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1. Generative AI & Changing Work: Systematic Review of Practitioner-led Work Transformations through the Lens of Job Crafting

Author

Law, Matthew and Varanasi, Rama Adithya

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Widespread integration of Generative AI tools is transforming white-collar work, reshaping how workers define their roles, manage their tasks, and collaborate with peers. This has created a need to develop an overarching understanding of common worker-driven patterns around these transformations. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review of 23 studies from the ACM Digital Library that focused on workers' lived-experiences and practitioners with GenAI. Our findings reveal that while many professionals have delegated routine tasks to GenAI to focus on core responsibilities, they have also taken on new forms of AI managerial labor to monitor and refine GenAI outputs. Additionally, practitioners have restructured collaborations, sometimes bypassing traditional peer and subordinate interactions in favor of GenAI assistance. These shifts have fragmented cohesive tasks into piecework creating tensions around role boundaries and professional identity. Our analysis suggests that current frameworks, like job crafting, need to evolve to address the complexities of GenAI-driven transformations.

Published
2025

5. Genome-wide analyses characterize shared heritability among cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility regions

Author

Lindström, Sara, Wang, Lu, Feng, Helian, Majumdar, Arunabha, Huo, Sijia, Macdonald, James, Harrison, Tabitha, Turman, Constance, Chen, Hongjie, Mancuso, Nicholas, Bammler, Theo, Consortium, Breast Cancer Association, Gallinger, Steve, Gruber, Stephen B, Gunter, Marc J, Le Marchand, Loic, Moreno, Victor, Offit, Kenneth, Study, Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study Colon Cancer Family Registry, De Vivo, Immaculata, O’Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Tomlinson, Ian, Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association, Fitzgerald, Rebecca, Gharahkhani, Puya, Gockel, Ines, Jankowski, Janusz, Macgregor, Stuart, Schumacher, Johannes, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard S, Jenkins, Robert B, Melin, Beatrice, Wrensch, Margaret, Brennan, Paul, Christiani, David C, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Aldrich, Melinda C, Amos, Christopher I, Landi, Maria Teresa, Tardon, Adonina, Consortium, International Lung Cancer, Bishop, D Timothy, Demenais, Florence, Goldstein, Alisa M, Iles, Mark M, Kanetsky, Peter A, Law, Matthew H, Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Wolpin, Brian M, Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort, Klein, Alison, Petersen, Gloria, Risch, Harvey, Consortium, The PRACTICAL Consortium Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control, Chanock, Stephen J, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Pharoah, Paul, Kar, Siddhartha, Hung, Rayjean J, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, and Kraft, Peter

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Digestive Diseases, Women's Health, Prevention, Cancer, Cancer Genomics, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Male, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Transcriptome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study (CORECT), Colon Cancer Family Registry Study (CCFR), Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (Panc4), The PRACTICAL Consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundThe shared inherited genetic contribution to risk of different cancers is not fully known. In this study, we leverage results from 12 cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to quantify pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility loci.MethodsWe collected GWAS summary statistics for 12 solid cancers based on 376 759 participants with cancer and 532 864 participants without cancer of European ancestry. The included cancer types were breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancers. We conducted cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies to discover novel cancer susceptibility loci. Finally, we assessed the extent of variant-specific pleiotropy among cancers at known and newly identified cancer susceptibility loci.ResultsWe observed widespread but modest genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers. In cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified 15 novel cancer susceptibility loci. Additionally, we identified multiple variants at 77 distinct loci with strong evidence of being associated with at least 2 cancer types by testing for pleiotropy at known cancer susceptibility loci.ConclusionsOverall, these results suggest that some genetic risk variants are shared among cancers, though much of cancer heritability is cancer-specific and thus tissue-specific. The increase in statistical power associated with larger sample sizes in cross-disease analysis allows for the identification of novel susceptibility regions. Future studies incorporating data on multiple cancer types are likely to identify additional regions associated with the risk of multiple cancer types.

Published
2023

6. Discovery of genomic loci associated with sleep apnea risk through multi-trait GWAS analysis with snoring.

Author

Campos, Adrian, Ingold, Nathan, Huang, Yunru, Mitchell, Brittany, Kho, Pik-Fang, Han, Xikun, García-Marín, Luis, Ong, Jue-Sheng, Law, Matthew, Martin, Nicholas, Dong, Xianjun, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, MacGregor, Stuart, Aslibekyan, Stella, Rentería, Miguel, and Yokoyama, Jennifer

Subjects
GWAS, genetics, sleep apnea, snoring, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Snoring, Phenotype, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Genomics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Despite its association with severe health conditions, the etiology of sleep apnea (SA) remains understudied. This study sought to identify genetic variants robustly associated with SA risk. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of SA across five cohorts (NTotal = 523 366), followed by a multi-trait analysis of GWAS (multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association summary statistics [MTAG]) to boost power, leveraging the high genetic correlation between SA and snoring. We then adjusted our results for the genetic effects of body mass index (BMI) using multi-trait-based conditional and joint analysis (mtCOJO) and sought replication of lead hits in a large cohort of participants from 23andMe, Inc (NTotal = 1 477 352; Ncases = 175 522). We also explored genetic correlations with other complex traits and performed a phenome-wide screen for causally associated phenotypes using the latent causal variable method. RESULTS: Our SA meta-analysis identified five independent variants with evidence of association beyond genome-wide significance. After adjustment for BMI, only one genome-wide significant variant was identified. MTAG analyses uncovered 49 significant independent loci associated with SA risk. Twenty-nine variants were replicated in the 23andMe GWAS adjusting for BMI. We observed genetic correlations with several complex traits, including multisite chronic pain, diabetes, eye disorders, high blood pressure, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and BMI-associated conditions. CONCLUSION: Our study uncovered multiple genetic loci associated with SA risk, thus increasing our understanding of the etiology of this condition and its relationship with other complex traits.

Published
2023

7. The genetic basis of endometriosis and comorbidity with other pain and inflammatory conditions

Author

Rahmioglu, Nilufer, Mortlock, Sally, Ghiasi, Marzieh, Møller, Peter L, Stefansdottir, Lilja, Galarneau, Geneviève, Turman, Constance, Danning, Rebecca, Law, Matthew H, Sapkota, Yadav, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Skarp, Sini, Giri, Ayush, Banasik, Karina, Krassowski, Michal, Lepamets, Maarja, Marciniak, Błażej, Nõukas, Margit, Perro, Danielle, Sliz, Eeva, Sobalska-Kwapis, Marta, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Topbas-Selcuki, Nura F, Vitonis, Allison, Westergaard, David, Arnadottir, Ragnheidur, Burgdorf, Kristoffer S, Campbell, Archie, Cheuk, Cecilia SK, Clementi, Caterina, Cook, James, De Vivo, Immaculata, DiVasta, Amy, Dorien, O, Donoghue, Jacqueline F, Edwards, Todd, Fontanillas, Pierre, Fung, Jenny N, Geirsson, Reynir T, Girling, Jane E, Harkki, Paivi, Harris, Holly R, Healey, Martin, Heikinheimo, Oskari, Holdsworth-Carson, Sarah, Hostettler, Isabel C, Houlden, Henry, Houshdaran, Sahar, Irwin, Juan C, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kennedy, Stephen H, Kepka, Ewa, Kettunen, Johannes, Kubo, Michiaki, Kulig, Bartosz, Kurra, Venla, Laivuori, Hannele, Laufer, Marc R, Lindgren, Cecilia M, MacGregor, Stuart, Mangino, Massimo, Martin, Nicholas G, Matalliotaki, Charoula, Matalliotakis, Michail, Murray, Alison D, Ndungu, Anne, Nezhat, Camran, Olsen, Catherine M, Opoku-Anane, Jessica, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Paranjpe, Manish, Peters, Maire, Polak, Grzegorz, Porteous, David J, Rabban, Joseph, Rexrode, Kathyrn M, Romanowicz, Hanna, Saare, Merli, Saavalainen, Liisu, Schork, Andrew J, Sen, Sushmita, Shafrir, Amy L, Siewierska-Górska, Anna, Słomka, Marcin, Smith, Blair H, Smolarz, Beata, Szaflik, Tomasz, Szyłło, Krzysztof, Takahashi, Atsushi, Terry, Kathryn L, Tomassetti, Carla, Treloar, Susan A, Vanhie, Arne, Vincent, Katy, Vo, Kim C, Werring, David J, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zervou, Maria I, and Adachi, Sosuke

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Pain Research, Headaches, Women's Health, Chronic Pain, Prevention, Contraception/Reproduction, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Infertility, Neurosciences, Migraines, Endometriosis, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Female, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Pain, Comorbidity, DBDS Genomic Consortium, FinnGen Study, FinnGen Endometriosis Taskforce, Celmatix Research Team, 23andMe Research Team, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

Endometriosis is a common condition associated with debilitating pelvic pain and infertility. A genome-wide association study meta-analysis, including 60,674 cases and 701,926 controls of European and East Asian descent, identified 42 genome-wide significant loci comprising 49 distinct association signals. Effect sizes were largest for stage 3/4 disease, driven by ovarian endometriosis. Identified signals explained up to 5.01% of disease variance and regulated expression or methylation of genes in endometrium and blood, many of which were associated with pain perception/maintenance (SRP14/BMF, GDAP1, MLLT10, BSN and NGF). We observed significant genetic correlations between endometriosis and 11 pain conditions, including migraine, back and multisite chronic pain (MCP), as well as inflammatory conditions, including asthma and osteoarthritis. Multitrait genetic analyses identified substantial sharing of variants associated with endometriosis and MCP/migraine. Targeted investigations of genetically regulated mechanisms shared between endometriosis and other pain conditions are needed to aid the development of new treatments and facilitate early symptomatic intervention.

Published
2023

13. Associations between change in BMI and the risk of hypertension and dyslipidaemia in people receiving integrase strand-transfer inhibitors, tenofovir alafenamide, or both compared with other contemporary antiretroviral regimens: a multicentre, prospective observational study from the RESPOND consortium cohorts

Author

Byonanebye, Dathan M, Polizzotto, Mark N, Maltez, Fernando, Rauch, Andri, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Wit, Ferdinand, De Wit, Stéphane, Castagna, Antonella, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Mussini, Cristina, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Fontas, Eric, Abela, Irene, Sarcletti, Mario, Bansi-Matharu, Loveleen, Jaschinski, Nadine, Peters, Lars, Hosein, Sean R, Vannappagari, Vani, Cohen, Cal, Bissio, Emiliano, Mocroft, Amanda, Law, Matthew, Ryom, Lene, and Petoumenos, Kathy

Published
2024
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15. Uncovering the complex relationship between balding, testosterone and skin cancers in men

Author

Ong, Jue-Sheng, Seviiri, Mathias, Dusingize, Jean Claude, Wu, Yeda, Han, Xikun, Shi, Jianxin, Olsen, Catherine M., Neale, Rachel E., Thompson, John F., Saw, Robyn P. M., Shannon, Kerwin F., Mann, Graham J., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Gordon, Scott D., Scolyer, Richard A., Long, Georgina V., Iles, Mark M., Landi, Maria Teresa, Whiteman, David C., MacGregor, Stuart, and Law, Matthew H.

Published
2023
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16. Long-term HIV care outcomes under universal HIV treatment guidelines: A retrospective cohort study in 25 countries

Author

Brazier, Ellen, Tymejczyk, Olga, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Jiamsakul, Awachana, Torres, Marco Tulio Luque, Lee, Jennifer S., Abuogi, Lisa, Khol, Vohith, Mejía Cordero, Fernando, Althoff, Keri N., Law, Matthew G., and Nash, Denis

Subjects
Care and treatment, Usage, Patient outcomes, Dosage and administration, Health aspects, HIV patients -- Care and treatment, AIDS treatment -- Patient outcomes, Practice guidelines (Medicine) -- Usage, Long term care -- Usage -- Health aspects, Antiretroviral agents -- Dosage and administration, Long-term care of the sick -- Usage -- Health aspects
Abstract

Author(s): Ellen Brazier 1,2,*, Olga Tymejczyk 1, Kara Wools-Kaloustian 3, Awachana Jiamsakul 4, Marco Tulio Luque Torres 5, Jennifer S. Lee 6, Lisa Abuogi 7, Vohith Khol 8, Fernando Mejía [...], Background While national adoption of universal HIV treatment guidelines has led to improved, timely uptake of antiretroviral therapy (ART), longer-term care outcomes are understudied. There is little data from real-world service delivery settings on patient attrition, viral load (VL) monitoring, and viral suppression (VS) at 24 and 36 months after HIV treatment initiation. Methods and findings For this retrospective cohort analysis, we used observational data from 25 countries in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium&apos;s Asia-Pacific, Central Africa, East Africa, Central/South America, and North America regions for patients who were ART naïve and aged [greater than or equal to]15 years at care enrollment between 24 months before and 12 months after national adoption of universal treatment guidelines, occurring 2012 to 2018. We estimated crude cumulative incidence of loss-to-clinic (CI-LTC) at 12, 24, and 36 months after enrollment among patients enrolling in care before and after guideline adoption using competing risks regression. Guideline change-associated hazard ratios of LTC at each time point after enrollment were estimated via cause-specific Cox proportional hazards regression models. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate relative risks of retention, VL monitoring, and VS at 12, 24, and 36 months after ART initiation. There were 66,963 patients enrolling in HIV care at 109 clinics with [greater than or equal to]12 months of follow-up time after enrollment (46,484 [69.4%] enrolling before guideline adoption and 20,479 [30.6%] enrolling afterwards). More than half (54.9%) were females, and median age was 34 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 27 to 43). Mean follow-up time was 51 months (standard deviation: 17 months; range: 12, 110 months). Among patients enrolling before guideline adoption, crude CI-LTC was 23.8% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 23.4, 24.2) at 12 months, 31.0% (95% CI [30.6, 31.5]) at 24 months, and 37.2% (95% [CI 36.8, 37.7]) at 36 months after enrollment. Adjusting for sex, age group, enrollment CD4, clinic location and type, and country income level, enrolling in care and initiating ART after guideline adoption was associated with increased hazard of LTC at 12 months (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.25 [95% CI 1.08, 1.44]; p = 0.003); 24 months (aHR 1.38 [95% CI 1.19, 1.59]; p < .001); and 36 months (aHR 1.34 [95% CI 1.18, 1.53], p < .001) compared with enrollment before guideline adoption, with no before-after differences among patients with no record of ART initiation by end of follow-up. Among patients retained after ART initiation, VL monitoring was low, with marginal improvements associated with guideline adoption only at 12 months after ART initiation. Among those with VL monitoring, VS was high at each time point among patients enrolling before guideline adoption (86.0% to 88.8%) and afterwards (86.2% to 90.3%), with no substantive difference associated with guideline adoption. Study limitations include lags in and potential underascertainment of care outcomes in real-world service delivery data and potential lack of generalizability beyond IeDEA sites and regions included in this analysis. Conclusions In this study, adoption of universal HIV treatment guidelines was associated with lower retention after ART initiation out to 36 months of follow-up, with little change in VL monitoring or VS among retained patients. Monitoring long-term HIV care outcomes remains critical to identify and address causes of attrition and gaps in HIV care quality.

Published
2024
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17. Long-term cost-effectiveness of a melanoma prevention program using genomic risk information compared with standard prevention advice in Australia

Author

Newson, Ainsley J., Morton, Rachael L., Kimlin, Michael, Keogh, Louise, Law, Matthew, Kirk, Judy, Dobbinson, Suzanne J., Kanetsky, Peter, Mann, Graham, Dawkins, Hugh, Savard, Jacqueline, Dunlop, Kate, Trevena, Lyndal, Jenkins, Mark, Allen, Martin, Butow, Phyllis, Wordsworth, Sarah, Lo, Serigne, Low, Cynthia, Smit, Amelia K., Espinoza, David, Cust, Anne E., Law, Chi Kin, Fernandez-Penas, Pablo, Nieweg, Omgo E., and Menzies, Alexander M.

Published
2023
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19. Assessment of polygenic architecture and risk prediction based on common variants across fourteen cancers.

Author

Zhang, Yan Dora, Hurson, Amber N, Zhang, Haoyu, Choudhury, Parichoy Pal, Easton, Douglas F, Milne, Roger L, Simard, Jacques, Hall, Per, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Gharahkhani, Puya, Whiteman, David, Campbell, Peter T, Hoffmeister, Michael, Jenkins, Mark, Peters, Ulrike, Hsu, Li, Gruber, Stephen B, Casey, Graham, Schmit, Stephanie L, O'Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, Tomlinson, Ian, De Vivo, Immaculata, Landi, Maria Teresa, Law, Matthew H, Iles, Mark M, Demenais, Florence, Kumar, Rajiv, MacGregor, Stuart, Bishop, D Timothy, Ward, Sarah V, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard, Wiencke, John K, Melin, Beatrice, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Kinnersley, Ben, Wrensch, Margaret R, Amos, Christopher I, Hung, Rayjean J, Brennan, Paul, McKay, James, Caporaso, Neil E, Berndt, Sonja I, Birmann, Brenda M, Camp, Nicola J, Kraft, Peter, Rothman, Nathaniel, Slager, Susan L, Berchuck, Andrew, Pharoah, Paul DP, Sellers, Thomas A, Gayther, Simon A, Pearce, Celeste L, Goode, Ellen L, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Moysich, Kirsten B, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Jacobs, Eric J, Klein, Alison P, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachel Z, Wolpin, Brian M, Li, Donghui, Eeles, Rosalind A, Haiman, Christopher A, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Dalgaard, Marlene D, Greene, Mark H, Grotmol, Tom, Kanetsky, Peter A, McGlynn, Katherine A, Nathanson, Katherine L, Turnbull, Clare, Wiklund, Fredrik, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON), Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR), Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer (CORECT), Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium (ECAC), Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), Melanoma Genetics Consortium (GenoMEL), Glioma International Case-Control Study (GICC), International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Consortium, International Consortium of Investigators Working on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies (InterLymph), Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), Oral Cancer GWAS, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4), Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan), and Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome (PRACTICAL)

Subjects
Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium, Colon Cancer Family Registry, Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Melanoma Genetics Consortium, Glioma International Case-Control Study, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Consortium, International Consortium of Investigators Working on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Oral Cancer GWAS, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome, Renal Cancer GWAS, Testicular Cancer Consortium, Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Incidence, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Models, Genetic, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human Genome, Prevention, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to the identification of hundreds of susceptibility loci across cancers, but the impact of further studies remains uncertain. Here we analyse summary-level data from GWAS of European ancestry across fourteen cancer sites to estimate the number of common susceptibility variants (polygenicity) and underlying effect-size distribution. All cancers show a high degree of polygenicity, involving at a minimum of thousands of loci. We project that sample sizes required to explain 80% of GWAS heritability vary from 60,000 cases for testicular to over 1,000,000 cases for lung cancer. The maximum relative risk achievable for subjects at the 99th risk percentile of underlying polygenic risk scores (PRS), compared to average risk, ranges from 12 for testicular to 2.5 for ovarian cancer. We show that PRS have potential for risk stratification for cancers of breast, colon and prostate, but less so for others because of modest heritability and lower incidence.

Published
2020

21. The association between genetically elevated polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of cancer

Author

Tintle, Nathan, Rice, Terri, Cheng, Iona, Jenkins, Mark, Gallinger, Steve, Cornish, Alex J., Sud, Amit, Vijayakrishnan, Jayaram, Wrensch, Margaret, Johansson, Mattias, Norman, Aaron D., Klein, Alison, Clay-Gilmour, Alyssa, Franke, Andre, Ardisson Korat, Andres V., Wheeler, Bill, Nilsson, Björn, Smith, Caren, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Song, Ci, Riadi, David, Claus, Elizabeth B., Ellinghaus, Eva, Ostroumova, Evgenia, Hosnijeh, de Vathaire, Florent, Cugliari, Giovanni, Matullo, Giuseppe, Oi-Lin Ng, Irene, Passow, Jeanette E., Foo, Jia Nee, Han, Jiali, Liu, Jianjun, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Schildkraut, Joellen M., Maris, John, Wiemels, Joseph L., Hemminki, Kari, Yang, Keming, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Wu, Lang, Amundadottir, Laufey, Stern, Marc-Henri, Boutron, Marie-Christine, Iles, Mark Martin, Purdue, Mark P., Stanulla, Martin, Bondy, Melissa, Gaudet, Mia, Mobuchon, Lenha, Camp, Nicola J., Sham, Pak Chung, Guénel, Pascal, Brennan, Paul, Taylor, Philip R., Ostrom, Quinn, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Houlston, Richard, Jenkins, Robert B., Diskin, Sharon, Berndt, Sonja I., Tsavachidis, Spiridon, Channock, Stephen J., Harrison, Tabitha, Galesloot, Tessel, Gyllensten, Ulf, Joseph, Vijai, Shi, Y., Yang, Wenjian, Lin, Yi, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., Haycock, Philip C., Borges, Maria Carolina, Burrows, Kimberley, Lemaitre, Rozenn N., Burgess, Stephen, Khankari, Nikhil K., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Gaunt, Tom R., Hemani, Gibran, Zheng, Jie, Truong, Therese, Birmann, Brenda M., OMara, Tracy, Spurdle, Amanda B., Iles, Mark M., Law, Matthew H., Slager, Susan L., Saberi Hosnijeh, Fatemeh, Mariosa, Daniela, Cotterchio, Michelle, Cerhan, James R., Peters, Ulrike, Enroth, Stefan, Gharahkhani, Puya, Le Marchand, Loic, Williams, Ann C., Block, Robert C., Amos, Christopher I., Hung, Rayjean J., Zheng, Wei, Gunter, Marc J., Smith, George Davey, Relton, Caroline, and Martin, Richard M.

Published
2023
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22. Global Biobank analyses provide lessons for developing polygenic risk scores across diverse cohorts

Author

Zhou, Wei, Kanai, Masahiro, Wu, Kuan-Han H., Rasheed, Humaira, Tsuo, Kristin, Hirbo, Jibril B., Wang, Ying, Bhattacharya, Arjun, Zhao, Huiling, Namba, Shinichi, Surakka, Ida, Wolford, Brooke N., Lo Faro, Valeria, Lopera-Maya, Esteban A., Läll, Kristi, Favé, Marie-Julie, Chapman, Sinéad B., Karjalainen, Juha, Kurki, Mitja, Mutaamba, Maasha, Partanen, Juulia J., Brumpton, Ben M., Chavan, Sameer, Chen, Tzu-Ting, Daya, Michelle, Ding, Yi, Feng, Yen-Chen A., Gignoux, Christopher R., Graham, Sarah E., Hornsby, Whitney E., Ingold, Nathan, Johnson, Ruth, Laisk, Triin, Lin, Kuang, Lv, Jun, Millwood, Iona Y., Palta, Priit, Pandit, Anita, Preuss, Michael H., Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Uzunovic, Jasmina, Zawistowski, Matthew, Zhong, Xue, Campbell, Archie, Crooks, Kristy, de Bock, Geertruida H., Douville, Nicholas J., Finer, Sarah, Fritsche, Lars G., Griffiths, Christopher J., Guo, Yu, Hunt, Karen A., Konuma, Takahiro, Marioni, Riccardo E., Nomdo, Jansonius, Patil, Snehal, Rafaels, Nicholas, Richmond, Anne, Shortt, Jonathan A., Straub, Peter, Tao, Ran, Vanderwerff, Brett, Barnes, Kathleen C., Boezen, Marike, Chen, Zhengming, Chen, Chia-Yen, Cho, Judy, Smith, George Davey, Finucane, Hilary K., Franke, Lude, Gamazon, Eric R., Ganna, Andrea, Gaunt, Tom R., Ge, Tian, Huang, Hailiang, Huffman, Jennifer, Koskela, Jukka T., Lajonchere, Clara, Law, Matthew H., Li, Liming, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Loos, Ruth J.F., MacGregor, Stuart, Matsuda, Koichi, Olsen, Catherine M., Porteous, David J., Shavit, Jordan A., Snieder, Harold, Trembath, Richard C., Vonk, Judith M., Whiteman, David, Wicks, Stephen J., Wijmenga, Cisca, Wright, John, Zheng, Jie, Zhou, Xiang, Awadalla, Philip, Boehnke, Michael, Cox, Nancy J., Geschwind, Daniel H., Hayward, Caroline, Hveem, Kristian, Kenny, Eimear E., Lin, Yen-Feng, Mägi, Reedik, Martin, Hilary C., Medland, Sarah E., Okada, Yukinori, Palotie, Aarno V., Pasaniuc, Bogdan, Sanna, Serena, Smoller, Jordan W., Stefansson, Kari, van Heel, David A., Walters, Robin G., Zöllner, Sebastian, Martin, Alicia R., Willer, Cristen J., Daly, Mark J., Neale, Benjamin M., Lopera, Esteban, Kerminen, Sini, Wu, Kuan-Han, Bhatta, Laxmi, Brumpton, Ben, Deelen, Patrick, Murakami, Yoshinori, Willer, Cristen, and Hirbo, Jibril

Published
2023
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23. Overlapping genetic architecture between Parkinson disease and melanoma

Author

Dube, Umber, Ibanez, Laura, Budde, John P, Benitez, Bruno A, Davis, Albert A, Harari, Oscar, Iles, Mark M, Law, Matthew H, Brown, Kevin M, and Cruchaga, Carlos

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Neurodegenerative, Aging, Biotechnology, Prevention, Cancer, Human Genome, Parkinson's Disease, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Case-Control Studies, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Melanoma, Multifactorial Inheritance, Parkinson Disease, Skin Neoplasms, 23andMe Research Team, Melanoma-Meta-analysis Consortium, Genetic correlation, Parkinson disease, Polygenic, Shared genetic architecture, TWAS, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results regarding an association between Parkinson disease (PD) and cutaneous melanoma (melanoma). Identifying shared genetic architecture between these diseases can support epidemiologic findings and identify common risk genes and biological pathways. Here, we apply polygenic, linkage disequilibrium-informed methods to the largest available case-control, genome-wide association study summary statistic data for melanoma and PD. We identify positive and significant genetic correlation (correlation: 0.17, 95% CI 0.10-0.24; P = 4.09 × 10-06) between melanoma and PD. We further demonstrate melanoma and PD-inferred gene expression to overlap across tissues (correlation: 0.14, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.22; P = 7.87 × 10-04) and highlight seven genes including PIEZO1, TRAPPC2L, and SOX6 as potential mediators of the genetic correlation between melanoma and PD. These findings demonstrate specific, shared genetic architecture between PD and melanoma that manifests at the level of gene expression.

Published
2020

24. Meta-analysis fine-mapping is often miscalibrated at single-variant resolution

Author

Zhou, Wei, Kanai, Masahiro, Wu, Kuan-Han H., Rasheed, Humaira, Tsuo, Kristin, Hirbo, Jibril B., Wang, Ying, Bhattacharya, Arjun, Zhao, Huiling, Namba, Shinichi, Surakka, Ida, Wolford, Brooke N., Lo Faro, Valeria, Lopera-Maya, Esteban A., Läll, Kristi, Favé, Marie-Julie, Partanen, Juulia J., Chapman, Sinéad B., Karjalainen, Juha, Kurki, Mitja, Maasha, Mutaamba, Brumpton, Ben M., Chavan, Sameer, Chen, Tzu-Ting, Daya, Michelle, Ding, Yi, Feng, Yen-Chen A., Guare, Lindsay A., Gignoux, Christopher R., Graham, Sarah E., Hornsby, Whitney E., Ingold, Nathan, Ismail, Said I., Johnson, Ruth, Laisk, Triin, Lin, Kuang, Lv, Jun, Millwood, Iona Y., Moreno-Grau, Sonia, Nam, Kisung, Palta, Priit, Pandit, Anita, Preuss, Michael H., Saad, Chadi, Setia-Verma, Shefali, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Uzunovic, Jasmina, Verma, Anurag, Zawistowski, Matthew, Zhong, Xue, Afifi, Nahla, Al-Dabhani, Kawthar M., Al Thani, Asma, Bradford, Yuki, Campbell, Archie, Crooks, Kristy, de Bock, Geertruida H., Damrauer, Scott M., Douville, Nicholas J., Finer, Sarah, Fritsche, Lars G., Fthenou, Eleni, Gonzalez-Arroyo, Gilberto, Griffiths, Christopher J., Guo, Yu, Hunt, Karen A., Ioannidis, Alexander, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Konuma, Takahiro, Michael Lee, Ming Ta, Lopez-Pineda, Arturo, Matsuda, Yuta, Marioni, Riccardo E., Moatamed, Babak, Nava-Aguilar, Marco A., Numakura, Kensuke, Patil, Snehal, Rafaels, Nicholas, Richmond, Anne, Rojas-Muñoz, Agustin, Shortt, Jonathan A., Straub, Peter, Tao, Ran, Vanderwerff, Brett, Vernekar, Manvi, Veturi, Yogasudha, Barnes, Kathleen C., Boezen, Marike, Chen, Zhengming, Chen, Chia-Yen, Cho, Judy, Smith, George Davey, Finucane, Hilary K., Franke, Lude, Gamazon, Eric R., Ganna, Andrea, Gaunt, Tom R., Ge, Tian, Huang, Hailiang, Huffman, Jennifer, Katsanis, Nicholas, Koskela, Jukka T., Lajonchere, Clara, Law, Matthew H., Li, Liming, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Loos, Ruth J.F., MacGregor, Stuart, Matsuda, Koichi, Olsen, Catherine M., Porteous, David J., Shavit, Jordan A., Snieder, Harold, Takano, Tomohiro, Trembath, Richard C., Vonk, Judith M., Whiteman, David C., Wicks, Stephen J., Wijmenga, Cisca, Wright, John, Zheng, Jie, Zhou, Xiang, Awadalla, Philip, Boehnke, Michael, Bustamante, Carlos D., Cox, Nancy J., Fatumo, Segun, Geschwind, Daniel H., Hayward, Caroline, Hveem, Kristian, Kenny, Eimear E., Lee, Seunggeun, Lin, Yen-Feng, Mbarek, Hamdi, Mägi, Reedik, Martin, Hilary C., Medland, Sarah E., Okada, Yukinori, Palotie, Aarno V., Pasaniuc, Bogdan, Rader, Daniel J., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Sanna, Serena, Smoller, Jordan W., Stefansson, Kari, van Heel, David A., Walters, Robin G., Zöllner, Sebastian, Biobank of the Americas, Biobank Japan Project, BioMe, BioVU, CanPath - Ontario Health Study, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group, Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, deCODE Genetics, Estonian Biobank, FinnGen, Generation Scotland, Genes & Health Research Team, LifeLines, Mass General Brigham Biobank, Michigan Genomics Initiative, National Biobank of Korea, Penn Medicine BioBank, Qatar Biobank, The Qskin Sun and Health Study, Taiwan Biobank, The Hunt Study, Ucla Atlas Community Health Initiative, Uganda Genome Resource, Uk Biobank, Martin, Alicia R., Willer, Cristen J., Daly, Mark J., Neale, Benjamin M., and Elzur, Roy

Published
2022
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25. Massively parallel reporter assays and variant scoring identified functional variants and target genes for melanoma loci and highlighted cell-type specificity

Author

Long, Erping, Yin, Jinhu, Funderburk, Karen M., Xu, Mai, Feng, James, Kane, Alexander, Zhang, Tongwu, Myers, Timothy, Golden, Alyxandra, Thakur, Rohit, Kong, Hyunkyung, Jessop, Lea, Kim, Eun Young, Jones, Kristine, Chari, Raj, Machiela, Mitchell J., Yu, Kai, Iles, Mark M., Landi, Maria Teresa, Law, Matthew H., Chanock, Stephen J., Brown, Kevin M., and Choi, Jiyeon

Published
2022
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26. Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative: Powering genetic discovery across human disease

Author

Zhou, Wei, Kanai, Masahiro, Wu, Kuan-Han H., Rasheed, Humaira, Tsuo, Kristin, Hirbo, Jibril B., Wang, Ying, Bhattacharya, Arjun, Zhao, Huiling, Namba, Shinichi, Surakka, Ida, Wolford, Brooke N., Lo Faro, Valeria, Lopera-Maya, Esteban A., Läll, Kristi, Favé, Marie-Julie, Partanen, Juulia J., Chapman, Sinéad B., Karjalainen, Juha, Kurki, Mitja, Maasha, Mutaamba, Brumpton, Ben M., Chavan, Sameer, Chen, Tzu-Ting, Daya, Michelle, Ding, Yi, Feng, Yen-Chen A., Guare, Lindsay A., Gignoux, Christopher R., Graham, Sarah E., Hornsby, Whitney E., Ingold, Nathan, Ismail, Said I., Johnson, Ruth, Laisk, Triin, Lin, Kuang, Lv, Jun, Millwood, Iona Y., Moreno-Grau, Sonia, Nam, Kisung, Palta, Priit, Pandit, Anita, Preuss, Michael H., Saad, Chadi, Setia-Verma, Shefali, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Uzunovic, Jasmina, Verma, Anurag, Zawistowski, Matthew, Zhong, Xue, Afifi, Nahla, Al-Dabhani, Kawthar M., Al Thani, Asma, Bradford, Yuki, Campbell, Archie, Crooks, Kristy, de Bock, Geertruida H., Damrauer, Scott M., Douville, Nicholas J., Finer, Sarah, Fritsche, Lars G., Fthenou, Eleni, Gonzalez-Arroyo, Gilberto, Griffiths, Christopher J., Guo, Yu, Hunt, Karen A., Ioannidis, Alexander, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Konuma, Takahiro, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Lopez-Pineda, Arturo, Matsuda, Yuta, Marioni, Riccardo E., Moatamed, Babak, Nava-Aguilar, Marco A., Numakura, Kensuke, Patil, Snehal, Rafaels, Nicholas, Richmond, Anne, Rojas-Muñoz, Agustin, Shortt, Jonathan A., Straub, Peter, Tao, Ran, Vanderwerff, Brett, Vernekar, Manvi, Veturi, Yogasudha, Barnes, Kathleen C., Boezen, Marike, Chen, Zhengming, Chen, Chia-Yen, Cho, Judy, Smith, George Davey, Finucane, Hilary K., Franke, Lude, Gamazon, Eric R., Ganna, Andrea, Gaunt, Tom R., Ge, Tian, Huang, Hailiang, Huffman, Jennifer, Katsanis, Nicholas, Koskela, Jukka T., Lajonchere, Clara, Law, Matthew H., Li, Liming, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Loos, Ruth J.F., MacGregor, Stuart, Matsuda, Koichi, Olsen, Catherine M., Porteous, David J., Shavit, Jordan A., Snieder, Harold, Takano, Tomohiro, Trembath, Richard C., Vonk, Judith M., Whiteman, David C., Wicks, Stephen J., Wijmenga, Cisca, Wright, John, Zheng, Jie, Zhou, Xiang, Awadalla, Philip, Boehnke, Michael, Bustamante, Carlos D., Cox, Nancy J., Fatumo, Segun, Geschwind, Daniel H., Hayward, Caroline, Hveem, Kristian, Kenny, Eimear E., Lee, Seunggeun, Lin, Yen-Feng, Mbarek, Hamdi, Mägi, Reedik, Martin, Hilary C., Medland, Sarah E., Okada, Yukinori, Palotie, Aarno V., Pasaniuc, Bogdan, Rader, Daniel J., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Sanna, Serena, Smoller, Jordan W., Stefansson, Kari, van Heel, David A., Walters, Robin G., Zöllner, Sebastian, Martin, Alicia R., Willer, Cristen J., Daly, Mark J., and Neale, Benjamin M.

Published
2022
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28. Standardized testing and written communication improve patient understanding of beta-lactam allergy testing outcomes: A multicenter, prospective study

Author

Loprete, Jacqueline, Katelaris, Constance H., Evans, Louise, Kane, Alisa, McMullan, Brendan, Wainstein, Brynn, Wong, Melanie, Post, Jeffrey, Suan, Daniel, Swaminathan, Sanjay, Richardson, Robyn, Rogers, Jamie, Torda, Adrienne, Campbell, Dianne E., Kelleher, Anthony D., Law, Matthew, Carr, Andrew, and Tong, Winnie W.Y.

Published
2022
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30. Multi-Trait Genetic Analysis Identifies Autoimmune Loci Associated with Cutaneous Melanoma

Author

Agee, Michelle, Aslibekyan, Stella, Auton, Adam, Babalola, Elizabeth, Bell, Robert K., Bielenberg, Jessica, Bryc, Katarzyna, Bullis, Emily, Cameron, Briana, Coker, Daniella, Cuellar Partida, Gabriel, Dhamija, Devika, Das, Sayantan, Elson, Sarah L., Filshtein, Teresa, Fletez-Brant, Kipper, Fontanillas, Pierre, Freyman, Will, Gandhi, Pooja M., Heilbron, Karl, Hicks, Barry, Hinds, David A., Huber, Karen E., Jewett, Ethan M., Kleinman, Aaron, Kukar, Katelyn, Lin, Keng-Han, Lowe, Maya, Luff, Marie K., McCreight, Jennifer C., McIntyre, Matthew H., McManus, Kimberly F., Micheletti, Steven J., Moreno, Meghan E., Mountain, Joanna L., Mozaffari, Sahar V., Nandakumar, Priyanka, Noblin, Elizabeth S., O'Connell, Jared, Petrakovitz, Aaron A., Poznik, G. David, Shastri, Anjali J., Shelton, Janie F., Shi, Jingchunzi, Shringarpure, Suyash, Tran, Vinh, Tung, Joyce Y., Wang, Xin, Wang, Wei, Weldon, Catherine H., Wilton, Peter, Liyanage, Upekha E., MacGregor, Stuart, Bishop, D. Timothy, Shi, Jianxin, An, Jiyuan, Ong, Jue Sheng, Han, Xikun, Scolyer, Richard A., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Byrne, Enda M., Green, Adèle C., Saw, Robyn P.M., Thompson, John F., Stretch, Jonathan, Spillane, Andrew, Jiang, Yunxuan, Tian, Chao, Gordon, Scott G., Duffy, David L., Olsen, Catherine M., Whiteman, David C., Long, Georgina V., Iles, Mark M., Landi, Maria Teresa, and Law, Matthew H.

Published
2022
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31. When and How to Use AI in the Design Process? Implications for Human-AI Design Collaboration.

Author

Lee, Seo-young, Law, Matthew, and Hoffman, Guy

Abstract

As the potential for human-AI design collaboration increases, understanding the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the design process becomes more important. How does AI currently support the design process and how could it do so in the future? To answer this question, we categorized existing AI design support systems (DSS) according to the Double-Diamond design process model, and found that they are mostly used in the later stages of the design process, focusing on generating design solutions. In contrast, very few systems focus on the early stages of the process, which include discovering and defining design problems. To explore this finding's alignment with designers' expectations in real-world design, we present a case study involving emerging AI technologies such as ChatGPT and robots. This study proposes that AI agents can potentially assist designers by providing inspirations, defining design problems with constraints, offering grounded metaphors, and exploring design materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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32. Phenotypic and genotypic risk factors for invasive melanoma by sex and body site.

Author

Olsen, Catherine M, Pandeya, Nirmala, Neale, Rachel E, Law, Matthew H, and Whiteman, David C

Subjects
GENETIC risk score, GENDER differences (Psychology), SUNSHINE, GENOME-wide association studies, NEVUS, MELANOMA
Abstract

Background Cutaneous melanoma incidence varies consistently across body sites between men and women, but the underlying causes of these differences remain unclear. To date, no prospective studies have examined risk factors for melanoma separately for men and women according to body site. Objectives We aimed to examine the association between identified constitutional, genetic and environmental risk factors for invasive melanoma of different body sites among men and women. Methods We compared the association between constitutional, genetic and environmental risk factors for invasive melanoma on different body sites separately for men and women in a population-based prospective cohort study of 17 774 men and 21 070 women aged between 40 and 69 years who were residents of Queensland, Australia at baseline in 2011. Participants were followed until December 2021. We examined risk factors including hair colour, tanning ability, naevus density and proxies for high cumulative sun exposure, all self-reported at baseline. We also examined polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from summary statistics from a melanoma genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Results During a median 10.4 years of follow-up, 455 men and 331 women developed an incident invasive melanoma; the mean age at diagnosis was lower in women than in men (62.6 vs. 65.0 years). The most common body site was the trunk in men (45.1%), and the upper (36.8%) and lower limbs (27.4%) in women. High naevus density and proxy measures of high cumulative sun exposure were similarly associated with melanoma at all sites in men and women. In both sexes, high genetic risk was associated with melanoma on all body sites except the head and neck. We observed differences between men and women in the association between PRS and melanoma of the trunk [highest vs. lowest tertile of PRS: hazard ratio (HR) 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64–4.69 for men; HR 1.55, 95% CI 0.63–3.80 for women] and nonsignificant but large differences for the lower limbs (HR 5.25, 95% CI 1.80–15.27 for men; HR 1.75, 95% CI 0.88–3.47 for women). Conclusions While there are a number of potential explanations for these findings, this raises the possibility that genetic factors other than those related to pigmentation and naevus phenotypes may play a role in the predilection for melanoma to arise on different sites in men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Higher polygenic risk for melanoma is associated with improved survival in a high ultraviolet radiation setting

Author

Seviiri, Mathias, Scolyer, Richard A., Bishop, D. Timothy, Newton-Bishop, Julia A., Iles, Mark M., Lo, Serigne N., Stretch, Johnathan R., Saw, Robyn P. M., Nieweg, Omgo E., Shannon, Kerwin F., Spillane, Andrew J., Gordon, Scott D., Olsen, Catherine M., Whiteman, David C., Landi, Maria Teresa, Thompson, John F., Long, Georgina V., MacGregor, Stuart, and Law, Matthew H.

Published
2022
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36. Archaeology in the Western Isles : the molluscan evidence

Author

Law, Matthew

Subjects
936.11, CC Archaeology
Abstract

Using assemblages of marine and non-marine mollusc shells from recent excavations in the Western Isles of Scotland, with reference to previously published studies, this thesis contributes to an enhanced understanding of the cultural palaeoecology of insular societies. Chaoter 1 sets out the topics that will be covered in this thesis. Chapter 2 introduces the methods and principles that drive molluscan analysis; Chapter 3 outlines the natural history of the Western Isles; and Chapter 4 the archaeology. Previous work on molluscs from the islands are summarised in Chapter 5, and emergent themes identified. Chapter 6 presents the results of analyses of new non-marine molluscan assemblages from 9 sites, ranging in date from the Mesolithic to the Norse period. Comparative data collected from a transect of samples for modern snails are also presented, along with a statistical meta-analysis of the data. Chapter 7 presents the results of marine shell analyses from 4 sites, ranging in date from the Early Bronze Age to the Norse period. The results are discussed in terms of their regional and wider significance in Chapter 8, and the thesis concluded in Chapter 9. Studying non-marine and marine molluscs from a wide range of sites across the islands has made important contributions to the archaeology of the Western Isles. The movement of new species of snail into and across the islands emphasises the connectedness of prehistoric communities across wider social networks on the Atlantic coast of Europe. The study of non-marine molluscs and the use of statistical analysis contributes to a broader understanding of taphonomy and site formation processes. Combined analysis of marine and non-marine mollusc shells highlights the agricultural practices and land use of prehistoric and Norse farmers. Studies of larger marine shells indicate changing tastes at the time of increasing contact with the Norse diaspora.

Published
2018

37. Impact of personal genomic risk information on melanoma prevention behaviors and psychological outcomes: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Smit, Amelia K., Allen, Martin, Beswick, Brooke, Butow, Phyllis, Dawkins, Hugh, Dobbinson, Suzanne J., Dunlop, Kate L., Espinoza, David, Fenton, Georgina, Kanetsky, Peter A., Keogh, Louise, Kimlin, Michael G., Kirk, Judy, Law, Matthew H., Lo, Serigne, Low, Cynthia, Mann, Graham J., Reyes-Marcelino, Gillian, Morton, Rachael L., Newson, Ainsley J., Savard, Jacqueline, Trevena, Lyndal, Wordsworth, Sarah, and Cust, Anne E.

Published
2021
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38. Global estimates of viral suppression in children and adolescents and adults on antiretroviral therapy adjusted for missing viral load measurements: a multiregional, retrospective cohort study in 31 countries

Author

Han, Win Min, Law, Matthew G, Egger, Matthias, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Moore, Richard, McGowan, Catherine, Kumarasamy, Nagalingesawaran, Desmonde, Sophie, Edmonds, Andrew, Davies, Mary-Ann, Yiannoutsos, Constantin, Althoff, Keri N, Cortes, Claudia P, Mohamed, Thahira Jamal, Jaquet, Antoine, Anastos, Kathryn, Euvrard, Jonathan, Castelnuovo, Barbara, Salters, Kate, Coelho, Lara Esteves, Ekouevi, Didier K, Eley, Brian, Diero, Lameck, Zaniewski, Elizabeth, Ford, Nathan, Sohn, Annette H, and Kariminia, Azar

Published
2021
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41. Contemporary antiretrovirals and body-mass index: a prospective study of the RESPOND cohort consortium

Author

Bansi-Matharu, Loveleen, Phillips, Andrew, Oprea, Cristiana, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Günthard, Huldrych F, De Wit, Stephane, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Vehreschild, Jorg J, Wit, Ferdinand, Law, Matthew, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Fontas, Eric, Vesterbacka, Jan, Miro, Jose M, Castagna, Antonella, Stephan, Christoph, Llibre, Josep M, Neesgaard, Bastian, Greenberg, Lauren, Smith, Colette, Kirk, Ole, Duvivier, Claudine, Dragovic, Gordana, Lundgren, Jens, Dedes, Nikos, Knudsen, Andreas, Gallant, Joel, Vannappagari, Vani, Peters, Lars, Elbirt, Daniel, Sarcletti, Mario, Braun, Dominique L, Necsoi, Coca, Mussini, Cristina, Muccini, Camilla, Bolokadze, Natalie, Hoy, Jennifer, Mocroft, Amanda, and Ryom, Lene

Published
2021
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42. A UVB-responsive common variant at chromosome band 7p21.1 confers tanning response and melanoma risk via regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AHR

Author

Xu, Mai, Mehl, Lindsey, Zhang, Tongwu, Thakur, Rohit, Sowards, Hayley, Myers, Timothy, Jessop, Lea, Chesi, Alessandra, Johnson, Matthew E., Wells, Andrew D., Michael, Helen T., Bunda, Patricia, Jones, Kristine, Higson, Herbert, Hennessey, Rebecca C., Jermusyk, Ashley, Kovacs, Michael A., Landi, Maria Teresa, Iles, Mark M., Goldstein, Alisa M., Choi, Jiyeon, Chanock, Stephen J., Grant, Struan F.A., Chari, Raj, Merlino, Glenn, Law, Matthew H., and Brown, Kevin M.

Published
2021
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44. The longer-term effects of access to HIV self-tests on HIV testing frequency in high-risk gay and bisexual men: follow-up data from a randomised controlled trial

Author

Zhang, Ye, Jamil, Muhammad S, Smith, Kirsty S, Applegate, Tanya L, Prestage, Garrett, Holt, Martin, Keen, Phillip, Bavinton, Benjamin R, Chen, Marcus, Conway, Damian P, Wand, Handan, McNulty, Anna M, Russell, Darren, Vaughan, Matthew, Batrouney, Colin, Wiseman, Virginia, Fairley, Christopher K, Grulich, Andrew E, Law, Matthew, Kaldor, John M, and Guy, Rebecca J

Published
2021
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45. Large-scale cross-cancer fine-mapping of the 5p15.33 region reveals multiple independent signals

Author

Chen, Hongjie, Majumdar, Arunabha, Wang, Lu, Kar, Siddhartha, Brown, Kevin M., Feng, Helian, Turman, Constance, Dennis, Joe, Easton, Douglas, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Simard, Jacques, Bishop, Timothy, Cheng, Iona C., Huyghe, Jeroen R., Schmit, Stephanie L., O’Mara, Tracy A., Spurdle, Amanda B., Gharahkhani, Puya, Schumacher, Johannes, Jankowski, Janusz, Gockel, Ines, Bondy, Melissa L., Houlston, Richard S., Jenkins, Robert B., Melin, Beatrice, Lesseur, Corina, Ness, Andy R., Diergaarde, Brenda, Olshan, Andrew F., Amos, Christopher I., Christiani, David C., Landi, Maria T., McKay, James D., Brossard, Myriam, Iles, Mark M., Law, Matthew H., MacGregor, Stuart, Beesley, Jonathan, Jones, Michelle R., Tyrer, Jonathan, Winham, Stacey J., Klein, Alison P., Petersen, Gloria, Li, Donghui, Wolpin, Brian M., Eeles, Rosalind A., Haiman, Christopher A., Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Schumacher, Fredrick R., Brennan, Paul, Chanock, Stephen J., Gaborieau, Valerie, Purdue, Mark P., Pharoah, Paul, Hung, Rayjean J., Amundadottir, Laufey T., Kraft, Peter, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, and Lindström, Sara

Published
2021
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46. Association Between Telomere Length and Risk of Cancer and Non-Neoplastic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Author

Haycock, Philip C, Burgess, Stephen, Nounu, Aayah, Zheng, Jie, Okoli, George N, Bowden, Jack, Wade, Kaitlin Hazel, Timpson, Nicholas J, Evans, David M, Willeit, Peter, Aviv, Abraham, Gaunt, Tom R, Hemani, Gibran, Mangino, Massimo, Ellis, Hayley Patricia, Kurian, Kathreena M, Pooley, Karen A, Eeles, Rosalind A, Lee, Jeffrey E, Fang, Shenying, Chen, Wei V, Law, Matthew H, Bowdler, Lisa M, Iles, Mark M, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Markus, Hugh Stephen, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Chris I, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, O’Mara, Tracy A, Wolpin, Brian, Amundadottir, Laufey, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Lund, Eiliv, Duell, Eric J, Canzian, Federico, Severi, Gianluca, Overvad, Kim, Gunter, Marc J, Tumino, Rosario, Svenson, Ulrika, van Rij, Andre, Baas, Annette F, Bown, Matthew J, Samani, Nilesh J, van t’Hof, Femke NG, Tromp, Gerard, Jones, Gregory T, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Elmore, James R, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Scelo, Ghislaine, Carreras-Torres, Robert, Gaborieau, Valerie, Brennan, Paul, Bracci, Paige M, Neale, Rachel E, Olson, Sara H, Gallinger, Steven, Li, Donghui, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Klein, Alison P, Han, Jiali, Abnet, Christian C, Freedman, Neal D, Taylor, Philip R, Maris, John M, Aben, Katja K, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Vermeulen, Sita H, Wiencke, John K, Walsh, Kyle M, Wrensch, Margaret, Rice, Terri, Turnbull, Clare, Litchfield, Kevin, Paternoster, Lavinia, Standl, Marie, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, SanGiovanni, John Paul, Li, Yong, Mijatovic, Vladan, Sapkota, Yadav, Low, Siew-Kee, Zondervan, Krina T, Montgomery, Grant W, Nyholt, Dale R, van Heel, David A, Hunt, Karen, Arking, Dan E, Ashar, Foram N, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Woo, Daniel, and Rosand, Jonathan

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Human Genome, Genetics, Women's Health, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Male, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Telomere, Telomere Homeostasis, Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

ImportanceThe causal direction and magnitude of the association between telomere length and incidence of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases is uncertain owing to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation.ObjectiveTo conduct a Mendelian randomization study, using germline genetic variants as instrumental variables, to appraise the causal relevance of telomere length for risk of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases.Data sourcesGenomewide association studies (GWAS) published up to January 15, 2015.Study selectionGWAS of noncommunicable diseases that assayed germline genetic variation and did not select cohort or control participants on the basis of preexisting diseases. Of 163 GWAS of noncommunicable diseases identified, summary data from 103 were available.Data extraction and synthesisSummary association statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population.Main outcomes and measuresOdds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease per standard deviation (SD) higher telomere length due to germline genetic variation.ResultsSummary data were available for 35 cancers and 48 non-neoplastic diseases, corresponding to 420 081 cases (median cases, 2526 per disease) and 1 093 105 controls (median, 6789 per disease). Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with increased risk for site-specific cancers. The strongest associations (ORs [95% CIs] per 1-SD change in genetically increased telomere length) were observed for glioma, 5.27 (3.15-8.81); serous low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer, 4.35 (2.39-7.94); lung adenocarcinoma, 3.19 (2.40-4.22); neuroblastoma, 2.98 (1.92-4.62); bladder cancer, 2.19 (1.32-3.66); melanoma, 1.87 (1.55-2.26); testicular cancer, 1.76 (1.02-3.04); kidney cancer, 1.55 (1.08-2.23); and endometrial cancer, 1.31 (1.07-1.61). Associations were stronger for rarer cancers and at tissue sites with lower rates of stem cell division. There was generally little evidence of association between genetically increased telomere length and risk of psychiatric, autoimmune, inflammatory, diabetic, and other non-neoplastic diseases, except for coronary heart disease (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.90]), abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.81]), celiac disease (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.28-0.61]) and interstitial lung disease (OR, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.05-0.15]).Conclusions and relevanceIt is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2017

47. Association Between Telomere Length and Risk of Cancer and Non-Neoplastic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Author

Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Haycock, Philip C, Burgess, Stephen, Nounu, Aayah, Zheng, Jie, Okoli, George N, Bowden, Jack, Wade, Kaitlin Hazel, Timpson, Nicholas J, Evans, David M, Willeit, Peter, Aviv, Abraham, Gaunt, Tom R, Hemani, Gibran, Mangino, Massimo, Ellis, Hayley Patricia, Kurian, Kathreena M, Pooley, Karen A, Eeles, Rosalind A, Lee, Jeffrey E, Fang, Shenying, Chen, Wei V, Law, Matthew H, Bowdler, Lisa M, Iles, Mark M, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Markus, Hugh Stephen, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Chris I, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, O'Mara, Tracy A, Wolpin, Brian, Amundadottir, Laufey, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Lund, Eiliv, Duell, Eric J, Canzian, Federico, Severi, Gianluca, Overvad, Kim, Gunter, Marc J, Tumino, Rosario, Svenson, Ulrika, van Rij, Andre, Baas, Annette F, Bown, Matthew J, Samani, Nilesh J, van t'Hof, Femke NG, Tromp, Gerard, Jones, Gregory T, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Elmore, James R, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Scelo, Ghislaine, Carreras-Torres, Robert, Gaborieau, Valerie, Brennan, Paul, Bracci, Paige M, Neale, Rachel E, Olson, Sara H, Gallinger, Steven, Li, Donghui, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Klein, Alison P, Han, Jiali, Abnet, Christian C, Freedman, Neal D, Taylor, Philip R, Maris, John M, Aben, Katja K, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Vermeulen, Sita H, Wiencke, John K, Walsh, Kyle M, Wrensch, Margaret, Rice, Terri, Turnbull, Clare, Litchfield, Kevin, Paternoster, Lavinia, Standl, Marie, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, SanGiovanni, John Paul, Li, Yong, Mijatovic, Vladan, Sapkota, Yadav, Low, Siew-Kee, Zondervan, Krina T, Montgomery, Grant W, Nyholt, Dale R, van Heel, David A, Hunt, Karen, Arking, Dan E, Ashar, Foram N, Sotoodehnia, Nona, and Woo, Daniel

Subjects
Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Telomere, Humans, Neoplasms, Cardiovascular Diseases, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk Assessment, Germ-Line Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Telomere Homeostasis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, and over, Prevention, Clinical Research, Cancer, Genetics, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

ImportanceThe causal direction and magnitude of the association between telomere length and incidence of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases is uncertain owing to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation.ObjectiveTo conduct a Mendelian randomization study, using germline genetic variants as instrumental variables, to appraise the causal relevance of telomere length for risk of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases.Data sourcesGenomewide association studies (GWAS) published up to January 15, 2015.Study selectionGWAS of noncommunicable diseases that assayed germline genetic variation and did not select cohort or control participants on the basis of preexisting diseases. Of 163 GWAS of noncommunicable diseases identified, summary data from 103 were available.Data extraction and synthesisSummary association statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population.Main outcomes and measuresOdds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease per standard deviation (SD) higher telomere length due to germline genetic variation.ResultsSummary data were available for 35 cancers and 48 non-neoplastic diseases, corresponding to 420 081 cases (median cases, 2526 per disease) and 1 093 105 controls (median, 6789 per disease). Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with increased risk for site-specific cancers. The strongest associations (ORs [95% CIs] per 1-SD change in genetically increased telomere length) were observed for glioma, 5.27 (3.15-8.81); serous low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer, 4.35 (2.39-7.94); lung adenocarcinoma, 3.19 (2.40-4.22); neuroblastoma, 2.98 (1.92-4.62); bladder cancer, 2.19 (1.32-3.66); melanoma, 1.87 (1.55-2.26); testicular cancer, 1.76 (1.02-3.04); kidney cancer, 1.55 (1.08-2.23); and endometrial cancer, 1.31 (1.07-1.61). Associations were stronger for rarer cancers and at tissue sites with lower rates of stem cell division. There was generally little evidence of association between genetically increased telomere length and risk of psychiatric, autoimmune, inflammatory, diabetic, and other non-neoplastic diseases, except for coronary heart disease (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.90]), abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.81]), celiac disease (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.28-0.61]) and interstitial lung disease (OR, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.05-0.15]).Conclusions and relevanceIt is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2017

48. Antiseptic mouthwash for gonorrhoea prevention (OMEGA): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre trial

Author

Chow, Eric P F, Williamson, Deborah A, Hocking, Jane S, Law, Matthew G, Maddaford, Kate, Bradshaw, Catriona S, McNulty, Anna, Templeton, David J, Moore, Richard, Murray, Gerald L, Danielewski, Jennifer A, Wigan, Rebecca, Chen, Marcus Y, Guy, Rebecca J, Zhang, Lei, Donovan, Basil, Grulich, Andrew E, Kaldor, John M, Whiley, David M, Cornelisse, Vincent J, Howden, Benjamin P, Lewis, David A, Read, Tim R H, and Fairley, Christopher K

Published
2021
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