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3,518 results on '"Lebanese University [Beirut]"'

1. Fifty years of progress in wildland fire modelling: from empirical to fully physical CFD models

Author

Morvan, Dominique, Accary, Gilbert, Meradji, Sofiane, Frangieh, Nicolas, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), and Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Multiphase physical model, Turbulent com- bustion, Radiation heat transfer, Sparce porous media, Mechanics of Materials, Multiphase reactive flow, Wildfire modelling, General Materials Science, Wildland fire modelling, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this short review is to present the progress made in wildland fire modelling duringthe last 50 years and the intellectual track followed by wildland fires models, from fully empirical modelsin the 60s, to semi-empirical ones in the 70s, to fully physical models at the end of the 90s. During thelast period, the large diffusion of HPC methods substantially contributed to the development of multiphaseformulations applied to wildland fire modelling. Many studies have particularly focused on the effects ofvarious parameters (vegetation, topography, atmosphere) affecting the behaviour of a fire front propagatingthrough a forest fuel layer.

Published
2022
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2. A Study of Two High Intensity Fires across Corsican Shrubland

Author

Jacky Fayad, Frédéric Morandini, Gilbert Accary, François-Joseph Chatelon, Clément Wandon, Antoine Burglin, Lucile Rossi, Thierry Marcelli, Dominique Cancellieri, Valérie Cancellieri, Dominique Morvan, Sofiane Meradji, Antoine Pieri, Gilles Planelles, René Costantini, Patrice Briot, Jean-Louis Rossi, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Office national des forêts (ONF), and Projet GOLIAT - CPER: 40031

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], physical fire model, Atmospheric Science, field experiment, high intensity fire, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), fire behavior
Abstract

International audience; This paper reports two experimental fires conducted at field-scale in Corsica, across a particular mountain shrubland. The orientation of the experimental plots was chosen in such a way that the wind was aligned along the main slope direction in order to obtain a high intensity fire. The first objective was to study the high intensity fire behavior by evaluating the propagation conditions related to its speed and intensity, as well as the geometry of the fire front and its impact on different targets. Therefore, an experimental protocol was designed to determine the properties of the fire spread using UAV cameras and its impact using heat flux gauges. Another objective was to study these experiments numerically using a fully physical fire model, namely FireStar3D. Numerical results concerning the fire dynamics, particularly the ROS, were also compared to other predictions of the FireStar2D model. The comparison with experimental measurements showed the robustness of the 3D approach with a maximum difference of 5.2% for the head fire ROS. The fire intensities obtained revealed that these experiments are representative of high intensity fires, which are very difficult to control in the case of real wildfires. Other parameters investigated numerically (flame geometry and heat fluxes) were also in fairly good agreement with the experimental measurements and confirm the capacity of FireStar3D to predict surface fires of high intensity.

Published
2023
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3. Analyzing sandwich panel with new proposed core for bending and compression resistance

Author

Tarek Mesto, Maya Sleiman, Khaled Khalil, Samer Alfayad, Frédéric Jacquemin, Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Informatique, BioInformatique, Systèmes Complexes (IBISC), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay, ECAM Rennes - Louis de Broglie (ECAM), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (Nantes Univ - IUT Saint-Nazaire), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - EPUN), and Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)

Subjects
Homogenization, Three-dimensional printing, Compression test, Lattice core, Mechanical Engineering, Sandwich panel, General Materials Science, Bending test, [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Sandwich panels are used in many industries for their lightweight compared to high strength. Most of the sandwich panels application are bending and compression, which relies on the core type of the panel. Widely used in additive manufacturing is pyramid cell cores. In this article, two new cores, the reinforced pyramid cell model and the C-half circle cell model, are proposed to replace the pyramidal core and to verify their advantages and disadvantages with respect to it compression and in bending. The comparison was done in the ABAQUS simulation. A semi-analytical method was used as well as experimental tests were carried out to verify the numerical simulation on ABAQUS. The results have been validated, the difference remains below 10%. According to the simulations, the deformation of the skin of the half circle cell panel decreases by 15% in compression while the deflection of the reinforced pyramid cell panel decreases by 26% in bending compared to the pyramid cell panel. However, the most effective results in absorbing compression are half circle cell which is allowed to make impact insulation.

Published
2023
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4. Use of fire safety engineering tools for fuel break design

Author

Frangieh, Nicolas, Accary, Gilbert, Chatelon, François-Joseph, Marcelli, Thierry, Méradji, Sofiane, Rossi, Lucile, Awad, Carmen, Fayad, Jacky, Rossi, Jean-Louis, Morvan, Dominique, SPE Université de Corse Pasquale Paoli, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

5. Numerical study of a high intensity winter prescribed fire across Corsican Genista salzmannii vegetation

Author

Marcelli, Thierry, Fayad, Jacky, Awad, Carmen, Frangieh, Nicolas, Chatelon, François-Joseph, Burglin, Antoine, Morandini, Frédéric, Leroy-Cancellieri, Valérie, Cancellieri, Dominique, Morvan, Dominique, Accary, Gilbert, Méradji, Sofiane, Pieri, Antoine, Rossi, Lucile, Wandon, Clément, Rossi, Jean-Louis, SPE Université de Corse Pasquale Paoli, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), and Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

6. Wildfires Physics and Modelling

Author

Meradji, Sofiane, Morvan, Dominique, Accary, Gilbert, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Meradji, Sofiane

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

7. Numerical Study of Junction Fires on Sloped Terrain for Grassland Vegetation

Author

Jacky Fayad, Gilbert Accary, Duncan Sutherland, Sofiane Meradji, Nicolas Frangieh, Khaled Moinuddin, Dominique Morvan, François Joseph Chatelon, Jean-Louis Rossi, SPE Université de Corse Pasquale Paoli, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Università di Corsica Pasquale Paoli [Université de Corse Pascal Paoli], Partenaires INRAE, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
numerical simulations, junction fire dynamics, slope effect, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022
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8. Numerical Assessment of Safe Separation Distance in the Wildland–Urban Interfaces

Author

Jacky Fayad, Gilbert Accary, Frédéric Morandini, François-Joseph Chatelon, Lucile Rossi, Thierry Marcelli, Dominique Cancellieri, Valérie Cancellieri, Yassine Rahib, Dominique Morvan, Sofiane Meradji, Antoine Pieri, Jean-Yves Duret, Jean-Louis Rossi, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Service d'Incendie et de Secours de Corse-du-Sud (SIS 2A), and Projet GOLIAT - CPER : 40031

Subjects
physical fire model, [PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), high-intensity fire, safe separation distance, wildland–urban interfaces, Forestry, Building and Construction, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), wildland-urban interfaces, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Safety Research
Abstract

International audience; A safe separation distance (SSD) needs to be considered during firefighting activities (fire suppression or people evacuation) against wildfires. The SSD is of critical interest for both humans and assets located in the wildland-urban interfaces (WUI). In most cases, the safety zone models and guidelines assume a flat terrain and only radiant heating. Nevertheless, injuries or damage do not result exclusively from radiant heating. Indeed, convection must be also considered as a significant contribution of heat transfer, particularly in the presence of the combined effects of sloping terrain and a high wind velocity. In this work, a critical case study is considered for the village of Sari-Solenzara in Corsica (France). This site location was selected by the operational staff since highintensity fire spread is likely to occur in the WUI during wind-blown conditions. This study was carried out for 4 m high shrubland, a sloping terrain of 12° and a wind speed of 16.6 m/s. The numerical simulations were performed using a fully physical fire model, namely, FireStar2D, to investigate a case of fire spreading, which is thought to be representative of most high wildfire risk situations in Corsica. This study is based on the evaluation of the total (radiative and convective) heat flux received by two types of targets (human bodies and buildings) located ahead of the fire front. The results obtained revealed that the radiation was the dominant heat transfer mode in the evaluation of the SSD. In addition, the predictions were consistent with the criterion established by the operational experts, which assumes that in Corsica, a minimum SSD of 50 m is required to keep an equipped firefighter without injury in a fuelbreak named ZAL. This numerical work also provides correlations relating the total heat flux to the SSD.

Published
2023
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9. Advances in solar greenhouse systems for cultivation of agricultural products

Author

Karunesh Kant, Pascal Biwole, Ibrahim Shamseddine, Ghadie Tlaiji, Fabienne Pennec, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Procédés, Énergies Renouvelables, Systèmes Énergétiques (PERSEE), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de la Technologie (EDST), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Centre de Thermique de Lyon (CETHIL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Shiva Gorjian, Pietro Elia Campana, Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], photovoltaics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Greenhouse farming, solar energy, thermal energy storage, mathematical modeling, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; As the world’s population grows, current agricultural activities are putting enormous strain on the climate, including deforestation, excessive water use, and pesticide runoffs. These stresses are expected to increase in the coming future as more food products are needed. One promising method to reduce the adverse impact on the environment is greenhouse-based farming, which can enhance land-use efficiency and water consumption. The major limitation of the greenhouse is the high energy demand in a constrained space. Solar energy has shown a promising approach for integration with agricultural greenhouses in recent years. The developments of greenhouses integrated with various solar energy technologies including photovoltaic (PV), photovoltaic-thermal (PVT), and solar thermal collectors are discussed in this chapter. The results indicated that PV modules installed on greenhouse roofs or walls cause shading and, in some cases, have affected the growth trend of cultivated crops inside. The PVT modules are more efficient at producing both heat and electricity, while higher performance values are reported for greenhouses integrated with solar thermal collectors especially in moderate climate conditions. Additionally, storing thermal energy has shown an improvement in the profitability of solar greenhouses by extending the period of solar heat availability. Also, the most commonly used mathematical models describing the thermal behavior of solar greenhouses as well as their economics are explored and discussed. In the end, various commercial solar greenhouse implemented around the world are introduced.

Published
2022
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10. Mathematical modeling and numerical analysis for the higher order Boussinesq system

Author

Bashar Khorbatly, Ralph Lteif, Samer Israwi, Stéphane Gerbi, Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering [Byblos], School of Engineering [Lebanese American University] (SOE/LAU), Lebanese American University (LAU)-Lebanese American University (LAU), Department of Computer Science and Mathematics [Lebanese American University] (CSM/SAS/LAU), Lebanese American University (LAU), Department of Mathematics [Beirut], Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Numerical Analysis, Applied Mathematics, Water waves, Boussinesq system, Computational Mathematics, traveling waves, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, higher-order asymptotic model, well-posedness, Modeling and Simulation, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], numerical validation, Analysis, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP), explicit solution
Abstract

This study deals with higher-order asymptotic equations for the water-waves problem. We considered the higher-order/extended Boussinesq equations over a flat bottom topography in the well-known long wave regime. Providing an existence and uniqueness of solution on a relevant time scale of order 1/√ε and showing that the solution’s behavior is close to the solution of the water waves equations with a better precision corresponding to initial data, the asymptotic model is well-posed in the sense of Hadamard. Then we compared several water waves solitary solutions with respect to the numerical solution of our model. At last, we solve explicitly this model and validate the results numerically.

Published
2021

11. Memristor Overwrite Logic (MOL) for In-Memory DNN

Author

Alhaj Ali, Khaled, RIZK, Mostafa, Baghdadi, Amer, Diguet, Jean-Philippe, Jomaah, Jalal, Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Département Electronique (IMT Atlantique - ELEC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Lebanese International University (LIU), Lab-STICC_UBS_CACS_MOCS, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRL_CROSSING_CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
In-memory computing, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Memristor Overwrite Logic (MOL), [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [INFO.INFO-AO]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Arithmetic, Deep neural net- work (DNN), [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Memristor, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience; In-memory computing is a promising solution to address the memory wall challenges in future processing systems. Substantial improvement in performance and energy efficiency is expected, in particular for data intensive applications. A typical use case is neural network applications, where large amount of data should be processed and moved between memory and processing cores. Although several recent works tried to accelerate processing through dedicated parallel hardware designs, data movement cost is still a critical technical challenge. In this context, we propose a novel programmable architecture design for in-memory deep neural networks (DNN) computation. Based on a new logic design style, namely Memristor Overwrite Logic (MOL), specialized computational memory is designed. The original architecture of the proposed computational memory allows to execute multiply-accumulate operations between stored words using MOL. Outstanding features are demonstrated with respect to other recent logic design styles based on emerging non-volatile memory technologies.

Published
2020
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12. Higher Order Dissipative-Dispersive System and Application

Author

Samer Israwi, Department of Mathematics [Beirut], Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Physics, Cauchy problem, Euler system, Order (business), AMS Subject Classifications: 35C07, 47G30, 35L05, 35A01, Dissipative system, Statistical physics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Camassa-Holm equation, Dispersive wave equation
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, a generalized nonlinear dissipative and dispersive equation with time and space-dependent coefficients is considered. We show that the control of the higher order term is possible by using an adequate weight function to define the energy. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are obtained via a Picard iterative method. As an application to this general Theorem, we prove the well-posedness of the higher order Camassa-Holm type equation as a scalar model which approximates the Euler system with some accuracy for water wave problem.

Published
2020
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13. RISE Feedback Control of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots: Design and Real-Time Experiments

Author

Ghina Hassan, Ahmed Chemori, Lotfi Chikh, Pierre-Elie Hervé, Maher El Rafei, Clovis Francis, François Pierrot, Conception et commande de robots pour la manipulation (DEXTER), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), TECNALIA France, and Tecnalia

Subjects
RISE control, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Sliding mode control, PID control, Cable-driven parallel robot, Real-time experiments
Abstract

International audience; Control of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots (CDPRs) is considered as a challenging task due to their highly nonlinear dynamic behavior, abundant uncertainties, low-stiff cables, parameters variation, cable tensions, and actuation redundancy. Hence, a robust controller is needed to obtain higher performance despite the above mentioned issues. In this paper, we propose a Robust Integral of the Sign of the Error (RISE) control scheme to solve the problem of reference trajectory tracking. RISE feedback control is a robust nonlinear continuous controller which can guarantee a semi-global asymptotic tracking under limited assumptions on the system's structure. RISE ensures the closed-loop system robustness towards parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed control solution is designed and implemented in real-time experiments on a fully constrained 4-DOF Cable-Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR) named PICKABLE. The obtained experimental results show that the proposed controller outperforms the classical PID controller and the first-order Sliding Mode Control (SMC) in terms of tracking performances and robustness towards payload variations.

Published
2020

14. N-acetylcysteine potentiates diclofenac toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: stronger potentiation in ABC transporter mutant strains

Author

Houssein Al-Attrache, Ziad Abdel-Razzak, Monzer Hamzé, Hala Chamieh, Samir Taha, Isabelle Morel, Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre AZM pour la Recherche en Biotechnologie et ses Applications, Université Libanaise, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre AZM pour la recherche en Biotechnologie et ses applications, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de la Technologie (EDST), Lebanese University [Beirut]-Lebanese University [Beirut], Lebanese University, Association AZM, 6081-31-12-2015, Lebanese University Research funds, MIP-DILI-115336, MIP-DILI project, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, YPD, Yor1, Yeast extract Peptone Dextrose, Time Factors, LC, Yeast Oligomycin Resistance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Bile Pigment Transporter 1, Mutant, ATP-binding cassette transporter, MPT, Toxicology, Antioxidants, Zinc-responsive Activator Protein, DCF, Disulfides, PKC, Protein Kinase C, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, disulfide bridge, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, ROS, Drug Synergism, General Medicine, Zap1, Phenotype, ABC transporters, Biochemistry, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Toxicity, lb, optical density, YNB, Diclofenac, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, Genotype, Yeast Activator Protein 1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yeast Nitrogen Base, Vacuolar Multidrug Resistance, Yap1, Oxidative phosphorylation, Hadat -Beirut – Lebanon Phone 00961 3 48 69 15 Abbreviations Bpt1, Pdr, Pleiotropic drug resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, Lebanese University – Faculty of sciences I – Rafic Hariri Campus -Po Box: 14-6573, OD, L-Cysteine, Protein kinase C, Pharmacology, Reactive oxygen species, Chemical Health and Safety, NAC, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Vmr1, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Wild type, biology.organism_classification, N-acetylcysteine, Acetylcysteine, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Mutation, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Reactive Oxygen Species, Transcription Factors
Abstract

International audience; Diclofenac (DCF) adverse reactions involve diverse mechanisms in different models. We recently demonstrated that DCF-induced toxicity in HepaRG decreases as they express DCF-metabolizing enzymes. DCF metabolism promotes toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing heterologous cytochromes-P450. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is used to treat diverse medical conditions due to its multiple properties (antioxidant, metal chelator, thiol-disulfide disruption). The latter property accounts for its mucolytic effects and broadens its potential molecular targets to signal transduction proteins, ABC transporters and others. Interaction of NAC with DCF effects depends on the experimental model. This study aims to investigate NAC/DCF interaction and the involvement of ABC transporters in wild type and mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DCF inhibited yeast growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner and the cells started adapting to DCF 24-h post-treatment. NAC potentiated DCF-induced toxicity if added prior or parallel to DCF. Pretreatment with NAC increased its potentiation effect and compromised cells adaption to DCF. Post-treatment with NAC potentiated DCF toxicity without compromising adaptation. Moreover, mutant strains in ABC transporters Pdr5, Yor1, Bpt1 or Pdr15, were more sensitive to DCF; while mutant strains in Pdr5, Vmr1 or Pdr12 were more sensitive to NAC/DCF interaction. DCF ± NAC elicited on the mutant strain in Yap1, an oxidative stress-related protein, the same effects as on the wild type. Therefore, oxidative stress does not seem to be key actor in DCF toxicity in our model. Our hypothesis is that NAC potentiation effect is at least due to its ability to disrupt disulfide bridge in proteins required to overcome DCF toxicity in yeast.

Published
2017
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15. Methodology for Broadband Matching of Electrically Small Antenna using combined Non-Foster and Passive Networks

Author

Denis Le Jeune, Sawsan Sadek, André Pérennec, Raafat Lababidi, Saadou Almokdad, Marc Le Roy, Lab-STICC_UBO_MOM_DIM, Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_MOM_DIM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), University Institute of Technology, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CACS_COM, Université de Brest (UBO)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology- Lebanese University, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Brest (UBO)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut], and Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_ CACS_MOCS

Subjects
Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Bandwidth (signal processing), Reactance, Non-Foster, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Input impedance, Effective radiated power, Network topology, 7. Clean energy, Quality factor, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Antenna efficiency, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Electrically small antenna, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Passive matching, Hardware and Architecture, Signal Processing, Broadband, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering
Abstract

International audience; Decreasing the electric length of an antenna results in increasing its input reactance that becomes greater than its input resistance, resulting in a significant rise in its quality factor and in a drastic reduction of its potential operating bandwidth. For such small antennas, namely ESA for Electrically Small Antenna, passive matching is restricted by the gain-bandwidth theory, providing narrow bandwidths and/or poor gain. This limitation can be overtaken by using antenna matching networks based on non-Foster components. In previous studies, non-Foster components are used to cancel the reactance part of the ESA, and then passive matching may be introduced to transform the net input impedance toward 50Ω, which leads to an increase in the bandwidth. In this paper, a design methodology is put forward on three different topologies all based on combined passive and active matching networks. A described step-by-step design to decrease the antenna quality factor is discussed. A comparison is made between these topologies along with a discussion on their limitations and ability to increase the bandwidth and radiation efficiency of ESA. The third topology presented in this paper is a novel one that proposes a three-stage matching network and exhibits both the widest matched bandwidth and an increase in the efficiency of the whole system compared to previous approaches. In order to make this comparison, a new indicator to estimate the whole system radiated power efficiency is introduced and validated by comparison with a full EM simulation. Moreover, actual implementation of the two most interesting techniques are detailed and associated measured results are carefully compared to simulations.

Published
2020
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16. A new simplified meta-model to evaluate the transmission of ground movements to structures integrating the elastoplastic soil behavior

Author

Pierre Rahme, Michel Khouri, Rasool Mehdizadeh, Olivier Deck, Elio El Kahi, GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
Artificial neural network, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Limiting, Soil reaction, Finite element method, 0201 civil engineering, Metamodeling, [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Transmission (telecommunications), 021105 building & construction, Architecture, [SPI.GCIV.RISQ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Risques, Geotechnical engineering, Bearing capacity, [SPI.GCIV.STRUCT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Structures, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Civil and Structural Engineering, Transmission ratio
Abstract

International audience; Many buildings may suffer damage due to ground movements associated to underground excavations like tunneling, mines or urban excavations. The level of damage depends upon the rate of ground movements transmitted to structures that is affected by the soil-structure interaction (SSI) conditions and parameters such as the soil elastoplastic behavior. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the soil elastoplasticity while investigating the response of a structure sitting on a soil subjected to a ground movement. Analytical and numerical approaches are applied to examine the effect of the non-linear soil behavior. The analytical approach is based on modified Winkler and Pasternak elastic models under the assumption of limiting the soil reaction by its bearing capacity; the numerical approach is based on finite element models, using Plaxis 2D that consider an elastoplastic soil behavior. Results display the discrepancy in the structural response between considering an elastic or an elastoplastic soil behavior. Based on a significant number of iterations, the artificial neural network technique is used to propose a new simplified meta-model that integrates the soil elastoplasticity to evaluate the transmission of ground movements to structures. In addition, a procedure, which can be used by engineers and designers, is developed to evaluate the transmission ratio for any structure sitting on any type of soil.

Published
2020
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17. A New Time-Varying Feedback RISE Control for 2nd-Order Nonlinear MIMO Systems: Theory and Experiments

Author

Saied, Hussein, Chemori, Ahmed, Bouri, Mohamed, Rafei, Maher, Francis, Clovis, Pierrot, François, Conception et commande de robots pour la manipulation (DEXTER), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Subjects
RISE control, Stability analysis, Nonlinear feedback gains, Real-time experiments, Parallel kinematic manipulators, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract

International audience; This study focuses on the development of a new class of the Robust Integral of the Sign of the Error (RISE) control law adequate for second-order nonlinear multi-input-multi-output systems. A revisit for the original RISE is done by altering some static feedback gains into time-varying nonlinear ones depending on the system states. The proposed controller takes advantage of both RISE control robustness towards uncertainties and the special behavior of nonlinear feedback gains towards time-varied parameters. A Lyaponuv-based stability analysis to prove the semiglobal asymptotic tracking of the proposed new controller is included. In order to validate the relevance of the proposed controller, real-time experimental results are presented and discussed. Experiments have been conducted on a Delta parallel manipulator, in different operating conditions including payload and speed variations.

Published
2019
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18. The added value of WES reanalysis in the field of genetic diagnosis: lessons learned from 200 exomes in the Lebanese population

Author

Cybel Mehawej, David Breich, Nabiha Salem, Chebl Mourani, Sandra Corbani, André Mégarbané, Hicham Mansour, Elias Farah, Claudia Djambas Khayat, Mariam Rajab, Eliane Chouery, Valérie Delague, Bernard Gerbaka, Nadine Jalkh, Adib A. Moukarzel, Nadine Hamdan, Joelle Abou Ghoch, Jean-Pierre Desvignes, Malek Baassiri, Rawane Dagher, Rouba Ghosn, Zahraa Haidar, Ali Fawaz, Simon Rassi, Unité de génétique médicale, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropediatrics Department, Lebanese International University (LIU), Hôtel-Dieu de France (HDF), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Makassed General Hospital [Beirut, Lebanon], Saint George Hospital University Medical Center [Beirut, Lebanon], Department of Oncology, Hammoud Hospital University Medical Center, Notre Dame de Secours University Hospital, Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Department of Pediatrics, Chtoura Hospital, Institut Jérôme Lejeune, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center [UOB LIBAN], University of Balamand [Liban] (UOB), and Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University] | Faculté des Sciences [Université Libanaise]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, lcsh:Internal medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:QH426-470, Population, Genetic diagnostics, Disease, Computational biology, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic heterogeneity, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Exome Sequencing, Genetic variation, Genetics, medicine, Humans, High throughput sequencing, Exome, Lebanon, lcsh:RC31-1245, education, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, education.field_of_study, Genetic Diseases, Inborn, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Human genetics, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, NGS, Medical genetics, Mutations, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Background:The past few decades have witnessed a tremendous development in the field of genetics. Theimplementation of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies revolutionized the field of molecular biologyand made the genetic information accessible at a large scale. However, connecting a rare genetic variation to acomplex phenotype remains challenging. Indeed, identifying the cause of a genetic disease requires amultidisciplinary approach, starting with the establishment of a clear phenotype with a detailed family history andending, in some cases, with functional assays that are crucial for the validation of the pathogenicity of a mutation.Methods:Two hundred Lebanese patients, presenting a wide spectrum of genetic disorders (neurodevelopmental,neuromuscular or metabolic disorders, etc.), sporadic or inherited, dominant or recessive, were referred, over thelast three and a half years, to the Medical Genetics Unit (UGM) of Saint Joseph University (USJ). In order to identify the genetic basis of these diseases, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), followed by a targeted analysis, was performed for each case. In order to improve the genetic diagnostic yield, WES data, generated during the first 2 years of this study, were reanalyzed for all patients who were left undiagnosed at the genetic level. Reanalysis was based on updated bioinformatics tools and novel gene discoveries.Results:Our initial analysis allowed us to identify the specific genetic mutation causing the disease in 49.5% of the cases, in line with other international studies. Repeated WES analysis enabled us to increase the diagnostics yield to 56%.Conclusion:The present article reports the detailed results of both analysis and pinpoints the contribution of WES data reanalysis to an efficient genetic diagnosis. Lessons learned from WES reanalysis and interpretation are also shared.

Published
2019
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19. Crossbar Memory Architecture Performing Memristor Overwrite Logic

Author

Khaled Alhaj Ali, Mostafa Rizk, Jean-Philippe Diguet, Jalal Jomaah, Amer Baghdadi, Département Electronique (IMT Atlantique - ELEC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), International University of Beirut (BIU), Lab-STICC_UBS_CACS_MOCS, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
Computer science, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Memristor, law.invention, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, law, Memory architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Material implication, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, [INFO.INFO-AO]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Arithmetic, Magic (programming), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Logic synthesis, Computer architecture, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, State (computer science), Crossbar switch, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The non-volatile resistive state of memristor and the ease of controlling this state have triggered its usage in the design of non-volatile memories as well as logic design applications. The memristor based material implication (IMPLY) and memristor aided logic (MAGIC) have been recently presented as new methods to achieve logic computations inside memristive memory architectures. However, these methods are still surrounded by several design constraints. In this context, we present new design for memristive memories with an added computational capabilities. These capabilities are exclusively based on our proposed logic design style, namely Memristor Overwrite Logic (MOL) which is fully digital and tolerant against memristor technology variations.

Published
2019
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20. A New Time-Varying Feedback RISE Control of PKMs: Theory and Application

Author

Mohamed Bouri, Hussein Saied, Clovis Francis, Maher El Rafei, François Pierrot, Ahmed Chemori, Conception et commande de robots pour la manipulation (DEXTER), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, State variable, Computer science, Control (management), Parallel manipulator, 02 engineering and technology, Tracking (particle physics), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Nonlinear system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, parallel manipulators, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Sign (mathematics)
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, we propose a novel time-varying feedback control strategy based on the Robust Integral of the Sign of the Error (RISE). The main motivation is to enhance the tracking performance of RISE controller at high dynamic operating conditions. RISE control law ensures a semi-global asymptotic tracking without introducing severe restrictions on the uncertain and nonlinearly parametrized systems. More nonlinearities are added to the original RISE control law by replacing the static feedback gains with nonlinear ones which depend on the system state variables. The proposed contribution is implemented in real-time experiments on a non-redundant three-degrees-of-freedom parallel manipulator named Delta. Comparing to the standard RISE controller, experimental results show better tracking performances of the proposed time-varying feedback RISE controller.

Published
2019
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21. MRL Crossbar-Based Full Adder Design

Author

Amer Baghdadi, Khaled Alhaj Ali, Jalal Jomaah, Mostafa Rizk, Jean-Philippe Diguet, Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Département Electronique (IMT Atlantique - ELEC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), International University of Beirut (BIU), Lab-STICC_UBS_CACS_MOCS, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
Adder, Computer science, Computation, 02 engineering and technology, Memristor, law.invention, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Design methods, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, [INFO.INFO-AO]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Arithmetic, Energy consumption, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Logic synthesis, CMOS, Computer architecture, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Crossbar switch, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Memristor technology has acquired great interest in the field of non-volatile memories as well as logic computation. The nano-scale structure of memristor and the possibility of its integration with MOSFETs have triggered many efforts to reconstruct basic digital building blocks. Recently, Memristor Ratioed Logic (MRL) has been introduced as a hybrid memristor-CMOS logic design style, which has been functionally validated. In this paper, a 1-bit full adder is designed by implementing MRL in crossbar array. The new design methodology efficiently integrates memristors at the top of CMOS layer. The corresponding layout and simulation results are performed using Cadence Virtuoso toolset targeting CMOS 65 nm process. The obtained results and their corresponding comparison illustrate promising outcomes in terms of implementation area, energy consumption and speed.

Published
2019
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22. Brain Segmentation from Super-Resolved Magnetic Resonance Images

Author

Ahmad Diab, Muriel Mescam, Denis Kouame, Adrian Basarab, Farah Bazzi, Juan D. Rodriguez-Callejas, Hassan Amoud, Caroline Fonta, Omar Falou, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Azm Center for Biotechnology Research, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (Beyrouth, Lebanon), Laboratoire Modélisation et Sûreté des Systèmes (LM2S), Institut Charles Delaunay (ICD), Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology [Lebanese University], American University of Culture & Education (AUCE), CoMputational imagINg anD viSion (IRIT-MINDS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Association of Azm w Saade (AWS) and Doctoral School of Science and Technology - Tripoli, Liban, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (Beyrouth, Lebanon)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Fonta, Caroline, Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole)

Subjects
Point spread function, Deblurring, Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Brain segmentation, Segmentation, structural MRI, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Ground truth, marmoset, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, segmentation, Single image super-resolution, Magnetic resonance imaging, Pattern recognition, Fast algorithm, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, ICV, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, cerebral aging
Abstract

International audience; The objective of this work is to investigate the ability of a 2D super resolution (SR) technique in 3D restoration and enhancement of brain magnetic resonance images to facilitate the study of cerebral aging bio-markers. The SR method exploits the joint properties of the system point spread function and sub-sampling operators to derive a fast algorithm. Brain images of the common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus, acquired at different ages are used in this study. The evaluation of the final outcome of our method is done by computing the intracranial volume from the segmentation of the brain compartments: gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid. Results show that the deblurring of the images improves the segmentation process with respect to the ground truth. However, super resolution leads to the best quantification of the intracranial volume when compared to the deblurred and the original images. Therefore, despite its sub-optimality, the 2D SR method provides reliable results for improving the quality of the images used in the study of aging in terms of precision of reconstruction and computational time.

Published
2019
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23. Unhealthy behaviors and risk of uncontrolled hypertension among treated individuals-The CONSTANCES population-based study

Author

Cherfan, Michelle, Vallée, Alexandre, Kab, Sofiane, Pascale Salameh, Goldberg, Marcel, Zins, Marie, Blacher, Jacques, Lebanese International University (LIU), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Paris (UP), Faculty of Public Health [Fanar, Liban], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie [Beyrouth, Liban] (INSPECT-LB), The Constances Cohort Study was supported and funded by the Caisse nationale d’assurance maladie (CNAM). The Constances Cohort Study is an 'Infrastructure nationale en Biologie et Santé' and benefits from a grant from ANR (ANR-11-INBS-0002) and from the Ministry of Research. Constances is also partly funded by MSD, AstraZeneca and Lundbeck., ANR-11-INBS-0002,CONSTANCES,La cohorte CONSTANCES - Infrastructure épidémiologique ouverte pour la recherche et la surveillance(2011), Bodescot, Myriam, Infrastructures - La cohorte CONSTANCES - Infrastructure épidémiologique ouverte pour la recherche et la surveillance - - CONSTANCES2011 - ANR-11-INBS-0002 - INBS - VALID, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMS011 Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lebanese University [Beirut], and ANR-11-INBS-0002/11-INBS-0002,CONSTANCES,La cohorte CONSTANCES - Infrastructure épidémiologique ouverte pour la recherche et la surveillance(2011)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, lcsh:Medicine, Blood Pressure, Article, Young Adult, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Humans, Obesity, Prospective Studies, lcsh:Science, Life Style, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, lcsh:R, Blood Pressure Determination, Middle Aged, Overweight, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Cross-Sectional Studies, Treatment Outcome, Risk factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Hypertension, Patient Compliance, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, France
Abstract

International audience; From an epidemiological standpoint, quantifying the individual and the combined effect of lifestyle factors on uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) deserves further evaluation. We aimed to examine the individual and combined associations between unhealthy behaviors and uncontrolled hypertension among treated hypertensive adults. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from CONSTANCES, an ongoing French population-based cohort study. Uncontrolled BP was defined as mean systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or mean diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg. Unhealthy behaviors were considered as heavy alcohol consumption, low or medium adherence to dietary recommendations, sedentary physical activity level, and overweight. A total of 10,710 hypertensive treated volunteer participants were included and 56.1% had uncontrolled hypertension; of them, 2.0%, 24.5%, 54.0% and 19.5% exhibited 0, 1, 2 or ≥3 unhealthy behaviors respectively. In men, there was an increased odds of uncontrolled hypertension with heavy alcohol drinking compared to light-or-never (adjusted odds ratio 1.34, 95% CI 1.10-1.63), with low as well as with medium adherence to dietary recommendations compared to high (p

Published
2019
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24. Multitemporal Remote Sensing Based on an FVC Reference Period Using Sentinel-2 for Monitoring Eichhornia crassipes on a Mediterranean River

Author

Ghaleb Faour, Youssra Ghoussein, Ali Fadel, Pascal Pichelin, Hussein Abou hamdan, Hervé Nicolas, Jacques Haury, Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de Télédétection (CNT/CNRS LIBAN), Conseil national de la recherche scientifique, centre national de télédétection, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Eichhornia crassipes, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fishing, 0211 other engineering and technologies, record, Introduced species, 02 engineering and technology, soil-adjusted vegetation index, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, flora, remote sensing, Aquatic plant, lakes, Lebanon, lcsh:Science, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, FVC reference period, Sentinel-2, time series, biology, Hyacinth, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, indexes, vegetation cover estimation, 13. Climate action, Remote sensing (archaeology), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, water hyacinth, management
Abstract

ISI Document Delivery No.: IV6OL Times Cited: 0 Cited Reference Count: 67 Ghoussein, Youssra Nicolas, Herve Haury, Jacques Fadel, Ali Pichelin, Pascal Abou Hamdan, Hussein Faour, Ghaleb Faour, Ghaleb/0000-0002-0741-0518 Lebanese University; National Research Center (CNRS-L), Lebanon This research was funded by the Lebanese University and National Research Center (CNRS-L), Lebanon. 0 1 Mdpi Basel 2072-4292; International audience; Invasive aquatic plants are a serious global ecological and socio-economic problem because they can cause local extinction of native species and alter navigation and fishing. Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) is a dangerous invasive floating plant that is widely distributed throughout the world. In Lebanon, it has spread since 2006 in the Al Kabir River. Remote sensing techniques have been widely developed to detect and monitor dynamics and extents of invasive plants such as water hyacinth over large areas. However, they become challenging to use in narrow areas such as the Al Kabir River and we developed a new image-analysis method to extract water hyacinth areas on the river. The method is based on a time series of a biophysical variable obtained from Sentinel-2 images. After defining a reference period between two growing cycles, we used the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) to estimate the water hyacinth surface area in the river. This method makes it possible to monitor water hyacinth development and estimate the total area it colonizes in the river corridor. This method can help ecologists and other stakeholders to map invasive plants in rivers and improve their control.

Published
2019
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25. Emergence of optrA-mediated linezolid resistance in enterococci from France, 2006–16

Author

Sophie Potrel, Sarrah Boukthir, Loren Dejoies, François Guérin, Vincent Cattoir, Anaïs Collet, Richard Bonnet, Gabriel Auger, Mohamed Sassi, Asma Zouari, Racha Beyrouthy, Michel Auzou, Marguerite Fines-Guyon, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service de Microbiologie [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques [CHU Rennes] (CNR), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Faculty of Public Health [Lebanese University] (FSP III), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Modes, espaces et processus de socialisation (MEPS), Centre Max Weber (CMW), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Santé Publique France, Université de Rennes (UR), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Département de Physique et Instrumentation, Laboratoire MMA, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie - Carthage (INSAT Carthage), Faculty of Public Health [Tripoli, Liban] (FSP III), Lebanese University [Beirut], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte - Clermont Auvergne (M2iSH), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), 030106 microbiology, Enterococcaceae, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Enterococcus faecalis, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Plasmid, Bacterial Proteins, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Linezolid resistance, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pharmacology, biology, Linezolid, Outbreak, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, chemistry, Enterococcus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Vancomycin, France, Enterococcus faecium, medicine.drug
Abstract

OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiological trend of linezolid-resistant enterococci (LRE) collected in France from 2006 to 2016 and to extensively characterize LRE isolates. METHODS The National Reference Center for Enterococci (NRC-Enc) received enterococcal isolates suspected to be VRE and/or LRE from all French hospitals between 2006 and 2016. LRE isolates were phenotypically characterized and their genomes were entirely sequenced by Miseq (Illumina). Transfer of linezolid resistance was attempted by filter mating experiments. RESULTS Out of 3974 clinical isolates of enterococci received at the NRC-Enc over the period, 9 (0.2%) were LRE (MICs 8 to >32 mg/L), including 6 Enterococcus faecium and 3 Enterococcus faecalis. This overall prevalence significantly increased over the study period, reaching 0.8% in 2016. The five LRE isolated before 2016 were vanA-positive E. faecium whereas strains isolated in 2016 (one E. faecium and three E. faecalis) were susceptible to vancomycin. None of these isolates was part of an outbreak, while E. faecium strains were assigned to four different STs [17 (1), 80 (3), 412 (1) and 650 (1)] and all three E. faecalis belonged to ST480. Except for the strain isolated in 2010, all LRE were positive for optrA, which was located on plasmids (5/8) or in the chromosome (3/8). Plasmid transfer of optrA was successful in three cases. CONCLUSIONS There has been a significant increase in the prevalence of LRE in France over time; this is due to the spread of optrA among E. faecium and E. faecalis human clinical isolates (VRE or not).

Published
2019
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26. A New Feature Representation Method for Intrusion Detection System

Author

Kassem, Abdel karim, El-Sayed, Mazen, Daya, Bassam, Chauvet, Pierre, Lebanese University [Beirut], Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d'Angers (UA), Université Libanaise, Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
[INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

27. Patulin transformation products and last intermediates in its biosynthetic pathway, E- and Z-ascladiol, are not toxic to human cells

Author

Joanna Tannous, Isabelle P. Oswald, Thierry Gauthier, Rhoda El Khoury, Cécile Canlet, Philippe Pinton, Selma P. Snini, Ali Atoui, André El Khoury, Ting Zhou, Roger Lteif, Yannick Lippi, Olivier Puel, Imourana Alassane-Kpembi, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Faculté des Sciences, Centre d’Analyses et de Recherches, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Contaminants & Stress Cellulaire (ToxAlim-COMICS), Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), project CASDAR AAP RT 2015 No. 1523, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, penicillium expansum, Cell Survival, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Genes, Fungal, 030106 microbiology, Mutant, toxicologie alimentaire, HL-60 Cells, Biology, Toxicology, Patulin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Isomerism, Humans, Furans, Cytotoxicity, Mycotoxin, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, ATP synthase, Microarray analysis techniques, Penicillium, patulin synthase, patuline, Hep G2 Cells, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, patE gene, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Organ Specificity, Cell culture, biology.protein, cytotoxicity, microarray analysis, Caco-2 Cells, Penicillium expansum, ascladiol, Gene Deletion
Abstract

Patulin is the main mycotoxin contaminating apples. During the brewing of alcoholic beverages, this mycotoxin is degraded to ascladiol, which is also the last precursor of patulin. The present study aims (1) to characterize the last step of the patulin biosynthetic pathway and (2) to describe the toxicity of ascladiol. A patE deletion mutant was generated in Penicillium expansum. In contrast to the wild strain, this mutant does not produce patulin but accumulates high levels of E-ascladiol with few traces of Z-ascladiol. This confirms that patE encodes the patulin synthase involved in the conversion of E-ascladiol to patulin. After purification, cytotoxicities of patulin and E- and Z-ascladiol were investigated on human cell lines from liver, kidney, intestine, and immune system. Patulin was cytotoxic for these four cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. By contrast, both E- and Z-ascladiol were devoid of cytotoxicity. Microarray analyses on human intestinal cells treated with patulin and E-ascladiol showed that the latter, unlike patulin, did not alter the whole human transcription. These results demonstrate that E- and Z-ascladiol are not toxic and therefore patulin detoxification strategies leading to the accumulation of ascladiol are good approaches to limit the patulin risk.

Published
2016
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28. A functional msbB acyltransferase of Photorhabdus luminescens, required for secondary lipid a acylation in gram-negative bacteria, confers resistance to anti-microbial peptides

Author

Z. Abi Khattar, Alain Givaudan, Sophie Gaudriault, Department of biology, Faculty of sciences, section II, Lebanese University [Beirut], Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Gram-negative bacteria, Lipopolysaccharide, biology, génomique comparative, Mutant, lipid A acylation antimicrobial peptides, biology.organism_classification, Photorhabdus luminescens, Microbiology, Lipid A, Klebsiella pneumoniae, diversité des populations, chemistry.chemical_compound, genetique des populations, Biochemistry, chemistry, msbB gene, Acyltransferase, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bacterial outer membrane, Photorhabdus
Abstract

Lipid A is a potent endotoxin, and its fatty acids (lauric, myristic, and sometimes palmitic acid) anchors lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria. The highly anionic charge of the glucosamine lipid A moiety makes the LPS a powerful attractant for cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are major component of innate immunity that kill bacteria by permeabilization of lipid bilayers. Secondary lipid A acylation of Klebsiella pneumoniae, involving the acyltransferase LpxM (formally, msbB or WaaN) that acylates (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IV-A with myristate during lipid A biosynthesis, has been associated with bacterial resistance to AMPs contributing to virulence in animal models. We investigated here the role of the msbB gene of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens in AMP resistance, by functional complementation of the AMP susceptible K. pneumoniae lpxM mutant with the P. luminescens msbB gene. We showed that msbB (lpxM) gene of P. luminescens is able to enhance polymyxin B, colistin and cecropin A resistance of K. pneumoniae lpxM mutant, compared to the non-complemented mutant. However, we could not obtain any msbB mutant of Photorhabdus by performing allelic exchange experiments based on positive selection of sucrose highly resistant mutants. We thus suggest that msbB-mediated Photorhabdus lipid A acylation is essential for outer membrane low-permeability and that modification of lipid A composition, fluidity and osmosis-resistance have an important role in the ability of Photorhabdus to grow in sucrose at high concentrations.

Published
2016
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29. Krüppel-like factor 4: A new potential biomarker of lung cancer

Author

Joseph Hadchity, Marie Claude Fadous-Khalifé, Majida Jalbout, Georges Aftimos, Nijez Aloulou, François Paris, Elie Hadchity, Anti-tumor therapeutic targeting Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Notre Dame de Secours University Hospital, Immunogenetic Pathology Laboratory, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Department of Surgery, Sainte Thérèse Hospital, National Institute of Pathology, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Bernardo, Elizabeth, and Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University] | Faculté des Sciences [Université Libanaise]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Disease, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, stomatognathic system, Internal medicine, medicine, Lung cancer, Lung, Oncogene, Cancer, Krüppel-like factor 4, Articles, medicine.disease, Molecular medicine, 3. Good health, respiratory tract diseases, lung cancer, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, KLF4, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry, prognostic marker
Abstract

International audience; Lung cancer is most prevalent human cancer worldwide. However, no molecular markers are currently available for predicting lung cancer prognosis. Therefore, identifying novel biomarkers may be useful for improving clinical diagnosis and patient stratification. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor with opposing roles in different human cancers. Its overexpression in several cancers is correlated with a poor prognosis. However, the expression and role of KLF4 in lung cancer remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of KLF4 expression in different types of lung cancer. The KLF4 protein expression level was tested and evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis in 47 lung tumors and normal tissues, and then correlated with clinical characteristics. A differential expression of KLF4 was observed between normal tissue and each of the lung cancer types. A significant decrease in KLF4 expression was observed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with that in normal tissue, while significant overexpression was detected in small-cell lung cancer. Furthermore, a higher rate of expression was observed in stage II, III and IV disease compared with stage I disease in NSCLC tissues. KLF4 expression was not found to be associated with age or gender. Our results suggested that the KLF4 protein level may be a potential biomarker in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Published
2016
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30. Geochemical and petrographic analyses of new petroleum source rocks from the onshore Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon

Author

François Baudin, Sibelle Maksoud, Ralf Littke, Layla El Hajj, Fadi H. Nader, Dany Azar, Raymond Gèze, Paléoenvironnemements Paléoclimats, Bassins (ISTEP-PPB), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch]-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Total organic carbon, 020209 energy, Stratigraphy, Maceral, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Palynofacies, Petrography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fuel Technology, chemistry, Source rock, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Kerogen, Economic Geology, Organic matter, Alginite, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; The recent interest in the Lebanese petroleum potential led to new studies mainly concerning marine petroleum source rocks, without taking in consideration the dysodiles and other associated facies from the Upper Jurassic and the Lower Cretaceous. These organic-rich outcrops of metric thickness (max. 3 m) are of limited lateral extension and often found next to volcanic deposits. Sixty-three samples were collected from 25 different localities, and were subdivided into three facies that are presented in this paper: (i) dysodiles formed by the superposition of millimetric layers that are easy to separate; (ii) dysodiles-like with distinct, but more compacted layers; (iii) non-dysodiles where the layering is not visible. The aim of this work is to assess the origin of these organic-rich rocks, and to evaluate their source rock potential. We used herein Rock-Eval pyrolysis, elemental analysis, palynofacies observation, organic petrography and molecular geochemical analyses. Rock-Eval pyrolysis reveals a very good to excellent source-rock potential for all above cited rock types, with average total organic carbon (TOC) of 14 ± 7% for the dysodiles, 19 ± 12% for the dysodiles-like and 13 ± 9% for the non-dysodiles. Hydrogen index (HI) and oxygen index (OI) values indicate a type I to II kerogen for the dysodiles (average HI = 649 ± 162 mg HC/g TOC), type I to II kerogen for the dysodiles-like (average HI = 340 ± 182 mg HC/g TOC) and type III kerogen for the non-dysodiles (average HI = 145 ± 42 mg HC/g TOC). The dominance of fluorescent amorphous organic matter (AOM) and alginite macerals confirm an algal/bacterial source of organic matter for the dysodiles. The presence of opaque AOM, phytoclasts, sporinites and cutinites macerals, suggests a variable terrestrial organic matter input for the dysodiles-like and non-dysodiles. Maturity parameters such as Tmax values (on average 428 ± 7 °C for dysodiles, 429 ± 6 °C for dysodiles-like and 424 ± 10 °C for non-dysodiles), vitrinite reflectance (1) indicate that the organic matter is still thermally immature. The present study sheds light on the long forgotten dysodile shales and similar material, and their importance as potential source rocks or oil shales. A comparison with local and regional source rocks is provided in order to emphasize the specific character of the dysodile deposits.

Published
2019
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31. Physics-Based Simulations of Flow and Fire Development Downstream of a Canopy

Author

Nicolas Frangieh, Dominique Morvan, Khalid Moinuddin, Duncan Sutherland, Ibrahim Shamseddine, Gilbert Accary, Sofiane Meradji, Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Victoria University [Melbourne], Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Planetary boundary layer, physics-based model, Flow (psychology), Firefighting, lcsh:QC851-999, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Atmospheric sciences, Large Eddy Simulation, 01 natural sciences, Wind speed, fire spread, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], canopy, 040101 forestry, Tree canopy, Turbulence, Prescribed burn, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, 13. Climate action, grassland fire, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Large eddy simulation
Abstract

The behavior of a grassland fire propagating downstream of a forest canopy has been simulated numerically using the fully physics-based wildfire model FIRESTAR3D. This configuration reproduces quite accurately the situation encountered when a wildfire spreads from a forest to an open grassland, as can be the case in a fuel break or a clearing, or during a prescribed burning operation. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the impact of the presence of a canopy upstream of a grassfire, especially the modifications of the local wind conditions before and inside a clearing or a fuel break. The knowledge of this kind of information constitutes a major element in improving the safety conditions of forest managers and firefighters in charge of firefighting or prescribed burning operations in such configurations. Another objective was to study the behavior of the fire under realistic turbulent flow conditions, i.e., flow resulting from the interaction between an atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) with a surrounding canopy. Therefore, the study was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of generating an ABL/canopy turbulent flow above a pine forest (10 m high, 200 m long) using periodic boundary conditions along the streamwise direction. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were carried out for a sufficiently long time to achieve a quasi-fully developed turbulence. The second phase consisted of simulating the propagation of a surface fire through a grassland, bordered upstream by a forest section (having the same characteristics used for the first step), while imposing the turbulent flow obtained from the first step as a dynamic inlet condition to the domain. The simulations were carried out for a wind speed that ranged between 1 and 12 m/s, these values have allowed the simulations to cover the two regimes of propagation of surfaces fires, namely plume-dominated and wind-driven fires.

Published
2020
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32. A rigorous derivation of the extended KdV equation

Author

M. Berjawi, T. ElArwadi, S. Israwi, Beirut Arab University [Beyrouth, Liban] (BAU), Department of Mathematics [Beirut], Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Physics, History, Nonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems, 010102 general mathematics, 0103 physical sciences, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0101 mathematics, Korteweg–de Vries equation, 010301 acoustics, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, Education, Mathematical physics
Abstract

The interesting background and historical development of KdV equations were discussed widely. These equations describe the propagation of water waves in weakly non linear and weakly dispersive medium. Referring to physical derivation of KdV equations, scientists used to impose shallow water equations, thus the formal or physical derivation of KdV equations. However, these equations have rarely been derived rigorously. The aim of this paper is to giving insight into their rigorous mathematical derivation, instead of only referring to. Thereby, a rigorous derivation of two extended KdV equations: one on the velocity, other on the surface elevation. With this aim in mind, the primary research method for this paper will depend on the definition of consistency. Hence, a rigorous justification of new extended KdV equations will be provided thanks to this definition. This result provides a precise mathematical answer to a question raised by several authors in the last years, that is the verification of the extended KdV equations, derived previously, using formal methods.

Published
2020
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33. Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil of Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss. from Lebanon, Assessed by Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Common Component and Specific Weight Analysis (CCSWA)

Author

Raviella Zgheib, Sylvain Chaillou, Naim Ouaini, Amine Kassouf, Marcello Iriti, Marc El-Beyrouthy, Didier Stien, Marco Leonti, Douglas N. Rutledge, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Holy-Spirit University of Kaslik [Jounieh], Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), PIERRE FABRE-EDF (EDF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut], Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], University of Milan, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS) -Lebanon, and Iriti, Marcello

Subjects
Time Factors, Origanum ehrenbergii, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, lcsh:Chemistry, Soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Origanum, Carvacrol, Lebanon, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Chemical composition, Spectroscopy, Principal Component Analysis, Geography, biology, Component (thermodynamics), Altitude, Specific weight, Discriminant Analysis, General Medicine, 6. Clean water, Computer Science Applications, Horticulture, independent component analysis, Composition (visual arts), chemical variability, Article, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Oils, Volatile, Desiccation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, essential oils, Essential oil, Chemotype, 010401 analytical chemistry, Organic Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, common component and specific weight analysis, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, origanum ehrenbergii
Abstract

Origanum ehrenbergii Boiss., an endemic plant to Lebanon, is widely acknowledged in Lebanese traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the drying method, region, and time of harvest on yield and chemical composition of O. ehrenbergii essential oils (EOs). Plants were harvested monthly throughout 2013 and 2014, from two different regions, Aabadiye and Qartaba, then dried using two drying methods: lyophilization and shade-drying at 4 &deg, C. EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. GC-MS data, combined with independent component analysis (ICA) and common component and specific weight analysis (CCSWA), showed that drying techniques, region of harvest, and soil composition have no effect on the chemical composition of O. ehrenbergii EOs. Of the factors analyzed, only harvesting time affected the EO composition of this species. High and stable amounts of carvacrol, associated with reliable antimicrobial activities, were detected in material harvested between March and October. EOs obtained from plants harvested in Aabadiye in January and February showed high amounts of thymoquinone, related to anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. The use of ICA and CCSWA was proven to be efficient, and allowed the development of a discriminant model for the classification of O. ehrenbergii chemotype and the determination of the best harvesting time.

Published
2019
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34. A Redundant Parallel Robotic Machining Tool: Design, Control and Real-Time Experiments

Author

François Pierrot, Hussein Saied, Clovis Francis, Ahmed Chemori, Maher El-Rafei, Micaël Michelin, Conception et commande de robots pour la manipulation (DEXTER), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), TECNALIA France, Tecnalia, This work has been supported by the ARPE ARROW project., Nabil Derbel, Jawhar Ghommam, and Quanmin Zhu

Subjects
Singularity analysis, 0209 industrial biotechnology, business.product_category, Machine tool, Kinematics, Computer science, PID controller, 02 engineering and technology, Workspace, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Computer Science::Robotics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Machining, Control theory, Control, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Motion planning, Anti-windup, Parallel manipulator, Dynamics, PID Feedforward, Control system, Robot, Redundant parallel robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business
Abstract

International audience; In this chapter, we present a machining device, named ARROW robot, designed with the architecture of a redundant parallel manipulator capable of executing five degrees-of-freedom in a large workspace. Machine-tools based on parallel robot development are considered a key technology of machining industries due to their favourable features such as high rigidity, good precision, high payload-to-weight ratio and high swiftness. The mechanism of ARROW robot isolates its workspace from any type of inside singularities allowing it to be more flexible and dynamic. An improved PID with computed feedforward controller is implemented on ARROW robot to perform real-time experiments of a machining task. The control system deals with antagonistic internal forces caused by redundancy through a regularization method, and achieves a stability conservation in case of actuators saturation. The results are evaluated using the root mean square error criteria over all the tracking trajectory confirming the high accuracy and good performance of ARROW robot in machining operations.

Published
2019
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35. Archaeal SF1 and SF2 Helicases

Author

Ziad Abdel-Razzak, Hala Chamieh, Marie Bouvier, Manon Batista, Béatrice Clouet d'Orval, Mirna Hajj, Samar El-Hamaoui, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires (LMGM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut], Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires - UMR5100 (LMGM), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
RNA metabolism, 0303 health sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Cellular functions, Helicase, RNA, Computational biology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, DNA metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, biology.protein, Bacteria, DNA, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Archaea
Abstract

Archaea, the third domain of life, are significant microorganism models in understanding fundamental aspects of molecular biology. Since the archaeal informational system shares many eukaryal features, structure–function studies using Archaea as models have largely contributed to our understanding of many eukaryotic cellular processes. Helicases of superfamilies 1 (SF1) and 2 (SF2) have been shown to be of major importance in RNA and DNA metabolism in Eukarya and in Bacteria. In Archaea, the cellular functions of these enzymes remain dispersed and only few members were characterized. In this chapter, we review our knowledge on the archaeal SF1 and SF2 helicases. We focus on phylogenomic studies that revealed archaeal helicase families and give insights into their respective biochemical and structural properties. Finally, we raise the question of the mode of actions of these helicases in archaeal DNA and RNA metabolism.

Published
2019
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36. Two-Line Technique for Dielectric Material Characterization with Application in 3D-Printing Filament Electrical Parameters Extraction

Author

Mohammed Al-Husseini, Fabien Ndagijimana, Franck Mbango Moukanda, Jalal Jomaah, Ali Al Takach, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Beirut Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut], Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Extraction (chemistry), [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 3D printing, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Condensed Matter Physics, Line (electrical engineering), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Characterization (materials science), Protein filament, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

WOS:000489148200020; International audience

Published
2019
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37. Numerical simulation of grassland fires behavior using an implicit physical multiphase model

Author

Sofiane Meradji, Oleg Bessonov, Nicolas Frangieh, Dominique Morvan, Gilbert Accary, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), institute for Problems in Mechanics [Moscow], Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), ANR-10-EQPX-0029,EQUIP@MESO,Equipement d'excellence de calcul intensif de Mesocentres coordonnés - Tremplin vers le calcul petaflopique et l'exascale(2010), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, turbulent reactive flows, Full scale, General Physics and Astronomy, Poison control, Terrain, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Homogenization (chemistry), Wind speed, Control volume, law.invention, 33 high performance computing 34, fire modeling, law, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 14. Life underwater, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 040101 forestry, Computer simulation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, Ignition system, Grassland fires, numerical simulation, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; 12 This study reports 3D numerical simulations of the ignition and the propagation of 13 grassland fires. The mathematical model is based on a multiphase formulation and on a 14 homogenization approach that consists in averaging the conservation equations (mass, 15 momentum, energy …) governing the evolution of variables representing the state of the 16 vegetation/atmosphere system, inside a control volume containing both the solid-17 vegetation phase and the surrounding gaseous phase. This preliminary operation results 18 in the introduction of source/sink additional terms representing the interaction between 19 the gaseous phase and the solid-fuel particles. This study was conducted at large scale in 20 grassland because it represents the scale at which the behavior of the fire front presents 21 most similarities with full scale wildfires and also because of the existence of a large 22 number of relatively well controlled experiments performed in Australia and in the 23 United States. The simulations were performed for a tall grass, on a flat terrain, and for 24 six values of the 10-m open wind speed ranged between 1 and 12 m/s. The results are in 25 fairly good agreement with experimental data, with the predictions of operational 26 empirical and semi-empirical models, such as the McArthur model (MK5) in Australia and 27 the Rothermel model (BEHAVE) in USA, as well as with the predictions of other fully 3D 28 physical fire models (FIRETEC and WFDS). The comparison with the literature was 29 mainly based on the estimation of the rate of fire spread (ROS) and of the fire intensity, 30 as well as on the analysis of the fire-front shape. 31 32

Published
2018
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38. Front's dynamics of quasi-infinite grassland fires

Author

Frangieh, Nicolas, Accary, Gilbert, Meradji, Sofiane, Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), ANR-10-EQPX-0029,EQUIP@MESO,Equipement d'excellence de calcul intensif de Mesocentres coordonnés - Tremplin vers le calcul petaflopique et l'exascale(2010), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Fire dynamics, Grassland fire, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Numerical simulation, Physical model
Abstract

International audience; Numerical simulations of grassland fires were carried out to study the effects of the wind speed on the dynamics of the fire front. This study was performed using a detailed physical model based on a multiphase formulation, consisting in solving the balance equations (mass, momentum, energy ...) governing the behavior of the coupled system formed by the vegetation layer and the surrounding atmosphere. The objective of this study is to focus on the 3D interactions between a quasi-infinite fire front propagating through a homogeneous vegetation layer (a grassland) and an atmospheric boundary layer flow representing an idealized wind flow. The behavior of a surface fire results from the competition between the buoyant force of the thermal plume and the inertial force of the wind. In 3D, the interaction between these two forces is at the origin of the structuration of the fire front as a succession of peaks and troughs that modify the flames dynamics in a manner different to what can be observed in a simplified 2D assumption. To reproduce a quasi-infinite fire front, the numerical simulations were carried out using periodic boundary conditions along the two lateral sides of the computational domain. The numerical results highlights the 3D structuration of the fire both vertically and horizontally, and the significant effect of an increase of the wind velocity on the rate of spread (ROS) and on the fire intensity. Results also show that the correlation between Froude’s number (based on the fire-front structures characteristic-wavelength) and Byram’s number is the same at small scale (litter fires) and at large scale (grassland fires).

Published
2018

39. A 3D physical model to study the behavior of vegetation fires at laboratory scale

Author

Oleg Bessonov, Dominique Morvan, Sofiane Meradji, Gilbert Accary, Nicolas Frangieh, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scientific Research Center in Engineering (CRSI/LU), Faculty of Engineering [Lebanese University] (ULFG), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), institute for Problems in Mechanics [Moscow], Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), ANR-10-EQPX-0029,EQUIP@MESO,Equipement d'excellence de calcul intensif de Mesocentres coordonnés - Tremplin vers le calcul petaflopique et l'exascale(2010), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Convection, Scale (ratio), General Physics and Astronomy, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Heat transfer coefficient, Atmospheric sciences, Combustion, 7. Clean energy, Wind speed, 0201 civil engineering, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Fire physics, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Wind tunnel, 040101 forestry, Forest fuel fire, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, Solid fuel, Detailed physical fire model, 13. Climate action, Heat transfer, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; A 3D multi-physical model referred to as “FireStar3D” has been developed in order to predict the behavior of wildfires at a local scale (

Published
2018
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40. A Proposed Methodology for Cyber Security Mechanism According to the Most Popular Detected Attacks for University Web Application

Author

Bassam Daya, Abd El Salam Al Hajjar, Pierre Chauvet, Abdel Karim Kassem, Lebanese University [Beirut], Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d'Angers (UA), Université Libanaise, and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Web server, Authentication, Computer science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Computer security, Strategic goal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Malware, Web application, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, The Internet, business, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mechanism (sociology), Hacker
Abstract

The electronic information in the internet network has become a complete part of our daily lives. All the companies, such as universities or schools or medical institutes and financial institutions use this kind of networks for their appropriate functioning. They use the network by gathering, treating, storing and sharing massive data. In this paper we discussed a case study of the UIT university web server concerning the mechanism of security enhancement of its website and we provide a security services and mechanism that protects and helps any web application against malwares and other hacking attacks activities. Our strategic goal is to deliberate security suggestions that provide a solid barrier to all current and future abnormal threats.

Published
2018
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41. Observational evidence for active dust storms on Titan at equinox

Author

Clément Narteau, Roger N. Clark, Benjamin Charnay, T. Appéré, S. Courrech du Pont, Jason M. Soderblom, Thomas Cornet, B. J. Buratti, J. Bow, G. Vixie, Jasper F. Kok, Jason W. Barnes, Ralf Jaumann, Philip D. Nicholson, Mathieu Hirtzig, Pascal Rannou, S. Le Mouélic, Olivier Bourgeois, Jani Radebaugh, L. Maltagliati, Ralph D. Lorenz, Kevin H. Baines, Sebastien Rodriguez, Robert H. Brown, Christophe Sotin, Antoine Lucas, S. Rafkin, Caitlin A. Griffith, Katrin Stephan, Athena Coustenis, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), Christ University, Bangalore, India, Department of Space Studies [Boulder], Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), University of Arizona, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geological Sciences [BYU], Brigham Young University (BYU), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de spectrométrie moléculaire et atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), Department of Planetary Sciences [Tucson], University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University], Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), John Innes Centre [Norwich], Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de physique moléculaire optique et hertzienne (CPMOH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut], Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC)

Subjects
Haze, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Equator, Equinox, 01 natural sciences, Methane, Astrobiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, dust storm, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [MATH]Mathematics [math], [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Storm, Planetengeologie, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], symbols, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Aeolian processes, Cassini, Titan, Titan (rocket family)
Abstract

Saturn’s moon Titan has a dense nitrogen-rich atmosphere, with methane as its primary volatile. Titan’s atmosphere experiences an active chemistry that produces a haze of organic aerosols that settle to the surface and a dynamic climate in which hydrocarbons are cycled between clouds, rain and seas. Titan displays particularly energetic meteorology at equinox in equatorial regions, including sporadic and large methane storms. In 2009 and 2010, near Titan’s northern spring equinox, the Cassini spacecraft observed three distinctive and short-lived spectral brightenings close to the equator. Here, we show from analyses of Cassini spectral data, radiative transfer modelling and atmospheric simulations that the brightenings originate in the atmosphere and are consistent with formation from dust storms composed of micrometre-sized solid organic particles mobilized from underlying dune fields. Although the Huygens lander found evidence that dust can be kicked up locally from Titan’s surface, our findings suggest that dust can be suspended in Titan’s atmosphere at much larger spatial scale. Mobilization of dust and injection into the atmosphere would require dry conditions and unusually strong near-surface winds (about five times more than estimated ambient winds). Such strong winds are expected to occur in downbursts during rare equinoctial methane storms—consistent with the timing of the observed brightenings. Our findings imply that Titan—like Earth and Mars—has an active dust cycle, which suggests that Titan’s dune fields are actively evolving by aeolian processes. Saturn’s moon Titan may have an active dust cycle in equatorial regions driven by storm winds, Cassini observations consistent with dust suspension in Titan’s atmosphere suggest.

Published
2018
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42. Climatic and environmental impact of Pleistocene-Holocene transition in southern Caspian Sea. Study ofmicrofaunal remains from Ali-Tappeh cave, Iran

Author

Arbez, Louis, Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Darvish, Jamshid, Chahoud, Jwana, Fathi, Homa, Biglari, Fereidoun, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), University of Mashad, Iran, Lebanese University [Beirut], University of Tehran, National Museum of Iran, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; Caspian south-east seashore is currently characterized by a humid plain rimed by sea in the North and Albroz mountains in the south, which isolate this region from the rest of the Iranian Plateau. It is located at the crossroad between Iran, Turkmenistan, and considered as a biodiversity hotspot because of it specific environment and climatic conditions. Palaeoenvironmental and archaeological history of this region during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition is documented by four different archaeological sites, Hotu and Belt Caves excavated in 1949 and 1951 respectively, Ali Tappeh excavated in 1963 and Komishan excavated in 2003 and 2009. All these sites show very heterogeneous faunal assemblages characteristic of both steppic (Gazelles, Saiga tatarica, Equus hemiones, Spermophilus fulvus) and more forested environments (Sus scrofa, Cervus elaphus, Bos primigenius). Moreover, the impact of Caspian Sea fluctuations,known thanks to specific geological features,is also visible in faunal recordswith an important number of sea birds and seals during periods of high sea level. But so far no study focused on microfaunal remains recovered in those excavations except a recent ongoing work on spermophiles. The present work aims to compare the evolution of both large and small mammals’ communities from Ali Tappeh in order to preciseclimatic and environmental changes during Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Taxonomic and taphonomic studies were carried out in order to determine the assemblage’s origin, and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions were performed using indices such as the Habitat Weighting, the Taxonomic Habitat Index and correspondence analyses.

Published
2018

43. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and fractionation of lipids from freeze-dried microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and Chlorella vulgaris

Author

Nicholas Beaufils, Pierre-Yves Pontalier, Ali Ismail, Sara Obeid, Hosni Takache, Séverine Camy, Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Lebanese University - LU (LEBANON), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Lebanese University [Beirut], and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
020209 energy, Chlorella vulgaris, Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, 02 engineering and technology, Fractionation, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glycolipid, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Nannochloropsis oculata, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Solid phase extraction, Génie des procédés, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Supercritical carbon dioxide, Chromatography, Ethanol, Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Yield (chemistry), lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Agronomy and Crop Science, Neutral lipids
Abstract

International audience; This study deals with the selective extraction of neutral lipids from microalgae. We investigated the consequences of bypassing cell-wall disintegration before supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Different operating parameters (use of co-solvent, pressure, and time) were tested on freeze-dried Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata. The solid phase extraction technique (SPE) was used throughout the extraction process to assess variations in the yield of liberated neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. Under operating conditions, 97% of neutral lipids were extracted from C. vulgaris using ethanol (10% v/v) as co-solvent. Neutral lipids from N. oculata represented most of the extracts (83%), whereas the proportion of glycolipids and phospholipids did not exceed 12.1% and 5.3%, respectively. Microscopic observation showed that cell wall integrity was maintained during the extraction process.

Published
2018
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44. Removal of Toluene over NaX Zeolite Exchanged with Cu2+

Author

Romero, Douglas, Chlala, Dayan, Labaki, Madona, Royer, Sébastien, Bellat, Jean-Pierre, Bezverkhyy, Igor, Giraudon, Jean-Marc, Lamonier, Jean-François, ENSCL, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS) - UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 [UCCS], Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Matériaux [LCPM], Lebanese University [Beirut] [LU], Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [ICB], Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Matériaux (LCPM), Université Libanaise, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, adsorption, VOC, copper, toluene, lcsh:TP1-1185, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, zeolite, lcsh:Chemical technology, catalytic oxidation
Abstract

International audience; Toluene is a major air pollutant emitted from painting and metal coating processes and might have some health effects. Adsorption and catalytic complete oxidation are promising ways to retain or convert toluene into harmless products. The present work aims to develop a bifunctional material which can be used as an adsorbent and catalyst for low-temperature toluene removal. Copper zeolites were obtained by exchanging the sodium in the parent NaX zeolite with copper from aqueous solutions of Cu(NO3)2∙2.5H2O. Several characterization techniques, H2-TPR, XPS, XRD and N2 physisorption, were used in order to evaluate the redox, surface, structural and textural properties of the materials, respectively. The various materials were tested in adsorption and catalytic processes. The sample with low copper content (1 wt. %) exhibited promising features in terms of toluene adsorption capacity and total oxidation. The results can be correlated to the presence of micropores and well-dispersed CuO species.

Published
2015
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45. Solid Phase Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides Residues in Groundwater (Akkar Plain, North Lebanon)

Author

El-Osmani, R., Sopheak NET, Dumoulin, D., Baroudi, M., Bakkour, H., Ouddane, B., Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Faculté de Santé Publique Section III - Tripoli, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Géosystèmes - UMR 8217, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Water & Environment Science Laboratory, Faculty of Public Health [Lebanese University] (FSP III), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)-Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Laboratoire Géosystèmes - Equipe Chimie Analytique et Marine

Subjects
HLB, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, organochlorine, SPE, GC-MS, Lebanon, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Groundwater, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Due to the uncensored use of pesticides in the agricultural regions of Lebanon, the contamination risks of drinking water by organic residues increase periodically in planting seasons. No previous work have been considered in North Lebanon plain concerning pesticide pollution though it is the second agricultural zone in Lebanon with an excessive activity. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the contamination and to map the pollution level of groundwater by organochlorine pesticides in Northern Lebanon. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge embedded with Hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced (HLB) copolymer were used for the isolation and trace enrichment of pesticide from water samples followed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to quantify pesticide concentrations. The levels of organochlorine pesticide recorded in groundwater of Akkar district exceeded the limits set by the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants with total amounts that can reach 14.2 μg/L. Contamination was also found to be more important inland with the frequent presence of banned pesticide such HCH isomers, 4,4’-DDT, aldrin and endrin. Appropriate remedial measures and systematic investigation of Organochlorine residues in water resources of the AKKAR district are necessary to check further aggravation of the situation.

Published
2018

46. Fennel oil and by-products seed characterization and their potential applications

Author

Zeinab Saad, Thierry Talou, Muriel Cerny, Akram Hijazi, Hussein Kanaan, Ali Chokr, Bouchra Sayed Ahmad, Othmane Merah, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Lebanese University [Beirut], Pathogenèse des légionelles- Legionella pathogenesis, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Pathogenèse des légionelles- Legionella pathogenesis (LegioPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Lebanese University - LU (LEBANON), Laboratory of Microbiology (Beirut, Lebanon), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Foeniculum, Bio-refining concept, Biomass, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 12. Responsible consumption, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Antioxidant activity, law, Food science, Fennel Oil, Moisturizing cream, Essential oil, 2. Zero hunger, Petroselinic acid, biology, Chemistry, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Biotechnology, Vegetable oil, Residual by-products, business, Fennel seeds, Agronomy and Crop Science, Sciences agricoles, Renewable resource
Abstract

International audience; The implementation of renewable resources in the industrial production processes appears to be the most effective way to achieve sustainable development. However, in order to tackle the key issues of shifting to renewable resources, a full exploitation of biomass resources and efficient utilization of complex organic macromolecules and also other chemical constituents such as antioxidants in bio-refinery system will be crucial. In this regard, fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds could be a promising bio-resource with significant interest as a rich source of both vegetable oil (VO) and essential oil (EO), in addition to rare phytochemicals. Thus, in the present paper, a trans-disciplinary assessment of a new bio-refinery process from fennel seeds was established: the development of an integrated valorization of fennel seeds, allowing the extraction of VO and EO and their exploitation in cosmetic applications as well as the valorization of residual by-products as a source of biologically active compounds, these processes constituted the basis of this bio-refinery concept. Laboratory obtained results and pilot-scale levels with fennel seeds reported extraction of high yield of both VO and EO (19.8% and 1.8%, respectively) with significant amounts of valuable components, petroselinic acid and trans-anethole (74.8% and 70.7%, respectively). Further, the valorization of these oils as functional ingredients in moisturizing cream formulas showed a positive impact on the overall emulsions structure and quality. Next to this, fennel oilseeds by-products exhibited a remarkable antioxidant potential with high phenols and flavonoids contents and exhibited good antimicrobial properties depending on the extract type. These promising findings are of great economic interest as they can lead to a wild range of novel, bio-based industrial applications from fennel seeds.

Published
2018
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47. On the Coexistence of Broadcast and Unicast Networks for the Transmission of Video Services Using Stochastic Geometry

Author

Shokair, Ahmad, Nasser, Youssef, Bazzi, Oussama, Hélard, Jean-François, Crussière, Matthieu, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Electronics, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes ( IETR ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lebanese University [Beirut], and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, hybrid networks, [ SPI.OTHER ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, stochastic geometry, cast networks, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Access network cooperation, Mobile TV, LTE, broadband networks, network, broad, broadcast networks, planning, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, network planning, DVB-T2
Abstract

International audience; —Following the increasing growth in the demand on mobile TV, hybrid broadcast/broadband networks emerged as a suitable approach to overtake the challenges introduced by each network separately in order to enhance users' experience. This paper presents two possible scenarios for a hybrid, spatially separated, broadcast/broadband network to offer mobile TV linear services for the end users. Namely, the first scenario is based on shared spectrum access for both networks while the second one proposes a dedicated spectrum. Using a stochastic geometry approach, the paper derives analytical formulations for both the probability of coverage and ergodic capacity. These formulations are then used to optimize the hybrid network in terms of its key design parameters including the Broadcast (BC) coverage radii, the Broadband (BB) Base Stations' (BS) density, and user satisfaction given in terms of spectral capacity. The results have shown that an optimal BC radius maximizing the probability of coverage and capacity exists and it depends on the BS density of the BB network. Other design parameters have been provided and analyzed leading to an optimal network deployment. To the best of the author's knowledge, this paper presents a first reference work dealing with the optimization of the hybrid network with the coexistence of broadband and broadcast networks, from stochastic geometry perspective, taking into account the inter-cell interference.

Published
2018

48. Evaluation of Nutritional and Technological Attributes of Whole Wheat Based Bread Fortified with Chia Flour

Author

Martins Sabovics, Zanda Kruma, Othmane Merah, Akram Hijazi, Thierry Talou, Evita Straumite, Zeinab Saad, Bouchra Sayed-Ahmad, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, Lebanese University [Beirut], University of Latvia (LU), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Lebanese University - LU (LEBANON), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Latvia (LATVIA), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Health (social science), Fortification, Ingénierie des aliments, Wheat gluten, Whole wheat bread, Plant Science, Sensory profile, lcsh:Chemical technology, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Microbiology, Article, Chia cake, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Antioxidant activity, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, lcsh:TP1-1185, Food science, Bread making, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, Nutritional content, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Chia seed, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Wheat bread, Whole wheat, 040401 food science, Bread quality, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of wheat bread fortification with varied levels (2%, 4%, and 6%) of chia seed powder (full fat) and cakes (defatted, residue after oil extraction). Chia flour was added to whole wheat bread rich in vital wheat gluten for the first time. The breadcrumbs were assessed for their antioxidant activity, nutritional content, textural properties, color, and sensory profiles. The addition of chia seed powder, particularly in high levels, was more effective in improving antioxidant activity compared to bread fortified with chia cakes. Bread supplementation with chia flour improves its nutritional value, especially in the case of chia cakes. A higher moisture content and lower hardness were observed after bread fortification, the influence was more evident with the defatted cake than with seed powder. Fortification with chia flour led to darker breads without significantly affecting their global acceptability. However, the fortified bread showed better values than control in terms of sensory profile. These results suggest that the addition of chia seed powder and defatted cake can enhance the overall whole wheat bread quality. Our results also highlight that bread making could be an unconventional alternative for the exploitation of defatted chia seed.

Published
2018
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49. Determination of the optimal number of components in independent components analysis

Author

Douglas N. Rutledge, Amine Kassouf, Delphine Jouan-Rimbaud Bouveresse, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ii, Lebanese University [Beirut], Université Paris-Saclay, Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies (EDST) in the Lebanese University, Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie - Middle East office, and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Complex data type, Random_ICA, Chemistry, Generalization, Optimal number, Computation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010401 analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Latent variable, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Residual, KMO_ICA_Residuals, Independent components analysis (ICA), 01 natural sciences, Blind signal separation, Independent component analysis, Data matrix (multivariate statistics), 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, ICA_corr_y, Validation, 0210 nano-technology, Algorithm
Abstract

Independent components analysis (ICA) may be considered as one of the most established blind source separation techniques for the treatment of complex data sets in analytical chemistry. Like other similar methods, the determination of the optimal number of latent variables, in this case, independent components (ICs), is a crucial step before any modeling. Therefore, validation methods are required in order to decide about the optimal number of ICs to be used in the computation of the final model. In this paper, three new validation methods are formally presented. The first one, called Random_ICA, is a generalization of the ICA_by_blocks method. Its specificity resides in the random way of splitting the initial data matrix into two blocks, and then repeating this procedure several times, giving a broader perspective for the selection of the optimal number of ICs. The second method, called ICMO_ICA_Residuals is based on the computation of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index of the transposed residual matrices obtained after progressive extraction of ICs. The third method, called ICA_corr_y, helps to select the optimal number of ICs by computing the correlations between calculated proportions and known physico-chemical information about samples, generally concentrations, or between a source signal known to be present in the mixture and the signals extracted by ICA. These three methods were tested using varied simulated and experimental data sets and compared, when necessary, to ICA_by_blocks. Results were relevant and in line with expected ones, proving the reliability of the three proposed methods.

Published
2018
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50. Protein Bread Fortification with Cumin and Caraway Seeds and By-Product Flour

Author

Zanda Kruma, Zeinab Saad, Bouchra Sayed Ahmad, Othmane Merah, Akram Hijazi, Evita Straumite, Martins Sabovics, Thierry Talou, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Lebanese University - LU (LEBANON), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Latvia (LATVIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Latvia (LU), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Merah, Othmane, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cuminum, Health (social science), Cumin, caraway, cumin, bread quality, by-products, radical scavenging activity, total phenolic, Fortification, By-products, Plant Science, Antioxidant potential, lcsh:Chemical technology, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Microbiology, Article, Radical scavenging activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, By-product, lcsh:TP1-1185, Food science, Developing regions, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Total phenolic, biology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Bread quality, Food waste, Carum carvi, Alimentation et Nutrition, Caraway, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Malnutrition continues to be a key health problem in developing regions. The valorization of food waste appears as an ideal way to prevent malnutrition and improve people’s access to food. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and caraway (Carum carvi L.) oilseeds are commonly used for cuisine and medicinal purposes. However, remaining cakes after oil extraction are usually underutilized. In order to assess the usefulness of these by-products in food applications, this study investigated the effect of their addition to protein bread formulations. Different levels (2, 4 and 6%) of whole seeds and cakes flour were used in the study. Fortified protein bread samples were compared to control protein bread and evaluated for their sensory, color, moisture, hardness properties, nutritional values as well as their biological activity. Results indicated that bread fortification shows a significant effect on bread properties depending on fortification level. A higher acceptability was observed specially for bread fortified with by-products flour. Increased tendencies of color darkness, moisture content, bread hardness, nutritional values as well as total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity compared to control bread were observed as the percentage of fortification increased in both cases. The overall results showed that the addition of cumin and caraway seeds and by-product flour can improve the antioxidant potential and overall quality of protein bread.

Published
2018
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