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Recent advancements in blade‐coating organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices utilizing eco‐friendly nonhalogenated solvents have demonstrated high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) when processed at high substrate temperatures. However, this method poses challenges in device reproducibility and stability. Herein, a BTP‐eC9‐γ nonfullerene acceptor (analogous to BTP‐eC9) with γ‐position‐branched inner side chains within the BTP‐eC9‐based structural motif is developed. This pin‐sized extension in the branching position enhances the solubility of BTP‐eC9‐γ in nonhalogenated toluene solvent. This improvement not only mitigates excessive aggregation in the film state but also facilitates device fabrication at lower substrate temperatures. Optimized at a substrate temperature of 40 °C, the BTP‐eC9‐γ‐based blade‐coating devices with toluene achieve remarkable PCEs of 16.43% (0.04 cm2) and 14.95% (1.0 cm2). Furthermore, these devices retain their high film uniformity at 40 °C, which contributes to superior device reproducibility. This is attributed to the minimized alteration in the evolution kinetics of fluid flow. These findings signify a promising direction for the industrial production of blade‐coating OPV devices.

The accumulation of soluble sugars, especially sucrose, in mature Vietnamese golden melon, has been reported to be the determining factor of the sweetness of fruits. The gene of SPS2 has been shown to be mainly involved in the metabolic signal pathway as those for the synthesis of sucrose. The purpose of the current study is to establish a procedure to investigate the expression of the gene of SPS2 in Cucumis melo L. The materials of melon’s exocarp and mesocarp tissues were applied to isolate the total of RNAs. The procedure of Real-time PCR within the primers of SPS-F and SPS-R was successfully established as seen through the results. As a result, the cycle threshold (Ct) of 27.19, and 28.12, respectively, were observed in the sample of exocarp and mesocarp tissues. For authenticity, the products were sequenced, as determined as the gene of SPS by BLAST (NCBI). In conclusion, the procedure of investigation of SPSs gene expression was successfully established in Cucumis melo L.

Tetrahydroborate anion (BH4-) in Td symmetry group is a well-known hydrogen carrier, involved in various reactions to produce hydrogen gas. In this work, we reassessed the mechanism and kinetics of reactions between BH4- + OH• by using the DFT study. All of the structures in this reaction are optimized using the M062X/6-311++G(d,p) method. The solvent effect on the reaction mechanism was also taken into account by using the solvation model density (SMD). Based on the potential energy surfaces, the rate constants were also estimated by using the transition state theory (TST). It was discovered that the BH4- efficiently captures the free radical OH• in the gas phase. In an aqueous solution at a pressure of P = 1 atm and temperature of T = 298.15 K, the title reaction is controlled by diffusion effects, with a rate constant of kD = 9.4 ´ 109 M-1s-1.

During our expedition at Lang Biang Biosphere Reserve, samples of DL0023, parasitizing on wasps, were collected, then sent to the biology laboratory, Dalat University, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam, to preliminarily morphologically identify the name of this species as Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala. The method of Phenol (pH = 8)/Chloroform method was applied to isolated DNA. The PCR assays and sequencing were performed to amplify and sequencing ITS, nrLSU, and nrSSU, respectively. The phylogenetic methods of neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony were constructed to identify the relationship between DL0023 and referent sequences. We successfully amplified and sequenced the target genes, and constructed concatenated data containing 29, 33, and 30 sequences of ITS, nrLSU and nrSSU, respectively, belonging to Clavicipitaceae clade A, clade B and clade C, and 02 sequences belonged to Glomerellaceae. The results of phylogenetic analysis shown that DL0023 was accepted at Ophiocordyceps and strongly formed the monophyletic group Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala with a high supported value. In conclusion, the concatenated dataset’s phylogenetic analyses effectively supported the identification of DL0023 as Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala.

Background: The methylation of Ubiquitin Carboxyl Terminal Hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) gene’s promoter has been reported as the etiological factor of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis. Purpose: This study is designed to establish a protocol for detecting methylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a Vietnamese population. Materials and methods: 10 samples of NPC biopsy tissues and 10 samples of non-cancerous swabs were collected from the local hospital. Chloroform/Phenol method and Nested-MSP assays were established to detect methylation of a target gene. Results: The isolated DNA reached purity and high concentration which were confirmed by the method of absorbance measurement at 260nm and 280nm. Additionally, the Nested-MSP products of methylation or unmethylation were analyzed and visualized in the agarose gel with the band of 169bps and 210bps, respectively. By sequencing, it was confirmed that the two sets of primer could distinguish the status of methylation and unmethylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter. Conclusion: Our data suggested that the current protocol could successfully identify the status of methylation and/or unmethylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter.

Colistin is considered the last-line antibiotic against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The global dissemination of Mobile colistin resistance mcr-harboring bacteria is threatening public health. Such isolates have been detected in various reservoirs including animals, food products, the environment, and humans. From these reservoirs, the isolates are approximate: 53% from animals; 39% from humans; 5% from the environment; and 3% from food. Bacterial distributions were: E.coli 91%; Salmonella 7%; and Klebsiella 2%. Among the 10 mcr variants, mcr-1 and mcr-9 are the most prevalent (up to 95% and 64.53%, respectively, in different studies) while other variants account for 5%. The coexistence of mcr and other antibiotic resistance genes in single isolates is a significant concern; mcr variants carried by different plasmid types increase antibiotic resistance and transfer of mcr genes to other bacteria. The hypothesis that the food chain is intimately involved in mcr gene transfer is supported by the presence of mcr-harboring isolates in animals and foods relative to humans. Cheaper, quicker, and more effective diagnostic tools for detecting colistin-resistant bacterial phenotypes and genotypes are essential and urgent. Currently, high quality tests include RPNP (99.3% specificity, 96.7% sensitivity) and MRPNP (95.4% specificity, ~100% sensitivity). LBJMR, CHROM agar, COL-APSE, and Super Polymyxin are now the best media to screen the bacteria, with near 100% selectivity. Multiplex PCR is a suitable method to quickly and accurately detect mcr genes in E. coli and Salmonella . Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria remain a global burden and need to have continuous and effective surveillance.

A hierarchical sea urchin-like hybrid metal oxide nanostructure of ZnO nanorods deposited on TiO2 porous hollow hemispheres with a thin zinc titanate interface layer is specifically designed and synthesized to form a combined type I straddling and type II staggered junctions. The HHSs, synthesized by electrospinning, facilitate light trapping and scattering. The ZnO nanorods offer a large surface area for improved surface oxidation kinetics. The interface layer of zinc titanate (ZnTiO3) between the TiO2 HHSs and ZnO nanorods regulates the charge separation in a closely coupled hierarchy structure of ZnO/ZnTiO3/TiO2. The synergistic effects of the improved light trapping, charge separation, and fast surface reaction kinetics result in a superior photoconversion efficiency of 1.07% for the photoelectrochemical water splitting with an outstanding photocurrent density of 2.8 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus RHE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deregulation of microRNA-140 (miRNA-140) has been reported to be involved in human pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis (OA). However, in Vietnam, to our knowledge, there are limit study of evaluation of miRNA-140 expression. The commercial kits for the quantitation of miRNA-140 are more expensive. Thus, for the aim to establish the less cost assay for quantitation of miRNAs in developing countries, we designed the set of specific primers to quantify the expression of microRNA for further application on the local population. The sequence of hsa-miR-140-3p was input from miRNA database using the accession number of MI0000456. Following bioinformatics tools, including RNAfold Web Server, BioEdit, IDT Oligo analyzer, were used to design the set of specific primers. As the result, we successfully designed the set of specific primers, including stem-loop primer, named as StL-miR-140-3p, which specific to target sequence of hsa-miR-140-3p, and specific forward primer and reversed primer, named as StL-F-miR-140-3p, and StL-F-miR-140-3p, respectively, which designed for target to the sequence of hsa-miR-140-3p. For further study, it is required to conduct the assay, which based on those designed primers, on the clinical samples to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, limit of detection, as well as carried on the local population.