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The core concept of socialism with Chinese characteristics for the new era is to promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic system and the construction of sustainable ecological civilization. In the wake of the COVID-19, it has become a major issue for countries around the world to pursue green recovery. Green is a necessary condition for sustainable development, finance is the leading force of social economy, and the development of green finance is the core call of today's era. Guangdong, as the main force of the national economic lifeline, took the lead in green finance innovation and promoted the transformation and adjustment of leading industries. At present, the banking industry has repeatedly disclosed the environment, society and governance (ESG) in its social responsibility reports in order to achieve the strategic goal of carbon peak and carbon neutral, but there is a lack of systematic review on the measures and implementation. Aiming at objective problems, this paper mainly discusses how green finance stimulates sustainability and explores the value potential of the future economy and society. Based on this, this paper selected 300 literatures from the Web of Science (WOS) database, mapped the coword cluster, and analyzed their annual trend, topic scope, literature sources, etc. With the help of big data analysis technology and visualization software function, scientometrics is used to demonstrate the possibility and feasibility of the research contents in relevant fields, and to produce cutting-edge academic achievements with insight. In order to achieve the ultimate goal of green development with capital and financial design for diversified and deep thinking, to provide reference value theory for co-construction environment, data-driven investment scale and sustainable development, to accelerate the green finance reform in Guangdong Province and even the country to make a forward-looking small contribution.