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11 results on '"Leberecht, Martin"'

1. Nature 4.0: A networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring.

Author

Zeuss, Dirk, Bald, Lisa, Gottwald, Jannis, Becker, Marcel, Bellafkir, Hicham, Bendix, Jörg, Bengel, Phillip, Beumer, Larissa T., Brandl, Roland, Brändle, Martin, Dahlke, Stephan, Farwig, Nina, Freisleben, Bernd, Friess, Nicolas, Heidrich, Lea, Heuer, Sven, Höchst, Jonas, Holzmann, Hajo, Lampe, Patrick, and Leberecht, Martin

Subjects
BIODIVERSITY monitoring, ECOSYSTEM management, DETECTORS, MODULAR construction, ENVIRONMENTAL degradation, SENSOR networks, WIRELESS sensor networks, DATA warehousing
Abstract

Ecosystem functions and services are severely threatened by unprecedented global loss in biodiversity. To counteract these trends, it is essential to develop systems to monitor changes in biodiversity for planning, evaluating, and implementing conservation and mitigation actions. However, the implementation of monitoring systems suffers from a trade‐off between grain (i.e., the level of detail), extent (i.e., the number of study sites), and temporal repetition. Here, we present an applied and realized networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring in the Nature 4.0 project as a solution to these challenges, which considers plants and animals not only as targets of investigation, but also as parts of the modular sensor network by carrying sensors. Our networked sensor system consists of three main closely interlinked components with a modular structure: sensors, data transmission, and data storage, which are integrated into pipelines for automated biodiversity monitoring. We present our own real‐world examples of applications, share our experiences in operating them, and provide our collected open data. Our flexible, low‐cost, and open‐source solutions can be applied for monitoring individual and multiple terrestrial plants and animals as well as their interactions. Ultimately, our system can also be applied to area‐wide ecosystem mapping tasks, thereby providing an exemplary cost‐efficient and powerful solution for biodiversity monitoring. Building upon our experiences in the Nature 4.0 project, we identified ten key challenges that need to be addressed to better understand and counteract the ongoing loss of biodiversity using networked sensor systems. To tackle these challenges, interdisciplinary collaboration, additional research, and practical solutions are necessary to enhance the capability and applicability of networked sensor systems for researchers and practitioners, ultimately further helping to ensure the sustainable management of ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Climate Change Impairs Nitrogen Cycling in European Beech Forests

Author

Dannenmann, Michael, Bimüller, Carolin, Gschwendtner, Silvia, Leberecht, Martin, Tejedor, Javier, Bilela, Silvija, Gasche, Rainer, Hanewinkel, Marc, Baltensweiler, Andri, Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid, Polle, Andrea, Schloter, Michael, Simon, Judy, and Rennenberg, Heinz

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Composite Particles, Hot Temperature, Climate, Glutamine, lcsh:Medicine, Plant Science, Forests, Biochemistry, Plant Roots, Trees, Soil, Isotopes, Mycorrhizae, Fagus, ddc:550, Amino Acids, lcsh:Science, Climatology, Organic Compounds, Physics, Plant Anatomy, Acidic Amino Acids, Chemical Reactions, Nitrogen Cycle, Plants, Nitrification, Droughts, Europe, Chemistry, Physical Sciences, Oxidoreductases, Oxidation-Reduction, Research Article, Fine Roots, Atoms, Nitrogen, Climate Change, Beeches, Ammonia, ddc:570, Computer Simulation, Particle Physics, lcsh:R, Organic Chemistry, fungi, Organisms, Chemical Compounds, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Climate change, Seedlings, Fine roots, Earth sciences, Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q
Abstract

European beech forests growing on marginal calcareous soils have been proposed to be vulnerable to decreased soil water availability. This could result in a large-scale loss of ecological services and economical value in a changing climate. In order to evaluate the potential consequences of this drought-sensitivity, we investigated potential species range shifts for European beech forests on calcareous soil in the 21st century by statistical species range distribution modelling for present day and projected future climate conditions. We found a dramatic decline by 78% until 2080. Still the physiological or biogeochemical mechanisms underlying the drought sensitivity of European beech are largely unknown. Drought sensitivity of beech is commonly attributed to plant physiological constraints. Furthermore, it has also been proposed that reduced soil water availability could promote nitrogen (N) limitation of European beech due to impaired microbial N cycling in soil, but this hypothesis has not yet been tested. Hence we investigated the influence of simulated climate change (increased temperatures, reduced soil water availability) on soil gross microbial N turnover and plant N uptake in the beech-soil interface of a typical mountainous beech forest stocking on calcareous soil in SW Germany. For this purpose, triple 15N isotope labelling of intact beech seedling-soil-microbe systems was combined with a space-for-time climate change experiment. We found that nitrate was the dominant N source for beech natural regeneration. Reduced soil water content caused a persistent decline of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and therefore, a massive attenuation of gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability in the soil. Consequently, nitrate and total N uptake of beech seedlings were strongly reduced so that impaired growth of beech seedlings was observed already after one year of exposure to simulated climatic change. We conclude that the N cycle in this ecosystem and here specifically nitrification is vulnerable to reduced water availability, which can directly lead to nutritional limitations of beech seedlings. This tight link between reduced water availability, drought stress for nitrifiers, decreased gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability and finally nitrate uptake by beech seedlings could represent the Achilles' heel for beech under climate change stresses. peerReviewed

Published
2016

10. Climate Change Impairs Nitrogen Cycling in European Beech Forests

Author

Dannenmann, Michael, Bimüller, Carolin, Gschwendtner, Silvia, Leberecht, Martin, Tejedor, Javier, Bilela, Silvija, Gasche, Rainer, Hanewinkel, Marc, Baltensweiler, Andri, Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid, Polle, Andrea, Schloter, Michael, Simon, Judy, and Rennenberg, Heinz

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 13. Climate action, fungi, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water
Abstract

European beech forests growing on marginal calcareous soils have been proposed to be vulnerable to decreased soil water availability. This could result in a large-scale loss of ecological services and economical value in a changing climate. In order to evaluate the potential consequences of this drought-sensitivity, we investigated potential species range shifts for European beech forests on calcareous soil in the 21st century by statistical species range distribution modelling for present day and projected future climate conditions. We found a dramatic decline by 78% until 2080. Still the physiological or biogeochemical mechanisms underlying the drought sensitivity of European beech are largely unknown. Drought sensitivity of beech is commonly attributed to plant physiological constraints. Furthermore, it has also been proposed that reduced soil water availability could promote nitrogen (N) limitation of European beech due to impaired microbial N cycling in soil, but this hypothesis has not yet been tested. Hence we investigated the influence of simulated climate change (increased temperatures, reduced soil water availability) on soil gross microbial N turnover and plant N uptake in the beech-soil interface of a typical mountainous beech forest stocking on calcareous soil in SW Germany. For this purpose, triple 15N isotope labelling of intact beech seedling-soil-microbe systems was combined with a space-for-time climate change experiment. We found that nitrate was the dominant N source for beech natural regeneration. Reduced soil water content caused a persistent decline of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and therefore, a massive attenuation of gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability in the soil. Consequently, nitrate and total N uptake of beech seedlings were strongly reduced so that impaired growth of beech seedlings was observed already after one year of exposure to simulated climatic change. We conclude that the N cycle in this ecosystem and here specifically nitrification is vulnerable to reduced water availability, which can directly lead to nutritional limitations of beech seedlings. This tight link between reduced water availability, drought stress for nitrifiers, decreased gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability and finally nitrate uptake by beech seedlings could represent the Achilles’ heel for beech under climate change stresses.

11. Climate Change Impairs Nitrogen Cycling in European Beech Forests.

Author

Dannenmann M, Bimüller C, Gschwendtner S, Leberecht M, Tejedor J, Bilela S, Gasche R, Hanewinkel M, Baltensweiler A, Kögel-Knabner I, Polle A, Schloter M, Simon J, and Rennenberg H

Subjects
Climate, Computer Simulation, Droughts, Europe, Forests, Hot Temperature, Mycorrhizae growth & development, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidoreductases genetics, Soil chemistry, Ammonia metabolism, Climate Change, Fagus metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen Cycle physiology, Trees metabolism
Abstract

European beech forests growing on marginal calcareous soils have been proposed to be vulnerable to decreased soil water availability. This could result in a large-scale loss of ecological services and economical value in a changing climate. In order to evaluate the potential consequences of this drought-sensitivity, we investigated potential species range shifts for European beech forests on calcareous soil in the 21st century by statistical species range distribution modelling for present day and projected future climate conditions. We found a dramatic decline by 78% until 2080. Still the physiological or biogeochemical mechanisms underlying the drought sensitivity of European beech are largely unknown. Drought sensitivity of beech is commonly attributed to plant physiological constraints. Furthermore, it has also been proposed that reduced soil water availability could promote nitrogen (N) limitation of European beech due to impaired microbial N cycling in soil, but this hypothesis has not yet been tested. Hence we investigated the influence of simulated climate change (increased temperatures, reduced soil water availability) on soil gross microbial N turnover and plant N uptake in the beech-soil interface of a typical mountainous beech forest stocking on calcareous soil in SW Germany. For this purpose, triple 15N isotope labelling of intact beech seedling-soil-microbe systems was combined with a space-for-time climate change experiment. We found that nitrate was the dominant N source for beech natural regeneration. Reduced soil water content caused a persistent decline of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and therefore, a massive attenuation of gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability in the soil. Consequently, nitrate and total N uptake of beech seedlings were strongly reduced so that impaired growth of beech seedlings was observed already after one year of exposure to simulated climatic change. We conclude that the N cycle in this ecosystem and here specifically nitrification is vulnerable to reduced water availability, which can directly lead to nutritional limitations of beech seedlings. This tight link between reduced water availability, drought stress for nitrifiers, decreased gross nitrification rates and nitrate availability and finally nitrate uptake by beech seedlings could represent the Achilles' heel for beech under climate change stresses.

Published
2016
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