaks, R and Riboli, E
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food and beverages - Abstract
Objective: The association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of ovarian cancer is still unclear from a prospective point of view. Methods: Female participants (n = 325,640) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study, free of any cancer at baseline, were followed on average for 6.3 years to develop ovarian cancer. During 2,049,346 person-years, 581 verified cases of primary, invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were accrued. Consumption of fruits and vegetables as well as subgroups of vegetables, estimated from validated dietary questionnaires and calibrated thereafter, was related to ovarian cancer incidence in multivariable hazard regression models. Histologic subtype specific analyses were done. Results: Total intake of fruit and vegetables, separately or combined, as well as subgroups of vegetables (fruiting, root, leafy vegetables, cabbages) was unrelated to risk of ovarian cancer. A high intake of garlic/onion vegetables was associated with a borderline significant reduced risk of this cancer. The examination by histologic subtype indicated some differential effects of fruit and vegetable intake on ovarian cancer risk. Conclusion: Overall, a high intake of fruits and vegetables did not seem to protect from ovarian cancer. Garlic/onion vegetables may exert a beneficial effect. The study of the histologic subtype of the tumor warrants further investigation.
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- 2005
12. Serum sex steroids in premenopausal women and breast cancer risk within the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
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Kaaks, R Berrino, F Key, T Rinaldi, S Dossus, L and Biessy, C Secreto, G Amiano, P Bingham, S Boeing, H and de Mesquita, HBB Chang-Claude, J Clavel-Chapelon, FO and Fournier, AS van Gils, CH Gonzalez, CA Gurrea, AB and Critselis, E Khaw, KT Krogh, V Lahmann, PH Nagel, G and Olsen, A Onland-Moret, NC Overvad, K Palli, D Panico, S and Peeters, P Quiros, JR Roddam, A Thiebaut, A and Tjonneland, A Chirlaque, MD Trichopoulou, A Trichopoulos, D and Tumino, R Vineis, P Norat, T Ferrari, P Slimani, N and Riboli, E
- Abstract
Background. Contrasting etiologic hypotheses about the role of endogenous sex steroids in breast cancer development among premenopausal women implicate ovarian androgen excess and progesterone deficiency, estrogen excess, estrogen and progesterone excess, and both an excess or lack of adrenal androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA] or its sulfate [DHEAS]) as risk factors. We conducted a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort to examine associations among premenopausal serum concentrations of sex steroids and subsequent breast cancer risk. Methods: Levels of DHEAS, (Delta 4-)androstenedione, testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in single prediagnostic serum samples from 370 premenopausal women who subsequently developed breast cancer (case patients) and from 726 matched cancer-free control subjects. Levels of progesterone, estrone, and estradiol were also measured for the 285 case patients and 555 matched control subjects who had provided information about the day of menstrual cycle at blood donation. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks of breast cancer by quartiles of hormone concentrations. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Increased risks of breast cancer were associated with elevated serum concentrations of testosterone (odds ratio [OR] for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 2.57; P-trend =.01), androstenedione (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.569 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.32; P-trend =.01), and DHEAS (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.14; P-trend =.10) but not SHBG. Elevated serum progesterone concentrations were associated with a statistically significant reduction in breast cancer risk (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38 to 0.98; P-trend =.06). The absolute risk of breast cancer for women younger than 40 followed up for 10 years was estimated at 2.6% for those in the highest quartile of serum testosterone versus 1.5% for those in the lowest quartile; for the highest and lowest quartiles of progesterone, these estimates were 1.7% and 2.6%, respectively. Breast cancer risk was not statistically significantly associated with serum levels
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- 2005
13. Body size and breast cancer risk: Findings from the european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
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Lahmann, PH Hoffmann, K Allen, N Van Gils, CH Khaw, KT and Tehard, B Berrino, F Tjonneland, A Bigaard, J Olsen, A Overvad, K Clavel-Chapelon, F Nagel, G Boeing, H and Trichopoulos, D Economou, G Bellos, G Palli, D Tumino, R and Panico, S Amiano, P Pera, G Quiros, JR Martinez, C and Tormo, MJ Wirfalt, E Berglund, G Hallmans, G Key, TJ and Reeves, G Bingham, S Norat, T Biessy, C Kaaks, R and Riboli, E
- Abstract
The evidence for anthropometric factors influencing breast cancer risk is accumulating, but uncertainties remain concerning the role of fat distribution and potential effect modifiers. We used data from 73,542 premenopausal and 103,344 postmenopausal women from 9 European countries, taking part in the EPIC study. RRs from Cox regression models were calculated, using measured height, weight, BMI and waist and hip circumferences; categorized by cohort wide quintiles; and expressed as continuous variables, adjusted for study center, age and other risk factors. During 4.7 years of follow-up, 1,879 incident invasive breast cancers were identified. In postmenopausal women, current HRT modified the body size-breast cancer association. Among nonusers, weight, BMI and hip circumference were positively associated with breast cancer risk (all P-trend less than or equal to 0.002); obese women (BMI > 30) had a 31% excess risk compared to women with BMI < 25. Among HRT users, body measures were inversely but nonsignificantly associated with breast cancer. Excess breast cancer risk with HRT was particularly evident among lean women. Pooled RRs per height increment of 5 cm were 1.05 (95% CI 1.00-1.16) in premenopausal and 1.10 (95% CI 1.05-1.16) in postmenopausal women. Among premenopausal women, hip circumference was the only other measure significantly related to breast cancer (P-trend = 0.03), after accounting for BMI. In postmenopausal women not taking exogenous hormones, general obesity is a significant predictor of breast cancer, while abdominal fat assessed as waist-hip ratio or waist circumference was not related to excess risk when adjusted for BMI. Among premenopausal women, weight and BMI showed nonsignificant inverse associations with breast cancer. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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- 2004
14. Endogenous sex hormones and endometrial cancer risk in women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Cust, A, Lukanova, A, Peeters, PH, Onland-Moret, NC, Lahmann, PH, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Larranaga, N, Pera, G, Tormo, M-J, Sanchez, M-J, Quiros, JR, Ardanaz, E, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Chang-Claude, J, Linseisen, J, Schulz, M, Boeing, H, Lundin, E, Palli, D, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, Kaaks, R, Allen, NE, Key, TJ, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Cust, A, Lukanova, A, Peeters, PH, Onland-Moret, NC, Lahmann, PH, Berrino, F, Panico, S, Larranaga, N, Pera, G, Tormo, M-J, Sanchez, M-J, Quiros, JR, Ardanaz, E, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Chang-Claude, J, Linseisen, J, Schulz, M, Boeing, H, Lundin, E, Palli, D, Overvad, K, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Bingham, S, Khaw, K-T, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R
- Abstract
Epidemiological data show that reproductive and hormonal factors are involved in the etiology of endometrial cancer, but there is little data on the association with endogenous sex hormone levels. We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of sex steroids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition using a nested case-control design of 247 incident endometrial cancer cases and 481 controls, matched on center, menopausal status, age, variables relating to blood collection, and, for premenopausal women, phase of menstrual cycle. Using conditional regression analysis, endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women was positively associated with increasing levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, estrone, total estradiol, and free estradiol. The odds ratios (ORs) for the highest versus lowest tertile were 2.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-4.72; P=0.002 for a continuous linear trend) for estrone, 2.07 (95% CI 1.20-3.60; P=0.001) for estradiol, and 1.66 (95% CI 0.98-2.82; P=0.001) for free estradiol. For total and free testosterone, ORs for the highest versus lowest tertile were 1.44 (95% CI 0.88-2.36; P=0.05) and 2.05 (95% CI 1.23-3.42; P=0.005) respectively. Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were not associated with risk. Sex hormone-binding globulin was significantly inversely associated with risk (OR for the highest versus lowest tertile was 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95; P=0.004). In premenopausal women, serum sex hormone concentrations were not clearly associated with endometrial cancer risk, but numbers were too small to draw firm conclusions. In conclusion, relatively high blood concentrations of estrogens and free testosterone are associated with an increased endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
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- 2008
15. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
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Tjonneland, A, Christensen, J, Olsen, A, Stripp, C, Thomsen, BL, Overvad, K, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Ocké, MC, Thiebaut, A, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, Martinez-Garcia, C, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quirós, JR, Key, TJ, Reeves, G, Khaw, KT, Bingham, S, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Nagel, G, Chang-Claude, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, PH, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Skele, G, Hjartåker, A, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Kaaks, R, Riboli, E, Tjonneland, A, Christensen, J, Olsen, A, Stripp, C, Thomsen, BL, Overvad, K, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Ocké, MC, Thiebaut, A, Fournier, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, Martinez-Garcia, C, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quirós, JR, Key, TJ, Reeves, G, Khaw, KT, Bingham, S, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Nagel, G, Chang-Claude, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, PH, Manjer, J, Wirfält, E, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Lund, E, Skele, G, Hjartåker, A, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Most epidemiologic studies have suggested an increased risk of breast cancer with increasing alcohol intake. Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer. METHODS: Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on Cox proportional hazard models were calculated using reported intake of alcohol, recent (at baseline) and lifetime exposure. We adjusted for known risk factors and stratified according to study center as well as potentially modifying host factors. RESULTS: During 6.4 years of follow up, 4,285 invasive cases of breast cancer within the age group 35-75 years were identified. For all countries together the IRR per 10 g/day higher recent alcohol intake (continuous) was 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.05). When adjusted, no association was seen between lifetime alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer. No difference in risk was shown between users and non-users of HRT, and there was no significant interaction between alcohol intake and BMI, HRT or dietary folate. CONCLUSION: This large European study supports previous findings that recent alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer.
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- 2007
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16. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract : the prospective EPIC-study.
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Boeing, H, Dietrich, T, Hoffmann, K, Pischon, T, Ferrari, P, Lahmann, PH, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Allen, N, Key, T, Skeie, G, Lund, E, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jensen, MK, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Psalttopoulou, T, Weinehall, L, Johansson, Ingegerd, Sanchez, MJ, Jakszyn, P, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, MD, Quiros, JR, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Jenab, M, Riboli, E, Boeing, H, Dietrich, T, Hoffmann, K, Pischon, T, Ferrari, P, Lahmann, PH, Boutron-Ruault, MC, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Allen, N, Key, T, Skeie, G, Lund, E, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jensen, MK, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Psalttopoulou, T, Weinehall, L, Johansson, Ingegerd, Sanchez, MJ, Jakszyn, P, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, MD, Quiros, JR, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, S, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Jenab, M, and Riboli, E
- Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract. We studied data from 345,904 subjects of the prospective European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited in seven European countries, who had completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998. During 2,182,560 person years of observation 352 histologically verified incident squamous cell cancer (SCC) cases (255 males; 97 females) of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus were identified. Linear and restricted cubic spline Cox regressions were fitted on variables of intake of fruits and vegetables and adjusted for potential confounders. We observed a significant inverse association with combined total fruits and vegetables intake (estimated relative risk (RR) = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.00 per 80 g/d of consumption), and nearly significant inverse associations in separate analyses with total fruits and total vegetables intake (RR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.02) and RR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.02) per 40 g/d of consumption). Overall, vegetable subgroups were not related to risk with the exception of intake of root vegetables in men. Restricted cubic spline regression did not improve the linear model fits except for total fruits and vegetables and total fruits with a significant decrease in risk at low intake levels (<120 g/d) for fruits. Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake.
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- 2006
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17. Body size and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Pischon, T, Lahmann, PH, Boeing, H, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, S, Monninkhof, E, Peeters, PHM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, CA, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, AB, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, J.R., Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Kaaks, R, Norat, T, Slimani, N, Riboli, E, Pischon, T, Lahmann, PH, Boeing, H, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, S, Monninkhof, E, Peeters, PHM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, CA, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, AB, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, J.R., Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Kaaks, R, Norat, T, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E
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- 2006
18. Body size and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Global Health, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Epi Kanker Team 1, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Pischon, T, Lahmann, PH, Boeing, H, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, S, Monninkhof, E, Peeters, PHM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, CA, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, AB, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, J.R., Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Kaaks, R, Norat, T, Slimani, N, Riboli, E, Global Health, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Epi Kanker Team 1, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Pischon, T, Lahmann, PH, Boeing, H, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, S, Monninkhof, E, Peeters, PHM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buchner, FL, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, CA, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, AB, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, J.R., Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, KT, Kaaks, R, Norat, T, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E
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- 2006
19. Sociodemographic factors associated with long-term weight gain, current body fatness and central adiposity in Swedish women
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Lahmann, PH, primary, Lissner, L, additional, Gullberg, B, additional, and Berglund, G, additional
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- 2000
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20. Body mass index, long-term weight change, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: is the inverse association modified by smoking status?
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Lahmann PH, Pandeya N, Webb PM, Green AC, Whiteman DC, Australian Cancer Study, Lahmann, Petra H, Pandeya, Nirmala, Webb, Penelope M, Green, Adèle C, and Whiteman, David C
- Abstract
Background: Observational studies suggest that body mass index (BMI) is inversely associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, questions remain regarding reverse causation and confounding, especially by smoking, as alternative explanations.Methods: The authors examined the association between BMI and measures of weight history and risk of ESCC in a population-based Australian case-control study (from 2002 to 2005) comprising 287 patients with ESCC (cases) and a control group of 1544 individuals who were sampled from a population registry. Stratified analyses were performed specifically to explore whether this association was influenced by smoking. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs).Results: After adjusting for smoking, significant inverse associations with ESCC for BMI and weight 1 year before diagnosis, maximum adult BMI, and weight gain since age 20 years were observed (all P(trend) < .001). The risk of ESCC was reduced by 35% (range, 23%-44%) per 5-unit increase in recent BMI. Participants who gained weight after age 20 years had a lower risk than those who maintained their weight during adult life (OR for gain of >20 kg, 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.77). In stratified analyses, higher BMI was associated with a decreasing risk of ESCC both in never-smokers (OR, 0.32; 95% CI 0.13-0.76) and smokers (OR 0.22, 95%CI 0.07-0.67) comparing the highest versus the lowest BMI quintile.Conclusions: In this study, the inverse associations between BMI, long-term weight gain, and other body measures and ESCC appeared to be robust and could not be explained by smoking status or potential confounding factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
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21. Dietary determinants of epithelial ovarian cancer: a review of the epidemiologic literature.
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Schulz M, Lahmann PH, Riboli E, and Boeing H
- Abstract
Ovarian cancer is commonly a fatal disease and, despite advances in screening and treatment, the lack of understanding of the underlying etiology has limited prevention strategies. This article reviews the epidemiologic literature on the relationship between consumption of major food groups and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We identified 7 cohort studies and 27 case-control studies of consumption of major food groups (fruits and vegetables, meats, eggs, fish, dairy products, grains, fats and oils) and EOC risk. Vegetable but not fruit consumption was found to possibly exhibit beneficial effects on the risk of EOC, whereas high meat consumption may be associated with an increased risk. A protective effect on risk of EOC for whole-grain food consumption as well as for consumption of low-fat milk is suggested by the results of the studies. However, evidence for associations of foods such as fish, grains, milk products, and fats and oils with EOC risk is limited and inconsistent, and further examination of these dietary determinants of EOC are warranted. In conclusion, a typical Western diet, which is high in meats and low in vegetables, may be positively associated with ovarian cancer incidence. However, the association between specific dietary factors and EOC risk remains unclear and merits further examination. In particular, future studies need to address the effect of milk products according to fat content and possible biological mechanisms to explain observed effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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22. Overweight, obesity and fat distribution in 50- to 64-year-old participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
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Haftenberger M, Lahmann PH, Panico S, Gonzalez CA, Seidell JC, Boeing H, Giurdanella MC, Krogh V, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PHM, Skeie G, Hjartåker A, Rodriguez M, Quirós JR, Berglund G, Janlert U, Khaw KT, Spencer EA, Overvad K, and Tjønneland A
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- 2002
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23. Serum concentrations of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol are associated with diet, smoking, and general and central adiposity.
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Wallström P, Wirfält E, Lahmann PH, Gullberg B, Janzon L, and Berglund G
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies of associations between diet, obesity, and blood concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene have been equivocal. Furthermore, most studies used only body mass index (BMI) as an obesity measure. OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to examine the associations between energy and nutrient intakes, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and serum cholesterol and serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, and to examine the associations between different measures of general and central adiposity and serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 253 men and 276 women aged 46-67 y. Nutrient data were collected by a modified diet history method. Measures of obesity included BMI, percentage of body fat (impedance analysis), waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference. The associations between serum nutrient concentrations and the other factors were examined by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Twenty-one percent of men and 34% of women used antioxidant supplements. The mean BMI was 26.1 in men and 25.4 in women. Serum beta-carotene concentration was positively associated with serum cholesterol concentration, fiber intake, and beta-carotene intake, and negatively associated with smoking and all measures of obesity. In men, serum beta-carotene concentration was not significantly associated with central adiposity after adjustment for body fat. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration was positively correlated with serum cholesterol, obesity, and vitamin E intake. In women, serum alpha-tocopherol concentration was also positively associated with intakes of ascorbic acid and selenium. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration was associated with central adiposity after adjustment for body fat. CONCLUSION: Serum beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol concentrations have different associations with diet, smoking, general adiposity, and central adiposity. Copyright © 2001 American Society for Clinical Nutrition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
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24. Research and professional briefs. Attitudes about health and nutrition are more indicative of dietary quality in 50- to 75-year-old women than weight and appearance concerns.
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Lahmann PH and Kumanyika SK
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- 1999
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25. Breast cancer risk in relation to abortion: Results from the EPIC study
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Elisabet Wirfält, Petra H.M. Peeters, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Salvatore Panico, Elio Riboli, Sau Wan Kan, Kim Overvad, Victoria Kalapothaki, Carlos A. González, Carmen Martinez, José Ramón Quirós, Maria R. Tormo, Pilar Amiano, Domenico Palli, Franco Berrino, Anja Olsen, Gillian K Reeves, Jenny Chang-Claude, Eva Ardanaz, Rosario Tumino, Paulo Vineis, Heiner Boeing, Petra H. Lahmann, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Timothy J. Key, Xavier Paoletti, Anne Tjønneland, Kav Tee Khaw, Antonia Trichopoulou, Rudolf Kaaks, Gabriele Nagel, Vittorio Krogh, Reeves, Gk, Kan, Sw, Key, T, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, Peeters, Ph, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Paoletti, X, Berrino, F, Krogh, V, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, Gonzalez, Ca, Ardanaz, E, Martinez, C, Amiano, P, Quiros, Jr, Tormo, Mr, Khaw, Kt, Trichopoulou, A, Psaltopoulou, T, Kalapothaki, V, Nagel, G, CHANG CLAUDE, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Wirfalt, E, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E.
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Breast Neoplasms ,Abortion ,Breast cancer ,Risk Factors ,Recall bias ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Risk factor ,Adverse effect ,Societies, Medical ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Gynecology ,business.industry ,Abortion, Induced ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Abortion, Spontaneous ,Europe ,Oncology ,Relative risk ,Female ,business - Abstract
The role of spontaneous and induced abortion on breast cancer risk is examined among 267,361 women recruited into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition between 1992 and 2000. The data were collected from 20 centers, across 9 countries, and included information on a total of 4,805 women with breast cancer, of whom 1,657 reported having ever had any type of abortion. Overall, the relative risk of breast cancer in women who reported ever having had a spontaneous abortion was not significantly elevated when compared with women who reported never having had such an abortion (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.99-1.14). However, there was some evidence of a slight increase in the risk of breast cancer among women who reported having had 2 or more spontaneous abortions (1.20, 1.07-1.35). The relative risk of breast cancer among women who reported ever having had an induced abortion when compared to women who reported never having had an induced abortion was 0.95 (0.87-1.03). Overall, the findings provide further unbiased evidence of the lack of an adverse effect of induced abortion on breast cancer risk. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
- Published
- 2016
26. C-peptide, IGF-I, sex-steroid hormones and adiposity
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Petra H.M. Peeters, Naomi E. Allen, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Valeria Pala, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Anne Tjønneland, Laure Dossus, Gabriele Nagel, Teresa Norat, Kim Overvad, M. J. Tormo, J. R. Quirós, Carmen Martinez-Garcia, Irene D. Bezemer, Sheila Bingham, Antonio Agudo, Søren Paaske Johnsen, Bertrand Hémon, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anja Olsen, Paolo Vineis, Carla H. van Gils, Nikos Baibas, Sabina Rinaldi, Eva Ardanaz, Petra H. Lahmann, Heiner Boeing, D. Zilis, Rosario Tumino, Emmanuelle Kesse, Salvatore Panico, Elio Riboli, Bertrand Tehard, Paulus A.H. van Noord, Jakob Linseisen, Andrew W. Roddam, Rudolf Kaaks, Pilar Amiano, Kay-Tee Khaw, Domenico Palli, University of Groningen, Bezemer, Id, Rinaldi, S, Dossus, L, Gils, Ch, Peeters, Ph, Noord, Pa, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Johnsen, Sp, Overvad, K, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Linseisen, J, Nagel, G, Allen, N, Roddam, A, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Kesse, E, Tehard, B, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, Quiros, Jr, Amiano, P, C., Mg, Tormo, Mj, Pala, V, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Trichopoulou, A, Baibas, N, Zilis, D, Hemon, B, Norat, T, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_treatment ,FACTOR (IGF)-I ,Body Mass Index ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ,Prospective Studies ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,BINDING PROTEIN-3 ,anthropometry ,biology ,C-Peptide ,C-peptide ,Middle Aged ,POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME ,sex-steroid hormones ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,IGF-I ,Postmenopause ,Oncology ,POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ,PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ,Androgens ,Female ,LIFE-STYLE ,ENERGY-BALANCE ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,medicine.medical_specialty ,insulin ,medicine.drug_class ,Internal medicine ,GROWTH-FACTOR-I ,medicine ,Humans ,BREAST-CANCER ,ddc:610 ,business.industry ,Waist-Hip Ratio ,Insulin ,Estrogens ,Androgen ,BODY-MASS INDEX ,Endocrinology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ,chemistry ,Premenopause ,Sex steroid ,biology.protein ,business ,Body mass index ,Hormone - Abstract
Objectives: The risk of some cancers is positively associated with body weight, which may influence circulating levels of sex-steroid hormones, insulin and IGF-I. Interrelationships between these hormones and the associations with adiposity were evaluated in healthy women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on anthropometric and hormonal data from 743 pre- and 1217 postmenopausal women. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were used as indicators of adiposity. C-peptide, Insulin Growth Factor (IGF)-I, Insulin Growth Factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, androgens, estrogens and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by immunoassays; free sex steroid concentrations were calculated.Results: BMI and waist circumference were positively correlated with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with C-peptide, free testosterone and inversely with SHBG in all women. C-peptide and IGF-I were inversely correlated with SHBG, and positively with free sex steroids in postmenopausal women. IGF-I was positively associated with postmenopausal estrogens and androgen concentrations in all women.Conclusions: Sex-steroid concentrations appear to be regulated along several axes. Adiposity correlated directly with estrogens in postmenopausal women and with insulin, resulting in lower SHBG and increased levels of free sex steroids. Independent of adiposity and insulin, IGF-I was associated with decreased SHBG levels, and increased concentrations of androgens and postmenopausal estrogens.
- Published
- 2005
27. Endogenous sex hormones and endometrial cancer risk in women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Rudolf Kaaks, Domenico Palli, Jenny Chang-Claude, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, J. Ramón Quirós, Eva Ardanaz, Elio Riboli, Annekatrin Lukanova, Kim Overvad, Anne E. Cust, Heiner Boeing, Dimitiros Trichopoulos, Guillem Pera, Anja Olsen, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Salvatore Panico, Eva Lundin, Mandy Schulz, María José Tormo, Naomi E. Allen, Franco Berrino, Kay-Tee Khaw, Timothy J. Key, Petra H. Lahmann, Rosario Tumino, Anne Tjønneland, Androniki Naska, Laure Dossus, Nerea Larrañaga, Petra H.M. Peeters, Sheila Bingham, Antonia Trichopoulou, Sabina Rinaldi, María José Sánchez, Jakob Linseisen, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Allen, Ne, Key, Tj, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Cust, A, Lukanova, A, Peeters, Ph, Onland Moret, Nc, Lahmann, Ph, Berrino, F, Panico, Salvatore, Larrañaga, N, Pera, G, Tormo, Mj, Sánchez, Mj, Ramón Quirós, J, Ardanaz, E, Tjønneland, A, Olsen, A, Chang Claude, J, Linseisen, J, Schulz, M, Boeing, H, Lundin, E, Palli, D, Overvad, K, Clavel Chapelon, F, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Tumino, R, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Cancer Research ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Body Mass Index ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Risk Factors ,Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ,Odds Ratio ,Medicine ,Testosterone ,Prospective Studies ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Estradiol ,biology ,Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ,Incidence ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Postmenopause ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Estrone ,media_common.quotation_subject ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Menstrual cycle ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,Gynecology ,business.industry ,Endometrial cancer ,Androstenedione ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Endometrial Neoplasms ,Premenopause ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Regular papers ,business - Abstract
Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Jun Epidemiological data show that reproductive and hormonal factors are involved in the etiology of endometrial cancer, but there is little data on the association with endogenous sex hormone levels. We analyzed the association between prediagnostic serum concentrations of sex steroids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition using a nested case-control design of 247 incident endometrial cancer cases and 481 controls, matched on center, menopausal status, age, variables relating to blood collection, and, for premenopausal women, phase of menstrual cycle. Using conditional regression analysis, endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women was positively associated with increasing levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, estrone, total estradiol, and free estradiol. The odds ratios (ORs) for the highest versus lowest tertile were 2.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-4.72; P=0.002 for a continuous linear trend) for estrone, 2.07 (95% CI 1.20-3.60; P=0.001) for estradiol, and 1.66 (95% CI 0.98-2.82; P=0.001) for free estradiol. For total and free testosterone, ORs for the highest versus lowest tertile were 1.44 (95% CI 0.88-2.36; P=0.05) and 2.05 (95% CI 1.23-3.42; P=0.005) respectively. Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were not associated with risk. Sex hormone-binding globulin was significantly inversely associated with risk (OR for the highest versus lowest tertile was 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95; P=0.004). In premenopausal women, serum sex hormone concentrations were not clearly associated with endometrial cancer risk, but numbers were too small to draw firm conclusions. In conclusion, relatively high blood concentrations of estrogens and free testosterone are associated with an increased endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
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- 2008
28. Physical activity and risk of endometrial cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
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Carmen Martinez Garcia, Petra H.M. Peeters, Elio Riboli, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Naomi E. Allen, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Kim Overvad, Anne E. Cust, Rosario Tumino, Evelyn M. Monninkhof, Anne Tjønneland, Sylvie Mesrine, Jakob Linseisen, Göran Berglund, Mandy Schulz, Michelle A. Mendez, Christine M. Friedenreich, Nerea Larrañaga, Eva Ardanaz, Paolo Vineis, Salvatore Panico, Sabine Rohrmann, Karen Steindorf, Sheila Bingham, Marcial Argüelles, Antonia Trichopoulou, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Petra H. Lahmann, María Dolores Chirlaque, Valeria Pala, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Nina Føns Johnsen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Domenico Palli, Tobias Pischon, Pietro Ferrari, Timothy J. Key, Rudolf Kaaks, Jonas Manjer, Vardis Dilis, Nadia Slimani, Friedenreich, C, Cust, A, Lahmann, Ph, Steindorf, K, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Mesrine, S, Linseisen, J, Rohrmann, S, Pischon, T, Schulz, M, Tjonneland, A, Johnsen, Nf, Overvad, K, Mendez, M, Arguelles, Mv, Garcia, Cm, Larranaga, N, Chirlaque, Md, Ardanaz, E, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Allen, N, Key, T, Trichopoulou, A, Dilis, V, Trichopoulos, D, Pala, V, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Peeters, Ph, Monninkhof, E, Berglund, G, Manjer, J, Slimani, N, Ferrari, P, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Nutritional Status ,Body Mass Index ,Cohort Studies ,Breast cancer ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Risk factor ,Prospective cohort study ,Exercise ,Life Style ,Aged ,Gynecology ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Endometrial cancer ,Incidence ,Hormone replacement therapy (menopause) ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Endometrial Neoplasms ,Europe ,Oncology ,Relative risk ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
The etiologic role of physical activity in endometrial cancer risk remains unclear given the few epidemiologic studies that have been conducted. To investigate this relation more fully, an analysis was undertaken in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC). During an average 6.6 years of follow-up, 689 incident endometrial cancer cases were identified from an analytic cohort within EPIC of 253,023 women. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between type of activity (total, occupational, household, recreational) and endometrial cancer risk. For total activity, women in the highest compared with the lowest quartile of activity had a risk of 0.88 (95% confidence interval (95% CI=0.61-1.27). No clear associations between each type of activity and endometrial cancer risk were found for the total study population combined. Associations were more evident in the stratified results, with premenopausal women who were active versus inactive experiencing a risk of 0.66 (95% CI=0.38-1.14) overall. Among premenopausal women, for household and recreational activities the risk estimates in the highest as compared with the lowest quartiles were, respectively, 0.48 (95% CI=0.23-0.99) and 0.78 (95% CI=0.44-1.39). No effect modification by body mass index, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptive use or energy intake was found. This study provides no evidence of a protective effect of increased physical activity in endometrial cancer risk in all women but some support for a benefit among premenopausal women. The relative risk reductions are most apparent for household activities.
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- 2007
29. Anthropometric measures, endogenous sex steroids and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: a study within the EPIC cohort
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Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Elio Riboli, Domenico Palli, Paolo Vineis, Carmen Martinez, Sabina Rinaldi, J. Ramón Quirós, Diederick E. Grobbee, Rudolf Kaaks, Sheila Bingham, Pietro Ferrari, Antonia Trichopoulou, Nerea Larrañaga, Franco Berrino, Gabriele Nagel, Bertrand Tehard, Rosario Tumino, Timothy J. Key, Andrew W. Roddam, Petra H.M. Peeters, John Chloptios, Carlotta Sacerdote, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Carine Biessy, Aurelio Barricarte, Nadia Slimani, Petra H. Lahmann, María Dolores Chirlaque, Salvatore Panico, Evelyne Monninkhof, Laure Dossus, Heiner Boeing, Annekatrin Lukanova, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Carlos González, Jakob Linseisen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Rinaldi, S, Key, Tj, Peeters, Ph, Lahmann, Ph, Lukanova, A, Dossus, L, Biessy, C, Vineis, P, Sacerdote, C, Berrino, F, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Palli, D, Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Roddam, A, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Chloptios, J, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Tehard, B, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Gonzalez, Ca, Larranaga, N, Barricarte, A, Quiros, Jr, Chirlaque, Md, Martinez, C, Monninkhof, E, Grobbee, De, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Breast Neoplasms ,Estrone ,Body Mass Index ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Breast cancer ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Risk Factors ,Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Mass index ,ddc:610 ,Risk factor ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Adiposity ,Aged ,biology ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Postmenopause ,Endocrinology ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
In a large case-control study on breast cancer risk and serum hormone concentrations, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, we examined to what extent the relationship of excess body weight with breast cancer risk may be explained by changes in sex steroids. Height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and serum measurements of testosterone [T], androstenedione [Delta4], dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate [DHEAS], estradiol [E2], estrone [E1] and sex-hormone binding globulin [SHBG] were available for 613 breast cancer cases, and 1,139 matched controls, who were all menopausal at the time of blood donation. Free T [fT] and free E2 [fE2] were calculated using mass action equations. Breast cancer risk was related to body mass index (BMI) (RR = 1.11 [0.99-1.25], per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI), and waist (RR = 1.12 [1.02-1.24], per 10 cm increase) and hip circumferences (RR = 1.14 [1.02-1.27], per 10 cm increase). The increase in breast cancer risk associated with adiposity was substantially reduced after adjustment for any estrogens, especially for fE2 (from 1.11 [0.99-1.25] to 0.99 [0.87-1.12], from 1.12 [1.02-1.24] to 1.02 [0.92-1.14] and from 1.14 [1.02-1.27] to 1.05 [0.93-1.18] for BMI, waist and hip circumferences, respectively). A modest attenuation in excess risk was observed after adjustment for fT, but the remaining androgens had little effect on the association of body adiposity with breast cancer. Our data indicate that the relationship of adiposity with breast cancer in postmenopausal women could be partially explained by the increases in endogenous estrogens, and by a decrease in levels of SHBG.
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- 2007
30. Diet, serum insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 in European women
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Sheila Bingham, Ramón Quirós, Antonia Trichopoulou, Naomi E. Allen, Rosario Tumino, Domenico Palli, E. Ardanoz, Salvatore Panico, J. Linseisen, Elio Riboli, Carlotta Sacerdote, M. C. Boutron-Ruault, M. J. Tormo, Victoria Kalapothaki, Gabriele Nagel, Rudolf Kaaks, Henning Grønbæk, F. Clavel-Chapelon, S. Rinaldi, Teresa Norat, Sabina Sieri, Timothy J. Key, Anja Olsen, Antonio Agudo, Anne Tjønneland, Laure Dossus, C. H. van Gils, Nadia Slimani, Petra H. Lahmann, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Pilar Amiano, Pamela Ferrari, Heiner Boeing, Kim Overvad, H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita, Carlos Martinez, Petra H.M. Peeters, Norat, T, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Overvad, K, Gronbaek, H, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Linseisen, J, Nagel, G, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Kalapothaki, V, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Peeters, Ph, VAN GILS, Ch, Agudo, A, Amiano, P, Ardanoz, E, Martinez, C, Quiros, R, Tormo, Mj, Bingham, S, Key, Tj, Allen, Ne, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Cohort Studies ,Insulin-like growth factor ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,ddc:610 ,Prospective Studies ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Prospective cohort study ,education ,Aged ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Middle Aged ,Diet ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ,Endocrinology ,Case-Control Studies ,Cohort ,Female ,Dairy Products ,business ,Body mass index ,Cohort study - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of diet with serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 in women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: The population are 2109 women who were control subjects in a case-control study of breast cancer nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Control subjects were randomly chosen among risk sets consisting of female cohort members alive and free of cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) at the time of diagnosis of the index case. Matching criteria were age at enrolment, follow-up time, time of the day of blood collection and study centre. Diet was measured through validated questionnaires. Serum hormone concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The relationship between serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and intake of nutrients and foods was explored by linear regression in models adjusted for energy intake, age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, centre and laboratory batch. RESULTS: Serum IGF-I levels were positively related to protein intake (P(trend)
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- 2007
31. Physical activity and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
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Petra H. Lahmann, Christine Friedenreich, A. Jantine Schuit, Simonetta Salvini, Naomi E. Allen, Tim J. Key, Kay-Tee Khaw, Sheila Bingham, Petra H.M. Peeters, Evelyn Monninkhof, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Elisabet Wirfält, Jonas Manjer, Carlos A. Gonzales, Eva Ardanaz, Pilar Amiano, José R. Quirós, Carmen Navarro, Carmen Martinez, Franco Berrino, Domenico Palli, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Paolo Vineis, Antonia Trichopoulou, Christina Bamia, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Heiner Boeing, Mandy Schulz, Jakob Linseisen, Jenny Chang-Claude, Francoise Clavel Chapelon, Agnès Fournier, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Anne Tjønneland, Nina Føns Johnson, Kim Overvad, Rudolf Kaaks, Elio Riboli, Lahmann, Ph, Friedenreich, C, Schuit, Aj, Salvini, S, Allen, Ne, Key, Tj, Khaw, Kt, Bingham, S, Peeters, Ph, Monninkhof, E, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Wirfalt, E, Manjer, J, Gonzales, Ca, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Quiros, Jr, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Trichopoulos, D, Boeing, H, Schulz, M, Linseisen, J, CHANG CLAUDE, J, Chapelon, Fc, Fournier, A, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, Tjonneland, A, Johnson, Nf, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Epidemiology ,Nutritional Status ,Breast Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Motor Activity ,Europe ,Oncology ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models - Abstract
There is convincing evidence for a decreased risk of breast cancer with increased physical activity. Uncertainties remain, however, about the role of different types of physical activity on breast cancer risk and the potential effect modification for these associations. We used data from 218,169 premenopausal and postmenopausal women from nine European countries, ages 20 to 80 years at study entry into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Hazard ratios (HR) from multivariate Cox regression models were calculated using metabolic equivalent value–based physical activity variables categorized in quartiles, adjusted for age, study center, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, parity, current oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy use. The physical activity assessment included recreational, household, and occupational activities. A total physical activity index was estimated based on cross-tabulation of these separate types of activity. During 6.4 years of follow-up, 3,423 incident invasive breast cancers were identified. Overall, increasing total physical activity was associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women (Ptrend = 0.06). Specifically, household activity was associated with a significantly reduced risk in postmenopausal (HR, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.93, highest versus the lowest quartile; Ptrend = 0.001) and premenopausal (HR, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-0.90, highest versus lowest quartile; Ptrend = 0.003) women. Occupational activity and recreational activity were not significantly related to breast cancer risk in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This study provides additional evidence for a protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(1):36–42)
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- 2007
32. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Carla H. van Gils, Carmen Martinez-Garcia, Guri Skeie, Anne C. M. Thiébaut, Paolo Vineis, José Ramón Quirós, Heiner Boeing, Petra H.M. Peeters, Jonas Manjer, Göran Hallmans, Anne Tjønneland, Agnès Fournier, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Ingegerd Johansson, Carmen Navarro, Kim Overvad, Anja Olsen, Anette Hjartåker, Gillian K Reeves, Androniki Naska, Eva Ardanaz, Nadia Slimani, Connie Stripp, Gabriele Nagel, Petra H. Lahmann, Rosario Tumino, Sheila Bingham, Antonia Trichopoulou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Birthe Lykke Thomsen, Domenico Palli, Jenny Chang-Claude, Franco Berrino, Jane Christensen, Pilar Amiano, Kay-Tee Khaw, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Marga C. Ocké, Elio Riboli, Eiliv Lund, Rudolf Kaaks, Antonio Agudo, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Pietro Ferrari, Timothy J. Key, Tjonneland, A, Christensen, J, Olsen, A, Stripp, C, Thomsen, Bl, Overvad, K, Peeters, Ph, VAN GILS, Ch, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Ocke, Mc, Thiebaut, A, Fournier, A, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, Agudo, A, Ardanaz, E, MARTINEZ GARCIA, C, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quiros, Jr, Key, Tj, Reeves, G, Khaw, Kt, Bingham, S, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Naska, A, Nagel, G, CHANG CLAUDE, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Manjer, J, Wirfalt, E, Hallmans, G, Johansson, I, Lund, E, Skeie, G, Hjartaker, A, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E.
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Alcohol Drinking ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Breast Neoplasms ,Risk Assessment ,Breast cancer ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Gynecology ,Ethanol ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Hormone replacement therapy (menopause) ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Epidemiologic Studies ,Oncology ,Female ,Risk assessment ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Most epidemiologic studies have suggested an increased risk of breast cancer with increasing alcohol intake. Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer. METHODS: Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on Cox proportional hazard models were calculated using reported intake of alcohol, recent (at baseline) and lifetime exposure. We adjusted for known risk factors and stratified according to study center as well as potentially modifying host factors. RESULTS: During 6.4 years of follow up, 4,285 invasive cases of breast cancer within the age group 35-75 years were identified. For all countries together the IRR per 10 g/day higher recent alcohol intake (continuous) was 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.05). When adjusted, no association was seen between lifetime alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer. No difference in risk was shown between users and non-users of HRT, and there was no significant interaction between alcohol intake and BMI, HRT or dietary folate. CONCLUSION: This large European study supports previous findings that recent alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer.
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- 2006
33. Body size and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Petra H.M. Peeters, Rudolf Kaaks, Vassiliki Benetou, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Elio Riboli, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Andrew W. Roddam, Jytte Halkjær, Evelyn M. Monninkhof, Anne Tjønneland, J. Ramón Quirós, Börje Ljungberg, Sabina Sieri, Carlos A. González, Kim Overvad, Sheila Bingham, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Nikolaus Becker, Naomi E. Allen, Antonia Trichopoulou, Tobias Pischon, Teresa Norat, Petra H. Lahmann, Carmen Martinez, Heiner Boeing, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Domenico Palli, Miren Dorronsoro, Göran Berglund, Nadia Slimani, Jakob Linseisen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Göran Hallmans, Rosario Tumino, Frederike L. Büchner, Paolo Vineis, Salvatore Panico, Carmen Navarro, Pischon, T, Lahmann, Ph, Boeing, H, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, KLIPSTEIN GROBUSCH, K, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, Salvatore, Monninkhof, E, Peeters, Ph, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Buchner, Fl, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, Ca, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, Ab, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, Jr, Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Kaaks, R, Norat, T, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E.
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Male ,Cancer Research ,obesity ,Body Mass Index ,Risk Factors ,Determinants in Health and Disease [EBP 1] ,Mass index ,Non-U.S. Gov't ,anthropometry ,KIDNEY CANCER ,Incidence ,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ,INSULIN-LIKE ,Middle Aged ,Kidney Neoplasms ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Multicenter Study ,Oncology ,POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ,Body Composition ,Female ,epidemiology ,Cohort study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Nutritional Status ,HIP CIRCUMFERENCES ,UNITED-STATES ,Research Support ,MASS INDEX ,Interventional oncology [UMCN 1.5] ,Internal medicine ,GROWTH-FACTOR-I ,medicine ,cohort study ,Journal Article ,Humans ,BREAST-CANCER ,ddc:610 ,Risk factor ,Carcinoma, Renal Cell ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,DIABETES-MELLITUS ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Body Height ,Surgery ,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY ,Relative risk ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 50943.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Previous studies suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, only a few studies report on measures of central vs. peripheral adiposity. We examined the association between anthropometric measures, including waist and hip circumference and RCC risk among 348,550 men and women free of cancer at baseline from 8 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). During 6.0 years of follow-up we identified 287 incident cases of RCC. Relative risks were calculated using Cox regression, stratified by age and study center and adjusted for smoking status, education, alcohol consumption, physical activity, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy use. Among women, an increased risk of RCC was conferred by body weight (relative risk [RR] in highest vs. lowest quintile = 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-3.90; p-trend = 0.003), body mass index (BMI) (RR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.14-4.44; p-trend = 0.009), and waist (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.94-2.98; p-trend = 0.003) and hip circumference (RR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.22-4.34; p-trend = 0.01); however, waist and hip circumference were no longer significant after controlling for body weight. Among men, hip circumference (RR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20-0.98; p-trend = 0.03) was related significantly to decreased RCC risk only after accounting for body weight. Height was not related significantly to RCC risk. Our findings suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of RCC irrespective of fat distribution among women, whereas low hip circumference is related to increased RCC risk among men. Our data give further credence to public health efforts aiming to reduce the prevalence of obesity to prevent RCC, in addition to other chronic diseases.
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- 2006
34. Serum C-peptide levels and breast cancer risk: Results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
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Kim Overvad, Elio Riboli, Sabina Sieri, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Martijn Verheus, Petra H.M. Peeters, Carlos González, Rosario Tumino, Kay-Tee Khaw, Carmen Navarro, Anja Olsen, Jakob Linseisen, Anne Tjønneland, Bertrand Tehard, J. Ramón Quirós, Laure Dossus, Nera Larranaga, Eva Ardanaz, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Timothy J. Key, Carla H. van Gils, Domenico Palli, Rudolf Kaaks, Petra H. Lahmann, Nadia Slimani, Carlotta Sacerdote, Heiner Boeing, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Sabina Rinaldi, Sheila Bingham, Antonia Trichopoulou, Naomi E. Allen, Carine Biessy, Carmen Martinez Garcia, Majbritt Jeppesen, Gabriele Nagel, Athina Arvaniti, Salvatore Panico, Verheus, M, Peeters, Ph, Rinaldi, S, Dossus, L, Biessy, C, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jeppesen, M, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Tehard, B, Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Arvaniti, A, Psaltopoulou, T, Trichopoulou, A, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Sacerdote, C, Sieri, S, VAN GILS, Ch, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Bh, Gonzalez, Ca, Ardanaz, E, Larranaga, N, Garcia, Cm, Navarro, C, Quiros, Jr, Key, T, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Slimani, N, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Adult ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Breast Neoplasms ,Body Mass Index ,Breast cancer ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Hyperinsulinemia ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Risk factor ,Testosterone ,Aged ,C-Peptide ,biology ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Case-control study ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Postmenopause ,Logistic Models ,Endocrinology ,Premenopause ,Oncology ,Case-Control Studies ,Multivariate Analysis ,biology.protein ,Female ,business - Abstract
It has been hypothesized that chronic hyperinsulinemia, a major metabolic consequence of physical inactivity and excess weight, might increase breast cancer risk by direct effects on breast tissue or indirectly by increasing bioavailable levels of testosterone and estradiol. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we measured serum levels of C-peptide--a marker for pancreatic insulin secretion--in a total of 1,141 incident cases of breast cancer and 2,204 matched control subjects. Additional measurements were made of serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and sex steroids. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate breast cancer risk for different levels of C-peptide. C-peptide was inversely correlated with SHBG and hence directly correlated with free testosterone among both pre and postmenopausal women. C-peptide and free estradiol also correlated positively, but only among postmenopausal women. Elevated serum C-peptide levels were associated with a nonsignificant reduced risk of breast cancer diagnosed up to the age of 50 years [odds ratio (OR)=0.70, (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39-1.24); ptrend=0.05]. By contrast, higher levels of C-peptide were associated with an increase of breast cancer risk among women above 60 years of age, however only among those women who had provided a blood sample under nonfasting conditions [OR=2.03, (95% CI, 1.20-3.43); ptrend=0.01]. Our results do not support the hypothesis that chronic hyperinsulinemia generally increases breast cancer risk, independently of age. Nevertheless, among older, postmenopausal women, hyperinsulinemia might contribute to increasing breast cancer risk.
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- 2006
35. Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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J. Ramón Quirós, Christine M. Friedenreich, Göran Berglund, Sheila Bingham, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Antonia Trichopoulou, Teresa Norat, Rudolf Kaaks, Jakob Linseisen, Carmen Martinez, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Kim Overvad, Carmen Navarro, Petra H. Lahmann, Jytte Halkjær, Sabina Sieri, Miren Dorronsoro, Bethany Van Guelpen, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Elio Riboli, Anne Tjønneland, Richard Palmqvist, Nadia Slimani, Hendriek C. Boshuizen, Petra H.M. Peeters, Manuela M. Bergmann, Tobias Pischon, Kay-Tee Khaw, Domenico Palli, Naomi E. Allen, Heiner Boeing, Rosario Tumino, Aurelio Barricarte, Paolo Vineis, Nikolaus Becker, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Salvatore Panico, Gregory Guernec, Carlos A. González, Pietro Ferrari, Andrew W. Roddam, Pischon, T, Lahmann, Ph, Boeing, H, Friedenreich, C, Norat, T, Tjonneland, A, Halkjaer, J, Overvad, K, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, Guernec, G, Bergmann, Mm, Linseisen, J, Becker, N, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Ph, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Boshuizen, Hc, VAN GUELPEN, B, Palmqvist, R, Berglund, G, Gonzalez, Ca, Dorronsoro, M, Barricarte, A, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, Jr, Roddam, A, Allen, N, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Ferrari, P, Kaaks, R, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,Population ,Abdominal Fat ,Risk Assessment ,Body Mass Index ,Waist–hip ratio ,Sex Factors ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Body Fat Distribution ,Body Size ,Humans ,Obesity ,Prospective Studies ,ddc:610 ,Risk factor ,Sex Distribution ,education ,Life Style ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Gynecology ,education.field_of_study ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Rectal Neoplasms ,Waist-Hip Ratio ,Estrogen Replacement Therapy ,Absolute risk reduction ,Cancer ,Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Postmenopause ,Oncology ,Colonic Neoplasms ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,business ,Body mass index ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Body weight and body mass index (BMI) are positively related to risk of colon cancer in men, whereas weak or no associations exist in women. This discrepancy may be related to differences in fat distribution between sexes or to the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women. METHODS: We used multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between anthropometric measures and risks of colon and rectal cancer among 368 277 men and women who were free of cancer at baseline from nine countries of the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: During 6.1 years of follow-up, we identified 984 and 586 patients with colon and rectal cancer, respectively. Body weight and BMI were statistically significantly associated with colon cancer risk in men (highest versus lowest quintile of BMI, relative risk [RR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 2.15; P(trend) = .006) but not in women. In contrast, comparisons of the highest to the lowest quintile showed that several anthropometric measures, including waist circumference (men, RR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.93; P(trend) = .001; women, RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.03; P(trend) = .008), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; men, RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.15; P(trend) = .006; women, RR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12 to 2.05; P(trend) = .002), and height (men, RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.98; P(trend) = .04; women, RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.46; P(trend)
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- 2006
36. Fruits and vegetables and renal cell carcinoma: findings from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
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Paolo Vineis, Miren Dorronsoro, Athina Arvaniti, Nadia Slimani, Petra H.M. Peeters, Göran Hallmans, Petra H. Lahmann, Naomi E. Allen, Antonia Trichoupoulou, Anja Olsen, Christina Kassapa, Göran Berglund, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Sheila Bingham, Sabina Sieri, Carmen Martinez, Rosario Tumino, Carla H. van Gils, Börje Ljungberg, Teresa Norat, Heiner Boeing, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Andrew W. Roddam, Tobias Pischon, Kim Overvad, Domenico Palli, Mazda Jenab, J. Linseisen, J. Ramón Quirós, Elio Riboli, Guillem Pera, Anne Tjønneland, Nikolaus Becker, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Steffen Weikert, Frederike L. Büchner, Carmen Navarro, Weikert, S, Boeing, H, Pischon, T, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Becker, N, Linseisen, J, Lahmann, Ph, Arvaniti, A, Kassapa, C, Trichoupoulou, A, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Panico, Salvatore, VAN GILS, Ch, Peeters, Ph, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Buchner, Fl, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Berglund, G, Wirfalt, E, Pera, G, Dorronsoro, M, Gurrea, Ab, Navarro, C, Martinez, C, Quiros, Jr, Allen, N, Roddam, A, Bingham, S, Jenab, M, Slimani, N, Norat, T, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Risk Assessment ,Sex Factors ,Interventional oncology [UMCN 1.5] ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Vegetables ,medicine ,Determinants in Health and Disease [EBP 1] ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,Sex Distribution ,Carcinoma, Renal Cell ,Life Style ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Odds ratio ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Kidney Neoplasms ,Surgery ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Oncology ,Relative risk ,Fruit ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,business ,Risk assessment ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 49915.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) We examined the association between fruits and vegetables and risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Dietary intake data and complete follow-up information on cancer incidence were available for 375,851 participants recruited in EPIC centers of 8 countries. During an average follow-up of 6.2 years, 306 incident cases of RCC were identified. The associations of consumption of total vegetables, total fruits, combined total fruits and vegetables and specific subtypes of vegetables with RCC risk were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards, stratified by centre and adjusted for potential confounders. No significant associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and RCC risk were observed despite a wide range of intake. The estimated relative risks (95% confidence intervals [CI]) in men and women combined were 0.97 (0.85-1.11) per 40 g increase in vegetable intake, 1.03 (0.97-1.08) per 40 g increase in fruit intake and 1.02 (0.93-1.11) per 80 g increase in fruit and vegetable intake combined. Among the vegetable subtypes, an inverse association was observed for root vegetables (RR per 8 g increase: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78-0.99). These results suggest that total consumption of fruits and vegetables is not related to risk of RCC, although we cannot exclude the possibility that very low consumption is related to higher risk. The relationship of specific fruit and vegetable subgroups with RCC risk warrant further investigation.
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- 2006
37. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: the prospective EPIC-study
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Carla H. van Gils, Kim Overvad, Elisabet Wirfält, Franco Berrino, Nadia Slimani, Petra H.M. Peeters, Sabine Rohrmann, Salvatore Panico, Sheila Bingham, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Ingegerd Johansson, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anne Tjønneland, Heiner Boeing, Jakob Linseisen, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Lars Weinehall, Frederike L. Büchner, Göran Berglund, Majken K. Jensen, María José Sánchez, Christina Bamia, Elio Riboli, Anja Olsen, Carlotta Sacerdote, Mazda Jenab, Rosario Tumino, Guri Skeie, Naomi E. Allen, Paula Jakszyn, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Petra H. Lahmann, María Dolores Chirlaque, J. Ramón Quirós, Eva Ardanaz, Tobias Pischon, Thomas Dietrich, Pilar Amiano, Kay-Tee Khaw, Domenico Palli, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Teresa Norat, Eiliv Lund, Pietro Ferrari, Timothy J. Key, Kurt Hoffmann, Boeing, H, Dietrich, T, Hoffmann, K, Pischon, T, Ferrari, P, Lahmann, Ph, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Allen, N, Key, T, Skeie, G, Lund, E, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Jensen, Mk, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Trichopoulou, A, Bamia, C, Psaltopoulou, T, Weinehall, L, Johansson, I, Sanchez, Mj, Jakszyn, P, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, Md, Quiros, Jr, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Peeters, Ph, VAN GILS, Ch, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Buchner, Fl, Berrino, F, Palli, D, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Slimani, N, Norat, T, Jenab, M, and Riboli, E.
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Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Esophageal Neoplasms ,Cohort Studies ,Animal science ,Interventional oncology [UMCN 1.5] ,Risk Factors ,Epidemiology ,Vegetables ,medicine ,Determinants in Health and Disease [EBP 1] ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Laryngeal Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Confounding ,Cancer ,Pharyngeal Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Surgery ,Diet ,Oncology ,Fruits and vegetables ,Relative risk ,Fruit ,Cohort ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Female ,Mouth Neoplasms ,business - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 49468.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Epidemiologic studies suggest that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract. We studied data from 345,904 subjects of the prospective European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited in seven European countries, who had completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998. During 2,182,560 person years of observation 352 histologically verified incident squamous cell cancer (SCC) cases (255 males; 97 females) of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus were identified. Linear and restricted cubic spline Cox regressions were fitted on variables of intake of fruits and vegetables and adjusted for potential confounders. We observed a significant inverse association with combined total fruits and vegetables intake (estimated relative risk (RR) = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.00 per 80 g/d of consumption), and nearly significant inverse associations in separate analyses with total fruits and total vegetables intake (RR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.02) and RR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.02) per 40 g/d of consumption). Overall, vegetable subgroups were not related to risk with the exception of intake of root vegetables in men. Restricted cubic spline regression did not improve the linear model fits except for total fruits and vegetables and total fruits with a significant decrease in risk at low intake levels (
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- 2005
38. Serum sex steroids in premenopausal women and breast cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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Domenico Palli, Jenny Chang-Claude, Rudolf Kaaks, Carla H. van Gils, H. Bas Bueno de Mesquita, Petra H.M. Peeters, Pilar Amiano, Gabriele Nagel, Giorgio Secreto, Rosario Tumino, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Agnès Fournier, Elio Riboli, Kay-Tee Khaw, Anne Tjønneland, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Nadia Slimani, Paolo Vineis, Laure Dossus, Sabina Rinaldi, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, J. Ramón Quirós, Vittorio Krogh, Petra H. Lahmann, Anne C. M. Thiébaut, Teresa Norat, Carine Biessy, Sheila Bingham, Ma Dolores Chirlaque, Antonia Trichopoulou, Heiner Boeing, Kim Overvad, Anja Olsen, Franco Berrino, Elena Critselis, Salvatore Panico, Carlos A. González, Pietro Ferrari, Timothy J. Key, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Andrew W. Roddam, Kaaks, R, Berrino, F, Key, T, Rinaldi, S, Dossus, L, Biessy, C, Secreto, G, Amiano, P, Bingham, S, Boeing, H, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, CHANG CLAUDE, J, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Fournier, A, VAN GILS, Ch, Gonzalez, Ca, Gurrea, Ab, Critselis, E, Khaw, Kt, Krogh, V, Lahmann, Ph, Nagel, G, Olsen, A, ONLAND MORET, Nc, Overvad, K, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, P, Quiros, Jr, Roddam, A, Thiebaut, A, Tjonneland, A, Chirlaque, Md, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Norat, T, Ferrari, P, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E.
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Oncology ,Adult ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Urology ,Breast Neoplasms ,EPIC ,Risk Assessment ,Breast cancer ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Risk Factors ,Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ,Internal medicine ,Confidence Intervals ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Prospective cohort study ,Menstrual Cycle ,biology ,Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Logistic Models ,Endocrinology ,Premenopause ,Quartile ,Estrogen ,Case-Control Studies ,biology.protein ,Female ,business - Abstract
Contrasting etiologic hypotheses about the role of endogenous sex steroids in breast cancer development among premenopausal women implicate ovarian androgen excess and progesterone deficiency, estrogen excess, estrogen and progesterone excess, and both an excess or lack of adrenal androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA] or its sulfate [DHEAS]) as risk factors. We conducted a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort to examine associations among premenopausal serum concentrations of sex steroids and subsequent breast cancer risk.Levels of DHEAS, (Delta4-)androstenedione, testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in single prediagnostic serum samples from 370 premenopausal women who subsequently developed breast cancer (case patients) and from 726 matched cancer-free control subjects. Levels of progesterone, estrone, and estradiol were also measured for the 285 case patients and 555 matched control subjects who had provided information about the day of menstrual cycle at blood donation. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks of breast cancer by quartiles of hormone concentrations. All statistical tests were two-sided.Increased risks of breast cancer were associated with elevated serum concentrations of testosterone (odds ratio [OR] for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 2.57; P(trend) = .01), androstenedione (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.32; P(trend) = .01), and DHEAS (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.14; P(trend) = .10) but not SHBG. Elevated serum progesterone concentrations were associated with a statistically significant reduction in breast cancer risk (OR for highest versus lowest quartile = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38 to 0.98; P(trend) = .06). The absolute risk of breast cancer for women younger than 40 followed up for 10 years was estimated at 2.6% for those in the highest quartile of serum testosterone versus 1.5% for those in the lowest quartile; for the highest and lowest quartiles of progesterone, these estimates were 1.7% and 2.6%, respectively. Breast cancer risk was not statistically significantly associated with serum levels of the other hormones.Our results support the hypothesis that elevated blood concentrations of androgens are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women.
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- 2005
39. Postmenopausal serum androgens, oestrogens and breast cancer risk: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
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Domenico Palli, Naomi E. Allen, Rudolph Kaaks, H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita, Jenny Chang-Claude, Carine Biessy, Laure Dossus, Pilar Amiano, Paolo Vineis, Petra H.M. Peeters, R. Tumino, C. H. van Gils, Gabriele Nagel, Annekatrin Lukanova, Agnès Fournier, R. Saracci, S. Rinaldi, F. Clavel-Chapelon, Salvatore Panico, Teresa Norat, Pietro Ferrari, Elio Riboli, Victoria Kalapothaki, J. R. Quirós, M. J. Tormo, Timothy J. Key, Petra H. Lahmann, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, K-T Khaw, H. Boeing, Franco Berrino, Diederik E. Grobbee, Carlos A. González, Anne C. M. Thiébaut, E. Ardanaz, Vittorio Krogh, Sheila Bingham, Antonia Trichopoulou, University of Groningen, Kaaks, R, Rinaldi, S, Key, Tj, Berrino, F, Peeters, Ph, Biessy, C, Dossus, L, Lukanova, A, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Allen, Ne, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, VAN GILS, Ch, Grobbee, D, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Nagel, G, CHANG CLAUDE, J, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Fournier, A, Thiebaut, A, Gonzalez, Ca, Quiros, Jr, Tormo, Mj, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Krogh, V, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Vineis, P, Trichopoulou, A, Kalapothaki, V, Trichopoulos, D, Ferrari, P, Norat, T, Saracci, R, and Riboli, E.
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Male ,PREMENOPAUSAL ,Cancer Research ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cohort Studies ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Sex hormone-binding globulin ,Risk Factors ,TESTOSTERONE ,Medicine ,Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,ESTRADIOL ,Testosterone ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,WOMEN ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Postmenopause ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,RELIABILITY ,Androgens ,Female ,COLLABORATIVE REANALYSIS ,Androgen replacement therapy ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,medicine.medical_specialty ,DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Breast Neoplasms ,URINARY ANDROGENS ,Geneeskunde ,REPLACEMENT THERAPY ,03 medical and health sciences ,Breast cancer ,Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,SEX-HORMONE LEVELS ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,business.industry ,Estrogens ,medicine.disease ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,biology.protein ,business - Abstract
Considerable experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that elevated endogenous sex steroids — notably androgens and oestrogens — promote breast tumour development. In spite of this evidence, postmenopausal androgen replacement therapy with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or testosterone has been advocated for the prevention of osteoporosis and improved sexual well-being. We have conducted a case–control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Levels of DHEA sulphate (DHEAS), (Δ4-androstenedione), testosterone, oestrone, oestradiol and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in prediagnostic serum samples of 677 postmenopausal women who subsequently developed breast cancer and 1309 matched control subjects. Levels of free testosterone and free oestradiol were calculated from absolute concentrations of testosterone, oestradiol and SHBG. Logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks of breast cancer by quintiles of hormone concentrations. For all sex steroids –the androgens as well as the oestrogens – elevated serum levels were positively associated with breast cancer risk, while SHBG levels were inversely related to risk. For the androgens, relative risk estimates (95% confidence intervals) between the top and bottom quintiles of the exposure distribution were: DHEAS 1.69 (1.23–2.33), androstenedione 1.94 (1.40–2.69), testosterone 1.85 (1.33–2.57) and free testosterone 2.50 (1.76–3.55). For the oestrogens, relative risk estimates were: oestrone 2.07 (1.42–3.02), oestradiol 2.28 (1.61–3.23) and free oestradiol (odds ratios 2.13 (1.52–2.98)). Adjustments for body mass index or other potential confounding factors did not substantially alter any of these relative risk estimates. Our results have shown that, among postmenopausal women, not only elevated serum oestrogens but also serum androgens are associated with increased breast cancer risk. Since DHEAS and androstenedione are largely of adrenal origin in postmenopausal women, our results indicated that elevated adrenal androgen synthesis is a risk factor for breast cancer. The results from this study caution against the use of DHEA(S), or other androgens, for postmenopausal androgen replacement therapy.
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- 2005
40. Body size and breast cancer risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer And Nutrition (EPIC)
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Lahmann, P. H., Hoffmann, K., Allen, N., Gils, C. H., Khaw, K. T., Tehard, B., Berrino, F., Tjønneland, A., Bigaard, J., Anja Viendahl Olsen, Kim Overvad, Clavel-Chapelon, F., Nagel, G., Boeing, H., Trichopoulos, D., Economou, G., Bellos, G., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Sacerdote, C., Krogh, V., Peeters, P. H., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B., Lund, E., Ardanaz, E., Amiano, P., Pera, G., Quiros, J. R., Martinez, C., Tormo, M. J., Wirfalt, E., Berglund, G., Hallmans, G., Key, T. J., Reeves, G., Bingham, S., Norat, T., Biessy, C., Kaaks, R., Riboli, E., Lahmann, Ph, Hoffmann, K, Allen, N, VAN GILS, Ch, Khaw, Kt, Tehard, B, Berrino, F, Tjonneland, A, Bigaard, J, Olsen, A, Overvad, K, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Nagel, G, Boeing, H, Trichopoulos, D, Economou, G, Bellos, G, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Sacerdote, C, Krogh, V, Peeters, Ph, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Lund, E, Ardanaz, E, Amiano, P, Pera, G, Quiros, Jr, Martinez, C, Tormo, Mj, Wirfalt, E, Berglund, G, Hallmans, G, Key, Tj, Reeves, G, Bingham, S, Norat, T, Biessy, C, Kaaks, R, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Hormone Replacement Therapy ,Incidence ,Body Weight ,Nutritional Status ,Breast Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Body Height ,Body Mass Index ,Cohort Studies ,Europe ,Postmenopause ,Adipose Tissue ,Premenopause ,Risk Factors ,Abdomen ,Body Composition ,Humans ,Female ,Obesity ,Prospective Studies ,Aged - Abstract
The evidence for anthropometric factors influencing breast cancer risk is accumulating, but uncertainties remain concerning the role of fat distribution and potential effect modifiers. We used data from 73,542 premenopausal and 103,344 postmenopausal women from 9 European countries, taking part in the EPIC study. RRs from Cox regression models were calculated, using measured height, weight, BMI and waist and hip circumferences; categorized by cohort-wide quintiles; and expressed as continuous variables, adjusted for study center, age and other risk factors. During 4.7 years of follow-up, 1,879 incident invasive breast cancers were identified. In postmenopausal women, current HRT modified the body size-breast cancer association. Among nonusers, weight, BMI and hip circumference were positively associated with breast cancer risk (all ptrend < or = 0.002); obese women (BMI > 30) had a 31% excess risk compared to women with BMI < 25. Among HRT users, body measures were inversely but nonsignificantly associated with breast cancer. Excess breast cancer risk with HRT was particularly evident among lean women. Pooled RRs per height increment of 5 cm were 1.05 (95% CI 1.00-1.16) in premenopausal and 1.10 (95% CI 1.05-1.16) in postmenopausal women. Among premenopausal women, hip circumference was the only other measure significantly related to breast cancer (ptrend = 0.03), after accounting for BMI. In postmenopausal women not taking exogenous hormones, general obesity is a significant predictor of breast cancer, while abdominal fat assessed as waist-hip ratio or waist circumference was not related to excess risk when adjusted for BMI. Among premenopausal women, weight and BMI showed nonsignificant inverse associations with breast cancer.
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- 2004
41. Consumption of Vegetables and Fruits and Risk of Breast Cancer
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Naomi E. Allen, Jakob Linseisen, Timothy J. Key, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Anne Tjønneland, Gabriele Nagel, Sabina Sieri, Eva Ardanaz, Heiner Boeing, Elin Alsaker, Sheila Bingham, Dagrun Engeset, Antonia Trichopoulou, Petra H.M. Peeters, Pilar Amiano, Maria Koliva, Rosario Tumino, Per Lenner, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Elio Riboli, Kay-Tee Khaw, Göran Hallmans, Carmen Navarro, José Ramón Quirós, Paolo Vineis, Carla H. van Gils, Teresa Norat, Elisabet Wirfält, Salvatore Panico, Domenico Palli, Carlos González, Anja Olsen, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Petra H. Lahmann, Nadia Slimani, Kim Overvad, Göran Berglund, Emmanuelle Kesse, Anne C. M. Thiébaut, Hendriek C. Boshuizen, María José Sánchez, Rudolf Kaaks, Eiliv Lund, VAN GILS, Ch, Peeters, Ph, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Boshuizen, Hc, Lahmann, Ph, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, Thiebaut, A, Kesse, E, Sieri, S, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, P, Gonzalez, Ca, Ardanaz, E, Sanchez, Mj, Amiano, P, Navarro, C, Quiros, Jr, Key, Tj, Allen, N, Khaw, Kt, Bingham, Sa, Psaltopoulou, T, Koliva, M, Trichopoulou, A, Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Berglund, G, Wirfalt, E, Hallmans, G, Lenner, P, Overvad, K, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Lund, E, Engeset, D, Alsaker, E, Norat, T, Kaaks, R, Slimani, N, and Riboli, E.
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Adult ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Context (language use) ,Breast Neoplasms ,Research Support ,Breast cancer ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Environmental health ,Vegetables ,Journal Article ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,Prospective cohort study ,Non-U.S. Gov't ,Life Style ,Aged ,Gynecology ,Consumption (economics) ,business.industry ,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ,Incidence ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Diet ,Europe ,Relative risk ,Fruit ,Female ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
CONTEXT: The intake of vegetables and fruits has been thought to protect against breast cancer. Most of the evidence comes from case-control studies, but a recent pooled analysis of the relatively few published cohort studies suggests no significantly reduced breast cancer risk is associated with vegetable and fruit consumption. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between total and specific vegetable and fruit intake and the incidence of breast cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective study of 285,526 women between the ages of 25 and 70 years, participating in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, recruited from 8 of the 10 participating European countries. Participants completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998 and were followed up for incidence of cancer until 2002. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative risks for breast cancer by total and specific vegetable and fruit intake. Analyses were stratified by age at recruitment and study center. Relative risks were adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors. RESULTS: During 1,486,402 person-years (median duration of follow-up, 5.4 years), 3659 invasive incident breast cancer cases were reported. No significant associations between vegetable or fruit intake and breast cancer risk were observed. Relative risks for the highest vs the lowest quintile were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.14) for total vegetables, 1.09 (95% CI , 0.94-1.25) for total fruit, and 1.05 (95% CI , 0.92-1.20) for fruit and vegetable juices. For 6 specific vegetable subgroups no associations with breast cancer risk were observed either. CONCLUSION: Although the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer.
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- 2005
42. IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk in women: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
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M. C. Boutron-Ruault, Rudolf Kaaks, P.A.H. van Noord, Antonio Agudo, Naomi E. Allen, Franco Berrino, Annekatrin Lukanova, Kim Overvad, Gabriele Nagel, Salvatore Panico, Kay-Tee Khaw, Sheila Bingham, Heiner Boeing, Carlotta Sacerdote, Timothy J. Key, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Aurelio Barricarte, Antonia Trichopoulou, H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita, M-D Chirlaque, Carine Biessy, Bertrand Tehard, C. H. van Gils, Domenico Palli, Nadia Slimani, J. Linseisen, Elio Riboli, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, C. A. Gonzalez, Anne Tjønneland, A. Olsen, P. H. M. Peeters, Maria Koliva, Laure Dossus, Rosario Tumino, J. R. Quirós, Petra H. Lahmann, R. Saracci, S. Rinaldi, Nerea Larrañaga, Diederik E. Grobbee, Rinaldi, S, Peeters, Ph, Berrino, F, Dossus, L, Biessy, C, Olsen, A, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, CLAVEL CHAPELON, F, BOUTRON RUAULT, Mc, Tehard, B, Nagel, G, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Lahmann, Ph, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Koliva, M, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, VAN GILS, Ch, VAN NOORD, P, Grobbee, De, BUENO DE MESQUITA, Hb, Gonzalez, Ca, Agudo, A, Chirlaque, Md, Barricarte, A, Larranaga, N, Quiros, Jr, Bingham, S, Khaw, Kt, Key, T, Allen, Ne, Lukanova, A, Slimani, N, Saracci, R, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, R.
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Adult ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Breast Neoplasms ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Breast cancer ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,ddc:610 ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Prospective cohort study ,Gynecology ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,C-peptide ,Incidence ,Cancer ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,business - Abstract
Blood concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) have recently been associated with breast cancer risk, notably in women who developed breast cancer at a young age. Prospective studies published so far, however, were relatively small and odds ratio (OR) estimates imprecise. We present the results of a large prospective case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition on total IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk including 1081 incident cases of invasive breast cancer and 2098 matched control subjects. Increasing IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations were associated with a significant increase in breast cancer risk in women who developed breast cancer after 50 years of age (highest vs lowest quintile OR 1.38 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.86), P = 0.01, and 1.44 (95% CI 1.04–1.98), P = 0.01, respectively), but no relationship was observed in younger women (OR = 1.03 (95% CI 0.60–1.77), P = 0.81 for IGF-I, and OR = 0.92 (95% CI 0.50–1.70), P = 0.69 for IGFBP-3). There was, however, significant heterogeneity in the relationship of breast cancer with serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels depending on the time interval between blood donation and tumor diagnosis. A reduction in breast cancer risk with increasing IGF-I concentrations was observed in cases with a diagnosis of cancer less than 2 years after blood donation, (OR = 0.76 (95% CI 0.57–1.03)), while an increase in risk was observed for women with a later diagnosis (above or equal to two years after blood collection, OR = 1.51 (95% CI 1.19–1.91)). A similar pattern was observed for IGFBP-3. This study confirms previous findings for an association of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations with breast cancer risk, particularly for women with a later diagnosis of cancer, but it does not support the hypothesis of an involvement of IGF-I in younger women.
43. Lifestyle correlates of dietary patterns among young adults: evidence from an Australian birth cohort.
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Ushula TW, Lahmann PH, Mamun A, Wang WY, Williams GM, and Najman JM
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Objective: Previous studies of sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates of dietary patterns among young adults have primarily focused on physical activity and smoking, with inconclusive results. This study aims to examine the associations between a broader range of lifestyles of young adults and their patterns of food consumption., Design: Cross-sectional., Setting: Brisbane, Australia., Participants: The data set are from a long running birth cohort study which commenced in 1981. Details of dietary intake and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were from the 21-year follow-up of the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP) birth cohort. The effective cohort (n 2665, 57 % women) is of young adult offspring. Usual dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data on sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were obtained from self-reports., Results: Western and prudent dietary patterns were identified for the combined cohort of women and men using principal components analysis. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations between lifestyle variables and dietary patterns adjusting for potential confounders. Results from multivariable adjusted models showed that physical activity, watching TV and smoking were strongly associated with each dietary pattern; alcohol consumption and BMI showed weaker associations (P < 0·05 for all)., Conclusions: Our study describes a clustering of unhealthy lifestyles in young adults. Young adults with unhealthy lifestyles less often adhere to a healthy prudent dietary pattern and more often an unhealthy Western pattern. Dietary preferences are enmeshed in a lifestyle matrix which includes physical activity, sedentary activity, smoking and alcohol consumption of young adults.
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- 2021
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44. Dietary patterns and weight change: 15-year longitudinal study in Australian adults.
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Arabshahi S, Ibiebele TI, Hughes MCB, Lahmann PH, Williams GM, and van der Pols JC
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- Adult, Aged, Australia epidemiology, Body Mass Index, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fruit, Humans, Life Style, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Meat, Middle Aged, Nutrition Assessment, Principal Component Analysis, Risk Factors, Sample Size, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vegetables, Diet, Obesity epidemiology, Weight Gain
- Abstract
Background: Dietary intake is one of the most modifiable risk factors associated with obesity. However, data on the relationship between dietary patterns and long-term weight change are limited., Purpose: We therefore investigated the association between dietary patterns and 15-year weight change in a sample of 1186 Australian adults (1992-2007)., Methods: We measured body weight and collected data on socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics in 1992 and 2007. Applying principal component analysis to 38 food groups from a food frequency questionnaire collected at baseline, we identified two dietary patterns: 'meat-and-fat' and 'fruit-and-vegetable.' Using generalized estimating equations, multivariable regression models, stratified by sex, were adjusted for concurrent changes in socio-demographic and lifestyle variables., Results: The average increase in body weight of men in the highest tertile of the meat-and-fat pattern was more than twice that of men in the lowest tertile; mean weight change (95 % CI): 4.8 (-0.1, 9.7) kg versus 2.3 (-2.6, 7.1) kg, P-for-trend = 0.02. In contrast, average weight gain of men in the highest tertile of the fruit-and-vegetable pattern was only about half that of men in the lowest tertile; mean weight change (95 % CI): 2.9 (-2.0, 7.8) kg versus 5.4 (-1.5, 10.4) kg, P-for-trend = 0.02. Among women, dietary patterns were not related to weight change., Conclusions: These dietary patterns predict change in body weight in men, but not in women. In this cohort, a dietary pattern high in fruit and vegetables was related to less weight gain in men than a dietary pattern high in meat and fat.
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- 2017
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45. Mother-adult offspring resemblance in dietary intake: a community-based cohort study in Australia.
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Lahmann PH, Williams GM, Najman JM, and Mamun AA
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- Adolescent, Adult, Australia, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Surveys, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Adult Children, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Mothers
- Abstract
Background: It has been widely recognized that parental dietary intake is an important and consistent factor influencing children's food intake. However, there are conflicting results with regard to the strength of the parental-child resemblance in dietary intake. Moreover, this association has rarely been investigated in young adult offspring., Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the dietary intake and food consumption of middle-aged women and their female and male adult offspring (aged 18-23 y) and to examine the association in dietary intake between sex-specific mother-child dyads., Design: We used cross-sectional dietary data for 2017 mother-child pairs from the 21-y follow-up of the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, a birth cohort study. Dietary information was obtained with the use of a 74-item food-frequency questionnaire. We assessed multivariate-adjusted mother-offspring correlations in selected nutrients and food groups and performed correlational analysis while stratifying by living arrangements., Results: Both sons and daughters had a significantly lower percentage of energy from protein than did their mothers. Sons had a significantly higher percentage of energy from fat and a lower percentage of energy from carbohydrates than did their mothers, whereas there was no difference between daughters and mothers. The mother-offspring correlations were weak (r = 0.12-0.29) for most dietary factors and tended to be slightly higher in mother-daughter dyads than in mother-son dyads. Overall, correlations appeared to be stronger in offspring still living with their parents than with their counterparts not living at home, specifically the correlations for consumption of vegetables and rice., Conclusions: Mother-adult offspring dietary resemblance in this Australian cohort was only weak and varied by nutrients, food groups, and the offspring's sex and living arrangements. Factors other than parental dietary habits and home environment seem to have a stronger influence on the diets of young adults., (© 2017 American Society for Nutrition.)
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- 2017
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46. Dietary behaviours, weight loss attempts and change in waist circumference: 15-year longitudinal study in Australian adults.
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Arabshahi S, Lahmann PH, Hughes MC, Williams GW, and van der Pols JC
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- Australia, Humans, Feeding Behavior, Waist Circumference, Weight Loss
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Background and Objectives: Dietary behaviours are suitable as clearly identifiable targets of dietary counselling to prevent weight gain. We therefore investigated associations between dietary behaviours, weight loss attempts and waist circumference change., Methods and Study Design: Participants were a community-based sample population residing in Nambour, Australia, including 1,317 adults, aged 25-75 years at baseline. Waist circumference was measured in 1992 and 2007, and dietary behaviours data were derived concurrently from repeated self-completed short dietary questions. Multivariable models, stratified by sex, were adjusted for potential confounders., Results: In men, consumption of visible fat on meat and in women, weight loss attempts in the last 10 years were the most important predictors of waist circumference gain independent of socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics and energy intake. Men who consumed most visible fat on meat had a 2.6 times larger yearly increase in waist circumference than men who tended to cut the fat off meat: 0.47 (95% CI 0.23, 0.72) vs 0.18 (95% CI 0.01, 0.34) cm/year, p=0.01. Women who reported that they were always trying to lose weight had a 2.7 times larger yearly increase in waist circumference than women who never tried to lose weight: 0.78 (0.54, 1.02) vs 0.29 (0.06, 0.52) cm/year, p=0.0001. Other dietary behaviours were not associated with change in waist circumference., Conclusions: Consumption of visible fat on meat by men and more frequent attempts to lose weight by women were main dietary behaviours associated with gain in abdominal adiposity in Australian adults.
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- 2017
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47. A prospective study of measured body size and height and risk of keratinocyte cancers and melanoma.
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Lahmann PH, Hughes MC, Williams GM, and Green AC
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- Adult, Aged, Australia epidemiology, Carcinoma, Basal Cell etiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell etiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Melanoma etiology, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Prospective Studies, Queensland, Risk Factors, Self Report, Skin Neoplasms etiology, Body Height, Body Size, Carcinoma, Basal Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Keratinocytes pathology, Melanoma epidemiology, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology
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Background: The potential influence of measured body weight and height on keratinocyte skin cancer risk has scarcely been studied. Some evidence indicates melanoma risk increases as self-reported height increases, but an association with body mass index (BMI) is less certain., Methods: We measured body weight and height of 1171 Australian men and women in a community-based skin cancer study in Queensland and prospectively examined the association of BMI, body surface area (BSA) and height and incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma while accounting for skin phenotype, sun exposure, clinical/cutaneous signs of chronic photodamage and other risk factors., Results: During 16 years of follow-up, 334 and 188 participants newly developed BCC and SCC, respectively; 28 participants were diagnosed with primary melanoma. BMI and BSA were unrelated to skin cancer incidence. After full adjustment, height was significantly associated with SCC development in men (relative risk (RR)=1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.11-2.48, for ≥175cm vs ≤171cm, Ptrend=0.017), and BCC in women (Ptrend=0.043). Melanoma in men, was similarly positively associated with height (RR per 5cm increment=1.55; 95%CI 0.97-2.47, P=0.067) though not significantly., Conclusion: This study shows that after adjusting for sun exposure tall stature may be a risk factor for the most common types of skin cancer BCC, SCC, and melanoma, while body mass and surface area appear unrelated to risk., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2016
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48. Predictors of change in weight and waist circumference: 15-year longitudinal study in Australian adults.
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Arabshahi S, Lahmann PH, Williams GM, and van der Pols JC
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- 2015
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49. A case-control study of glycemic index, glycemic load and dietary fiber intake and risk of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus: the Australian Cancer Study.
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Lahmann PH, Ibiebele TI, Webb PM, Nagle CM, and Whiteman DC
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- Aged, Australia epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Population Surveillance, Risk, Risk Factors, Blood Glucose, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell etiology, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Esophageal Neoplasms epidemiology, Esophageal Neoplasms etiology, Glycemic Index
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Background: Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been investigated as etiologic factors for some cancers, but epidemiological data on possible associations between dietary carbohydrate intake and esophageal cancer are scant. This study examined the association between GI, GL, and other dietary carbohydrate components and risk of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus accounting for established risk factors., Methods: We analyzed data from a population-based Australian case-control study (2002-05) comprising 299 adenocarcinoma (EAC), 337 gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (EGJAC), 245 squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and 1507 controls sampled from a population registry. Dietary information was obtained using a 135-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); GI and GL were derived from an Australian GI database. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs)., Results: All three case groups tended to have a lower intake of fiber, and significantly higher intake of fat, total energy, and alcohol (ESCC only) compared to controls. GI was unrelated to all histological types. Higher GL was not associated with risk of EAC and EGJAC, but was inversely associated with risk of ESCC (adjusted model, p(trend) = 0.006), specifically among men where we observed a 58% reduced risk of ESCC in the highest versus the lowest quartile. Increased intake of total carbohydrates and starch was related to similarly large risk reductions of ESCC. Fiber intake was strongly and inversely associated with risk of EAC, EGJAC and ESCC (all p(trend) ≤ 0.001), indicating risk reductions of 28%-37% per 10 g/day., Conclusions: This study suggests a reduced risk of esophageal SCC with higher GL level particularly in men, but provides no evidence for the role of GI in the development of esophageal cancer. In addition, increased fiber intake appears to be associated with lower risk of all histological types of esophageal cancer.
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- 2014
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50. Dietary phyto-oestrogens and the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers: findings from two Australian case-control studies.
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Neill AS, Ibiebele TI, Lahmann PH, Hughes MC, Nagle CM, and Webb PM
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- Aged, Australia, Case-Control Studies, Diet Surveys, Female, Furans pharmacology, Furans therapeutic use, Humans, Isoflavones pharmacology, Lignans pharmacology, Lignans therapeutic use, Lignin pharmacology, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Phytoestrogens pharmacology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous prevention & control, Diet, Endometrial Neoplasms prevention & control, Isoflavones therapeutic use, Lignin therapeutic use, Ovarian Neoplasms prevention & control, Phytoestrogens therapeutic use
- Abstract
Phyto-oestrogens have been suggested to have a protective effect on hormone-sensitive cancers. However, few studies have investigated the association between dietary phyto-oestrogens and gynaecological cancers. In the present study, we analysed data from two population-based case-control studies of ovarian (1366 cases and 1414 controls) and endometrial (1288 cases and 1435 controls) cancers. Dietary intake information was obtained using a 135-item FFQ, and phyto-oestrogen intake was estimated using published food composition databases. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted OR and 95% CI. In multivariable analyses, there was a suggestive pattern of inverse associations between increasing intakes of total phyto-oestrogens, isoflavones and enterolignans and the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the results only reached statistical significance for the lignan compounds matairesinol and lariciresinol, where the OR for the highest v. the lowest intake category was 0.72 (95% CI 0.54, 0.96; P for trend = 0.02) for matairesinol and 0.72 (95% CI 0.55, 0.96; P for trend = 0.03) for lariciresinol. When the risk of ovarian cancer was assessed by subtype, there was an indication that increasing intakes of phyto-oestrogens may be associated with a decreased risk of mucinous (cases n 158) ovarian tumours (OR for the highest v. the lowest intake category: 0.47 (95% CI 0.24, 0.93); P for trend = 0.04). However, there were no significant associations with other histological subtypes. In contrast, dietary phyto-oestrogens (total or any subclass) were unrelated to the risk of endometrial cancer cases overall or by subtype.
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- 2014
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