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This factsheet provides information about the history of soil testing calibrations and justification for recommending extraction of soil nutrients using Mehlich-3 for calcareous soils in Miami-Dade County. The dominant soils from this County have an extraordinarily high concentration of calcium resulting in high pH. This document also includes UF/IFAS approved Mehlich-3 extractant-based testing interpretations and recommendations for these soils. The purpose of this publication is to elucidate an appropriate approach for analyzing the unique calcareous soils from Miami-Dade County for plant available nutrients. The target audiences are Extension agents, agronomists at soil testing laboratories, crop advisors, growers, representatives of the state and local agencies, and others concerned about soil testing and plant analysis in Miami-Dade County.

Las semillas de calabaza (Cucurbita pepo L.) con una fina cubierta se llaman semillas desnudas y se han convertido en un ingrediente popular para la elaboración de alimentos. Son ricas en aceite, proteínas y ácidos grasos insaturados. Su consumo reporta beneficios para la salud, incluyendo la reducción del riesgo de ciertos tipos de cáncer. A pesar de su creciente popularidad en EE. UU., este insumo es importado, de ahí la necesidad de identificar/desarrollar cultivares adaptados a las condiciones locales. Este artículo informa sobre el rendimiento y desempeño hortícola de dos cultivares de semillas desnudas de calabaza en el sur de Florida con las condiciones de crecimiento de primavera.

Las flores comestibles son una categoría emergente de productos comestibles. Los chefs contemporáneos tienen un interés renovado en flores comestibles y los nuevos libros sobre cocina, junto con artículos populares en los Estados Unidos (EE. UU.) destacan este interés. Se enumeran los usos medicinales herbales comunes, los colores, las variedades y las fuentes de semillas.

La semilla de calabaza (Cucurbita pepo L.) es alta en aceite, proteína, y ácidos grasos no saturados (AENS), y es una importante fuente de nutrición y ganancias a nivel global. Este artículo provee información a potenciales consumidores sobre el perfil nutricional y los beneficios a la salud de cultivares seleccionados de semillas de calabaza.

El aguacate es una fruta tradicional en la dieta de los ecuatorianos y requiere un manejo adecuado que garantice su producción. La implementación de nuevas alternativas tecnológicas, como utilización de índices de espectroscopia, permite obtener datos que al correlacionarlos optimizarán el manejo del cultivo. Esta investigación validó el uso de índices vegetales basados en la banda roja e infrarrojo cercano con el contenido de nitrógeno foliar. Se utilizó los índices vegetales: índice normalizado diferencial de vegetación (NDVI) e índice de vegetación transformado (TVI) desde dos ortomosaicos obtenidos mediante imágenes que capturan banda roja e infrarrojo cercano en plantaciones de aguacate. Se realizaron regresiones y correlaciones entre los índices vegetales y los resultados de los análisis foliares de contenido de nitrógeno, generando valores de R² de 0,93 para NDVI y 0,95 para TVI. Los valores de los índices vegetales pueden utilizarse para estimar el vigor de la planta basado en el contenido de nitrógeno foliar.

El propósito de este documento es proveer una breve reseña de regulaciones y alguna ayuda para la aplicación a flujos aprobados. Written by Haimanote K. Bayabil, Kati W. Migliaccio, Jonathan H. Crane, Teresa Olczyk, Qingren Wang, Laura Vásquez, and Carlos Balerdi, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, November 2021.

Los recursos de agua potable están escaseando debido a aumentos en problación y aumentos en la demanda de agua, comida y energía. El estado de Florida proyecta añadir 6 millones de habitantes para el 2030 (Royer and Wang 2017). Además, eventos extremos del tiempo (p.e. inundaciones y sequías) ya son un fenómeno común. Por lo tanto a medida que el agua potable escasea y las sequias son frecuentes hay más necesidad de ser eficientes en el uso de recursos hidraulicos. Han habido importantes adelantos en tecnologías de regadíos (p.e. válvulas eléctricas, controles inteligentes, sensores de humedad de suelos, etc.) que ahorran agua (Dukes 2012). Sin embargo, la efectividad de estas tecnologías depende de varios factores como el diseño de sistemas de regadío. Diseñar equipos y sistemas de regadío eficientes no sólo ahorran dinero pero también ahorran agua. This is a Spanish language translation of: Bayabil, Haimanote, Kati Migliaccio, Michael Dukes, and Laura Vasquez. 2020. “Basic Tips for Designing Efficient Irrigation Systems”. EDIS 2020 (1). https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-ae539-2020.

As freshwater resources become increasingly scarce and droughts become more frequent, there is a need for efficient use of water resources. Designing efficient irrigation systems and equipment will not only save money but also conserve water. This 10-page fact sheet discusses factors to consider when designing irrigation systems. Written by Haimanote K. Bayabil, Kati W. Migliaccio, Michael Dukes, and Laura Vasquez, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2020. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae539

A previous publication, ENH854 (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/EP107), listed over 350 native and non-native plant species for south Florida. This new publication was developed as a supplement to ENH854, but it is also a good stand-alone reference for people wishing to add native plants to their private yards or public landscapes, or simply to learn more about them. This document is ENH 875, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date April 29, 2003. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep222

We aimed to systematize and assess scientific information on tetracycline (TET) resistance genes in animals, products, and by-products in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Only original articles published in peer-reviewed journals were considered. Sixty articles published between 2003 and 2023 met the inclusion criteria. The geographical areas of study were Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Costa Rica, and, to a lesser extent, Colombia, Bolivia, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Uruguay. The studies were related to livestock, wild animals, and pets. The most common isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. The tet genes found in higher frequency in the samples or isolates evaluated were tetA, tetB, tetM, tetL, tetK, tetC, tetO, tetD, tetG, tetW, tetS, tetQ, tetE, tetH, tetJ, tetZ, and tetY. Studies evaluating the presence of tet genes in animals in LAC are limited despite TET being antibiotics widely used in animals. It is necessary to establish cross border public policies that allow the constant training of medical and related personnel regarding the responsible use of antibiotics in animals and the effective monitoring of the phenomenon in the region.

Objetivo. Evaluar la resistencia adquirida a colistina mediada por el gen mcr-1 en aislados de E. coli y Salmonella spp., de muestras de materia fecal de porcinos con destino a consumo humano en planta de beneficio animal de Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, tomando 190 muestras de materia fecal de porcinos durante marzo del 2020. Para la tamización de enterobacterias resistentes a colistina se utilizó agar cromogénico y MacConkey suplementado con sulfato de colistina (2 mg/l). Los aislados fueron analizados mediante PCR para identificar el gen mcr-1, identificación bacteriana y perfil de susceptibilidad antibiótica a los aislados positivos al gen mcr-1 por el sistema automatizado Microscan®. La información fue registrada y analizada mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados. La frecuencia de porcinos con aislados resistentes a colistina en la tamización fue del 70.52% (134/190). El 15.78% (30/190) portadores del gen mcr-1 de los cuales el 1.05% (2/190) pertenecieron a la especie Salmonella enterica y el 4.21% (8/190) E. coli. Se identificó en los aislados positivos al gen mcr-1 la capacidad de resistir la acción de múltiples antibióticos (10/10), y una E. coli con la habilidad de producir betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE). La mayoría de los cerdos con enterobacterias portadoras del gen mcr-1 provenían de granjas del departamento de Antioquia, y todos en etapa de levante y ceba. Conclusiones. Este estudio evidencia la circulación del gen mcr-1 en cerdos al sacrificio, representando un riesgo potencial para la salud pública por su posible entrada a la cadena alimentaria.

En la actualidad el cultivo de la granadilla ha tomado importancia en la zona norte del Ecuador; sin embargo, la información en el manejo nutricional de este frutal es escasa, ocasionando problemas como bajos rendimientos y calidad de la fruta. Debido a la alta demanda de nitrógeno y potasio de este cultivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de dos niveles de estos nutrientes en la fase de crecimiento. Se utilizaron plantas de granadilla cultivar “Colombiana”, los tratamientos se aplicaron mediante fertirrigación. El experimento se desarrolló en la Granja Experimental Tumbaco del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), bajo un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) en arreglo factorial 2 por 2, teniendo cuatro tratamientos resultado de la interacción de los niveles de nitrógeno y potasio. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las dosis altas de nitrógeno y potasio (200 kg ha-1) y su interacción tuvieron los valores más altos en las variables: altura de planta (1,74 m), índice de verdor (59,07 SPAD), área foliar (151,03 cm2) y concentración foliar de nutrientes (4,13% N y 4,10 %K).

Introduction: Nutritional screening is a useful tool for determining the risk of hospital malnutrition; therefore, reviewing the guidelines on its use in the pediatric population is of great importance. Objective: To provide recommendations on the use of nutrition screening tools validated in Canada and Europe in the Colombian pediatric population. Materials and method: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology. The quality of the evidence found in the review was assessed using the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) tool, which was established by the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination for assessing preventive actions. Results: Fifteen studies were included in the review as they met the inclusion criteria. In addition, 7 nutrition screening tools were identified (PYMS, iPYMS, PeDiSMART, PNR, STAMP, PMST and STRONGkids). According to guidelines of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, the PYMS, iPYMS and STRONGkids tools simultaneously assess prognostic variables such as current nutritional status, stability, expected improvement or worsening of the condition, and the influence of the disease process in nutritional deterioration. Regarding concurrent validity, data analysis shows that PYMS, iPYMS and PMST have sensitivities >85%, and that PYMS has a specificity >85%. In terms of reproducibility, PEDISMART, STRONGkids, STAMP and PYMS have an acceptable interobserver agreement (k> 0.41). Conclusion: Based on the evidence found, which was analyzed in terms of prognostic variables, concurrent validity and reproducibility, the use of the PYMS tool in the clinical practice is suggested. In contrast, hospitals must assess the applicability of the STAMP and iPYMS tools.

Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this paper investigates the borderscaping processes that irregular migrants face as well as their living conditions in Madrid. It aims to study how internal borders/social boundaries are constructed in the city as irregular migrants live their lives, and how they deal with work, life, access to healthcare, etc., in a borderscapes context that is present in everyday life. In doing so, this paper highlights the practices which irregular migrants use to overcome borderscapes in an urban context of precariousness while they employ different tactics to successfully negotiate and give meaning to the urban space. This paper provides an insight into how, through explicit ways of challenging borders, such as activism, or subtler ways, by just using the public space, irregular migrants are fighting for their place in Madrid. Finally, this study is a contribution to the academic literature on the relation between irregular migration and its impact on multi-ethnic cities.

Background: antibiotic resistance is spreading worldwide. It is important to evaluate whether foods of animal origin constitute a reservoir of resistance genes. Objective: the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence and characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae from bulk-tank milk samples of dairy farms located in Entrerríos, Antioquia (Colombia). Methods: a total of 120 randomly selected raw milk samples (one bulk-tank milk sample per dairy farm) were collected between September and October, 2013. A commercial chromogenic agar was used for screening presumptive ESBL-E. Identification of genus and species of isolates was performed with a commercial biochemical identification kit. The ESBL production was confirmed using the double disc synergy test. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the agar disc diffusion method and the automatized broth microdilution method. The ESBL-positive isolates were analyzed for the presence of bla genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. For the exploration of risk factors, information on dairy farm management practices was recorded using a questionnaire and the associations of predictors and results were tested with a logistic regression analysis. Results: the ESBL-E were isolated from 3.3% (4/120; CI 95%: 3-3.5%) of the samples. Farm size was the only factor associated with the presence of ESBL-E (OR = 11.5; CI 95%: 1.14-115.54; p = 0.038). All isolates were resistant to several antibiotics and harbored blaCTX-M-96 (alternate name CTX-M-12a) enzymes. Conclusion: although apparent frequency of ESBL-E was low, the presence of these resistant bacteria in milk may constitute a public health risk and should be further investigated. . Resumo Palavras chave: CTX-M-12A, gado, leite crua, resistência aos antibióticos, saúde pública.

In our recent revision of the genus Prespelea Park, we neglected to explicitly designate a repository for the holotype of Prespelea enigma Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez sp. n. This omission invalided its description, and that species name is not yet available. We herein rectify this problem.