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Today, we can easily say that there is no limit to the size of the data that exists in the real world-it can be in tens, hundreds, thousands, billions or even trillions of dimensions. However, not all dimensions are vital or relevant for a more detailed analysis. The key objective of educational data mining is to analyze educational data to solve educational and research problems. Our research in this paper focuses primarily on identifying relevant characteristics that can help determine the academic performance of students. The selection of features carried out as data preprocessing techniques keeping in mind the key idea to eliminate irrelevant and redundant features and thus selecting the optimal characteristics that can improve the overall accuracy of the model. The characteristics selected through the selection of functions can help to predict the academic performance of the student in several colleges and universities, which is one of the most imperative contemplations by interested parties to build and maintain a quality system. Although there are several studies that determine the factors that affect the academic performance of students, there is still a gap in existing research that focuses on the psychological factors of a student. The document is structured as follows. Section two contains a brief explanation about the related work in this field. In section three, we have discussed the adopted methodology that presents the data set, the feature selection algorithms, and the characteristic evaluation approach. Section four presents the configuration and experimental results and section five focuses on the conclusion and future scope.

AI is becoming more common because of expert automated systems and modern technology's ability to process information. This makes our lives easier and more exciting. It's better for privacy, reliability, and network resource use if AI inference algorithms run on a smart device rather than in the cloud, so this is how most smart devices use them. For a long time, on-device intelligence has been more common [1]. Cloud and big data have become important tools for pooling resources and training equipment data on the device [2]. Using the important technologies, AI spreads and humans become better at their jobs. Basic Communication technology like gesture recognition is based on data and uses ANN (Artificial Neural Network) algorithms to do periodic tracking and 3D hand modelling [3]. It has been used to run multimedia apps as well as handheld devices by gestures. Security in touch-enabled devices is also important because of authenticating users, which is provided by a learned display contact data set and classifier based on the K-means algorithm. AI-based algorithms are also used in industrial applications to combine live tracking, predictive maintenance, virtual support, and ground truth. This is done by using the cloud and AI-based algorithms.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), first identified in the Guangdong province of China in 2002, affected the world The transmission of the virus is from animals to animals and also to humans In late 2019, another novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 was identified, which became the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that originated from Wuhan, China and quickly spread worldwide, leading to millions of cases and thousands of deaths The data is extracted from the google sheets associated with a dashboard created by Johns Hopkins University that depicts the countries in the world that have coronavirus infection The dataset, available from January 22 2020, consists of daily updated information on the infected countries along with the deaths and recoveries from the COVID-19 virus We showed the effect of COVID-19 worldwide, representing the countries that are majorly affected by the infection and scrutinizing coronavirus trends in India The techniques and measures that can be adapted to control the pandemic are also discussed in this study The coronavirus has affected 213 countries around the world till now The analysis is done using Python Programming Language, dated January 22, 2020 to August 1, 2020, while the virus continues to spread The paper scrutinizes trends of covid-19 in India by discussing the confirmed, recovered and death cases Results suggest that coronavirus infection is increasing greatly in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Delhi It can be concluded that even though the infection originated from China, the country is successful in its attempt to decrease the transmission of the virus © IJCRR

In the fast pacing world, we commune from one place to another or one city to another with the means of vehicles. In recent years, data shows the worse conditions of the roads in Delhi with rapidly increasing of accidents. Roads in Delhi are more accident prone which creates more jeopardy to survive in Delhi for everyone. This problem persist from last few years due to various factors like open sewage, speed breakers, damaged roads which leads to loss of life of manhood and ecosystem. Since India is a developing nation there is a constant demand for good quality infrastructure, transportation and services. But since India is a vast country with quite a sizeable population this problem still has not yet addressed in totality. By using proposed methodology, for reducing the risk in the life of manhood as well as ecosystem by detecting all the factors for accidents and then improvement can be assured at the level of road safety management effectively and efficiently. Through this methodology, we can resolve these major issues by using Computer Vision, vision detector and Machine Learning so that drivers can easily aware of what ahead of them and act alertly before accident actually happens. Models are preinstalled on vehicles for safety purposes of the people, by using vision detector driver can acknowledge the obstruction ahead the car. Using the divergent and advanced technologies, live screening of the objects or obstacles ahead the vehicle will be visible to the driver for better ease and safe drive. Driver will get the notification from articulate assistant in any language by detecting the data ahead the car whilst specific range. Simple commands would comprise of “Speed Breaker ahead, slow down”.

Globally, Internet of things (IoT) is recieving a lot of popularity among its users, and it is the most popular new technology in the IT market. A few years back, it is hard to imagine that we can control our home appliances, physical devices, cars and other items remotely with our mobile phones but today it is possible because of IoT. We can instruct our appliances and devices even when we are not physically present there. This article gives the overall view of the Internet of things and also covers a case study of Back pain patients who can be diagnosed using IoT systems. The paper especially focuses on functionality and components of IoT and how it changes our daily life. In today’s society, it's use is limited, but as we are moving towards device connectivity, in few years it is used almost everywhere. Treatment of vertebral column disorders remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons and paediatrics. In the paper, we have tried to analyze how IoT is used in Computer aided diagnostic systems using dataset of orthopedic patients and how an IoT system automatically decide on health of a patient.

Every day we use tools to help us achieve tasks the use of a good tool in general will make a job much easier. When it comes to working with a computer, the tools we use are pieces of software which allow us to do our work. Without a text editor, it would be impossible to write a paper using a computer. In both the digital and real world, there are many options for tools for any job, and choosing the right tool can mean the difference between huge success and utter failure. For a software engineering project, the decision of what tools to use can make a large difference towards the cost and effectiveness of the project. Consider using a notepad text editor to write code for a project with tens of thousands of lines of code, it would be impractical at best. This paper is designed to identify the major tools used in a reengineering project, and identify what choices are available for each of those pieces of software. Prabhjot Singh Anand | Deepak Chahal | Latika Kharb "Tools for Software Re-Engineering" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19032.pdf

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to develop a hardware-based remote water quality monitoring system using a single-chip microcontroller, Atmega328P, in synchrony with some sensor technology and GSM/GPRS module for long-distance data transmission. The proposed system is able to perform a qualitative test on the water, taking into consideration both the chemical behavior as well as physical properties exhibited by the latter. The fluid will be analyzed in terms of its ph value (i.e., the molar concentration of hydrogen ions, the haziness caused by the major suspension of minute particles). The device aims to transmit all the deliberated parameters of the wastewater along with the longitude and latitude information to the concerned authorities for real-time monitoring of that data. The subject aims to devise a robust solution that can be used to analyze the quality of large water bodies and send the analysis report to the authorities of pollution control for further implication.

Smart cities are the urgent need of an hour when there is a need to transform the rural cities to the advanced ones calling them the digitally advanced and smart. We aspire to do it for delivering better quality of life and at a sustainable cost. Smart cities provides a liveable future ahead by providing a digital solutions to the mankind. A smart city is the one which increases efficiency, productivity and sustainability by improving quality of life of increasing population and completing their demands. A data is being collected, stored and analyzed all the time as all the devices around us keeps on collecting all the data from equipment such as vehicles, healthcare, wearable devices, management systems, infrastructural devices etc. Smart cities are made in a manner that they reduce resource consumption, wastage of energy resources and maintaining the overall cost and development in a judicious manner using smart technologies. In this paper, we tried to cover all the areas through which more smart cities can be developed and the quality of life can be enhanced.

Smart farming through IoT technology could empower farmers to upgrade profitability going from the amount of manure to be used to the quantity of water for irrigating their fields and also help them to decrease waste. Through IoT, sensors could be used for assisting farmers in the harvest field to check for light, moistness, temperature, soil dampness, etc., and robotizing the water system framework. Moreover, the farmers can screen the field conditions from anyplace and overcome the burden and fatigue to visit farms to confront problems in the fields. For example, farmers are confronting inconvenience while utilizing right quantity and time to use manures and pesticides in their fields as per the crop types. In this chapter, the authors have introduced a model where farmers can classify damaged crops and healthy crops with the help of different sensors and deep learning models. (i.e., The idea of implementing IoT concepts for the benefit of farmers and moving the world towards smart agriculture is presented.)

In technological era of rapid development in the fields of Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), there is a continuous event constituting a new stage in the changing world. AI has enabled devices to act smart and intelligent so that it brings actuation to the life of all by making it a reality. AI has widespread its wings with IoT. A number of data sets and machine learning algorithms are available to test the advancements and evaluate the integration of AI and IoT as Internet of Intelligent Things (IoIT). This chapter on the whole focuses on the major impact of recent impacts of IoT connected and communicating with a close relation with AI and bringing the solution which brings universally acceptable and welfare for all. In this chapter, we have included the random forest regression model of machine learning and evaluation of our model is done with variance score. It checks how they consumers and products communicate with each other and with humans through the Internet and make the store to act smart. This chapter focuses on the areas how the IoT and AI will interact together to make the devices IoIT, that is, intelligent devices to interact with the environment and produce smart results for the devices.

Computers are being utilized in field in education for many years. In last few decades, research within the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is positively affecting educational application. Advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques could be used for extracting knowledgeable information from crude information. In this chapter, the authors have analysed the impact of artificial intelligence in the education domain. The authors will discuss how with the development of machine learning techniques in last few decades, machine learning models can anticipate student performance. By learning about every student, models can identify the shortcomings. Then the authors will propose different approaches to improve student performance. Teachers can also use this model to understand student perception levels in a better way so that they can modulate their lectures according to student perception levels.

Identifying and managing risk is essential for reducing vulnerabilities from exchange rate movements which might negatively affect profit margins. With regard to emerging Indian FX market this paper attempts to look at the interaction between the spot prices and futures contracts in India for three different currency contracts viz., GBP/INR, JPY/INR and EUR/INR so as to comprehend the long run relationship and causality using co-integration and Grangers causality test for a period spanning from February 2010 to December 2019. The results shows there is one co-integrating vector in the stated currency pairs and bi-directional causality in JPY/INR and one way causality for GBP/INR and EUR/INR.

In the past few years, urbanization has led to a widespread increase in air pollution around the world, which has forced extensive research in this field. According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills approximately seven million people worldwide every year. Despite dramatic progress cleaning the air for so many years, air pollution continues to affect the environment causing severe health hazards. This paper aims to scrutinize the trends of air pollution in the World as well as in India. We have considered the effects of the two most fatal pollutants, particulate matter PM2.5, and PM10. The paper will investigate the places around the world with a high concentration of particulate matter along with the detailed analysis of air quality in India.

Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence are two leading technologies that bought revolution to each and every field of humans using in daily life by making everything smarter than ever. IoT leads to a network of things which creates a self-configuring network. Improving farm productivity is essential to meet the rapidly growing demand for food. In this chapter, the authors have introduced a smart greenhouse by integration of two leading technologies in the market (i.e., Machine Learning and IoT). In proposed model, several sensors are used for data collection and managing the environment of greenhouse. The idea is to propose an IoT and Machine Learning based smart nursery that helps in healthy growing and monitoring of the seed. The structure will be a dome-like structure for observation and isolation of an egg with various sensors like pressure, humidity, temperature, light, moisture, conductivity, air quality, etc. to monitor the nursery internal environment and maintain the control and flow of water and other minerals inside the nursery. The nursery will have a solar panel from which it stores the electricity generated from the sun, a small fan to control the flow of air and pressure. A camera will also be equipped inside the nursery that will use computer vision technology to monitor the health of the plant and will be trained on the past data to notify the user if the plant is diseased or need attention.

Technologies and systems adopted by laboratories and workplaces are turned too primitive to be operated upon. Experiment performed by using routine tools and equipment. Hand-operated tools are just too much of energy and time taking, whereas one which is automated is just too expensive. Using of these tools requires a great deal of knowledge to be gained and to operate without any loss and lessening the time consumption. But the need of the time is for the portable devices and tools which can be combined with different platforms like android. Along with meeting, the requirement of time Arduino is an open-source platform. Arduino board along with software developing kit (SDK)-based programming used for interacting and commanding different sensors. Tools like this will attract and inspire a lot of young researchers and developers to aid with the crises in our society. We are using the same development platform to develop a device called as VISIO. And it is developed to help the blinds with their suffering and misery.

In recent years, the mobile in one’s pocket has become a multifunctional device and is no longer a device used just for making calls or sending text messages. People make use of their mobiles either to take pictures and videos, or to play games or to listen to music. An increasing number of people today have an autonomous Internet connection and they get online using a mobile device to share text, image, games, or applications as new applications are constantly being available. Mobile computing devices including smart phones provide us the capability to access information/make calls and interact using communication methods that can be insecure also. Moreover, redesigning smart phones resulted in a technology that can keep us involved for most of the time and also oblivious to events around us. In this paper, we will cover how mobility in terms of smart phones evolved, its effects on our lives: both positive and negative, various users of mobility and its benefits to casual users, professional users, and transactional users. Then, we will cover effects of mobility on human wellness and existence & solutions for it, security threats to mobility along with future of mobilization with reference to need of mobile cloud. This paper investigates the usage patterns of various mobility devices. We have taken a dataset of 300 people of different countries from UCI repository and analyzed various important patterns of the available smart mobility devices. To sum up, smart phones are remarkably affecting in both positive and negative ways in our world. Since all smart phones are improvising in technical specifications, we have to redesign future smart phones by reducing the negatives and increasing the positive impacts on the globe.

Since past few years the size of the data is growing extremely at fast rates 10 times faster in growth. This will include all the responsibilities to make smart decisions streaming from the browsing patterns and produce extra supplements which aids in the decision-making progress. As the size of the data is recorded from a variety of devices like mobile sensors, remote sensing and data is recorded from everywhere; huge amount of data gets stored which is sometimes even never analysed. Big data is a very “big” thing which is getting stored and increasing the volume of raw data sometimes 90% of the raw data sets are never analysed and are just discarded from the memory. Out of it just 10% gets analysed sometimes and are converted into information from those raw data sets. So, analysis of data by human beings could be time consuming but processing enormous amount of data at a large scale using cognitive can be done. In this paper, we tried to focus on the areas where the cognitive computing can be used in order to lessen the shortcomings of the big data analytics, principles from which cognitive computing came. We also focused on the urgent need on how the language processing of data is done to understand the meaning of the rough data and process it to useful information.

In this chapter, author will discuss our proposed model for real-time management of smart health care that can be utilized both by hospitals, ambulance, and even at normal day-to-day activity tracker and requires no technical or medical knowledge to start with. As per the survey, about 40% of world’s total deaths due to any disease can be prevented if an earlier diagnosis is made. People tend to avoid health and healthcare practices now either it is due to the busy schedule or lack of money. So, the research work focuses on incorporating technology into people life without disturbing their daily routine and does not require separate time to use. This technology is powered by IoT and uses many biosensors to give real-time solutions, prescribe medication, earlier detection of diseases, give a better understanding of patients current health and past health and significantly reduces medical expenses, and by having more information about patient health doctors can operate and treat the patient with a better approach. This technology works when the user sleeps and learns when the user performs day-to-day task with the help of machine learning.

Movie prediction is an important way to predict movie revenue and performance. Through data analysis, we can find the most popular genres, performance in recent years and how it affects the reputation of the next movie. As movie production incurs huge cost and efforts, our effort is to predict the percentage of success, so that production could be managed accordingly. Throughout the paper, we will discuss about the different ways in which the data analysis used by the film gives a precise idea to each production about the best or worst chances of success and/or failure. In this paper, our goal is to focus on predicting the profitability of a film to support film investment decisions in the early stages of film production. The movie producers and directors can make use of the proposed model in various ways like: modify the movie criteria for becoming blockbusters, launch movie at particular time period to get maximum profit, predict the fan following to get a blockbuster and so on.

As our environment is depleting every day due to assorted jeopardy and intimidating factors which makes any living form difficult to survive today. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, human activities and emission from industries are increasing and spoiling the environment at Earth. Due to the increase of gases in the atmosphere, the flora and fauna of the environment are also affected. Since the temperature has got a lot of variations in both summer and winter; if this state continues consecutively for some more forthcoming years, then it will be unbearable for every living creature to survive. To reduce these dreadful climatic effects from the atmosphere we can take several steps by switching to Electric vehicles. Electric vehicles would be costeffective and energy saving for the human race and habitat. This might be a slow process in the beginning but with smarter techniques and step by step execution, it can attain poisonous free air which also reduces noise pollution and low maintenance. However, electric vehicles need to be charged with heavy loads of electricity and with heavy load battery, so it can be improper if we will use a home or office electricity to charge vehicle batteries. In order to keep this in mind, we can implement solar roadways which is one-time investment and beneficial for humankind and the environment. Solar roadways are a future with a better environment and reduced pollution with good climatic change.

In past few years, size of the data is growing exponentially by extreme fast rates, for instance, the size of data growth was ten times faster in the growth due to various means such as the data from mobile devices, remote sensing, sensing aerial devices, recording frequency of radio waves. Until most recently, most of the data was never analysed and most of the time it was discarded. The data stored requires lots of storage space whereas later due to lack of storage space the data is either ignored or deleted due to lack of storage space to process the data. Sometimes, we are even capable of storing the data but until that data is not processed, it is raw useless data to us because that will not be able to fetch with new insights. In the analysis, we face two types of challenges, first is the lack of storage space and second a suitable software to process this data. In this paper, we have discussed about the evolution of 4 V’s of big data, levels of big data tools, various data tools along with a comparative analysis of those tools on the basis of distinguished features like mode of software, data processing, language support, data flow security, latency and fault tolerance is also generalized for better understanding.

Being in the 21st century, technology changes within a particular period of time. As we know the data is obtaining larger day by day so its protection is also coming under the concern. data is growing at a faster rate so securing of data is also an important concern. Technology has covered the way for electronic devices such as smartwatches and smartphones and computers which make our lives convenient, easier and simpler. On the click of a button, we can get small to big information and we can make us updated about every new thing that comes in the market. Nowadays technology becomes that much advance that a person can reach to any point and perform any sort of work within a few seconds like weather it comes to pay bills, online shopping, money transfer, food delivery or to communicate with anyone through messaging apps or social media platforms with ur smartphones. So the data that we exchange daily, for shopping your cards and bank details or address details and contact number or your pictures and videos always need to be secured in the first place. A secured place is always successful in inviting more individuals. And today, securing your data or any kind of information has become an important thing to do. Security itself includes the securing of a person's any kind of data regarding him or her from the unauthorized access, modifications, disclosures or destructions. Priyanshi Gupta | Latika Kharb "Importance of Mobile Security" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29483.pdf

Human liver is believed to be the largest gland in human body. Weight of healthy human livers is around 1.2–1.5 kg and contributes approximately 3.3% of total body weight. Liver breaks down nutrients from our daily diet into substances which are less toxic to our body such as ammonia to a much less toxic substance called urea. According to data released by National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad suggests that food we consume are lesser nutritious then we used to consume in last three decades. According to data published by WHO in 2017, deaths due to liver disease reached 259,749 or 2.95% of total deaths which makes liver disease one of leading cause of death in India. With the power of machine learning and data science, we can provide better information to doctors so that they can start treatment of disease at its initial stage of disease. This paper investigates the performance of logistic regression, K-nearest neighbor algorithm, decision tree and support vector machine algorithm on liver reports of Indian patients. Dataset of Indian patients is collected from UCI repository. Some patient whose age exceeds 79 years is listed as of age 80 years. Algorithms are evaluated on the basis of: (i) recall, (ii) precision, (iii) F1-score and (iv) support.

With the advent of LPG Policy many foreign firms have invested in India and home country firms too have expanded their operations outside the nation which results in greater inflow and outflow of foreign currency and INR giving rise to currency fluctuations, these fluctuations were exposed to more volatility after the US financial crisis of 2008. The increased risk exposure can be mitigated by employing techniques such as hedging, speculation and by using instruments like Futures and Forward contracts. Currency futures have been considered as the best instruments for managing risk against foreign currency exchange rate volatility. Keeping this into consideration the present paper analyses the efficiency of random walk hypothesis by testing currency futures in weak form efficiency post financial crisis of 2008. The sample includes the monthly closing price indices for the period January 2009 to March 2019. The hypothesis tested is whether the currency futures USD/INR are weak form efficient. Statistical tools employed in the study encompasses Runs Test, Autocorrelation Function, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (K-S Test), Augmented Dickey Fuller Test (ADF Test), and Ljung Box Test. The results of the employed tests provide evidence on the non-randomness of the time series.

The process of building applications has been a journey and it varies depending on one's application requirements and purpose. But the fundamental requirements and constraints for developing a software product remain the same: to know about your system, meeting expected requirements, deploy testing and/or automating processes to increase effectiveness. IBM Watson Services are the most popular cognitive computing platforms enabling the developers to embed intelligent behaviors into their applications viz. facial, speech, vision, voice and language detection and recognition. Everything we hold in our civilization is a product of intelligence, so escalating the human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the probability of helping civilization proliferate like never before; as long as we can keep the technology serviceable. Keeping this in mind, we will explain about various AI inventions by IBM and others including: Microsoft, Google, Baidu, TCS, Wipro, Infosys and Tech Mahindra. We will also take a look at the company, what it has launched, what it can and cannot do and what's the future ahead of each invention.

Agent-oriented techniques represent an exciting new means of analyzing, designing and building complex software systems. They have the potential to significantly improve current practice in software engineering and to extend the range of applications that can feasibly be tackled. Yet, to date, there have been few serious attempts to cast agent systems as a software engineering paradigm. This paper seeks to rectify this omission. Specifically, points to be argued include:firstly, the conceptual apparatus of agent-oriented systems is well-suited to building software solutions for complex systems and secondly, agent-oriented approaches represent a genuine advance over the current state of the art for engineering complex systems. Following on from this view, the major issues raised by adopting an agentoriented approach to software engineering are highlighted and discussed in this paper.

Component-based software development (CBSD) has become one of the preferred streams for developing large and complex systems by integrating prefabricated software components that not only facilitates the process of software development but is also changing the ways for software professionals to develop software applications. Till today, numerous attempts have been made by several organizations, software development teams, developers as well as researchers to improve component-oriented software systems (COSS) through improved measurement tools and techniques i.e. through an effective metrics. Our paper is a simple attempt to work for the demand of an appropriate and relevant integration metrics for the measurement of complexity of a software component that could be used as one of the approaches for further guidance in component complexity measurement and problem reduction. We represented a component metrics as an instantiation of the integration complexity measurement which can then be evaluated using appropriate metric tools. The work presented in this paper introduces a perception of component-oriented software systems complexity and also defines some new complexity metrics.