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3. Young People’s Attitudes and Motivations Toward Social Media and Mobile Apps for Weight Control: Mixed Methods Study

Author

Nikolaou, Charoula Konstantia, Tay, Zoey, Leu, Jodie, Rebello, Salome Antonette, Te Morenga, Lisa, Van Dam, Rob M, and Lean, Michael Ernest John

Subjects
Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundEffective prevention at a young enough age is critical to halt the obesity epidemic. Mobile health (mHealth) apps would potentially reach large numbers at low-cost. While there is already a profusion of lifestyle apps, they are mostly non-evidence-based and evidently ineffective against rising obesity prevalence. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore preferences and usage of lifestyle apps among young people in 6 countries. MethodsA mixed methods study was conducted among young people aged 13 to 24 years residing in the United Kingdom, Belgium, Finland, Greece, Singapore, and New Zealand. Participants were recruited from Web advertisements on Facebook, asking for volunteers interested in mobile apps in general, not specific to lifestyle or health, to complete a short survey comprising 18 questions on demographics, weight gain, and mobile app preferences and then to join English-language online focus groups, which were held during 2017, in password-protected Web rooms, moderated by an experienced researcher. Descriptive statistics were carried out for the survey, and thematic analysis was applied to transcripts. ResultsA total of 2285 young people (610 adolescents aged 13-17 years and 1675 young adults aged 18-24 years) responded and completed the survey, with 72.0% (1645) reported being concerned about weight gain for themselves or friends. Later, 807 young people (376 adolescents and 431 young adults) were selected based on age and country to participate in 12 online focus groups, with 719 young people completing. Analysis revealed 4 main themes: (1) feelings toward personal weight; (2) perception of lifestyle apps and desired content for weight gain prevention; (3) social media apps, lifestyle apps, and motivation for downloading and retaining; and (4) data safety and data usage and confidentiality. Young people are interested in evidence-based advice in programs incorporating their preferences. ConclusionsYoung people are commonly, and consistently across 6 countries, concerned about weight gain and obesity and would welcome evidence-based mHealth programs, provided the views of young people themselves are incorporated in the program content.

Published
2019
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11. 5-year follow-up of the randomised Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT) of continued support for weight loss maintenance in the UK: an extension study

Author

Lean, Michael EJ, Leslie, Wilma S, Barnes, Alison C, Brosnahan, Naomi, Thom, George, McCombie, Louise, Kelly, Tara, Irvine, Keaton, Peters, Carl, Zhyzhneuskaya, Sviatlana, Hollingsworth, Kieren G, Adamson, Ashley J, Sniehotta, Falko F, Mathers, John C, McIlvenna, Yvonne, Welsh, Paul, McConnachie, Alex, McIntosh, Alasdair, Sattar, Naveed, and Taylor, Roy

Published
2024
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14. The implications of defining obesity as a disease: a report from the Association for the Study of Obesity 2021 annual conference

Author

Luli, Migena, Yeo, Giles, Farrell, Emma, Ogden, Jane, Parretti, Helen, Frew, Emma, Bevan, Stephen, Brown, Adrian, Logue, Jennifer, Menon, Vinod, Isack, Nadya, Lean, Michael, McEwan, Chris, Gately, Paul, Williams, Simon, Astbury, Nerys, Bryant, Maria, Clare, Kenneth, Dimitriadis, Georgios K., Finlayson, Graham, Heslehurst, Nicola, Johnson, Brett, Le Brocq, Sarah, Roberts, Audrey, McGinley, Patrick, Mueller, Julia, O'Kane, Mary, Batterham, Rachel L., Roberts, Kath, and Miras, Alexander Dimitri

Published
2023
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19. Weight management using meal replacements and cardiometabolic risk reduction in individuals with pre‐diabetes and features of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author

Noronha, Jarvis C., Nishi, Stephanie K., Khan, Tauseef A., Blanco Mejia, Sonia, Kendall, Cyril W. C., Kahleová, Hana, Rahelić, Dario, Salas‐Salvadó, Jordi, Leiter, Lawrence A., Lean, Michael E. J., and Sievenpiper, John L.

Subjects
WEIGHT loss, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, REGULATION of body weight, REDUCING diets, METABOLIC syndrome, DASH diet
Abstract

Summary: This review synthesized the evidence from randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of meal replacements (MRs) as part of a weight loss intervention with conventional food‐based weight loss diets on cardiometabolic risk in individuals with pre‐diabetes and features of metabolic syndrome. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched through January 16, 2024. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method and expressed as mean difference [95% confidence intervals]. The overall certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. Ten trials (n = 1254) met the eligibility criteria. MRs led to greater reductions in body weight (−1.38 kg [−1.81, −0.95]), body mass index (BMI, −0.56 kg/m2 [−0.78, −0.34]), waist circumference (−1.17 cm [−1.93, −0.41]), HbA1c (−0.11% [−0.22, 0.00]), LDL‐c (−0.18 mmol/L [−0.28, −0.08]), non‐HDL‐c (−0.17 mmol/L [−0.33, −0.01]), and systolic blood pressure (−2.22 mmHg [−4.20, −0.23]). The overall certainty of the evidence was low to moderate owing to imprecision and/or inconsistency. The available evidence suggests that incorporating MRs into a weight loss intervention leads to small important reductions in body weight, BMI, LDL‐c, non‐HDL‐c, and systolic blood pressure, and trivial reductions in waist circumference and HbA1c, beyond that seen with conventional food‐based weight loss diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. A qualitative study of the perceptions and experiences of participants and healthcare professionals in the DiRECT‐Australia type 2 diabetes remission service.

Author

Chimoriya, Ritesh, MacMillan, Freya, Lean, Michael, Simmons, David, and Piya, Milan K.

Subjects
WORK, PATIENT selection, WEIGHT loss, PATIENT compliance, QUALITATIVE research, RESEARCH funding, INTERVIEWING, HUMAN research subjects, PRIMARY health care, DISEASE remission, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, MOTIVATION (Psychology), THEMATIC analysis, SOUND recordings, CLIENT relations, ATTITUDES of medical personnel, TYPE 2 diabetes, RESEARCH methodology, VIDEOCONFERENCING, SOCIAL support, PATIENTS' attitudes, EXPERIENTIAL learning, PATIENT participation, DIET
Abstract

Background: The UK Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT) study was replicated in an Australian primary care setting. This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand the perceptions and experiences of both participants and healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the DiRECT‐Australia Type 2 Diabetes Remission Service. Methods: All participants and HCPs delivering the service were invited to participate in semi‐structured interviews via online videoconferencing. The interview guides explored perceptions and experiences in DiRECT‐Australia, covering aspects such as barriers and facilitators to recruitment and participation, motivations and challenges across service phases, adequacy of support provided and the overall acceptability of the service. All interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Eight DiRECT‐Australia participants and six HCPs (three general practitioners, two practice nurses and one dietitian) participated. Four overarching themes were identified: (1) Enablers and barriers to recruitment and continuous participation in DiRECT‐Australia; (2) Motivators and overcoming barriers across the total diet replacement, food reintroduction and weight maintenance phases; (3) Importance of participant‐HCP interactions and continuous support; (4) Acceptance and long‐term need for DiRECT‐Australia. Adherence to total diet replacement was less challenging than anticipated by participants. Transitioning to the food reintroduction phase was difficult but overcome through HCP support. DiRECT‐Australia was well accepted by both participants and HCPs, and participants expressed willingness to continue with the service, if provided on a long‐term basis. Conclusions: Both participants and HCPs were highly interested in the new diabetes remission service set up in an Australian primary care setting. The acceptability of DiRECT‐Australia was underscored by participants emphasising the effectiveness of the service in achieving significant weight loss and diabetes remission. There is a need for long‐term and wider implementation of the service to ensure that anyone with recent onset type 2 diabetes is offered the best possible chance to achieve remission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Increase in Colonic PRopionate as a Method of prEVENTing Weight Gain Over 12 Months in Adults Aged 20–40 Years ((iPREVENT): A Multi-Centre, Double-Blind, Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial

Author

Pugh, Jennifer E., primary, Petropoulou, Katerina, additional, Vasconcelos, Joana C., additional, Anjum, Aisha, additional, Thom, George, additional, Mccombie, Louise, additional, Tashkova, Martina, additional, Alshehhi, Sumayya, additional, Babalis, Daphne, additional, Holroyd, Leah, additional, Sadiq, Barzan A., additional, Prechtl, Christina, additional, Preston, Tom, additional, Lean, Michael EJ, additional, Dhillo, Waljit, additional, Prevost, A. Toby, additional, Morrison, Douglas, additional, and Frost, Gary, additional

Published
2024
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34. The role of appetite-related hormones, adaptive thermogenesis, perceived hunger and stress in long-term weight-loss maintenance: a mixed-methods study

Author

Thom, George, Dombrowski, Stephan U., Brosnahan, Naomi, Algindan, Yasmin Y., Rosario Lopez-Gonzalez, M., Roditi, Giles, and Lean, Michael E. J.

Subjects
Obesity -- Care and treatment, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background/objectives Weight-loss maintenance is challenging, and few succeed in the long term. This study aimed to explain how appetite-related hormones, adaptive thermogenesis, perceived hunger and stress influence weight-loss maintenance. Subjects/methods Fifteen adult women (age, 46.3 [plus or minus] 9.5 years; BMI, 39.4 [plus or minus] 4.3 kg/m.sup.2) participated in a 24-month intervention, which included 3-5 months total diet replacement (825-853 kcal/d). Body weight and composition (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), resting metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry), and fasting plasma concentration of leptin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) were measured at baseline and after weight loss, around 6 months. Perceptions relating to weight-loss maintenance were explored using qualitative interviews. Results Mean (SD) changes in body weight (-13.8 [plus or minus] 6.3 kg) and total adipose tissue (-11.5 [plus or minus] 4.9 kg) were significant (P < 0.001). Weight loss was associated with a significant reduction in resting metabolic rate (-291 [plus or minus] 226 kcal/day, P < 0.001) and adaptive thermogenesis (-150 [plus or minus] 162 kcal/day, P = 0.003), reduction in leptin (P < 0.001) and GLP-1 (P = 0.015), an increase in ghrelin (P < 0.001), and no changes in PYY and GDF-15. Weight regain between 6 and 24 months (6.1 [plus or minus] 6.3 kg, P < 0.05) was correlated positively with change in GLP-1 (r = 0.5, P = 0.037) and negatively with GLP-1 at baseline (r = -0.7, P = 0.003) and after weight loss (r = -0.7, P = 0.005). Participants did not report increased hunger after weight loss, and stress-related/emotional eating was perceived as the main reason for regain. Conclusions Weight regain is more likely with lower fasting GLP-1 and greater reduction in GLP-1 after weight loss, but psychological aspects of eating behaviour appear as important in attenuating weight-loss maintenance., Author(s): George Thom [sup.1] , Stephan U. Dombrowski [sup.2] , Naomi Brosnahan [sup.1] , Yasmin Y. Algindan [sup.3] , M. Rosario Lopez-Gonzalez [sup.4] , Giles Roditi [sup.4] , Michael E. [...]

Published
2020
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37. Durability of a primary care-led weight-management intervention for remission of type 2 diabetes: 2-year results of the DiRECT open-label, cluster-randomised trial

Author

Lean, Michael E J, Leslie, Wilma S, Barnes, Alison C, Brosnahan, Naomi, Thom, George, McCombie, Louise, Peters, Carl, Zhyzhneuskaya, Sviatlana, Al-Mrabeh, Ahmad, Hollingsworth, Kieren G, Rodrigues, Angela M, Rehackova, Lucia, Adamson, Ashley J, Sniehotta, Falko F, Mathers, John C, Ross, Hazel M, McIlvenna, Yvonne, Welsh, Paul, Kean, Sharon, Ford, Ian, McConnachie, Alex, Messow, Claudia-Martina, Sattar, Naveed, and Taylor, Roy

Published
2019
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39. The remote diet intervention to reduce Long COVID symptoms trial (ReDIRECT): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a remotely delivered supported weight management programme for people with Long COVID and excess weight, with personalised improvement goals

Author

Haag, Laura, primary, Richardson, Janice, additional, Cunningham, Yvonne, additional, Fraser, Heather, additional, Brosnahan, Naomi, additional, Ibbotson, Tracy, additional, Ormerod, Jane, additional, White, Chris, additional, McIntosh, Emma, additional, O'Donnell, Kate, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, McConnachie, Alex, additional, Lean, Michael E. J., additional, Blane, David N., additional, and Combet, Emilie, additional

Published
2023
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40. Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial

Author

Lean, Michael EJ, Leslie, Wilma S, Barnes, Alison C, Brosnahan, Naomi, Thom, George, McCombie, Louise, Peters, Carl, Zhyzhneuskaya, Sviatlana, Al-Mrabeh, Ahmad, Hollingsworth, Kieren G, Rodrigues, Angela M, Rehackova, Lucia, Adamson, Ashley J, Sniehotta, Falko F, Mathers, John C, Ross, Hazel M, McIlvenna, Yvonne, Stefanetti, Renae, Trenell, Michael, Welsh, Paul, Kean, Sharon, Ford, Ian, McConnachie, Alex, Sattar, Naveed, and Taylor, Roy

Published
2018
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48. The Remote Diet Intervention to REduce Long COVID symptoms Trial (ReDIRECT) – dietary profile of the study participants at baseline

Author

Haag, Laura, primary, Richardson, Janice, primary, Haig, Caroline, primary, Cunningham, Yvonne, primary, Fraser, Heather, primary, Brosnahan, Naomi, primary, Ibbotson, Tracy, primary, Ormerod, Jane, primary, White, Chris, primary, McIntosh, Emma, primary, A. O'Donnell, Catherine, primary, Sattar, Naveed, primary, McConnachie, Alex, primary, E. J. Lean, Michael, primary, N. Blane, David, primary, and Combet, Emilie, primary

Published
2023
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49. Glycemia but not the Metabolic Syndrome is Associated with Cognitive Decline: Findings from the European Male Ageing Study

Author

Overman, Margot J., Pendleton, Neil, O'Neill, Terence W., Bartfai, Gyorgy, Casanueva, Felipe F., Forti, Gianni, Rastrelli, Giulia, Giwercman, Aleksander, Han, Thang S., Huhtaniemi, Ilpo T., Kula, Krzysztof, Lean, Michael E.J., Punab, Margus, Lee, David M., Correa, Elon S., Ahern, Tomas, Laurent, Michaël R., Verschueren, Sabine M.P., Antonio, Leen, Gielen, Evelien, Rutter, Martin K., Vanderschueren, Dirk, Wu, Frederick C.W., and Tournoy, Jos

Published
2017
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50. 3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double-blind trial

Author

Hamann, Andreas, Barakat, Alain, Blüher, Matthias, Linn, Thomas, Mölle, Andrea, Segner, Alexander, Stübler, Petra, Tosch-Sisting, Regina, Pacini, Furio, Santini, Ferruccio, Marchesini, Giulio, Rotella, Carlo Maria, Invitti, Cecilia, Vettor, Roberto, Buscemi, Silvio, Raya, Pedro Mezquita, Freijoo, Felipe Casanueva, de Barbará, Ramón Gomis, Carraro, Raffaele, Bobillo, Enrique Romero, de la Cuesta, Carmen, Farsang, Csaba, Csaszar, Albert, Zahorska-Markiewicz, Barbara, Pupek-Musialik, Danuta, Franek, Edward, Ostrowska, Lucyna, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Magdalena, Lalic, Nebojsa, Micic, Dragan, Ludvik, Bernhard, Paulweber, Bernhard, Prager, Rudolf, Scheen, André, Van Gaal, Luc, Astrup, Arne Vernon, Hermansen, Kjeld, Madsbad, Sten, Rissanen, Aila, Nieminen, Sakari, Savolainen, Markku, Krempf, Michel, Romon, Monique, Laville, Martine, Marre, Michel, Mira, Reginald, Finucane, Francis, Veenendaal, Aletha, van Berkum, Frank, Johannsson-Vidarsdóttir, Solrun, Van de Walle, Vivienne, Meesters, Eelco, Hjelmesæth, Jøran, Klemsdal, Tor Ole, Kulseng, Bård, Bach-Kliegel, Birgit, Laederach, Kurt, Villiger, Lukas, Golay, Alain, Bilz, Stefan, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat, Bain, Stephen, Kumar, Sudesh, Le Roux, Carel Wynard, Lean, Michael E.J., McGowan, Barbara, Rehman, Tariq, Wilding, John, Wittert, Gary, Caterson, Ian, Proietto, Joeseph, Prins, John, Neto, Bruno Geloneze, Gross, Jorge Luiz, Chacra, Antonio Roberto, Halpern, Alfredo, de Almeida Suplicy, Henrique, Chow, Francis Chun Chung, Thacker, Hemant P, Chadha, Manoj, Chandalia, Hemaraj, Unnikrishnan, Ambika, Kalra, Sanjay, Deshpande, Neeta, Shunmugavelu, Minakshi, Deshmukh, Vaishali Chetan, Maislos, Maximo, Lieberman, Gabriella Segal, Shimon, Ilan, Stern, Naftali, Nabriski, Dan, Karnieli, Eddy, Shehadeh, Naim, Gonzalez-Galvez, Guillermo, del Rosario Arechavaleta-Granell, Maria, Ortiz, Rafael Margarito Violante, Franco, Guadalupe Morales, Gurieva, Irina, Suplotova, Lyudmila Aleksandrovna, Troshina, Ekaterina, Ruyatkina, Ludmila Aleksandrovna, Voychik, Emma Anatolievna, Martsevich, Sergey, Startseva, Maria A, Seeber, Mary Elizabeth, Badat, Aysha, Ellis, Graham, Altuntas, Yuksel, Guler, Serdar, Ulgen, Ender, Delibasi, Tuncay, Chetty, Tony, Hart, Randy, Janzen, Jeannette, Labonte, Isabelle, Lau, David, Liutkus, Joanne, O'Keefe, Dennis, Padwal, Raj, Ransom, Thomas P.P., Tytus, Richard, Weisnagel, Stanley John, Adler, Jay, Aqua, Keith, Aronoff, Stephen L, Bedel, Gary W., Blevins, Thomas Craig, Blumenau, Joe, Brockmyre, Andrew Peter, Call, Robert S, Canadas, Rafael, Chaykin, Louis B, Cohen, Kenneth, Conrow, Jeffrey Keith, Davis, Matthew G, Downey, H Jackson, Drosman, Steven Richard, Duckor, Steven, Farmer, H. Frank, Farrell, James, Fehnel, Stephen, Finneran, Matthew Patrick, Forbes, Ray, Forker, Alan, Fredrick, Mark, Fujioka, Ken, Geller, Steven Andrew, Gill, Santosh, Glaser, Linda, Greco, Susan Neims, Greenway, Frank Lyons, Harper, Wayne, Herman, Lee, Hoekstra, John, Ingebretsen, Richard, Ison, Rodney, Jain, Rajeev K, Kaplan, Roy, Kaster, Steven Richard, Haase, Gregory A, Kerzner, Boris, Kirstein, Judith Lee, Koltun, William, Krieger, Diane R, Lewis, Cora Elizabeth, Madder, Robert, Marple, Richard N, McDermott, Edward J, Mello, Curtis John, Miller, Alan B., Mullen, Julie, Nardandrea, John, O'Neil, Patrick, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Pucillo, Ronald M, Rhee, Chanhaeng, Redrick, Scott, Pardini, Aaron, Rothman, Jeffrey, Rubino, Domenica Marie, Sellers, Gladstone, Smith, Timothy, Byars, William David, Soufer, Joseph, Sussman, Allen Michael, Patrick, Kyle, Schramm, Erich Lloyd, Van Cleeff, Martin, Berg, Saul Reuel, Wyatt, Holly Roxanna, Simon, James Alan, le Roux, Carel W, Astrup, Arne, Greenway, Frank, Lau, David C W, Ortiz, Rafael Violante, Wilding, John P H, Skjøth, Trine V, Manning, Linda Shapiro, and Pi-Sunyer, Xavier

Published
2017
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