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Male breast cancer is an uncommon condition, accounting for less than 1% of all breast carcinomas and under 1.5% of all malignant tumors in men. Skin lesions can often be the initial reason for consultation. At this advanced stage, diagnosis is typically delayed, leading to a poor prognosis. Herein, we report the case of a 66-year-old man who presented with a dermo-epidermal axillary mass, indicative of cutaneous metastasis from an invasive ductal carcinoma.

Duodenal metastases from pulmonary adenocarcinoma are rare. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with duodenal metastases from primary lung cancer, which often go unnoticed due to their low incidence and diagnostic challenges. Here, we present the case of a 64-year-old man with an unusual occurrence of duodenal metastases from pulmonary adenocarcinoma, admitted with symptoms of cholangitis. Radiological findings revealed a mass in the D2-D3 segments of the duodenum. Endoscopic ultrasound with biopsy was performed, and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the mass was a duodenal metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare tumor that most frequently occur in the head and neck region, with the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx and tonsils being the most common sites. Diagnostic criteria for EMP include histological confirmation of a solitary plasma cell lesion, the presence of fewer than 5% plasma cells in the bone marrow, and the absence of end-organ damage commonly associated with multiple myeloma. CT scans and MRI features are nonspecific and can mimic those of other conditions. EMP of the nasopharynx presents as a slow-growing, radiosensitive mass with a favorable prognosis.We present the case of a 55-year-old male patient who sought medical attention for recurrent epistaxis. An endoscopic examination revealed a tumor located in the nasopharynx, which was confirmed by MRI as a confined nasopharyngeal mass. Subsequent pathology studies, laboratory results, and bone marrow biopsy were consistent with a solitary EMP of the nasopharynx.

Abstract Background The mediastinum is an anatomical region containing vascular, visceral, and osseous structures. In case of mediastinal masses in the prevascular space, the mnemonic word "4T" helps to group the most common etiologies, namely thyroid pathology, thymoma and its variants, the "terrible" lymphoma, and teratoma. In oncologic patients, the main differential diagnosis is metastatic lymphadenopathy and one should be careful when analyzing this condition. Case presentation We present the case of a 54-year-old woman with a history of thyroidectomy who was found to have multiple anterior mediastinal masses during a breast cancer evaluation. Initial concerns about metastatic lymphadenopathy were ruled out after imaging showed no connection to the cervical thyroid gland, and a biopsy confirmed the masses as benign ectopic thyroid tissue. Given the patient’s stable condition and preference, conservative management with close monitoring was chosen instead of surgery. Conclusions The case underscores the rarity and diagnostic challenges of anterior mediastinal mass, especially in oncology, highlighting the crucial role of CT imaging in identifying and characterizing those masses, aiding in differential diagnosis and guiding appropriate management strategies.

Synovialosarcoma is a mesenchymal tumor with soft tissue predilection, metastasizing to various organs, including the lung. Primary pulmonary involvement is rare and requires histological examination for confirmation. In early stages, the treatment is surgical followed by radiotherapy to avoid recurrence, while there's no consensus in chemotherapy. We present a case of a 54-year-old patient with primary pulmonary synovialosarcoma. The patient underwent successful treatment, achieving tumor control and complete excision. This case discusses diagnostic approaches, prognosis, treatment modalities for primary pulmonary synovialosarcoma, emphasizing the significance of early intervention for favourable outcomes.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma (PHL) is a rare malignant tumor, which originates from smooth muscles. The imaging features are nonspecific and the diagnosis is often delayed until the tumor reaches a large size, which leads often to a dismal prognosis. We report a case of a 46-year-old male patient who was complaining about abdominal pain for 2 months. The imaging revealed the presence of a large mass in the liver with adrenal and liver metastasis. Diagnosis of PHL was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. In this case report, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects of the disease, as well as the treatment modalities.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign histological form of salivary gland tumors, particularly in the parotid gland, primarily affecting women between the ages of 40 and 60. However, its occurrence in the trachea is very rare. This article reports the case of a 48-year-old woman presenting with progressive dyspnea and weight loss, initially suspected of having a pulmonary embolism. A chest CT scan revealed a nearly circumferential tracheal lesion with 2 nodules partially obstructing the tracheal lumen. Histological analysis confirmed the presence of a pleomorphic adenoma of the “salivary gland” type. Although rare, tracheal pleomorphic adenoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tracheal tumors. MRI is the preferred examination for detecting tumors in the parotid gland region, offering excellent tissue differentiation. Surgery remains the treatment of choice to prevent recurrence.

A subcutaneous mass in the anterior region of the thorax, (presternal region).Subcutaneous metastases in ovarian cancer are rare, occurring in 0.9% to 5.8% of cases. They are usually a late manifestation that arises several years after the initial diagnosis and often serve as a poor prognostic indicator. Their presence suggests a reported median survival ranging from 3 to 18 months.subcutaneous metastases can be categorized into umbilical metastases, commonly referred to as Sister Joseph's nodules (SJN) the most prevalent type, and non-SJN cutaneous metastases.We present the unusual case of a 57-year-old woman who underwent surgical intervention and received adjuvant chemotherapy for serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. She presented for consultation 5 years later with a painful presternal mass, and the histopathological examination of the mass revealed a metastasis of the primary ovarian tumor.

Schwannoma, typically a non-cancerous tumor originating from Schwann cells, seldom occurs in the retroperitoneal area. Its clinical manifestation varies, often remaining asymptomatic for an extended period until it enlarges, exerting pressure on neighboring organs. This article presents a unique instance of retroperitoneal pelvic schwannoma in a 75-year-old woman, initially presenting with unusual lower back discomfort. Imaging was used to characterize the tumor, and anatomopathological examination established the preoperative diagnosis of pelvic schwannoma and its benign nature. The clinical, imaging, and anatomopathological aspects of this pelvic schwannoma case are elucidated herein.

Sarcoidosis, a multifaceted granulomatous disease primarily affecting the lungs, occasionally presents in atypical locations. Lacrimal gland involvement, though rare, poses distinct diagnostic challenges. This case report details a 52-year-old female with bilateral lacrimal gland swelling initially suggestive of metastatic tumor due to a history of breast cancer. Subsequent investigations, including CT and MRI, unveiled pulmonary sarcoidosis. Discussion emphasizes the diverse ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis, with lacrimal gland participation potentially indicating early stages. Diagnostic complexities involve differentiation from other lacrimal pathologies, including neoplasms, lymphoproliferative disorders, Sjögren's syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, tuberculosis, and IgG4-related disease. In summary, while lacrimal gland involvement in sarcoidosis is infrequent, it should be considered in orbital masses, necessitating a comprehensive approach for accurate diagnostic orientation in such cases.

The primary malignant melanoma of the parotid is a rare and complex clinical entity, posing numerous diagnostic challenges due to the absence of melanin in the tumor and its histological similarities with other poorly differentiated lesions. Accurate diagnosis often requires advanced imaging techniques and immunohistochemical procedures to identify specific melanoma markers. Therapeutically, total parotidectomy with simultaneous cervical dissection is frequently recommended, although approaches combining surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or even immunotherapy are also being explored. Despite these advancements, malignant parotid melanoma continues to be associated with a grim prognosis, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research to improve therapeutic options and understanding of this rare pathology.

Vitamin E, encompassing tocopherols and tocotrienols is celebrated for its powerful antioxidant properties, which help neutralize free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage. Over the years, research has shown that both tocopherols and tocotrienols offer significant benefits, including protection against radiation damage, cholesterol regulation, cardiovascular health, and neurological disorders. This wide range of benefits highlights the need for further exploration of vitamin E’s role in managing various diseases. One particularly promising area is its potential application in treating ocular diseases like glaucoma. Despite advances in treatment, current options have limitations, making the investigation of alternative approaches crucial. Omics technologies, which allow for a detailed examination of biological systems, could provide valuable insights into how tocopherols and tocotrienols work at a molecular level. Their neuroprotective and antioxidative properties make them promising candidates for glaucoma management. Additionally, the sustainability of vitamin E is noteworthy, as by-products from its production can be repurposed into valuable resources for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. As research continues, integrating omics technologies with the study of vitamin E derivatives could unveil new therapeutic possibilities, further enhancing our understanding of its diverse health benefits and its potential role in preventing and managing diseases.

Forest carbon credit project developments throughout the world can contribute to nature-based solutions to mitigate climate change. With Malaysia’s large forest endowment, a study was conducted to evaluate the awareness and knowledge among forest owners, and to identify the main constraints faced when venturing into forest carbon credit projects. A total of 75 companies in both forest plantations and natural forests were involved in the study. The results clearly suggest that knowledge and awareness of forest carbon credit projects is relatively low among forest owners. Hence, forest carbon credit projects development in the country is relatively slow and only a few projects have had serious development to the auction phase. The slow uptake of carbon projects is plagued by the low carbon credit price, lack of clarity in the national carbon policy, limited expertise and capability for project development, and the lack of financing mechanisms for project development. Forest owners prefer biomass production and timber production due to the higher economic returns. Against this background, policymakers as well as federal-state initiatives need to address the gaps with the forest carbon credit project development ecosystem, in order to facilitate and realize the full carbon sequestration potential of the country.

Objective: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Limited data exists on the interplay between EAT and atherosclerosis in young individuals. Our study aims to explore the relationship between EAT and CAD in a young cohort. Methods: All young (18–45 years) patients without prior CAD, referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) from 2016 to 2022 were included. EAT volume and coronary artery calcium (CAC) were calculated from dedicated non-contrast scans. Coronary plaque presence, extent, and volume were quantified from CCTA. Multivariable logistic regression models for the presence of CAD, defined as any coronary atherosclerosis, were performed. Results: Overall, 712 patients (39±4.8 years, 54 % female) with 45 % Hispanic, and 21 % non-Hispanic Black were included. Patients with CAD had higher EAT volume than those without (80.80 mL ± 36.00 vs 55.16 mL ± 27.92; P < 0.001). In those with CAC=0, higher EAT was associated with the presence of CAD compared to lower EAT volume (P < 0.001). An EAT volume >76 mL was associated with higher CAC (P < 0.001), segment involvement score (P < 0.001), and quantitative total, non-calcified, and low-attenuation plaque volumes (P < 0.002). At multivariable analysis, EAT volume (per 10 mL, OR: 1.21; 95 %CI: 1.12–1.30; P < 0.0001) was independently associated with the presence of CAD. Conclusion: In a diverse cohort of young adults without history of CAD and undergoing a clinically indicated CCTA, EAT volume was independently associated with the presence of CAD. Our findings highlight EAT potential as a novel marker for CAD risk-assessment and a potential therapeutic target in young patients.

Background Cerebrovascular events remain one of the most devastating complications of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Data from real‐world contemporary cohorts on longitudinal trends and outcomes remain limited. The aim of this study was to assess incidence, temporal trends, predictors, and outcomes of cerebrovascular events following transfemoral TAVI. Methods and Results The CENTER2 (Cerebrovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With Balloon‐Expandable Valves Versus Self‐Expandable Valves 2) study includes patients undergoing TAVI between 2007 and 2022. The database contains pooled patient‐level data from 10 clinical studies. A total of 24 305 patients underwent transfemoral TAVI (mean age 81.5±6.7 years, 56% women, median Society of Thoracic Surgeon Predicted Risk of Mortality 4.9% [3.1%–8.5%]). Of these patients, 2.2% (n=534) experienced stroke in the first 30 days after TAVI, and 40 (0.4%) had a transient ischemic attack. Stroke rates remained stable during the treatment period (2007–2010: 2.1%, 2011–2014: 2.5%, 2015–2018: 2.1%, 2019–2022: 2.1%; Ptrend=0.28). Moreover, 30‐day cerebrovascular event rates were similar across Society of Thoracic Surgeon Predicted Risk of Mortality risk categories: 2.1% in low‐risk, 2.6% in intermediate‐risk, and 2.5% in high‐risk patients (P=0.21). Mortality was higher in patients with 30‐day stroke than without at 30 days (20.3% versus 4.7%; odds ratio, 5.1 [95% CI, 4.1–6.5]; P

Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is a rare occurrence. Since 1970, only 30 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis originating from colorectal adenocarcinomas have been documented, underscoring its exceptionally low incidence. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged man who was diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma 3 months ago. During examination, a subcutaneous mass was discovered in the left proximal buttock. Histological analysis of a biopsy confirmed that this mass was a metastatic lesion originating from the primary rectal adenocarcinoma.

The limited market share and growth of Bumiputera entrepreneurs in domestic furniture and wood product industry in Malaysia remains a long-standing challenge. Therefore, a study to examine the market factors that contribute to the failure to thrive among Bumiputera entrepreneurs, registered with the Malaysian Timber Industry Board, was conducted. The results revealed that most of the respondents were micro- and small-sized enterprises, with sales focused on the domestic and contract markets. They were mostly producing sofa and kitchen cabinets, made to order, and sold in domestic markets within the vicinity. The respondents also indicated that the major challenges that impeded their ability to penetrate and capture market share include the limited production volume, lack of product diversity, limited government contract, and inter-ethnicity business collaboration. The Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation tests found that the significant challenges were only the limited production volume due to small company size, lack of product diversity, and the limited inter-ethnicity business collaboration among Bumiputera entrepreneurs. Therefore, policymakers should take heed that despite the many years of targeted and affirmative assistance to expand the domestic market share of Bumiputera entrepreneurs, the results remain poor, and inevitably, a new approach to Bumiputera entrepreneurs’ development must be adopted.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor that typically originates from secretory glands, most commonly found in the salivary glands. However, it can also develop as a primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma, which appears identical under the microscope to adenoid cystic carcinoma originating in other tissues. Distinguishing between primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma and extracutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with cutaneous metastases is crucial for determining the prognosis and appropriate management of the condition. In this case report, we describe a case of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma located on the hand with lung metastases. Proper differentiation, treatment planning and regular clinical follow-up to monitor for any signs of recurrence or metastasis are essential to ensure favorable outcomes for patients with this rare neoplasm.

This study aims to measure the significance of non-technical skills for integrating into metalwork technology curriculum of technical colleges in Nigeria. The data collected through questionnaire survey consisted of 283 responses. The findings revealed that the mean values for all identified components of non-technical skills indicated their importance and suitability for integration into the curriculum. The study developed models using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. The results from SEM indicated that the correlation matrix, factor loadings, composite reliability, and average variance extracted for the measurement and structural models were all confirmed fit and suitable. The study also revealed that the relationship among the components that made up of the structural model were statistically significant. Communication skills was ranked the highest among the eight components that were considered important while problem-solving skills were ranked the lowest. In order to achieve the integration, suggestions are made relating to policy structure for the development of non-technical skills in Nigeria technical colleges.

The main metastatic sites of renal cancer are the lungs, bone, liver, and brain. Dissemination of clear cell renal carcinoma to the rectum is very rare, with only a few sporadic cases published in the literature. The clinical presentation is usually dominated by lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. We report the 5th case in the literature of a rectal metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma, revealed by a lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage occurring 8 years after the initial nephrectomy.

Spontaneous urinoma is a rare urological complication that can occur following acute urinary obstruction. It involves a collection of urine that typically forms around the kidney as a result of rupture of the fornix. There are several causes of acute urinary stasis, including lithiasis, tumors, prostatic hypertrophy, and others. We present a unique case of an asymptomatic spontaneous urinoma discovered incidentally during the extension study of a 66-year-old woman with cervical cancer. The positive diagnosis was made through a combination of ultrasound and uro-computed tomography scan. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of a uremic encephalopathy, leading to death before any treatment.

Perirenal hematoma is a common complication of traumatism and renal procedures such as nephrostomy, angiography, and lithotripsy. It may constitute a challenging diagnosis in a pre-existing tumor context or in case of an atypical imaging appearance. We present a female patient followed for cervix cancer, who developed bilateral perirenal hematoma with an atypical MRI appearance evoking a malignant tumor. The diagnosis is established by the association of different imaging data (MRI with diffusion and ADC, CT scan without contrast, and CT scan after injection of contrast product). Percutaneous drainage remains the best management option for the perirenal hematoma in hemodynamic stable patients.

Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (NEBC) is an uncommon and malignant breast lesion. The absence of proper testing for this type of breast cancer carcinoma exacerbates this paucity. Additionally, only scant evidence of these tumors is present because of the repeated revisions in their diagnostic criteria throughout time. This case report highlights the importance of the correlation between histological and radiological findings in the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine breast cancer. We describe the clinical, radiological, and histological characteristics of a patient diagnosed with neuroendocrine carcinoma. The breast parenchyma was penetrated by a carcinomatous tumor growth that contained trabeculae and lobules, exhibiting mild cytonuclear atypia, and having a low mitotic index. This report emphasizes the value of a multidisciplinary strategy for precise diagnosis and treatment planning.

Skin metastasis is a relatively rare complication of pulmonary carcinoma. The clinical features are varied and can present as sclerodermoid, bullous, erysipeloid, or alopecia, but they can also manifest as skin nodules, as in our case. We report a case of a 66-year-old man exhibiting this unusual manifestation. This case report aims to review and describe different findings in ultrasound, CT and pathology, to establish the diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoma manifested by skin metastasis

This study centered on the views of the professionals about the non-technical skills considered crucial as recruitment prerequisite among graduates of metalwork technology from technical and vocational institutions in Nigeria. It will also examine the possibility of integrating these skills into the curriculum. The study made use of the survey research design. One research question guided the study. The population for the study comprised metalwork technology professionals in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. A 36-item questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was validated by experts from the University of Lagos (UNILAG). The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha and the reliability index which stood at 0.79. The data collected were analysed using mean statistic and standard deviation. The study revealed that professionals placed great importance on communication skills, problem-solving skills, teamwork skills and self-management qualities among others, as important recruitment prerequisite among graduates of metalwork technology from technical and vocational institutions in Nigeria. The study concludes with the suggestions that non-technical skills should be integrated into the curriculum particularly in the field of metalwork technology in technical colleges. Students should be familiar with the employers' recruitment criteria while they are still in schools in order to equip them with the necessary skills needed for employment.