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Abstract Since its introduction comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) has been widely applied to analyze complex samples due to its enhanced peak capacity and selectivity, thereby increasing the number of identifiable peaks and improving coelution issues. Even though it is still undergoing development, GC × GC provides many advantages in the analysis of petroleum-derived samples, whether in reservoir geochemistry applications or in environmental studies associated with spilled oils. In general, it facilitates more thorough fingerprinting and compositional evaluation. In environmental studies, it helps enhance understanding of weathering processes and the environmental behavior of hydrocarbons, as its chromatographic retention indices can robustly estimate liquid vapor pressures, aqueous solubility and other physical chemical properties. This review presents a brief history of GC × GC instrumentation, discussing recent and significant advances in petroleum applications, from data handling techniques to reservoir geochemistry and environmental forensics, as well as some specific advantages achieved and certain limitations that continue to be encountered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The infections caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus are one of the most common sources of diseases in adults and several natural nucleoside analogues are currently used in the treatment of these infections. In vitro tests of a series of quinolonic ribonucleosides derivatives synthesized by part of our group indicated that some of them have antiviral activity against HSV-1. The conformational analysis of bioactive compounds is extremely important in order to better understand their chemical structures and biological activity. In this work, we have carried out a nuclear relaxation NMR study of 6-Me ribonucleoside derivative in order to determine if the syn or anti conformation is preferential. The NMR analysis permits the determination of inter-atomic distances by using techniques which are based on nuclear relaxation and related phenomena. Those techniques are non-selective longitudinal or spin–lattice relaxation rates and NULL pulse sequence, which allow the determination of distances between pairs of hydrogen atoms. The results of NMR studies were compared with those obtained by molecular modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Efavirenz,(S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one, is an anti HIV agent from the class of the non-nucleoside inhibitors of the HIV-1 virus reverse transcriptase. This paper describes the synthesis of two new solvatomorphs of efavirenz (EFV). The results through XRPD and DSC/TG indicate that the new forms undergo a solvent loss over the days, and then return to the original polymorph. Structural and spectral characteristics of EFV were studied by vibrational spectroscopy and quantum chemical methods. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the potential energy curve, optimized geometries and vibrational spectra were carried out using 6-311 + G** basis sets and CAM-B3LYP functional, solid state calculations were also performed using DFT-XGGA (PBE-D3) exchange-correlation functional with the option of mixtures of Gaussian and plane waves method (GPW). Based on these results, the paper discussed the correlation between the vibrational modes and the crystalline structure of the most stable form of EFV. A complete analysis of the experimental infrared and Raman spectra was reported on the basis of the wavenumbers of the vibrational bands and the potential energy distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzothiazole hydrazones have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines: HL-60 (leukemia), MDAMB-435 (breast) and HCT-8 (colon). The good cytotoxicity for the three cancer cell lines and theoretical profile of compounds 3o and 3p pointed them as promising lead molecules for anticancer drug design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]