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2. Le jeu sérieux AGORA: Accompagner la Gestion et l'Organisation du partage des Ressources Apicoles

Author

Mouillard-Lample, Léo, Gonella, Gabriel, Le Page, C., Henry, Mickael, Decourtye, Axel, Barnaud, Cécile, Henry, Mickaël, Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de l'abeille (ITSAP)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ressources Apicoles, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, AGORA, [SDV.BID] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Abstract

International audience; Les récentes études scientifiques sur la compétition entre abeilles domestiques et abeilles sauvages questionnent aujourd'hui les gestionnaires d'aires protégées sur l'importance de l'apiculture. Alors que ces études se sont consacrées sur les aspects écologiques de cette problématique, notre récente étude dans les Cévennes a mis en avant l'intérêt de comprendre les perceptions des ressources florales par les apiculteurs. Considérer les ressources florales du point de vue de la théorie des biens communs d'Ostrom, apparaît une perspective intéressante pour discuter la gouvernance de ces ressources. Face aux incertitudes et enjeux que suscite cette problématique, la présente étude adopte une approche de modélisation d'accompagnement, une méthodologie de science post-normal basée sur la co-construction de modèles de simulations, pour accompagner de nouvelles formes de gouvernance des ressources florales. Afin de connaître les freins et les leviers à l'action collective, nous avons construit un jeu de rôle sérieux sur la base de 35 entretiens avec des apiculteurs. Dans ce jeu, les acteurs du territoire incarnent différents types d'apiculteurs qui doivent produire du miel. Cette production varie en fonction des ressources florales et selon la charge en «abeilles domestiques» déposée par les joueurs.Au-delà de cette compétition intra-spécifique, l'hypothèse d'une compétition interspécifique fait évoluer les populations d'abeilles sauvages selon le nombre d'abeilles domestiques adjacentes. Trois sessions de jeux ont été organisées dans le Parc National des Cévennes, les deux premières en présence d'apiculteurs, la troisième avec des représentants de différentes instances apicoles et naturalistes présentes sur le territoire. Malgré les divergences de point de vue autour de la compétition et notamment la compétition inter-spécifique, c'est l'évolution des populations d'abeilles sauvages qui a stimulé l'action collective entre les joueurs plutôt que la compétition intra-spécifique entre eux. Il n'en reste pas moins que la notion de compétition apparaît comme une dissonance cognitive auprès des acteurs. Les incertitudes concernant la production de ressources et la capacité de charge de l'environnement restent les freins majeurs à l'organisation collective. Le jeu a mis en avant l'importance - ainsi que les difficultés du partage de connaissances sur les ruchers, ainsi que de la confiance envers les acteurs. Enfin, les sessions ont mis en avant des notions de justice sociale : si l'impact des apiculteurs sur la biodiversité existe, il est injuste que la cause “ et donc la solution opérationnelle “ soit réduite à l'apiculture seule. Lejeu apparaît comme un outil stimulant la discussion et l'organisation entre les différents acteurs. La mise en place de zones expérimentales incluant apiculteurs, naturalistes et producteurs de ressources pour mesurer la compétition et tester des règles d'organisation semble une piste d'intérêt pour les acteurs présents.

Published
2022

5. Jeu CAP>BIOMASSE : Une modélisation hors de contrôle ?

Author

Cerceau, Juliette, Daré, W., Le Page, C., Delay, E., IMT Mines Alès - ERT (ERT), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PEnSTer: Pollutions Environnement Santé Territoire (PEnSTer), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Savoirs, ENvironnement et Sociétés (SENS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

6. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses.

Author

Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., and Houghton R.

Abstract

TP53 mutations are implicated in the progression of mucinous borderline tumors (MBOT) to mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC). Optimized immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TP53 has been established as a proxy for the TP53 mutation status in other ovarian tumor types. We aimed to confirm the ability of TP53 IHC to predict TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors and to evaluate the association of TP53 mutation status with survival among patients with MBOT and MOC. Tumor tissue from an initial cohort of 113 women with MBOT/MOC was stained with optimized IHC for TP53 using tissue microarrays (75.2%) or full sections (24.8%) and interpreted using established criteria as normal or abnormal (overexpression, complete absence, or cytoplasmic). Cases were considered concordant if abnormal IHC staining predicted deleterious TP53 mutations. Discordant tissue microarray cases were re-evaluated on full sections and interpretational criteria were refined. The initial cohort was expanded to a total of 165 MBOT and 424 MOC for the examination of the association of survival with TP53 mutation status, assessed either by TP53 IHC and/or sequencing. Initially, 82/113 (72.6%) cases were concordant using the established criteria. Refined criteria for overexpression to account for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation improved concordance to 93.8% (106/113). In the expanded cohort, 19.4% (32/165) of MBOT showed evidence for TP53 mutation and this was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, disease-specific death, and all-cause mortality (overall survival: HR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.3, p = 0.0087). Within MOC, 61.1% (259/424) harbored a TP53 mutation, but this was not associated with survival (overall survival, p = 0.77). TP53 IHC is an accurate proxy for TP53 mutation status with refined interpretation criteria accounting for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation in ovarian mucinous tumors. TP53 mutation status is an important biomarker to identify MB

Published
2021

7. Genomic analysis of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma to identify key drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities

Author

Cheasley, D, Nigam, A, Zethoven, M, Hunter, S, Etemadmoghadam, D, Semple, T, Allan, P, Carey, MS, Fernandez, ML, Dawson, A, Kobel, M, Huntsman, DG, Le Page, C, Mes-Masson, A-M, Provencher, D, Hacker, N, Gao, Y, Bowtell, D, deFazio, A, Gorringe, KL, Campbell, IG, Cheasley, D, Nigam, A, Zethoven, M, Hunter, S, Etemadmoghadam, D, Semple, T, Allan, P, Carey, MS, Fernandez, ML, Dawson, A, Kobel, M, Huntsman, DG, Le Page, C, Mes-Masson, A-M, Provencher, D, Hacker, N, Gao, Y, Bowtell, D, deFazio, A, Gorringe, KL, and Campbell, IG

Published
2021

12. Therapeutic options for mucinous ovarian carcinoma

Author

Gorringe, KL, Cheasley, D, Wakefield, MJ, Ryland, GL, Allan, PE, Alsop, K, Amarasinghe, KC, Ananda, S, Bowtell, DDL, Christie, M, Chiew, Y-E, Churchman, M, DeFazio, A, Fereday, S, Gilks, CB, Gourley, C, Hadley, AM, Hendley, J, Hunter, SM, Kaufmann, SH, Kennedy, CJ, Kobel, M, Le Page, C, Li, J, Lupat, R, McNally, OM, McAlpine, JN, Pyman, J, Rowley, SM, Salazar, C, Saunders, H, Semple, T, Stephens, AN, Thio, N, Torres, MC, Traficante, N, Zethoven, M, Antill, YC, Campbell, IG, Scott, CL, Gorringe, KL, Cheasley, D, Wakefield, MJ, Ryland, GL, Allan, PE, Alsop, K, Amarasinghe, KC, Ananda, S, Bowtell, DDL, Christie, M, Chiew, Y-E, Churchman, M, DeFazio, A, Fereday, S, Gilks, CB, Gourley, C, Hadley, AM, Hendley, J, Hunter, SM, Kaufmann, SH, Kennedy, CJ, Kobel, M, Le Page, C, Li, J, Lupat, R, McNally, OM, McAlpine, JN, Pyman, J, Rowley, SM, Salazar, C, Saunders, H, Semple, T, Stephens, AN, Thio, N, Torres, MC, Traficante, N, Zethoven, M, Antill, YC, Campbell, IG, and Scott, CL

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is an uncommon ovarian cancer histotype that responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy regimens. Although long overall survival outcomes can occur with early detection and optimal surgical resection, recurrent and advanced disease are associated with extremely poor survival. There are no current guidelines specifically for the systemic management of recurrent MOC. We analyzed data from a large cohort of women with MOC to evaluate the potential for clinical utility from a range of systemic agents. METHODS: We analyzed gene copy number (n = 191) and DNA sequencing data (n = 184) from primary MOC to evaluate signatures of mismatch repair deficiency and homologous recombination deficiency, and other genetic events. Immunohistochemistry data were collated for ER, CK7, CK20, CDX2, HER2, PAX8 and p16 (n = 117-166). RESULTS: Molecular aberrations noted in MOC that suggest a match with current targeted therapies include amplification of ERBB2 (26.7%) and BRAF mutation (9%). Observed genetic events that suggest potential efficacy for agents currently in clinical trials include: KRAS/NRAS mutations (66%), TP53 missense mutation (49%), RNF43 mutation (11%), ARID1A mutation (10%), and PIK3CA/PTEN mutation (9%). Therapies exploiting homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) may not be effective in MOC, as only 1/191 had a high HRD score. Mismatch repair deficiency was similarly rare (1/184). CONCLUSIONS: Although genetically diverse, MOC has several potential therapeutic targets. Importantly, the lack of response to platinum-based therapy observed clinically corresponds to the lack of a genomic signature associated with HRD, and MOC are thus also unlikely to respond to PARP inhibition.

Published
2020

18. The molecular origin and taxonomy of mucinous ovarian carcinoma.

Author

Sharpe A.J., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Thio N., Torres M.C., Traficante N., Xing Z., Zethoven M., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Jobling T.W., Christie M., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Amarasinghe K.C., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Demeo R., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fedele C.G., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Hughes S., Hunstman D.G., Hunter S.M., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., Li J., Lupat R., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mes-Masson A.-M., Mileshkin L., Provencher D.M., Pyman J., Rahimi K., Rowley S.M., Salazar C., Samimi G., Saunders H., Semple T., Sharpe A.J., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Thio N., Torres M.C., Traficante N., Xing Z., Zethoven M., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Jobling T.W., Christie M., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Amarasinghe K.C., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Demeo R., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fedele C.G., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Hughes S., Hunstman D.G., Hunter S.M., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., Li J., Lupat R., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mes-Masson A.-M., Mileshkin L., Provencher D.M., Pyman J., Rahimi K., Rowley S.M., Salazar C., Samimi G., Saunders H., and Semple T.

Abstract

Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a unique subtype of ovarian cancer with an uncertain etiology, including whether it genuinely arises at the ovary or is metastatic disease from other organs. In addition, the molecular drivers of invasive progression, high-grade and metastatic disease are poorly defined. We perform genetic analysis of MOC across all histological grades, including benign and borderline mucinous ovarian tumors, and compare these to tumors from other potential extra-ovarian sites of origin. Here we show that MOC is distinct from tumors from other sites and supports a progressive model of evolution from borderline precursors to high-grade invasive MOC. Key drivers of progression identified are TP53 mutation and copy number aberrations, including a notable amplicon on 9p13. High copy number aberration burden is associated with worse prognosis in MOC. Our data conclusively demonstrate that MOC arise from benign and borderline precursors at the ovary and are not extra-ovarian metastases.Copyright © 2019, The Author(s).

Published
2019

19. The molecular origin and taxonomy of mucinous ovarian carcinoma

Author

Cheasley, D, Wakefield, MJ, Ryland, GL, Allan, PE, Alsop, K, Amarasinghe, KC, Ananda, S, Anglesio, MS, Au-Yeung, G, Bohm, M, Bowtell, DD, Brand, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Christie, M, Chiew, Y-E, Churchman, M, DeFazio, A, Demeo, R, Dudley, R, Fairweather, N, Fedele, CG, Fereday, S, Fox, SB, Gilks, CB, Gourley, C, Hacker, NF, Hadley, AM, Hendley, J, Ho, G-Y, Hughes, S, Hunstman, DG, Hunter, SM, Jobling, TW, Kalli, KR, Kaufmann, SH, Kennedy, CJ, Kobel, M, Le Page, C, Li, J, Lupat, R, McNally, OM, McAlpine, JN, Mes-Masson, A-M, Mileshkin, L, Provencher, DM, Pyman, J, Rahimi, K, Rowley, SM, Salazar, C, Samimi, G, Saunders, H, Semple, T, Sharma, R, Sharpe, AJ, Stephens, AN, Thio, N, Torres, MC, Traficante, N, Xing, Z, Zethoven, M, Antill, YC, Scott, CL, Campbell, IG, Gorringe, KL, Cheasley, D, Wakefield, MJ, Ryland, GL, Allan, PE, Alsop, K, Amarasinghe, KC, Ananda, S, Anglesio, MS, Au-Yeung, G, Bohm, M, Bowtell, DD, Brand, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Christie, M, Chiew, Y-E, Churchman, M, DeFazio, A, Demeo, R, Dudley, R, Fairweather, N, Fedele, CG, Fereday, S, Fox, SB, Gilks, CB, Gourley, C, Hacker, NF, Hadley, AM, Hendley, J, Ho, G-Y, Hughes, S, Hunstman, DG, Hunter, SM, Jobling, TW, Kalli, KR, Kaufmann, SH, Kennedy, CJ, Kobel, M, Le Page, C, Li, J, Lupat, R, McNally, OM, McAlpine, JN, Mes-Masson, A-M, Mileshkin, L, Provencher, DM, Pyman, J, Rahimi, K, Rowley, SM, Salazar, C, Samimi, G, Saunders, H, Semple, T, Sharma, R, Sharpe, AJ, Stephens, AN, Thio, N, Torres, MC, Traficante, N, Xing, Z, Zethoven, M, Antill, YC, Scott, CL, Campbell, IG, and Gorringe, KL

Abstract

Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a unique subtype of ovarian cancer with an uncertain etiology, including whether it genuinely arises at the ovary or is metastatic disease from other organs. In addition, the molecular drivers of invasive progression, high-grade and metastatic disease are poorly defined. We perform genetic analysis of MOC across all histological grades, including benign and borderline mucinous ovarian tumors, and compare these to tumors from other potential extra-ovarian sites of origin. Here we show that MOC is distinct from tumors from other sites and supports a progressive model of evolution from borderline precursors to high-grade invasive MOC. Key drivers of progression identified are TP53 mutation and copy number aberrations, including a notable amplicon on 9p13. High copy number aberration burden is associated with worse prognosis in MOC. Our data conclusively demonstrate that MOC arise from benign and borderline precursors at the ovary and are not extra-ovarian metastases.

Published
2019

20. Different modelling purposes

Author

Edmonds, B., Le Page, C., Bithell, M., Chattoe-Brown, E., Grimm, Volker, Meyer, R., Montañola-Sales, C., Ormerod, P., Root, H., Squazzoni, F., Edmonds, B., Le Page, C., Bithell, M., Chattoe-Brown, E., Grimm, Volker, Meyer, R., Montañola-Sales, C., Ormerod, P., Root, H., and Squazzoni, F.

Abstract

How one builds, checks, validates and interprets a model depends on its ‘purpose’. This is true even if the same model code is used for different purposes. This means that a model built for one purpose but then used for another needs to be re-justified for the new purpose and this will probably mean it also has to be re-checked, re-validated and maybe even re-built in a different way. Here we review some of the different purposes for a simulation model of complex social phenomena, focusing on seven in particular: prediction, explanation, description, theoretical exploration, illustration, analogy, and social interaction. The paper looks at some of the implications in terms of the ways in which the intended purpose might fail. This analysis motivates some of the ways in which these ‘dangers’ might be avoided or mitigated. It also looks at the ways that a confusion of modelling purposes can fatally weaken modelling projects, whilst giving a false sense of their quality. These distinctions clarify some previous debates as to the best modelling strategy (e.g. KISS and KIDS). The paper ends with a plea for modellers to be clear concerning which purpose they are justifying their model against.

Published
2019

22. Tools and methods in participatory modeling: Selecting the right tool for the job

Author

Voinov, A, Jenni, K, Gray, S, Kolagani, N, Glynn, PD, Bommel, P, Prell, C, Zellner, M, Paolisso, M, Jordan, R, Sterling, E, Schmitt Olabisi, L, Giabbanelli, PJ, Sun, Z, Le Page, C, Elsawah, S, BenDor, TK, Hubacek, K, Laursen, BK, Jetter, A, Basco-Carrera, L, Singer, A, Young, L, Brunacini, J, Smajgl, A, Voinov, A, Jenni, K, Gray, S, Kolagani, N, Glynn, PD, Bommel, P, Prell, C, Zellner, M, Paolisso, M, Jordan, R, Sterling, E, Schmitt Olabisi, L, Giabbanelli, PJ, Sun, Z, Le Page, C, Elsawah, S, BenDor, TK, Hubacek, K, Laursen, BK, Jetter, A, Basco-Carrera, L, Singer, A, Young, L, Brunacini, J, and Smajgl, A

Abstract

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Various tools and methods are used in participatory modelling, at different stages of the process and for different purposes. The diversity of tools and methods can create challenges for stakeholders and modelers when selecting the ones most appropriate for their projects. We offer a systematic overview, assessment, and categorization of methods to assist modelers and stakeholders with their choices and decisions. Most available literature provides little justification or information on the reasons for the use of particular methods or tools in a given study. In most of the cases, it seems that the prior experience and skills of the modelers had a dominant effect on the selection of the methods used. While we have not found any real evidence of this approach being wrong, we do think that putting more thought into the method selection process and choosing the most appropriate method for the project can produce better results. Based on expert opinion and a survey of modelers engaged in participatory processes, we offer practical guidelines to improve decisions about method selection at different stages of the participatory modeling process.

Published
2018

23. Tools and methods in participatory modeling: Selecting the right tool for the job

Author

Voinov, A., Jenni, K., Gray, S., Kolagani, N., Glynn, P.D., Bommel, P., Prell, C., Zellner, M., Paolisso, M., Jordan, R., Sterling, E., Schmitt Olabisi, L., Giabbanelli, P.J., Sun, Z., Le Page, C., Elsawah, S., BenDor, T.K., Hubacek, K., Laursen, B.K., Jetter, A., Basco-Carrera, L., Singer, A., Young, L., Brunacini, J., Smajgl, A., Voinov, A., Jenni, K., Gray, S., Kolagani, N., Glynn, P.D., Bommel, P., Prell, C., Zellner, M., Paolisso, M., Jordan, R., Sterling, E., Schmitt Olabisi, L., Giabbanelli, P.J., Sun, Z., Le Page, C., Elsawah, S., BenDor, T.K., Hubacek, K., Laursen, B.K., Jetter, A., Basco-Carrera, L., Singer, A., Young, L., Brunacini, J., and Smajgl, A.

Abstract

Various tools and methods are used in participatory modelling, at different stages of the process and for different purposes. The diversity of tools and methods can create challenges for stakeholders and modelers when selecting the ones most appropriate for their projects. We offer a systematic overview, assessment, and categorization of methods to assist modelers and stakeholders with their choices and decisions. Most available literature provides little justification or information on the reasons for the use of particular methods or tools in a given study. In most of the cases, it seems that the prior experience and skills of the modelers had a dominant effect on the selection of the methods used. While we have not found any real evidence of this approach being wrong, we do think that putting more thought into the method selection process and choosing the most appropriate method for the project can produce better results. Based on expert opinion and a survey of modelers engaged in participatory processes, we offer practical guidelines to improve decisions about method selection at different stages of the participatory modeling process.

Published
2018

25. La modélisation d'accompagnement : partager des représentations, simuler des dynamiques

Author

Daré, W., Venot, Jean-Philippe, Le Page, C., Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Etienne, M. (ed.), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Subjects
C10 - Enseignement, Aide à la décision, Formation, Culture pluviale, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Méthode pédagogique, Structure agricole, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, E90 - Structure agraire, Communication participative, Impact sur l'environnement, Inondation, Agriculture, communication en groupe, GHANA, Gestion des eaux, Méthode alternative, structure agraire
Published
2015

26. An Immunohistochemical Algorithm for Ovarian Carcinoma Typing

Author

Köbel, M, Rahimi, K, Rambau, PF, Naugler, C, Le Page, C, Meunier, L, De Ladurantaye, M, Lee, S, Leung, S, Goode, EL, Ramus, SJ, Carlson, JW, Li, X, Ewanowich, CA, Kelemen, LE, Vanderhyden, B, Provencher, D, Huntsman, D, Lee, CH, Gilks, CB, Mes Masson, AM, Köbel, M, Rahimi, K, Rambau, PF, Naugler, C, Le Page, C, Meunier, L, De Ladurantaye, M, Lee, S, Leung, S, Goode, EL, Ramus, SJ, Carlson, JW, Li, X, Ewanowich, CA, Kelemen, LE, Vanderhyden, B, Provencher, D, Huntsman, D, Lee, CH, Gilks, CB, and Mes Masson, AM

Abstract

There are 5 major histotypes of ovarian carcinomas. Diagnostic typing criteria have evolved over time, and past cohorts may be misclassified by current standards. Our objective was to reclassify the recently assembled Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource and the Alberta Ovarian Tumor Type cohorts using immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers and to develop an IHC algorithm for ovarian carcinoma histotyping. A total of 1626 ovarian carcinoma samples from the Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource and the Alberta Ovarian Tumor Type were subjected to a reclassification by comparing the original with the predicted histotype. Histotype prediction was derived from a nominal logistic regression modeling using a previously reclassified cohort (N=784) with the binary input of 8 IHC markers. Cases with discordant original or predicted histotypes were subjected to arbitration. After reclassification, 1762 cases from all cohorts were subjected to prediction models (χ 2 Automatic Interaction Detection, recursive partitioning, and nominal logistic regression) with a variable IHC marker input. The histologic type was confirmed in 1521/1626 (93.5%) cases of the Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource and the Alberta Ovarian Tumor Type cohorts. The highest misclassification occurred in the endometrioid type, where most of the changes involved reclassification from endometrioid to high-grade serous carcinoma, which was additionally supported by mutational data and outcome. Using the reclassified histotype as the endpoint, a 4-marker prediction model correctly classified 88%, a 6-marker 91%, and an 8-marker 93% of the 1762 cases. This study provides statistically validated, inexpensive IHC algorithms, which have versatile applications in research, clinical practice, and clinical trials.

Published
2016

27. What about your muscles when pou are getting older [Le muscle, les années et la sarcopénie]

Author

Le Page, C., Noirez, P., Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice (UBIAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Stress Cellulaire : Physiopathologie, Stratégies Nutritionnelles et Thérapeutiques Innovantes (EA 4466), Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques

Subjects
Aging, Sarcopenia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle, Exercise
Abstract

National audience; Muscle aging is characterized by sarcopenia, characterized by reduction of muscle mass and strength. Muscle strength reduction can be explained, in part, by a decrease in muscle mass. Consequently, alternative hypothesis have been propose d based on neuromuscular alterations and their implicated mechanisms in these alterations. As the level of activity diminishes with age, it is important to distinguish changes specific to reduced activity (low muscular activity, bed rest, immobilization,...) from those due to aging. Thus, it seems that sarcopenia could be in part explained by a decreased neuromuscular activity and that physiological muscle stimulation by exercise could be a good way to delay the effects of muscular aging as well the effects of aging in general. © La Revue De Geratrie.

Published
2012

28. Le muscle, les années et la sarcopénie

Author

Le Page, C., Noirez, P., Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice (UBIAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Stress Cellulaire : Physiopathologie, Stratégies Nutritionnelles et Thérapeutiques Innovantes (EA 4466), and Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)

Subjects
Aging, Sarcopenia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle, Exercise, Vieillissement, Sarcopénie
Abstract

National audience; Muscle aging is characterized by sarcopenia, characterized by reduction of muscle mass and strength. Muscle strength reduction can be explained, in part, by a decrease in muscle mass. Consequently, alternative hypothesis have been propose d based on neuromuscular alterations and their implicated mechanisms in these alterations. As the level of activity diminishes with age, it is important to distinguish changes specific to reduced activity (low muscular activity, bed rest, immobilization,...) from those due to aging. Thus, it seems that sarcopenia could be in part explained by a decreased neuromuscular activity and that physiological muscle stimulation by exercise could be a good way to delay the effects of muscular aging as well the effects of aging in general. © La Revue De Geratrie.

Published
2012

29. Perception des technologies mobilisées pour l'accompagnement

Author

Becu, Nicolas, Bommel, Pierre, Botta, Alessio, Le Page, C., Perez, P., Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Contrôle et Comptabilité Internationale (CRECCI), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and UMR PRODIG, PUBLICATIONS

Subjects
[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Technologies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

30. Companion modelling and management of erosive runoff

Author

Souchere, Veronique, Bousquet, F., Etienne, Michel, Le Page, C., Millair, Laurent, Echeverria, Javier, Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MULTI-AGENTS SYSTEM, EROSIVE RUN-OFF, COMPANION MODELLING, ROLE PLAYING GAME
Abstract

The Pays de Caux, Upper Normandy, involves a large number of places with erosive phenomena. From a socio-economic point of view, the erosive damages affect both agricultural and non agricultural lands, off-site damages being the most dramatic with muddy floods and sometime the death of people. There is thus generation of negative externalities from farmers towards the other socio-economic agents. As run-off, which flows on a slope is unaware of the limits of fields and farms, the actions to be undertaken require a co-operation between farmers. But imagining a collective agricultural land management is all the more difficult. This environmental management, commanded in a way by natural process to be controlled, do not leave actors free to choose their cooperation. At the beginning of 2006, we proposed to the local actors to set up a companion modelling approach to try, with the assistance of the tools which it proposes (multi-agents systems and role playing game), to initiate a collective management of this problem. To limit erosive runoff to various scales of investigation (farms and the catchment area), several actions are tested such as implementation of permanent grass strip or buffer pond and changes in agricultural practices. The objective of this article is to present the methodology used to build a multi-agents systems and its associated role-playing game with the help of local stakeholders. These tools allow actors to “decide” future objectives concerning catchment collective management and to imagine scenarios to reach their objectives. This research should lead to conception of new territorial organisations conciliating farming activities and environmental protection.

Published
2007

31. « Chorèmes et Systèmes Multi-Agents, évolution d'un système rural martiniquais et pression polluante »

Author

Houdart, M., Bonin, M., Le Page, C., Fort, Monique, Saudubray, F., Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and UMR PRODIG, PUBLICATIONS

Subjects
Systèmes Multi-Agents, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Martinique Pression polluante, Chorèmes, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Système rural, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2005

36. Le jeu de rôles à l'interface entre systèmes réel et virtuel pour la gestion de ressources renouvelables : exemples d'application au Sénégal

Author

Barreteau, O., Aquino, P. d', Bousquet, F., Le Page, C., Orange, Didier (ed.), Arfi, Robert (ed.), Kuper, M. (ed.), Morand, Pierre (ed.), Poncet, Yveline (ed.), and Témé, B. (préf.)

Subjects
Modèle, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIELLE, SYSTEME MULTI AGENTS, MODELISATION, EXPLOITATION DES RESSOURCES NATURELLES, JEU DE ROLES, Gestion des ressources, ETUDE DE CAS, Gestion foncière, SIMULATION, PERIMETRE IRRIGUE, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, OCCUPATION SPATIALE, UTILISATION DU SOL, Irrigation, METHODOLOGIE
Abstract

L'utilisation de systèmes multi-agents (SMA) pour représenter des systèmes réels impliquant des ressources renouvelables est de plus en plus fréquente et reconnue dans la communauté scientifique travaillant sur les simulations en sciences sociales. Ces modes de représentation permettent de constituer des sociétés virtuelles en interaction avec un environnement. De nombreux travaux de recherche utilisent ainsi des écosystèmes artificiels pour aider à la compréhension des systèmes réels. Ce recours à des mondes virtuels présente l'avantage de substituer un "learning by simulating" au "learning by doing", lourd et perturbant pour les sociétés étudiées, qui a longtemps prévalu faute d'autres moyens. Au Cirad, en particulier, des recherches sont développées sur la modélisation de l'interaction entre des dynamiques socio-économiques et des dynamiques de ressources naturelles et renouvelables, afin d'identifier leurs domaines de co-viabilité au sein d'écosystèmes. Un outil de modélisation a été élaboré (Cormas, Common-pool resources and multi-agent systems) et de nombreuses applications développées. L'usage de ces modèles pour l'aide à la recherche interdisciplinaire se révèle efficace. Après avoir présenté les questions que pose cet usage de systèmes virtuels pour travailler sur des systèmes réels, nous proposons et justifions le recours à des jeux de rôles en complément de ceux-ci. Nous détaillons cela à travers deux expériences réalisées dans la vallée et le delta du fleuve Sénégal.

Published
2002

37. Jeux de rôles et simulations multi-agents

Author

D'Aquino, P., Etienne, M., Barreteau, O., Le Page, C., Bousquet, F., Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
IRMO, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, CEMAGREF, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CIRAD, INRA, SYSTEME MULTI AGENTS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

Since a few years, research on simulation of societies interacting with their environment are growing steadily. Methods such as Multi-agent systems entail the creation of artificial societies, which may be used to experiment consequences of various behavioural patterns on natural resources. The use of these models to support interdisciplinary research appear to be efficient. The collective building of a common artificial world makes a a shared representation, available to simulate scenarios. The use of these models within decision processes is still under study. The methodology developped is based on coupling multi-agent systems and role games. It is explored through three examples, 2 in Senegal dealing with irrigated system management and the negotiation of a soil use and management scheme, and one in the south of France dealing with forest management., Depuis quelques années un champ de recherche sur la simulation de sociétés en interaction avec leur environnement se développe. Des méthodes comme les systèmes multi-agents permettent de créer des sociétés virtuelles sur lesquelles on étudie les effets d'interactions entre différents comportements sur l'état de ressources. L'usage de ces modèles pour l'aide à la recherche interdisciplinaire se révèle efficace. La création collective d'un monde artificiel commun permet de créer une représentation partagée, et de simuler différents scénarios. Un des objectifs des recherches consiste à étudier l'usage de ces modèles dans des processus de décision. La méthode développée propose un couplage entre modèles multi-agent et jeux de rôles. Cet article explore ses potentialités au travers de 3 exemples, deux au Sénégal, relatif à la gestion des systèmes irrigués et à la mise en place d'un plan d'occupation et d'affectation des sols, et un dans le sud de la France, relatif à la gestion d'un massif forestier.

Published
2000

38. De la simulation de l'embroussaillement à un outil d'aide à la gestion de l'espace

Author

Lardon, Sylvie, Bommel, P., Bousquet, F., Le Page, C., Libourel Rouge, Thérèse, Lifran, Robert, Osty, P.L., Laboratoire d'Etudes Comparées des Systèmes Agraires (LECSA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité d'économie et sociologie rurales de Montpellier, and Unité de recherche Sociétés, Changements Techniques et Connaissances dans les Mondes ruraux (SICOMOR)

Subjects
EMBROUSAILLEMENT, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SYSTEME MULTIAGENT, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

National audience

Published
2000

39. Loss of PRP4K drives anoikis resistance in part by dysregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor endosomal trafficking

Author

Corkery, D P, Clarke, L E, Gebremeskel, S, Salsman, J, Pinder, J, Le Page, C, Meunier, L, Xu, Z, Mes-Masson, A-M, Berman, J N, Johnston, B, and Dellaire, G

Abstract

Anoikis acts as a critical barrier to metastasis by inducing cell death upon cancer cell detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby preventing tumor cell dissemination to secondary sites. The induction of anoikis requires the lysosomal-mediated downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) leading to termination of pro-survival signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that depletion of pre-mRNA splicing factor 4 kinase (PRP4K; also known as PRPF4B) causes dysregulation of EGFR trafficking and anoikis resistance. We also report a novel cytoplasmic localization of PRP4K at the late endosome, and demonstrate both nuclear and cytoplasmic localization in breast, lung and ovarian cancer tissue. Mechanistically, depletion of PRP4K leads to reduced EGFR degradation following cell detachment from the ECM and correlates with increased TrkB, vimentin and Zeb1 expression. As a result, PRP4K loss promotes sustained growth factor signaling and increased cellular resistance to anoikis in vitro and in a novel zebrafish xenotransplantation model of anoikis sensitivity, as well as increased metastasis in a mouse model of ovarian cancer. Thus, PRP4K may serve as a potential biomarker of anoikis sensitivity in ovarian and other epithelial cancers.

Published
2018
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46. Onset of Exercise and Diet Program in Obese Women: Metabolic and Anorexigenic Responses Related to Weight Loss and Physical Capacities.

Author

Desgorces, F. D., Le Page, C., Police, C., Neveux, N., Cottart, C. H., Blanc, M. C., Raison, J., Toussaint, J. F., and Noirez, P.

Subjects
*EXERCISE physiology, *DIET, *WEIGHT loss, *OVERWEIGHT women, *TRIGLYCERIDES, *FATTY acids, *INSULIN resistance
Abstract

Perturbations of energy balance induce compensatory processes that may alter expected weight loss. In obese patients, our aim was to investigate the relationships that occurred between fasting plasma concentrations of anorexigenic peptides and metabolic parameters, appetite, physical capacity, and weight loss in the 5 first days of a program associating exercise and caloric reduction. Thirteen obese women were monitored from day 1 to day 5 with 2 exercise sessions in day 2 and day 4. We measured, in a fasted state, changes in body weight, hunger ratings, and plasma concentrations of fatty acids, triglycerides, leptin, insulin, amylin, peptide YY, and insulin- resistance index. Physical performance was assessed by a 6-min walking test. The program resulted in significantly reduced body weight (0.75 ± 0.4 kg; p = 0.001), of plasma concentrations of triglycerides, insulin, amylin, peptide YY, and the insulin-resistance index, and also increased fatty acids (p < 0.05). Hunger ratings were increased (p < 0.05). Program-induced changes in fatty acids, leptin, and insulin concentrations were related to physical performance (r² = 0.45, 0.59, and 0.52; p < 0.05, respectively) and to weight loss (r² = 0.65, 0.57, 0.55; p < 0.05, respectively). Five days of diet and exercise induced weight loss, improved lipid profile, and decreased insulin resistance while hunger ratings increased. Subjects with higher physical capacity lost more weight, presented higher increases in fatty acids and lower changes of leptin and insulin concentrations suggesting a better metabolic flexibility. To reduce the compensatory responses that can occur with energy imbalances, our study supports to account for individual activity level before prescribing weight-loss program associating diet and exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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