35 results on '"Lask, Jan"'
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2. A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of a New Cellulose-Based Composite and Glass Fibre Reinforced Composites
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Liu, Yuanxi, Lask, Jan, Kupfer, Robert, Gude, Maik, and Feldner, Alexander
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- 2024
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3. Learning to change: Transformative knowledge for building a sustainable bioeconomy
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Urmetzer, Sophie, Lask, Jan, Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, and Pyka, Andreas
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- 2020
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4. The Bioeconomist
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Lask, Jan, Maier, Jan, Tchouga, Boris, Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, and Lewandowski, Iris, editor
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- 2018
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5. Context
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Lewandowski, Iris, Gaudet, Nicole, Lask, Jan, Maier, Jan, Tchouga, Boris, Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, and Lewandowski, Iris, editor
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- 2018
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6. Introduction
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Lewandowski, Iris, Gaudet, Nicole, Lask, Jan, Maier, Jan, Tchouga, Boris, Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, and Lewandowski, Iris, editor
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- 2018
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7. Agrivoltaics: The Environmental Impacts of Combining Food Crop Cultivation and Solar Energy Generation
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Wagner, Moritz, primary, Lask, Jan, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, Weselek, Axel, additional, Högy, Petra, additional, Trommsdorff, Max, additional, Schnaiker, Marc-André, additional, and Bauerle, Andrea, additional
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- 2023
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8. Context
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Lewandowski, Iris, primary, Gaudet, Nicole, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, Maier, Jan, additional, Tchouga, Boris, additional, and Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, additional
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- 2017
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9. The Bioeconomist
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Lask, Jan, primary, Maier, Jan, additional, Tchouga, Boris, additional, and Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, additional
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- 2017
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10. Introduction
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Lewandowski, Iris, primary, Gaudet, Nicole, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, Maier, Jan, additional, Tchouga, Boris, additional, and Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, additional
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- 2017
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11. The True Costs and Benefits of Miscanthus Cultivation
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Wagner, Moritz, primary, Winkler, Bastian, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, Weik, Jan, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Koch, Mirjam, additional, Clifton-Brown, John, additional, and von Cossel, Moritz, additional
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- 2022
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12. Comparative LCA studies of simulated HMF biorefineries from maize and miscanthus as an example of first‐ and second‐generation biomass as a tool for process development.
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Götz, Markus, Lask, Jan, Lewandowski, Iris, and Kruse, Andrea
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MISCANTHUS , *HIGH-fructose corn syrup , *CORN , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *BIOMASS , *BIOMASS chemicals , *BIOMASS conversion - Abstract
5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a versatile platform chemical for a fossil free, bio‐based chemical industry. HMF can be produced by using fructose as a feedstock. Using edible, first‐generation biomass to produce chemicals has been questioned in terms of potential competition with food supply. Second‐generation biomass like miscanthus could be an alternative. However, there is a lack of information if second‐generation lignocellulosic biomass is a more sustainable feedstock to produce HMF. Therefore, a life cycle assessment was performed in this study to determine the environmental impacts of HMF production from miscanthus and to compare it with HMF from high‐fructose corn syrup (HFCS). HFCS from either Hungary or Baden‐Württemberg (Germany) was considered. Compared to the HFCS biorefineries the miscanthus concept is producing less emissions in all impact categories studied, except land occupation. Overall, the production and usage of second‐generation biomass could be especially beneficial in areas where the use of N fertilizers is restricted. Besides, conclusions for the further development of the on‐farm biorefinery concept were elaborated. For this purpose, process simulations from a previous study were used. Results of the previous study in terms of TEA and the current LCA study in terms of environmental sustainability indicate that the lignin depolymerization unit in the miscanthus biorefinery has to be improved. The scenario without lignin depolymerization performs better in all impact categories. The authors recommend to not further convert the lignin to products like phenol and other aromatic compounds. The results of the contribution analyses show that the major impact in the HMF production is caused by the auxiliary materials in the separation units and the required heat. Further technical development should focus on efficient heat as well as solvent use and solvent recovery. At this point further optimizations will lead to reduced emissions and costs at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Implications of large‐scale miscanthus cultivation in water protection areas: A Life Cycle Assessment with model coupling for improved policy support
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Weik, Jan, primary, Lask, Jan, additional, Petig, Eckart, additional, Seeger, Stefan, additional, Marting Vidaurre, Nirvana, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Weiler, Markus, additional, Bahrs, Enno, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, and Angenendt, Elisabeth, additional
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- 2022
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14. Identifying methodological challenges in the social risk assessment of cellulosic ethanol value chains
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Marting Vidaurre, Nirvana A., primary, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, and Lask, Jan, additional
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- 2022
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15. Assessing biodiversity potential of arable farms – A conceptual approach.
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Weber, Rolf, Kuhlmann, Marius, Lask, Jan, Braun, Jürgen, and Frank, Markus
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- 2023
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16. Life cycle assessment of perennial cultivation systems : advancing applicability and comprehensiveness
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Lask, Jan
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Vollständigkeit ,Anwendbarkeit ,Applicability ,Nachhaltigkeit ,Sustainability ,Perennial cultivation systems ,LCA ,Umweltbilanz ,Comprehensiveness ,ddc:630 ,Mehrjährige Anbausysteme ,Agriculture - Abstract
Resource-efficient perennial cultivation systems are considered promising sources of sustainably produced biomass to meet the growing demand of a future European bioeconomy. They require fewer agricultural procedures than annual systems, contribute to an increase in soil carbon sequestration and can be productive on marginal land. In Europe, the C4 grass miscanthus is the most prominent and best researched perennial crop for lignocellulosic biomass production. Recently, wild plant mixtures (WPM) have been suggested as a more diverse alternative system. Perennial cultivation systems have already been the subject of multiple sustainability assessments, with life cycle assessment (LCA) being the method most commonly used. This method aims to provide a holistic depiction of the environmental performance of a system. However, two challenges are usually encountered. First, results of agricultural LCAs very much depend on site- and management-specific characteristics. Parameters such as biomass yield, quantity of fertiliser applied and carbon sequestered can vary considerably, impairing the applicability of the method. Second, most of these studies focus on greenhouse gas emissions only. Land use impacts on biodiversity are commonly neglected, casting doubt on the comprehensiveness that LCA is trying to achieve. This thesis aims to advance the applicability and comprehensiveness of LCA of perennial cultivation systems. For this purpose, it focuses on three aspects relevant to the assessment of such systems, each of which was addressed by a dedicated research question: 1) How can the conducting and application of LCAs of perennial cultivations systems be simplified? 2) Which methodological approaches are best suited for the consideration of carbon sequestration and storage in LCAs of perennial cultivation systems? 3) How can land use impacts of perennial cultivation systems on biodiversity best be incorporated into the LCA framework? These questions were answered by applying the LCA method to perennial cultivation systems in three case studies, using specific approaches for the inclusion of sensitivity analysis and the evaluation of carbon sequestration and storage. In addition, information on the biodiversity impacts of perennial crop cultivation was collated by means of a meta-analysis which compared species richness and abundance in annual and perennial crop cultivation systems. Due to the variability of agricultural systems, the life cycle inventory phase can be quite intricate. Thus, the conducting of an LCA can be substantially simplified by focusing on a few relevant inputs and outputs only. In this thesis a global sensitivity analysis was used to identify the most important inventory parameters in the greenhouse gas assessment of miscanthus cultivation: carbon sequestration, biomass yield, length of the cultivation period, nitrogen and potassium fertiliser application, and the distance over which the harvested biomass is transported. Focusing on these inventory parameters, a simplified model was developed. It allows farmers and SME active in miscanthus-based value chains easy access to customised LCA results. This thesis includes a detailed analysis of the relevance of carbon sequestration and storage in the sustainability assessment of perennial cultivation systems. It was found that the quantity and in particular the permanence of carbon sequestered through the cultivation of perennial crops are critical for their favourability in terms of global warming impacts. Two alternative methodological approaches for the quantification of carbon sequestered were tested within two of the case studies a simple carbon model and an allometric approach. In addition, the handling of the uncertain permanence of the carbon storage was reflected upon. The approaches were compared with regard to their suitability for use by typical LCA practitioners. It was concluded that allometric models should be used for the quantification of carbon sequestered and the corresponding amount accounted for as delayed emissions. This combination provides a manageable approach for the accounting of benefits from carbon sequestration and storage, and also prevents their overestimation. Established impact assessment methods such as ReCiPe2016 suggest characterisation factors for the incorporation of land use impacts on biodiversity into LCA. These factors use relative species richness as an indicator and assume a higher species richness in perennial than annual cultivation systems. This thesis includes a critical review of these characterisation factors, drawing on the results of the meta-analysis comparison of species richness in annual arable crops and perennial rhizomatous grasses. The meta-study did not confirm a higher number of species in perennial rhizomatous grasses than in annual arable crops. It was concluded that LCA studies on perennial cultivation systems need to be cautious in their application of the land use characterisation factors suggested in present-day impact assessment methods. Criticisms of the approach include the application of one single characterisation factor for diverse perennial cultivation systems such as WPM and miscanthus and the sole focus on species richness. In future, LCA research should focus on context-specific adjustment options for land use characterisation factors to ensure an adequate representation of biodiversity impacts in agricultural LCAs. Finally, the current focus on species richness in biodiversity impact assessment needs to be reassessed. Mehrjährige Anbausysteme werden als vielversprechende Quellen für nachhaltig produzierte Biomasse für eine europäische Bioökonomie betrachtet. Diese Systeme nutzen Ressourcen effizient und benötigen weniger Kulturmaßnahmen als einjährige Anbausysteme. Sie können zu einer verstärkten Kohlenstoffsequestrierung im Boden beitragen und auf marginalem Land angebaut werden. Miscanthus ist das meist untersuchte mehrjährige Anbausystem für die Bereitstellung lignocellulose-haltiger Biomasse in Europa. In den letzten Jahren wurden zunehmend auch mehrjährige Wildpflanzenmischungen (WPM) als alternative Systeme vorgeschlagen. Mehrjährige Anbausysteme wurden im Rahmen zahlreicher Studien bereits Nachhaltigkeitsbewertungen unterzogen. Meist wird hierfür die Methode der Ökobilanzierung (LCA) verwendet. Diese zielt auf eine ganzheitliche Darstellung der Umweltauswirkungen eines Systems ab. Dabei treten oftmals zwei Schwierigkeiten auf: Einerseits hängen die Resultate von agrarischen LCAs stark von Standort- und Management-spezifischen Charakteristika ab. Parameter wie der Biomasseertrag, die Menge der eingesetzten Düngemittel sowie des sequestrierten Kohlenstoffs variieren beträchtlich. Dies erschwert die Anwendbarkeit der LCA sowie der Nutzung der Resultate. Anderseits beschränken sich die Studien zumeist auf die Untersuchung der Treibhausgasemissionen. Durch Landnutzung bedingte Biodiversitätsauswirkungen werden oftmals vernachlässigt, wodurch die Ganzheitlichkeit des Ansatzes in Frage gestellt wird. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Anwendbarkeit und Ganzheitlichkeit von LCAs mehrjähriger Anbausysteme zu fördern. Hierzu wurde das Augenmerk auf drei relevante Aspekte der Bewertung dieser Systeme gelegt: 1) Wie kann die Durchführung und Anwendung von LCA mehrjähriger Anbausystemen vereinfacht werden? 2) Welche methodischen Herangehensweisen eignen sich für die Betrachtung von Kohlenstoffsequestrierung und speicherung in LCAs mehrjähriger Anbausysteme? 3) Welche Herangehensweisen eignen sich für die Abbildung landnutzungsbedingter Biodiversitätsauswirkungen in LCAs mehrjähriger Anbausysteme? Um diese Fragen zu beantworten, wurde die LCA-Methode im Rahmen dreier Fallstudien auf mehrjährige Anbausysteme angewandt. Dabei wurden verschiedene Herangehensweisen zur Durchführung von Sensitivitätsanalysen und der Bewertung der Kohlenstoffsequestrierung genutzt. Zusätzlich wurden Informationen über Biodiversitätsauswirkungen mehrjähriger Anbausysteme zusammengefasst. Hierzu wurde eine Meta-Analyse durchgeführt, in welcher der Artenreichtum in ein- und mehrjährigen Anbausystemen verglichen wurde. Bedingt durch die Variabilität von Agrarsystemen kann die Erstellung einer Sachbilanz (LCI) aufwendig sein. Durch die Fokussierung auf wenige wesentliche Parameter kann die Durchführung einer LCA stark vereinfacht werden. In dieser Arbeit wurden mithilfe einer globalen Sensitivitätsanalyse die wichtigsten Parameter für die Erstellung eines Treibhausgas-Assessments des Miscanthusanbaus identifiziert: Kohlenstoffsequestrierung, Biomasseertrag, Dauer der Anbauperiode, Stickstoff- und Kaliumgabe und die Transportdistanz des Ernteguts. Basierend auf diesen Parametern wurde ein vereinfachtes Modell entwickelt. Landwirte sowie Unternehmen, die Teil von Miscanthus-basierten Wertschöpfungsketten sind, bekommen somit einen einfachen Zugang zu individuell anpassbaren LCA Resultaten. Die Bedeutung der Kohlenstoffsequestrierung für die Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung von mehrjährigen Anbausystemen wurde in dieser Arbeit detailliert analysiert. Quantität und vor allem Dauerhaftigkeit der Kohlenstoffspeicherung während des Anbaus mehrjähriger Pflanzen sind zentrale Faktoren für die Vorzüglichkeit dieser Systeme in Bezug auf die Auswirkungen auf die globale Erwärmung. Zwei Herangehensweisen zur Quantifizierung der Kohlenstoffspeicherung wurden im Rahmen zweier Fallstudien getestet ein einfaches Kohlenstoffmodell sowie eine allometrische Abschätzung. Ergänzend wurde der Umgang mit einer fraglichen Dauerhaftigkeit der Kohlenstoffspeicherung kritisch reflektiert. Die Herangehensweisen wurden im Hinblick auf ihre Eignung für die Nutzung durch LCA-Anwender verglichen. Es wurde empfohlen, allometrische Modelle für die Quantifizierung der Kohlenstoffspeicherung heranzuziehen und die resultierende Kohlenstoffmenge als zeitlich verzögerte Emission zu erfassen. Diese Kombination stellt ein handhabbares Vorgehen für die Betrachtung von Vorteilen aus der Kohlenstoffsequestrierung dar und verhindert deren Überbewertung. Etablierte Wirkungsabschätzungsmethoden (LCIA-Methoden) wie ReCiPe2016 beinhalten Charakterisierungsfaktoren (CF) für die Berücksichtigung landnutzungsbedingter Biodiversitätsauswirkungen. Diese nutzen den relativen Artenreichtum einer Landnutzung als Indikator und gehen von einem höheren Maß an Artenreichtum in mehrjährigen als in einjährigen Anbausystemen aus. In der Meta-Studie konnten für die mehrjährigen Anbausysteme keine signifikant höheren Artenzahlen nachgewiesen werden. Daher wird empfohlen, die in den etablierten LCIA-Methoden vorgeschlagenen CF für die Bewertung mehrjähriger Anbausysteme nur vorsichtig zu nutzen. Die Nutzung eines einzigen CF für diverse mehrjährige Anbausysteme wie Miscanthus und WPM sowie der starke Fokus auf den Indikator Artenreichtum stellen Defizite dar. Zukünftig sollte auf eine kontext-abhängige Anpassung der CF hingewirkt werden, um eine adäquate Darstellung der Biodiversitätsauswirkungen in agrarischen LCAs zu ermöglichen. Abgesehen hiervon sollte der Fokus auf die Verwendung des Artenreichtums als Biodiversitätsindikator überdacht werden.
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- 2021
17. Perennial wildflower mixtures for bioenergy and biobased products - Current status and future prospects
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Cossel, von, Fern Lewin, Eva, Becker, David, Reichardt, Franziska, Ilic, Anna-Marie, Lask, Jan, Müller, Michael, Lebendig, Florian, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, and Lewandowski, Iris
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- 2021
18. A parsimonious model for calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of miscanthus cultivation using current commercial practice in the United Kingdom
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Lask, Jan, primary, Kam, Jason, additional, Weik, Jan, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, and Lewandowski, Iris, additional
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- 2021
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19. Lignocellulosic ethanol production combined with CCS—A study of GHG reductions and potential environmental trade‐offs
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Lask, Jan, primary, Rukavina, Slavica, additional, Zorić, Ivana, additional, Kam, Jason, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, and Wagner, Moritz, additional
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- 2020
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20. Social Aspects in the Assessment of Biobased Value Chains
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Marting Vidaurre, Nirvana Angela, primary, Vargas-Carpintero, Ricardo, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, and Lewandowski, Iris, additional
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- 2020
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21. Bridging the Gap Between Biofuels and Biodiversity Through Monetizing Environmental Services ofMiscanthusCultivation
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Von Cossel, Moritz, primary, Winkler, Bastian, additional, Mangold, Anja, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, Elbersen, Berien, additional, Eupen, Michiel, additional, Mantel, Stephan, additional, and Kiesel, Andreas, additional
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- 2020
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22. Perennial rhizomatous grasses: Can they really increase species richness and abundance in arable land?—A meta‐analysis
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Lask, Jan, primary, Magenau, Elena, additional, Ferrarini, Andrea, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, and Lewandowski, Iris, additional
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- 2020
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23. Comparative environmental and economic life cycle assessment of biogas production from perennial wild plant mixtures and maize ( Zea mays L.) in southwest Germany
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Lask, Jan, primary, Martínez Guajardo, Alejandra, additional, Weik, Jan, additional, Cossel, Moritz, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, and Wagner, Moritz, additional
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- 2020
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24. Bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow
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Von Cossel, Moritz, Wagner, Moritz, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, Winkler, Bastian, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Von Cossel, Viktoria, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Elbersen, Berien, Staritsky, Igor, and Van Eupen, Michiel
- Abstract
The research objective of this study is the development of long-term sustainable Marginal Agricultural Land Low-Input Systems for industrial crop cultivation. And the research question of this study is: How bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow could be made more sustainable under social-ecological terms. It was found that there are five main requirements for the development of social-ecologically more sustainable bioenergy cropping systems. And here, four of them are presented and discussed.
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- 2020
25. Prospects of bioenergy cropping systems for a more social‐ecologically sound bioeconomy
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Cossel, Moritz Von, Wagner, Moritz, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Cossel, Viktoria Von, Warrach‐Sagi, Kirsten, Elbersen, Berien, Staritsky, Igor, van Eupen, Michiel, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, Winkler, Bastian, MEtRICS - Centro de Engenharia Mecânica e Sustentabilidade de Recursos, and DCTB - Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa (ex-GDEH)
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Industrial crop ,Marginal land ,Resilience ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Bioenergy crop ,Climate change adaptation ,Biodiversity ,Biomass ,Bioeconomy ,Carbon capture ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Cropping system ,SDG 15 - Life on Land - Abstract
NRWStrategieprojekt BioSC (no. 313/323-400-002 13) The growing bioeconomy will require a greater supply of biomass in the future for both bioenergy and bio‐based products. Today, many bioenergy cropping systems (BCS) are suboptimal due to either social‐ecological threats or technical limitations. In addition, the competition for land between bioenergy‐crop cultivation, food‐crop cultivation, and biodiversity conservation is expected to increase as a result of both continuous world population growth and expected severe climate change effects. This study investigates how BCS can become more social‐ecologically sustainable in future. It brings together expert opinions from the fields of agronomy, economics, meteorology, and geography. Potential solutions to the following five main requirements for a more holistically sustainable supply of biomass are summarized: (i) bioenergy‐crop cultivation should provide a beneficial social‐ecological contribution, such as an increase in both biodiversity and landscape aesthetics, (ii) bioenergy crops should be cultivated on marginal agricultural land so as not to compete with food‐crop production, (iii) BCS need to be resilient in the face of projected severe climate change effects, (iv) BCS should foster rural development and support the vast number of small‐scale family farmers, managing about 80% of agricultural land and natural resources globally, and (v) bioenergy‐crop cultivation must be planned and implemented systematically, using holistic approaches. Further research activities and policy incentives should not only consider the economic potential of bioenergy‐crop cultivation, but also aspects of biodiversity, soil fertility, and climate change adaptation specific to site conditions and the given social context. This will help to adapt existing agricultural systems in a changing world and foster the development of a more social‐ecologically sustainable bioeconomy. publishersversion published
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- 2019
26. Bridging the Gap Between Biofuels and Biodiversity Through Monetizing Environmental Services of Miscanthus Cultivation
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Von Cossel, Moritz, Winkler, Bastian, Mangold, Anja, Lask, Jan, Wagner, Moritz, Lewandowski, Iris, Elbersen, Berien, van Eupen, Michiel, Mantel, Stephan, Kiesel, Andreas, Von Cossel, Moritz, Winkler, Bastian, Mangold, Anja, Lask, Jan, Wagner, Moritz, Lewandowski, Iris, Elbersen, Berien, van Eupen, Michiel, Mantel, Stephan, and Kiesel, Andreas
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Carbon neutrality in the transport sector is a key challenge for the growing bioeconomy as the share of biofuels has stagnated over the past decade. This can be attributed to basic economics and a lack of a robust market for these technologies. Consequently, more sustainable biomass supply concepts are required that reduce negative impacts on the environment and at the same time promote environmental services for sustainable agricultural cropping systems including erosion prevention, soil fertility improvement, greenhouse gas mitigation, and carbon sequestration. One promising concept is the cultivation of perennial biomass crops such as Miscanthus (Miscanthus Andersson) as biofuel feedstock. In this study, the multiple environmental services provided by Miscanthus are first explored and subsequently monetized. Then the integration of Miscanthus cultivation for biomass production into European agricultural systems is assessed. One hectare of Miscanthus provides society with environmental services to a value of 1,200 to 4,183 € a−1. These services are even more pronounced when cultivation takes place on marginal agricultural land. The integration of Miscanthus into existing agricultural practices aids both conservation and further optimization of socio-economic welfare and landscape diversification. As these environmental services are more beneficial to the public than the Miscanthus farmers, subsidies are required to close the gap between biofuels and biodiversity that are calculated based on the provision of environmental services. Similar approaches to that developed in this study may be suitable for the implementation of other biomass cropping systems and therefore help foster the transition to a bioeconomy.
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- 2020
27. Life cycle assessment of ethanol production from miscanthus : A comparison of production pathways at two European sites
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Lask, Jan, Wagner, Moritz, Trindade, Luisa M., Lewandowski, Iris, Lask, Jan, Wagner, Moritz, Trindade, Luisa M., and Lewandowski, Iris
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Lignocellulosic ethanol represents a renewable alternative to petrol. Miscanthus, a perennial plant that grows on marginal land, is characterized by efficient use of resources and is considered a promising source of lignocellulosic biomass. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to determine the environmental impacts of ethanol production from miscanthus grown on marginal land in Great Britain (Aberystwyth) and an average-yield site in Germany (Stuttgart; functional unit: 1 GJ). As the conversion process has substantial influence on the overall environmental performance, the comparison examined three pretreatment options for miscanthus. Overall, results indicate lower impacts for the production in Stuttgart in comparison with the corresponding pathways in Aberystwyth across the analysed categories. Disparities between the sites were mainly attributed to differences in biomass yield. When comparing the conversion options, liquid hot water treatment resulted in the lowest impacts, followed by dilute sulphuric acid. Dilute sodium hydroxide pretreatment represented the least favourable option. Site-dependent variation in biomass composition and degradability did not have substantial influence on the environmental performance of the analysed pathways. Additionally, implications of replacing petrol with miscanthus ethanol were examined. Ethanol derived from miscanthus resulted in lower impacts with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, fossil resource depletion, natural land transformation and ozone depletion. However, for other categories, including toxicity, eutrophication and agricultural land occupation, net scores were substantially higher than for the fossil reference. Nevertheless, the results indicate that miscanthus ethanol produced via dilute acid and liquid hot water treatment at the site in Stuttgart has the potential to comply with the requirements of the European Renewable energy directive for greenhouse gas emission reduction. For ethanol production at
- Published
- 2019
28. Lignocellulosic ethanol production combined with CCS—A study of GHG reductions and potential environmental trade‐offs.
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Lask, Jan, Rukavina, Slavica, Zorić, Ivana, Kam, Jason, Kiesel, Andreas, Lewandowski, Iris, and Wagner, Moritz
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REDUCTION potential , *CARBON sequestration , *ETHANOL , *FOSSIL plants , *PETROLEUM reservoirs , *CELLULOSE , *LIGNOCELLULOSE - Abstract
The combination of bioethanol production and carbon capture and storage technologies (BECCS) is considered an indispensable method for the achievement of the targets set by the Paris agreement. In Croatia, a first‐of‐its‐kind biorefinery project is currently underway that aims to integrate a second‐generation ethanol plant into an existing fossil refinery. The goal is to replace the fossil fuel production by second‐generation ethanol production using miscanthus. In the ethanol fermentation, CO2 is emitted in highly concentrated form and this can be directly compressed, injected and stored in exploited oil reservoirs. This study presents an assessment of the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential of miscanthus ethanol produced in combination with CCS technology, based on data from the planning process of this biorefinery project. The GHG reduction potential is evaluated as part of a full environmental life cycle assessment. This is of particular relevance as a lignocellulosic ethanol industry is currently emerging in the European Union (EU) and LCAs of BECCS systems have, so far, often omitted environmental impacts other than GHG emissions. Overall, the ethanol to be produced in this planned biorefinery project would clearly achieve the EU's global warming potential (GWP) reduction target for biofuels. Depending on the accounting approach applied for the biological carbon storage, reduction potentials between 104% and 138% relative to the fossil comparator are likely. In addition, ethanol can reduce risks to resource availability. As such, the results generated from data based on the intended biorefinery project support the two major rationales for biofuel use. However, these reductions could come at the expense of human health and ecosystem quality impacts associated with the combustion of lignin and biogas. In order to prevent potential environmental trade‐offs, it will be imperative to monitor and manage these emissions from residue combustion, as they represent significant drivers of the overall environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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29. Economic and environmental performance of miscanthus cultivated on marginal land for biogas production
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Wagner, Moritz, primary, Mangold, Anja, additional, Lask, Jan, additional, Petig, Eckart, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, and Lewandowski, Iris, additional
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- 2018
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30. Life cycle assessment of ethanol production from miscanthus: A comparison of production pathways at two European sites
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Lask, Jan, primary, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Trindade, Luisa M., additional, and Lewandowski, Iris, additional
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- 2018
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31. Economic and environmental performance of miscanthus cultivated on marginal land for biogas production.
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Wagner, Moritz, Mangold, Anja, Lask, Jan, Petig, Eckart, Kiesel, Andreas, and Lewandowski, Iris
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BIOMASS energy ,BIOGAS production ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,ENERGY crops ,MISCANTHUS - Abstract
Environmental issues surrounding conventional annual biogas crops have led to growing interest in alternative crops, such as miscanthus. In addition to the better environmental performance, miscanthus can be grown on marginal land where no competition with feed and food crops is anticipated. On marginal land however, biomass yields are significantly lower than on good agricultural land. This raises the question of the economic and environmental sustainability of miscanthus cultivated on marginal land for biogas production. This study assessed the environmental and economic performance of miscanthus cultivated on marginal land for biogas production by conducting a Life‐Cycle Assessment and complementary Life‐Cycle Cost analysis. The functional unit chosen was 1 GJ of electricity (GJel.). The substitution of a fossil reference was included using a system expansion approach. Electricity generated by the combustion of miscanthus‐based biogas in a combined heat and power has considerably lower impacts on the environment than the fossil reference in most of the categories assessed. In the impact category "climate change", the substitution of the marginal German electricity mix leads to a carbon mitigation potential of 256 kg CO2e/GJel.. At 45.12 €/GJel., the costs of miscanthus‐based biogas generation and utilization are considerably lower than those of maize (61.30 €/GJel.). The results of this study clearly show that it can make economic and environmental sense to cultivate miscanthus on marginal land as a substrate for biogas production. The economic sustainability is however limited by the biomass yield. By contrast, there are no clear thresholds limiting the environmental performance. The decision needs to be made on a case‐by‐case basis depending on site‐specific conditions such as local biodiversity. Environmental issues surrounding conventional annual biogas crops have led to growing interest in alternative crops, such as miscanthus. This study assessed the environmental and economic performance of miscanthus cultivated on marginal land for biogas production. The results clearly show that it can make economic and environmental sense to cultivate miscanthus on marginal land as a substrate for biogas production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Prospects of Bioenergy Cropping Systems for A More Social-Ecologically Sound Bioeconomy.
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Von Cossel, Moritz, Wagner, Moritz, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Von Cossel, Viktoria, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Elbersen, Berien, Staritsky, Igor, Van Eupen, Michiel, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, and Winkler, Bastian
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CROPPING systems ,FARMS ,NATURAL resources ,LAND resource ,ECOLOGICAL resilience ,SOIL fertility ,BIOMASS production ,BIODIVERSITY conservation - Abstract
The growing bioeconomy will require a greater supply of biomass in the future for both bioenergy and bio-based products. Today, many bioenergy cropping systems (BCS) are suboptimal due to either social-ecological threats or technical limitations. In addition, the competition for land between bioenergy-crop cultivation, food-crop cultivation, and biodiversity conservation is expected to increase as a result of both continuous world population growth and expected severe climate change effects. This study investigates how BCS can become more social-ecologically sustainable in future. It brings together expert opinions from the fields of agronomy, economics, meteorology, and geography. Potential solutions to the following five main requirements for a more holistically sustainable supply of biomass are summarized: (i) bioenergy-crop cultivation should provide a beneficial social-ecological contribution, such as an increase in both biodiversity and landscape aesthetics, (ii) bioenergy crops should be cultivated on marginal agricultural land so as not to compete with food-crop production, (iii) BCS need to be resilient in the face of projected severe climate change effects, (iv) BCS should foster rural development and support the vast number of small-scale family farmers, managing about 80% of agricultural land and natural resources globally, and (v) bioenergy-crop cultivation must be planned and implemented systematically, using holistic approaches. Further research activities and policy incentives should not only consider the economic potential of bioenergy-crop cultivation, but also aspects of biodiversity, soil fertility, and climate change adaptation specific to site conditions and the given social context. This will help to adapt existing agricultural systems in a changing world and foster the development of a more social-ecologically sustainable bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow
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Von Cossel, Moritz, Wagner, Moritz, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Von Cossel, Viktoria, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Elbersen, Berien, Staritsky, Igor, Van Eupen, Michiel, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, and Winkler, Bastian
- Subjects
diversification ,industrial crop ,wild plant ,bioenergy ,castor bean ,precipitation ,cropping system ,7. Clean energy ,climate change mitigation ,temperature sum ,agrobiodiversity ,biomass production ,wild plant mixture ,resilience ,bioeconomy ,climate change adaptation ,2. Zero hunger ,perennial crop ,cup plant ,marginal land ,marginal agricultural land ,15. Life on land ,groundwater protection ,climate change ,social-ecological sustainability ,miscanthus ,growth suitability ,erosion mitigation - Abstract
The research objective of this study is the development of long-term sustainable Marginal Agricultural Land Low-Input Systems for industrial crop cultivation. And the research question of this study is: How bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow could be made more sustainable under social-ecological terms. It was found that there are five main requirements for the development of social-ecologically more sustainable bioenergy cropping systems. And here, four of them are presented and discussed., This research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 727698 and the University of Hohenheim. N.D.J. received funding from the Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), supported in the project AP3 Focus Lab. The scientific activities of the Bioeconomy Science Center were financially supported by the Ministry of Innovation, Science and Research within the framework of the NRW Strategieprojekt BioSC (no. 313/323‐400‐002 13)., {"references":["https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3123","https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/10/605","https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adsu.202000037","https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12155-015-9690-2"]}
34. Bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow
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Von Cossel, Moritz, Wagner, Moritz, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Von Cossel, Viktoria, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Elbersen, Berien, Staritsky, Igor, Van Eupen, Michiel, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, and Winkler, Bastian
- Subjects
diversification ,industrial crop ,wild plant ,bioenergy ,castor bean ,precipitation ,cropping system ,7. Clean energy ,climate change mitigation ,temperature sum ,agrobiodiversity ,biomass production ,wild plant mixture ,resilience ,bioeconomy ,climate change adaptation ,2. Zero hunger ,perennial crop ,cup plant ,marginal land ,marginal agricultural land ,15. Life on land ,groundwater protection ,climate change ,social-ecological sustainability ,miscanthus ,growth suitability ,erosion mitigation - Abstract
The research objective of this study is the development of long-term sustainable Marginal Agricultural Land Low-Input Systems for industrial crop cultivation. And the research question of this study is: How bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow could be made more sustainable under social-ecological terms. It was found that there are five main requirements for the development of social-ecologically more sustainable bioenergy cropping systems. And here, four of them are presented and discussed.
35. Bioenergy cropping systems of tomorrow
- Author
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Cossel, Moritz Von, Wagner, Moritz, Lask, Jan, Magenau, Elena, Bauerle, Andrea, Cossel, Viktoria Von, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Berien Elbersen, Staritsky, Igor, Eupen, Michiel Van, Iqbal, Yasir, Jablonowski, Nicolai David, Happe, Stefan, Fernando, Ana Luisa, Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore Luciano, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Lewandowski, Iris, and Winkler, Bastian
- Subjects
2. Zero hunger ,15. Life on land ,7. Clean energy
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