Search

Your search keyword '"Laure Laffont"' showing total 17 results
Start Over Author "Laure Laffont"
17 results on '"Laure Laffont"'

1. Over a decade of atmospheric mercury monitoring at Amsterdam Island in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands

Author

Olivier Magand, Hélène Angot, Yann Bertrand, Jeroen E. Sonke, Laure Laffont, Solène Duperray, Léa Collignon, Damien Boulanger, and Aurélien Dommergue

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The Minamata Convention, a global and legally binding treaty that entered into force in 2017, aims to protect human health and the environment from harmful mercury (Hg) effects by reducing anthropogenic Hg emissions and environmental levels. The Conference of the Parties is to periodically evaluate the Convention’s effectiveness, starting in 2023, using existing monitoring data and observed trends. Monitoring atmospheric Hg levels has been proposed as a key indicator. However, data gaps exist, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present over a decade of atmospheric Hg monitoring data at Amsterdam Island (37.80°S, 77.55°E), in the remote southern Indian Ocean. Datasets include gaseous elemental and oxidised Hg species ambient air concentrations from either active/continuous or passive/discrete acquisition methods, and annual total Hg wet deposition fluxes. These datasets are made available to the community to support policy-making and further scientific advancements.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Mercury isotope evidence for Arctic summertime re-emission of mercury from the cryosphere

Author

Beatriz Ferreira Araujo, Stefan Osterwalder, Natalie Szponar, Domenica Lee, Mariia V. Petrova, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Shaddy Ahmed, Lars-Eric Heimbürger-Boavida, Laure Laffont, Roman Teisserenc, Nikita Tananaev, Claus Nordstrom, Olivier Magand, Geoff Stupple, Henrik Skov, Alexandra Steffen, Bridget Bergquist, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber, Jennie L. Thomas, Simon Scheper, Tuukka Petäjä, Aurélien Dommergue, and Jeroen E. Sonke

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Arctic warming thaws permafrost, leading to enhanced soil mercury transport to the Arctic Ocean. Mercury isotope signatures in arctic rivers, ocean and atmosphere suggest that permafrost mercury is buried in marine sediment and not emitted to the global atmosphere

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. From uncertainty to environmental impacts: reflection on the threats to water in Chacabuco Province (Chile): a combined approach in social sciences and geochemistry

Author

Lucie Le Goff, Frédérique Blot, Anne Peltier, Laure Laffont, Sylvia Becerra, Cristián Henríquez Ruiz, Jorge Qüense Abarzua, Magali Philippe, Martin Paegelow, Ludovic Menjot, Gauthier Delplace, and Eva Schreck

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Health (social science), Sociology and Political Science, Ecology, Geography, Planning and Development, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. A transition support system to build decarbonization scenarios in the academic community

Author

Nicolas Gratiot, Jérémie Klein, Marceau Challet, Olivier Dangles, Serge Janicot, Miriam Candelas, Géraldine Sarret, Géremy Panthou, Benoît Hingray, Nicolas Champollion, Julien Montillaud, Pascal Bellemain, Odin Marc, Cédric-Stéphane Bationo, Loïs Monnier, Laure Laffont, Marie-Alice Foujols, Véronique Riffault, Liselotte Tinel, Emmanuel Mignot, Nathalie Philippon, Alain Dezetter, Alexandre Caron, Guillaume Piton, Aurélie Verney-Carron, Anne Delaballe, Nelly Bardet, Florence Nozay-Maurice, Anne-Sophie Loison, Franck Delbart, Sandrine Anquetin, Françoise Immel, Christophe Baehr, Fabien Malbet, Céline Berni, Laurence Delattre, Vincent Echevin, Elodie Petitdidier, Olivier Aumont, Florence Michau, Nicolas Bijon, Jean-Philippe Vidal, Sébastien Pinel, Océane Biabiany, Cathy Grevesse, Louise Mimeau, Anne Biarnès, Charlotte Récapet, Morgane Costes-Thiré, Mariline Poupaud, Maialen Barret, Marie Bonnin, Virginie Mournetas, Bernard Tourancheau, Bertrand Goldman, Marie Paule Bonnet, Isabelle Michaud Soret, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy), Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

A growing portion of scientists realises the need to not only alert about climate change, but also change their professional practices. A range of tools have emerged to promote more sustainable activities, yet many scientists struggle to go beyond simple awareness-raising to create concrete transition actions. Here we propose a game-based transition support system MaTerre180’, which has been designed to build scenarios of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions in the academic community. After providing a common scientific background about the context (global warming issue, its causes and consequences) and setting up a challenge (50% reduction of carbon budget by 2030), the participants belonging to the academic community and its governance bodies immerse themselves into fictional characters, to simulate the behaviour of real research groups. The game has been deployed during the year 2021, with six hundred participants from nine countries and 50 cities. Results explore clear pathways for GHG reductions between 25 and 60%, and a median reduction of 46%. The alternatives allowing the greatest reduction are video communication tools (36%), followed by mutualization of professional activities and voluntary cancellation or reduction, that represent 22 and 14% of reduction, respectively. The remaining 28% of reduction consists of transport alternative, relocation of professional activities, extended duration of some travels, etc. In addition, the analyses pointed out the importance of the guided negotiation phase to bring out some alternatives such as relocation, local partners and computing optimization. An added value of this transition support system is that the information it collects (anonymously) will be used to answer pressing research questions in climate change science and environmental psychology regarding the use of serious games for promoting changes in attitudes and behaviours towards sustainability, and including broader questions on how network structures influence “climate behaviour”, knowledge and the governance of the commons. Modestly, MaTerre180’ offers an innovative game-based transition support system to build scenarios of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions in the academic community. It is not simply a question of moving tokens on a virtual gameboard and a playful adjustment of practices, but rather a question of brainstorming about possible and desirable ways of remodelling research and teaching communities and embracing a new paradigm. After tens of workshops, our results show clear pathways for reaching up to 50% GHG reductions and stress the importance of guided negotiations to bring out alternatives to carbonized activities. This first attempt reinforces our belief that scientific engagement is at the heart of the international development agenda and a key approach to tear down the institutional barriers that inhibit the transformation needed to achieve a more sustainable society.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Quantifying the impacts of artisanal gold mining on a tropical river system using mercury isotopes

Author

Jeroen E. Sonke, Raphaelle Rinaldo, Sylvaine Goix, Johanna Menges, Christelle Lagane, Lars-Eric Heimbürger, Laure Laffont, Jérôme Chmeleff, Régine Maury-Brachet, Laurence Maurice, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie (LMTG), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Parc Amazonien de Guyane, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochimie des Isotopes Stables (GIS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions [Fos-sur-Mer], Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, media_common, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography.geographical_feature_category, General Medicine, Particulates, Contamination, Pollution, Mercury stable isotopes, 6. Clean water, French Guiana, Environmental chemistry, Erosion, Environmental Monitoring, Gold mining, Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, media_common.quotation_subject, water, Mercury speciation, Mining, gold mining, soil, Artisanal and small-scale, Rivers, mercury isotopes, Tributary, Environmental Chemistry, gold mining (ASGM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Sediment, Mercury, General Chemistry, 020801 environmental engineering, Speciation, sediment, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Environmental science, Gold, business, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract

In some locations, artisanal and small-scale gold-mining (ASGM) represents a significant source of anthropogenic Hg to freshwater environments. The Hg released from ASGM can contaminate aquatic fauna and pose health risks to downstream populations. Total Hg (THg) concentrations, speciation, and isotopic compositions were analyzed in water, suspended particulate matter, soil, and bottom sediment samples from pristine areas and in places of active and legacy gold mining along the Oyapock River (French Guiana) and its tributaries. Mass-independent fractionation (MIF) of even Hg isotopes in top soils (Delta Hg-200 = -0.06 +/- 0.02 parts per thousand, n = 10) implied the uptake of gaseous Hg(0) by plants, rather than wet deposition, as the primary Hg source. Odd isotope MIF was lower in deep soils (Delta Hg-199 = -0.75 +/- 0.03 parts per thousand, n = 7) than in top soils (Delta Hg-199 = -0.55 +/- 0.15 parts per thousand, n = 3). This variation could be attributed to differences between the isotopic signatures of modern and pre-industrial atmospheric Hg. Combining a Hg-isotope binary mixing model with a multiple linear regression based on physicochemical parameters measured in the sediment samples, we determined that active mined creek sediments are contaminated by ASGM activities, with up to 78% of THg being anthropogenic. Of this anthropogenic Hg, more than half (66-74%) originates from liquid Hg(0) that is released during ASGM. The remaining anthropogenic Hg comes from the ASGM-driven erosion of Hg-rich soils into the river. The isotope signatures of anthropogenic Hg in bottom sediments were no longer traceable in formerly mined rivers and creeks.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Hg Concentrations and Stable Isotopes Variations in Tropical Fish Species of a Gold-mining Impacted Watershed in French Guiana

Author

Laure Laffont, Johanna Menges, Sylvaine Goix, Sophie Gentes, Régine Maury-Brachet, Jeroen E. Sonke, Alexia Legeay, Patrice Gonzalez, Raphaëlle Rinaldo, and Laurence Maurice

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine if gold mining activities could impact the mercury (Hg) concentrations and isotopic signatures in freshwater fish consumed by riparian people in French Guiana. Total Hg, MeHg concentrations and Hg stable isotopes ratios were analyzed in fish muscles from different species belonging to three feeding patterns (herbivorous, periphytophagous and piscivorous). We compared tributaries impacted by gold-mining activities (Camopi, CR) with a pristine area upstream (Trois-Sauts, TS), along the Oyapock River. We measured δ15N and δ13C to examine whether Hg patterns are due to differences in trophic level. Differences in δ15N and δ13C values between both studied sites were only observed for periphytophageous fish, with enriched values at TS. Total Hg concentrations and Hg stable isotopes fractionations showed that Hg accumulated in fish from both areas have undergone different biogeochemical processes. Δ199Hg variation in fish (-0.5 to 0.2‰) was higher than the ecosystem baseline defined by a Δ199Hg of -0.66‰ in sediments, and suggested limited aqueous photochemical MeHg degradation. Photochemistry-corrected δ202Hg in fish were 0.7‰ higher than the baseline, consistent with biophysical and chemical isotope fractionations in aquatic environment. While THg concentrations in periphytophagous fish were higher in the gold-mining area than in TS, in contrast to the sediments results, the ensemble of Hg isotope shifts did not allow to trace and quantify the gold-mining related liquid Hg(0) sources in the fish muscles.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Hg concentrations and stable isotope variations in tropical fish species of a gold-mining-impacted watershed in French Guiana

Author

Johanna Menges, Laurence Maurice, Régine Maury-Brachet, Laure Laffont, Patrice Gonzalez, Sylvaine Goix, Raphaelle Rinaldo, Sophie Gentès, Jeroen E. Sonke, Alexia Legeay, Université de Bordeaux (UB), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Biogeochemical cycle, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mining, chemistry.chemical_compound, Isotope fractionation, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, Methylmercury, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, biology, Stable isotope ratio, Fishes, General Medicine, δ15N, Mercury, Methylmercury Compounds, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Mercury (element), French Guiana, Mercury Isotopes, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Freshwater fish, Gold, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine if gold-mining activities could impact the mercury (Hg) concentrations and isotopic signatures in freshwater fish consumed by riparian people in French Guiana. Total Hg, MeHg concentrations, and Hg stable isotopes ratios were analyzed in fish muscles from different species belonging to three feeding patterns (herbivorous, periphytophagous, and piscivorous). We compared tributaries impacted by gold-mining activities (Camopi, CR) with a pristine area upstream (Trois-Sauts, TS), along the Oyapock River. We measured δ15N and δ 13C to examine whether Hg patterns are due to differences in trophic level. Differences in δ 15N and δ 13C values between both studied sites were only observed for periphytophagous fish, due to difference of CN baselines, with enriched values at TS. Total Hg concentrations and Hg stable isotope signatures showed that Hg accumulated in fish from both areas has undergone different biogeochemical processes. Δ199Hg variation in fish (-0.5 to 0.2‰) was higher than the ecosystem baseline defined by a Δ199Hg of -0.66‰ in sediments, and suggested limited aqueous photochemical MeHg degradation. Photochemistry-corrected δ202Hg in fish was 0.7‰ higher than the baseline, consistent with biophysical and chemical isotope fractionation in the aquatic environment. While THg concentrations in periphytophagous fish were higher in the gold-mining area, disturbed by inputs of suspended particles, than in TS, the ensemble of Hg isotope shifts in fish is affected by the difference of biotic (methylation/demethylation) and abiotic (photochemistry) processes between both areas and did therefore not allow to resolve the contribution of gold-mining-related liquid Hg(0) in fish tissues. Mercury isotopes of MeHg in fish and lower trophic level organisms can be complementary to light stable isotope tracers.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Capítulo 2. El petróleo en la Amazonía ecuatoriana: medir los impactos ambientales y sanitarios

Author

Valérie Borell-Estupina, Hélène Budzinski, Laure Laffont, Laurence Maurice, Alex Alexiades, Juan M. Guayasamin, Marie-Hélène Devier, C. Moreno, Fiorella Barraza, Andrea C. Encalada, Hala Jamourhy, Emmanuelle Cadot, Marion Soler, Thibaut Leveque, Esteban Suárez, Christophe Furger, Javier Mena, Jonathan Prunier, Eva Schreck, Sylvia Becerra, Fausto López, Gaëlle Uzu, Karyn Le Menach, Jacques Gardon, and Valeria Ochoa-Herrera

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Mercury Isotope Signatures of Methylmercury in Rice Samples from the Wanshan Mercury Mining Area, China: Environmental Implications

Author

Jeroen E. Sonke, Buyun Du, Runsheng Yin, Laure Laffont, Che-Jen Lin, Ping Li, Christelle Lagane, Laurence Maurice, David Point, and Xinbin Feng

Subjects
China, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mercury Isotopes, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, Oryza, 01 natural sciences, Mining, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, Humans, Methylmercury, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope analysis, Isotope, biology, food and beverages, Heavy metals, General Chemistry, Mercury, Methylmercury Compounds, biology.organism_classification, Mercury (element), chemistry, 13. Climate action, Total hg, Environmental chemistry, Environmental science, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Rice consumption is the primary pathway of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure for residents in mercury mining areas of Guizhou Province, China. In this study, compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of MeHg was performed on rice samples collected in the Wanshan mercury mining area. An enrichment of 2.25‰ in total Hg (THg) δ202Hg was observed between rice and human hair, and THg Δ199Hg in hair was 0.12‰ higher than the value in rice. Rice and human hair samples in this study show distinct Hg isotope signatures compared to those of fish and human hair of fish consumers collected in China and other areas. Distinct Hg isotope signatures were observed between IHg and MeHg in rice samples (in mean±standard deviation: δ202HgIHg at −2.30‰±0.49‰, Δ199HgIHg at −0.08‰±0.04‰, n=7; δ202HgMeHg at −0.80‰±0.25‰, Δ199HgMeHg at 0.08‰±0.04‰, n=7). Using a binary mixing model, it is estimated that atmospheric Hg contributed 31%±16% of IHg and 17%±11% of THg in the rice samples and the IHg in soil caused by past mining ac...

Published
2017

11. Mercury speciation analysis in human hair by species-specific isotope-dilution using GC–ICP–MS

Author

Jeroen E. Sonke, David Amouroux, Laurence Maurice, Patricia Navarro, Laure Laffont, Philippe Behra, Mathilde Monperrus, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Interregional Midi-Pyrenees-Aquitaine, French National Research Agency (ANR CES) within the IDEA project, Basque Government, and [ERC-StG-20091028]

Subjects
SAMPLES, Speciation, Indicator Dilution Techniques, chemistry.chemical_element, Hydrochloric acid, MALAYSIA, METHYLMERCURY, 010501 environmental sciences, Isotope dilution, Mass spectrometry, Methylation, Sensitivity and Specificity, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, Mass spectrometry/ICP-MS, Biological samples, chemistry.chemical_compound, AMAZON, ETHYLATION, Nitric acid, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Humans, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, EXPOSURE, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Demethylation, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, Organometals, Chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, MASS-SPECTROMETRY, Mercury, QUANTIFICATION, Methylmercury Compounds, ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY, 0104 chemical sciences, Mercury (element), Mercury Isotopes, chemistry, Metals/heavy metals, NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, Hair
Abstract

International audience; We optimized a mercury (Hg) speciation extraction method for human hair in combination with species-specific isotope-dilution analysis by gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (GC-ICP-MS). The method was validated on human hair reference material RM (IAEA-086), which is recommended for analysis of monomethylmercury (MMHg) and inorganic mercury (IHg). Three reagents, hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and three extraction procedures, at ambient temperature for 12 h, microwave-assisted at 75 A degrees C for 6 min, and oven heated at 80 A degrees C for 2 h were tested. Extraction efficiency, recovery, and potential species transformations were evaluated for each method. The most efficient procedures, with recovery of similar to 90 % for each species with limited demethylation (< 5 %) and methylation (0 %), were HNO3 digestion, irrespective of temperature, and microwave-assisted TMAH extraction. Acidic extraction with HCl induces significant demethylation, with production of artifacts. To correct for potential demethylation artifacts we recommend spiking with isotopically enriched standards before the extraction step.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Anomalous Mercury Isotopic Compositions of Fish and Human Hair in the Bolivian Amazon

Author

Laurence Maurice, Holger Hintelmann, Philippe Behra, Marc Pouilly, Yuba Sánchez Bacarreza, Jeroen E. Sonke, Laure Laffont, Tamara Pérez, Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie (LMTG), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry, Trent University, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Instituto de Ecologia (IE), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Limnologia y Recursos Acuáticos, UMSS, Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMSA, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Delta, Aging, Bolivia, Light, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Drainage basin, chemistry.chemical_element, Chemical Fractionation, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Age Distribution, Isotope fractionation, Population Groups, Rivers, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Methylmercury, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope analysis, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geography, Ecology, Fishes, Aquatic animal, Mercury, General Chemistry, Methylmercury Compounds, Mercury (element), Mercury Isotopes, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Bioaccumulation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Oxidation-Reduction, Environmental Monitoring, Hair
Abstract

International audience; We report mercury (Hg) mass-dependent isotope fractionation (MDF) and mass-independent isotope fractionation (MIF) in hair samples of the Bolivian Esse Ejjas native people and in several tropical fish species that constitute their daily diet MDF with delta Hg-202 ranging from -0.40 to -0.92 parts per thousand for fish and +1.04 to +1.42 parts per thousand for hair was observed. Hair samples of native people with a fish-dominated diet are enriched by +2.0 0.2 parts per thousand in 6212 Hg relative to the fish consumed. Both odd Hg isotopes, Hg-199 and Hg-201, display MIF in fish (from -0.14 to +0.38 parts per thousand for Delta Hg-201 and from -0.09 to +0.55 parts per thousand for Delta Hg-199) and in hair (from +0.12 to +0.66 parts per thousand for Delta Hg-201 and from +0.14 to +0.81 parts per thousand for Delta Hg-199). No significant difference in MIF anomalies is observed between Hg in fish and in human hair, suggesting that the anomalies act as conservative source tracers between upper trophic levels of the tropical food chain, Fish Hg MIF anomalies are 10-fold lower than those published for fish species from midlatitude lakes. Grouping all Amazonian fish species per location shows that Delta Hg-199: Delta Hg-201 regression slopes for the clear water Itenez River basin (0.95 +/- 0.08) are significantly lower than those for the white water Beni River basin (1.28 +/- 0.12). Assuming that the observed MIF originates from aquatic photoreactions, we calculated limited photodemethylation of monomethylmercury (MMHg) in the Beni River floodplains and insignificant photodemethylation in the Itenez River floodplains. This is possibly related to lower residence times of MMHg in the Itenez compared to the Beni River floodplains. Finally, a significantly negative Delta Hg-201 of -0.14 parts per thousand in Beni River fish suggests that the inorganic Hg precursor to the MMHg that bioaccumulates up the food chain defines an ecosystem specific non-zero Delta Hg-201 baseline. Calculation of photodemethylation intensities from Hg or MMHg MIF, therefore, requires a baseline correction.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Mercury(II) trace detection by a gold nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry including a chloride desorption step

Author

Teddy Hezard, Lars-Eric Heimbürger, David Evrard, Philippe Behra, Laure Laffont, Jeroen E. Sonke, Pierre Gros, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), STAE (Sciences et Technologies pour l'Aeronautique et l'Espace) Foundation, European Research Council (ERC-2010-StG_20091028), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Science Technique Aéronautique et Espace - FCS STAE (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut de recherche sur l'architecture antique (IRAA), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochimie des Isotopes Stables (GIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle

Subjects
Stripping voltammetry, Chimie-Physique, Inorganic chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Metal Nanoparticles, 02 engineering and technology, Glassy carbon, 01 natural sciences, Chloride, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, Chlorides, law, Desorption, medicine, Gold nanoparticles, Electrodes, Groundwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Detection limit, Electrolysis, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Electrochemical Techniques, Equipment Design, Mercury, Hg(II) sensor, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Carbon, 0104 chemical sciences, Anodic stripping voltammetry, Electrode, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Chloride desorption step, Natural water, France, Gold, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology, Water Pollutants, Chemical, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were deposited on a glassy carbon (GC) substrate by constant potential electrolysis and characterized by cyclic voltammetry in H2SO4 and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The modified AuNPs-GC electrode was used for low Hg(II) concentration detection using a Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV) procedure which included a chloride desorption step. The comparison of the obtained results with our previous work in which no desorption step was used showed that this latter step significantly improved the analytical performances, providing a three time higher sensitivity and a limit of detection of 80 pM for 300 s preconcentration, as well as a lower average standard deviation. The influence of chloride concentration on the AuNPs-GC electrode response to Hg(II) trace amounts was also studied and its optimal value confirmed to be in the 10-2 M range. Finally, the AuNPs-GC electrode was used for the determination of Hg(II) in a natural groundwater sample from south of France. By using a preconcentration time of 3000 s, a Hg(II) concentration of 19 +/- 3 pM was found, which compared well with the result obtained by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (22 +/- 2 pM).

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Hg(II) trace electrochemical detection on gold electrode: Evidence for chloride adsorption as the responsible for the broad baseline

Author

Philippe Behra, David Evrard, Laure Laffont, Pierre Gros, Teddy Hezard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Science Technique Aéronautique et Espace - FCS STAE (FRANCE), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and STAE (Sciences et Technologies pour l’Aéronautique et l’Espace) Foundation under the ‘‘MAISOE’’ (Microlaboratoires d’Analyses In Situ pour des observatoires Environnementaux) project

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering, Inorganic chemistry, Gold electrode reactivity, Analytical chemistry, Halide, Hg(II) trace electrochemical detection, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Chloride, Analytical Chemistry, Adsorption, Desorption, Electrochemistry, medicine, Bovine serum albumin, Cl adsorption, Deposition (law), biology, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Calomel, Electrode, biology.protein, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug, Chimie théorique et/ou physique
Abstract

yadsorption a b s t r a c t Investigations were performed in order to clarify the origin of the broad baseline observed during Hg(II) trace electrochemical detection on gold electrode in the presence of Cl y anions. The influence of Cl y concentration on the shape of the voltammograms was studied in the presence and in the absence of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) in order to bring out adsorption/desorption processes. On the basis of these experiments, and contrary to what has been proposed by several authors in the literature, it was proved that the broad baseline does not result from calomel (Hg2Cl2) formation but is rather related to an interaction between Cl y and polycrystalline Au electrode surface. The evolution of the shape of the baseline was also studied in the presence of other halide anions, namely F y , Br y , and I y . The latter two were found to induce a broad baseline similar to that recorded in the presence of Cl y . Finally, it was shown that BSA addition is not suitable for Hg(II) detection since it prevents Hg(0) deposition onto the electrode surface.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Hg speciation and stable isotope signatures in human hair as a tracer for dietary and occupational exposure to mercury

Author

Laure Laffont, Selma J. Luna Monrroy, Philippe Behra, Jaime Chincheros, Jeroen E. Sonke, David Amouroux, Laurence Maurice, Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), GET (GET), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications de Bretagne, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and We would like to thank the INSU-CNRS EC2CO Program (RIMES), the IRD, the Midi-Pyrenees and Aquitaine regions, and ANR-09-JCJC-0035-01 grant for funding and cooperation agreements with Bolivian institutions. L.L. acknowledges the Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche in France for her Ph.D. grant. C. Boucayrand, M. Carayon, and C. Causserand at the GET are thanked for helping during sample preparation and experimentation, R. Freydier for assistance on the MC-ICPMS, E. Tessier for assistance on the GC-ICPMS, B. Guerrero for drawing Figure SI-SI, and D. Point and M. Monperrus for fruitful discussions. Three anonymous reviewers helped improve the quality of this contribution.

Subjects
Bolivia, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemical, engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Food Contamination, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Isotope fractionation, TRACER, Occupational Exposure, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, Humans, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Isotope, Stable isotope ratio, Fishes, Marine fish, General Chemistry, Mercury, biology.organism_classification, Mercury (element), chemistry, water pollutants, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, environmental sciences and ecology, Freshwater fish, Occupational exposure, France, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Hair
Abstract

International audience; Exposure of humans and wildlife to various inorganic and organometallic forms of mercury (Hg) may induce adverse health effects. While human populations in developed countries are mainly exposed to marine fish monomethylmercury (MMHg), this is not necessarily the case for developing countries and diverse indigenous people. Identification of Hg exposure sources from biomonitor media such as urine or hair would be useful in combating exposure. Here we report on the Hg stable isotope signatures and Hg speciation in human hair across different gold miner, indigenous and urban populations in Bolivia and France. We found evidence for both mass-dependent isotope fractionation (MDF) and mass-independent isotope fractionation (MIF) in all hair samples. Three limiting cases of dominant exposure to inorganic Hg (IHg), freshwater fish MMHg, and marine fish MMHg sources are used to define approximate Hg isotope source signatures. Knowing the source signatures, we then estimated Hg exposure sources for the Bolivian gold miner populations. Modeled IHg levels in hair correspond well to measured IHg concentrations (R = 0.9), demonstrating that IHg exposure sources to gold miners can be monitored in hair samples following either its chemical speciation or isotopic composition. Different MMHg and inorganic exposure levels among gold miners appear to correspond to living and working conditions, including proximity to small towns, and artisanal vs large scale mining activity.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Manger à Rennes : l’alimentation des élites rennaises d’après les isotopes

Author

Klervia Jaouen, Rozenn Colleter, Jeroen Sonke, Laure Laffont, Pauline Méjean, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rozenn Colleter, Daniel Pichot, and Eric Crubézy

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Isotope, Elites sciences sociales, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Quengo Louise (1584-1656), Bretagne, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Alimentation, Rennes, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

17. A transition support system to build decarbonization scenarios in the academic community

Author

Nicolas Gratiot, Jérémie Klein, Marceau Challet, Olivier Dangles, Serge Janicot, Miriam Candelas, Géraldine Sarret, Géremy Panthou, Benoît Hingray, Nicolas Champollion, Julien Montillaud, Pascal Bellemain, Cédric-Stéphane Bationo, Loïs Monnier, Laure Laffont, Marie-Alice Foujols, Odin Marc, Véronique Riffault, Liselotte Tinel, Emmanuel Mignot, Nathalie Philippon, Alain Dezetter, Alexandre Caron, Guillaume Piton, Aurélie Verney-Carron, Anne Delaballe, Nelly Bardet, Florence Nozay-Maurice, Anne-Sophie Loison, Franck Delbart, Sandrine Anquetin, Françoise Immel, Christophe Baehr, Fabien Malbet, Céline Berni, Laurence Delattre, Vincent Echevin, Elodie Petitdidier, Olivier Aumont, Florence Michau, Nicolas Bijon, Jean-Philippe Vidal, Sébastien Pinel, Océane Biabiany, Cathy Grevesse, Louise Mimeau, Anne Biarnès, Charlotte Récapet, Morgane Costes-Thiré, Mariline Poupaud, Maialen Barret, Marie Bonnin, Virginie Mournetas, Bernard Tourancheau, Bertrand Goldman, Marie Paule Bonnet, and Isabelle Michaud-Soret

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results