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2,521 results on '"Leblond P"'

1. Addressing Spatial Confounding in geostatistical regression models: An R-INLA approach

Author

Lamouroux, Jérémy, Geffroy, Alizée, Leblond, Sébastien, Meyer, Caroline, and Albert, Isabelle

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

1 - Spatial confounding is a phenomenon that has been studied extensively in recent years in the statistical literature to describe and mitigate apparent inconsistencies between the results obtained by regression models with and without random spatial effects. While the most common solutions target almost exclusively areal data or geostatistical data modelling by splines, we aim to extend some resolution methods in the context of geostatistical data modelling by Gaussian Markov Random Fields (GMRF) using R-INLA methodology. 2 - First, we present three approaches for alleviating spatial confounding: Restricted Spatial Regression (RSR), Spatial+, and its recent simplified version, called here Spatial+ 2.0. We show how each can be implemented from geostatistical data in a GMRF framework using R-inlabru. 3 - Next, a simulation study that reproduces a spatial confounding phenomenon is carried out to assess the coherence of the extensions with the expectations of these methods. Finally, we apply the expanded methods to a case study, linking cadmium (Cd) concentration in terrestrial mosses to Cd concentration in air. 4 - Our findings support the feasibility of our extended approach of spatial confounding resolution methods to geostatistical data using R-INLA in keeping with the previous contexts, although certain precautions and limitations must be considered., Comment: 39 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

2. An advection-diffusion-reaction model for stress propagation between two interconnected zones

Author

Khalil, Kamal and Ndzoumbou, Irmand Leblond Mikiela

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 34G20, 47D06
Abstract

In this work, we introduce a compartmental advection-diffusion network model to describe the propagation of stress in a population situated in two interconnected spatial zones during a disaster situation. The model accounts for interactions enabled by intrinsic transitions and imitations within each zone, as well as migrations between these zones. Using semigroup theory and abstract evolution equations, we prove the local existence, uniqueness, and regularity of the solutions. Additionally, we establish the positivity and $L^1$--boundedness of the solutions. Various numerical simulations are provided to illustrate different stress propagation scenarios, including the implementation of a local control strategy designed to minimize stress levels in a population facing a low-risk culture during a dangerous situation.

Published
2024

3. High-precision spectroscopy of $^{20}$O benchmarking ab-initio calculations in light nuclei

Author

Zanon, I., Clément, E., Goasduff, A., Menéndez, J., Miyagi, T., Assié, M., Ciemała, M., Flavigny, F., Lemasson, A., Matta, A., Ramos, D., Rejmund, M., Achouri, L., Ackermann, D., Barrientos, D., Beaumel, D., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Bottoni, S., Bracco, A., Brugnara, D., de France, G., de Sereville, N., Delaunay, F., Desesquelles, P., Didierjean, F., Domingo-Prato, C., Dudouet, J., Eberth, J., Fernández, D., Fougères, C., Gadea, A., Galtarossa, F., Girard-Alcindor, V., Gonzales, V., Gottardo, A., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S, Jungclaus, A., Kaşkaş, A., Kim, Y. H., Kuşoğlu, A., Labiche, M., Leblond, S., Lenain, C., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Li, H., Ljungvall, J., Lois-Fuentes, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Michelagnoli, C., Million, B., Napoli, D. R., Nyberg, J., Pasqualato, G., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Recchia, F., Regueira-Castro, D., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rojo, J. S., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., Siciliano, M., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Theisen, Ch., Utepov, A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Verney, D., and Zielinska, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The excited states of unstable $^{20}$O were investigated via $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy following the $^{19}$O$(d,p)^{20}$O reaction at 8 $A$MeV. By exploiting the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method, the lifetime of the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states were firmly established. From the $\gamma$-ray branching and E2/M1 mixing ratios for transitions deexciting the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states, the B(E2) and B(M1) were determined. Various chiral effective field theory Hamiltonians, describing the nuclear properties beyond ground states, along with a standard USDB interaction, were compared with the experimentally obtained data. Such a comparison for a large set of $\gamma$-ray transition probabilities with the valence space in medium similarity renormalization group ab-initio calculations was performed for the first time in a nucleus far from stability. It was shown that the ab-initio approaches using chiral EFT forces are challenged by detailed high-precision spectroscopic properties of nuclei. The reduced transition probabilities were found to be a very constraining test of the performance of the ab-initio models., Comment: Supplemental Material available

Published
2024
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4. On the Need for Extensible Quantum Compilers with Verification

Author

LeBlond, Tyler, Xiao, Xiao, Dumitrescu, Eugene, Bennink, Ryan, and Paler, Alexandru

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

In this position paper, we posit that a major Department of Energy (DOE)-funded open-source quantum compilation platform is needed to facilitate: (a) resource optimization at the fault-tolerant layer of the quantum computing software stack, and (b) co-design of that layer of the stack with other layers, and that this platform needs to be extensible and include verification., Comment: 3 pages, 0 figures. This position paper was written for the DOE ASCR Basic Research Needs in Quantum Computing and Networking Workshop that was held on July 11-13, 2023

Published
2024

6. Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Author

Gemini Team, Anil, Rohan, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Alayrac, Jean-Baptiste, Yu, Jiahui, Soricut, Radu, Schalkwyk, Johan, Dai, Andrew M., Hauth, Anja, Millican, Katie, Silver, David, Johnson, Melvin, Antonoglou, Ioannis, Schrittwieser, Julian, Glaese, Amelia, Chen, Jilin, Pitler, Emily, Lillicrap, Timothy, Lazaridou, Angeliki, Firat, Orhan, Molloy, James, Isard, Michael, Barham, Paul R., Hennigan, Tom, Lee, Benjamin, Viola, Fabio, Reynolds, Malcolm, Xu, Yuanzhong, Doherty, Ryan, Collins, Eli, Meyer, Clemens, Rutherford, Eliza, Moreira, Erica, Ayoub, Kareem, Goel, Megha, Krawczyk, Jack, Du, Cosmo, Chi, Ed, Cheng, Heng-Tze, Ni, Eric, Shah, Purvi, Kane, Patrick, Chan, Betty, Faruqui, Manaal, Severyn, Aliaksei, Lin, Hanzhao, Li, YaGuang, Cheng, Yong, Ittycheriah, Abe, Mahdieh, Mahdis, Chen, Mia, Sun, Pei, Tran, Dustin, Bagri, Sumit, Lakshminarayanan, Balaji, Liu, Jeremiah, Orban, Andras, Güra, Fabian, Zhou, Hao, Song, Xinying, Boffy, Aurelien, Ganapathy, Harish, Zheng, Steven, Choe, HyunJeong, Weisz, Ágoston, Zhu, Tao, Lu, Yifeng, Gopal, Siddharth, Kahn, Jarrod, Kula, Maciej, Pitman, Jeff, Shah, Rushin, Taropa, Emanuel, Merey, Majd Al, Baeuml, Martin, Chen, Zhifeng, Shafey, Laurent El, Zhang, Yujing, Sercinoglu, Olcan, Tucker, George, Piqueras, Enrique, Krikun, Maxim, Barr, Iain, Savinov, Nikolay, Danihelka, Ivo, Roelofs, Becca, White, Anaïs, Andreassen, Anders, von Glehn, Tamara, Yagati, Lakshman, Kazemi, Mehran, Gonzalez, Lucas, Khalman, Misha, Sygnowski, Jakub, Frechette, Alexandre, Smith, Charlotte, Culp, Laura, Proleev, Lev, Luan, Yi, Chen, Xi, Lottes, James, Schucher, Nathan, Lebron, Federico, Rrustemi, Alban, Clay, Natalie, Crone, Phil, Kocisky, Tomas, Zhao, Jeffrey, Perz, Bartek, Yu, Dian, Howard, Heidi, Bloniarz, Adam, Rae, Jack W., Lu, Han, Sifre, Laurent, Maggioni, Marcello, Alcober, Fred, Garrette, Dan, Barnes, Megan, Thakoor, Shantanu, Austin, Jacob, Barth-Maron, Gabriel, Wong, William, Joshi, Rishabh, Chaabouni, Rahma, Fatiha, Deeni, Ahuja, Arun, Tomar, Gaurav Singh, Senter, Evan, Chadwick, Martin, Kornakov, Ilya, Attaluri, Nithya, Iturrate, Iñaki, Liu, Ruibo, Li, Yunxuan, Cogan, Sarah, Chen, Jeremy, Jia, Chao, Gu, Chenjie, Zhang, Qiao, Grimstad, Jordan, Hartman, Ale Jakse, Garcia, Xavier, Pillai, Thanumalayan Sankaranarayana, Devlin, Jacob, Laskin, Michael, Casas, Diego de Las, Valter, Dasha, Tao, Connie, Blanco, Lorenzo, Badia, Adrià Puigdomènech, Reitter, David, Chen, Mianna, Brennan, Jenny, Rivera, Clara, Brin, Sergey, Iqbal, Shariq, Surita, Gabriela, Labanowski, Jane, Rao, Abhi, Winkler, Stephanie, Parisotto, Emilio, Gu, Yiming, Olszewska, Kate, Addanki, Ravi, Miech, Antoine, Louis, Annie, Teplyashin, Denis, Brown, Geoff, Catt, Elliot, Balaguer, Jan, Xiang, Jackie, Wang, Pidong, Ashwood, Zoe, Briukhov, Anton, Webson, Albert, Ganapathy, Sanjay, Sanghavi, Smit, Kannan, Ajay, Chang, Ming-Wei, Stjerngren, Axel, Djolonga, Josip, Sun, Yuting, Bapna, Ankur, Aitchison, Matthew, Pejman, Pedram, Michalewski, Henryk, Yu, Tianhe, Wang, Cindy, Love, Juliette, Ahn, Junwhan, Bloxwich, Dawn, Han, Kehang, Humphreys, Peter, Sellam, Thibault, Bradbury, James, Godbole, Varun, Samangooei, Sina, Damoc, Bogdan, Kaskasoli, Alex, Arnold, Sébastien M. R., Vasudevan, Vijay, Agrawal, Shubham, Riesa, Jason, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Tanburn, Richard, Srinivasan, Srivatsan, Lim, Hyeontaek, Hodkinson, Sarah, Shyam, Pranav, Ferret, Johan, Hand, Steven, Garg, Ankush, Paine, Tom Le, Li, Jian, Li, Yujia, Giang, Minh, Neitz, Alexander, Abbas, Zaheer, York, Sarah, Reid, Machel, Cole, Elizabeth, Chowdhery, Aakanksha, Das, Dipanjan, Rogozińska, Dominika, Nikolaev, Vitaliy, Sprechmann, Pablo, Nado, Zachary, Zilka, Lukas, Prost, Flavien, He, Luheng, Monteiro, Marianne, Mishra, Gaurav, Welty, Chris, Newlan, Josh, Jia, Dawei, Allamanis, Miltiadis, Hu, Clara Huiyi, de Liedekerke, Raoul, Gilmer, Justin, Saroufim, Carl, Rijhwani, Shruti, Hou, Shaobo, Shrivastava, Disha, Baddepudi, Anirudh, Goldin, Alex, Ozturel, Adnan, Cassirer, Albin, Xu, Yunhan, Sohn, Daniel, Sachan, Devendra, Amplayo, Reinald Kim, Swanson, Craig, Petrova, Dessie, Narayan, Shashi, Guez, Arthur, Brahma, Siddhartha, Landon, Jessica, Patel, Miteyan, Zhao, Ruizhe, Villela, Kevin, Wang, Luyu, Jia, Wenhao, Rahtz, Matthew, Giménez, Mai, Yeung, Legg, Keeling, James, Georgiev, Petko, Mincu, Diana, Wu, Boxi, Haykal, Salem, Saputro, Rachel, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Qin, James, Cankara, Zeynep, Sharma, Abhanshu, Fernando, Nick, Hawkins, Will, Neyshabur, Behnam, Kim, Solomon, Hutter, Adrian, Agrawal, Priyanka, Castro-Ros, Alex, Driessche, George van den, Wang, Tao, Yang, Fan, Chang, Shuo-yiin, Komarek, Paul, McIlroy, Ross, Lučić, Mario, Zhang, Guodong, Farhan, Wael, Sharman, Michael, Natsev, Paul, Michel, Paul, Bansal, Yamini, Qiao, Siyuan, Cao, Kris, Shakeri, Siamak, Butterfield, Christina, Chung, Justin, Rubenstein, Paul Kishan, Agrawal, Shivani, Mensch, Arthur, Soparkar, Kedar, Lenc, Karel, Chung, Timothy, Pope, Aedan, Maggiore, Loren, Kay, Jackie, Jhakra, Priya, Wang, Shibo, Maynez, Joshua, Phuong, Mary, Tobin, Taylor, Tacchetti, Andrea, Trebacz, Maja, Robinson, Kevin, Katariya, Yash, Riedel, Sebastian, Bailey, Paige, Xiao, Kefan, Ghelani, Nimesh, Aroyo, Lora, Slone, Ambrose, Houlsby, Neil, Xiong, Xuehan, Yang, Zhen, Gribovskaya, Elena, Adler, Jonas, Wirth, Mateo, Lee, Lisa, Li, Music, Kagohara, Thais, Pavagadhi, Jay, Bridgers, Sophie, Bortsova, Anna, Ghemawat, Sanjay, Ahmed, Zafarali, Liu, Tianqi, Powell, Richard, Bolina, Vijay, Iinuma, Mariko, Zablotskaia, Polina, Besley, James, Chung, Da-Woon, Dozat, Timothy, Comanescu, Ramona, Si, Xiance, Greer, Jeremy, Su, Guolong, Polacek, Martin, Kaufman, Raphaël Lopez, Tokumine, Simon, Hu, Hexiang, Buchatskaya, Elena, Miao, Yingjie, Elhawaty, Mohamed, Siddhant, Aditya, Tomasev, Nenad, Xing, Jinwei, Greer, Christina, Miller, Helen, Ashraf, Shereen, Roy, Aurko, Zhang, Zizhao, Ma, Ada, Filos, Angelos, Besta, Milos, Blevins, Rory, Klimenko, Ted, Yeh, Chih-Kuan, Changpinyo, Soravit, Mu, Jiaqi, Chang, Oscar, Pajarskas, Mantas, Muir, Carrie, Cohen, Vered, Lan, Charline Le, Haridasan, Krishna, Marathe, Amit, Hansen, Steven, Douglas, Sholto, Samuel, Rajkumar, Wang, Mingqiu, Austin, Sophia, Lan, Chang, Jiang, Jiepu, Chiu, Justin, Lorenzo, Jaime Alonso, Sjösund, Lars Lowe, Cevey, Sébastien, Gleicher, Zach, Avrahami, Thi, Boral, Anudhyan, Srinivasan, Hansa, Selo, Vittorio, May, Rhys, Aisopos, Konstantinos, Hussenot, Léonard, Soares, Livio Baldini, Baumli, Kate, Chang, Michael B., Recasens, Adrià, Caine, Ben, Pritzel, Alexander, Pavetic, Filip, Pardo, Fabio, Gergely, Anita, Frye, Justin, Ramasesh, Vinay, Horgan, Dan, Badola, Kartikeya, Kassner, Nora, Roy, Subhrajit, Dyer, Ethan, Campos, Víctor Campos, Tomala, Alex, Tang, Yunhao, Badawy, Dalia El, White, Elspeth, Mustafa, Basil, Lang, Oran, Jindal, Abhishek, Vikram, Sharad, Gong, Zhitao, Caelles, Sergi, Hemsley, Ross, Thornton, Gregory, Feng, Fangxiaoyu, Stokowiec, Wojciech, Zheng, Ce, Thacker, Phoebe, Ünlü, Çağlar, Zhang, Zhishuai, Saleh, Mohammad, Svensson, James, Bileschi, Max, Patil, Piyush, Anand, Ankesh, Ring, Roman, Tsihlas, Katerina, Vezer, Arpi, Selvi, Marco, Shevlane, Toby, Rodriguez, Mikel, Kwiatkowski, Tom, Daruki, Samira, Rong, Keran, Dafoe, Allan, FitzGerald, Nicholas, Gu-Lemberg, Keren, Khan, Mina, Hendricks, Lisa Anne, Pellat, Marie, Feinberg, Vladimir, Cobon-Kerr, James, Sainath, Tara, Rauh, Maribeth, Hashemi, Sayed Hadi, Ives, Richard, Hasson, Yana, Noland, Eric, Cao, Yuan, Byrd, Nathan, Hou, Le, Wang, Qingze, Sottiaux, Thibault, Paganini, Michela, Lespiau, Jean-Baptiste, Moufarek, Alexandre, Hassan, Samer, Shivakumar, Kaushik, van Amersfoort, Joost, Mandhane, Amol, Joshi, Pratik, Goyal, Anirudh, Tung, Matthew, Brock, Andrew, Sheahan, Hannah, Misra, Vedant, Li, Cheng, Rakićević, Nemanja, Dehghani, Mostafa, Liu, Fangyu, Mittal, Sid, Oh, Junhyuk, Noury, Seb, Sezener, Eren, Huot, Fantine, Lamm, Matthew, De Cao, Nicola, Chen, Charlie, Mudgal, Sidharth, Stella, Romina, Brooks, Kevin, Vasudevan, Gautam, Liu, Chenxi, Chain, Mainak, Melinkeri, Nivedita, Cohen, Aaron, Wang, Venus, Seymore, Kristie, Zubkov, Sergey, Goel, Rahul, Yue, Summer, Krishnakumaran, Sai, Albert, Brian, Hurley, Nate, Sano, Motoki, Mohananey, Anhad, Joughin, Jonah, Filonov, Egor, Kępa, Tomasz, Eldawy, Yomna, Lim, Jiawern, Rishi, Rahul, Badiezadegan, Shirin, Bos, Taylor, Chang, Jerry, Jain, Sanil, Padmanabhan, Sri Gayatri Sundara, Puttagunta, Subha, Krishna, Kalpesh, Baker, Leslie, Kalb, Norbert, Bedapudi, Vamsi, Kurzrok, Adam, Lei, Shuntong, Yu, Anthony, Litvin, Oren, Zhou, Xiang, Wu, Zhichun, Sobell, Sam, Siciliano, Andrea, Papir, Alan, Neale, Robby, Bragagnolo, Jonas, Toor, Tej, Chen, Tina, Anklin, Valentin, Wang, Feiran, Feng, Richie, Gholami, Milad, Ling, Kevin, Liu, Lijuan, Walter, Jules, Moghaddam, Hamid, Kishore, Arun, Adamek, Jakub, Mercado, Tyler, Mallinson, Jonathan, Wandekar, Siddhinita, Cagle, Stephen, Ofek, Eran, Garrido, Guillermo, Lombriser, Clemens, Mukha, Maksim, Sun, Botu, Mohammad, Hafeezul Rahman, Matak, Josip, Qian, Yadi, Peswani, Vikas, Janus, Pawel, Yuan, Quan, Schelin, Leif, David, Oana, Garg, Ankur, He, Yifan, Duzhyi, Oleksii, Älgmyr, Anton, Lottaz, Timothée, Li, Qi, Yadav, Vikas, Xu, Luyao, Chinien, Alex, Shivanna, Rakesh, Chuklin, Aleksandr, Li, Josie, Spadine, Carrie, Wolfe, Travis, Mohamed, Kareem, Das, Subhabrata, Dai, Zihang, He, Kyle, von Dincklage, Daniel, Upadhyay, Shyam, Maurya, Akanksha, Chi, Luyan, Krause, Sebastian, Salama, Khalid, Rabinovitch, Pam G, M, Pavan Kumar Reddy, Selvan, Aarush, Dektiarev, Mikhail, Ghiasi, Golnaz, Guven, Erdem, Gupta, Himanshu, Liu, Boyi, Sharma, Deepak, Shtacher, Idan Heimlich, Paul, Shachi, Akerlund, Oscar, Aubet, François-Xavier, Huang, Terry, Zhu, Chen, Zhu, Eric, Teixeira, Elico, Fritze, Matthew, Bertolini, Francesco, Marinescu, Liana-Eleonora, Bölle, Martin, Paulus, Dominik, Gupta, Khyatti, Latkar, Tejasi, Chang, Max, Sanders, Jason, Wilson, Roopa, Wu, Xuewei, Tan, Yi-Xuan, Thiet, Lam Nguyen, Doshi, Tulsee, Lall, Sid, Mishra, Swaroop, Chen, Wanming, Luong, Thang, Benjamin, Seth, Lee, Jasmine, Andrejczuk, Ewa, Rabiej, Dominik, Ranjan, Vipul, Styrc, Krzysztof, Yin, Pengcheng, Simon, Jon, Harriott, Malcolm Rose, Bansal, Mudit, Robsky, Alexei, Bacon, Geoff, Greene, David, Mirylenka, Daniil, Zhou, Chen, Sarvana, Obaid, Goyal, Abhimanyu, Andermatt, Samuel, Siegler, Patrick, Horn, Ben, Israel, Assaf, Pongetti, Francesco, Chen, Chih-Wei "Louis", Selvatici, Marco, Silva, Pedro, Wang, Kathie, Tolins, Jackson, Guu, Kelvin, Yogev, Roey, Cai, Xiaochen, Agostini, Alessandro, Shah, Maulik, Nguyen, Hung, Donnaile, Noah Ó, Pereira, Sébastien, Friso, Linda, Stambler, Adam, Kuang, Chenkai, Romanikhin, Yan, Geller, Mark, Yan, ZJ, Jang, Kane, Lee, Cheng-Chun, Fica, Wojciech, Malmi, Eric, Tan, Qijun, Banica, Dan, Balle, Daniel, Pham, Ryan, Huang, Yanping, Avram, Diana, Shi, Hongzhi, Singh, Jasjot, Hidey, Chris, Ahuja, Niharika, Saxena, Pranab, Dooley, Dan, Potharaju, Srividya Pranavi, O'Neill, Eileen, Gokulchandran, Anand, Foley, Ryan, Zhao, Kai, Dusenberry, Mike, Liu, Yuan, Mehta, Pulkit, Kotikalapudi, Ragha, Safranek-Shrader, Chalence, Goodman, Andrew, Kessinger, Joshua, Globen, Eran, Kolhar, Prateek, Gorgolewski, Chris, Ibrahim, Ali, Song, Yang, Eichenbaum, Ali, Brovelli, Thomas, Potluri, Sahitya, Lahoti, Preethi, Baetu, Cip, Ghorbani, Ali, Chen, Charles, Crawford, Andy, Pal, Shalini, Sridhar, Mukund, Gurita, Petru, Mujika, Asier, Petrovski, Igor, Cedoz, Pierre-Louis, Li, Chenmei, Chen, Shiyuan, Santo, Niccolò Dal, Goyal, Siddharth, Punjabi, Jitesh, Kappaganthu, Karthik, Kwak, Chester, LV, Pallavi, Velury, Sarmishta, Choudhury, Himadri, Hall, Jamie, Shah, Premal, Figueira, Ricardo, Thomas, Matt, Lu, Minjie, Zhou, Ting, Kumar, Chintu, Jurdi, Thomas, Chikkerur, Sharat, Ma, Yenai, Yu, Adams, Kwak, Soo, Ähdel, Victor, Rajayogam, Sujeevan, Choma, Travis, Liu, Fei, Barua, Aditya, Ji, Colin, Park, Ji Ho, Hellendoorn, Vincent, Bailey, Alex, Bilal, Taylan, Zhou, Huanjie, Khatir, Mehrdad, Sutton, Charles, Rzadkowski, Wojciech, Macintosh, Fiona, Shagin, Konstantin, Medina, Paul, Liang, Chen, Zhou, Jinjing, Shah, Pararth, Bi, Yingying, Dankovics, Attila, Banga, Shipra, Lehmann, Sabine, Bredesen, Marissa, Lin, Zifan, Hoffmann, John Eric, Lai, Jonathan, Chung, Raynald, Yang, Kai, Balani, Nihal, Bražinskas, Arthur, Sozanschi, Andrei, Hayes, Matthew, Alcalde, Héctor Fernández, Makarov, Peter, Chen, Will, Stella, Antonio, Snijders, Liselotte, Mandl, Michael, Kärrman, Ante, Nowak, Paweł, Wu, Xinyi, Dyck, Alex, Vaidyanathan, Krishnan, R, Raghavender, Mallet, Jessica, Rudominer, Mitch, Johnston, Eric, Mittal, Sushil, Udathu, Akhil, Christensen, Janara, Verma, Vishal, Irving, Zach, Santucci, Andreas, Elsayed, Gamaleldin, Davoodi, Elnaz, Georgiev, Marin, Tenney, Ian, Hua, Nan, Cideron, Geoffrey, Leurent, Edouard, Alnahlawi, Mahmoud, Georgescu, Ionut, Wei, Nan, Zheng, Ivy, Scandinaro, Dylan, Jiang, Heinrich, Snoek, Jasper, Sundararajan, Mukund, Wang, Xuezhi, Ontiveros, Zack, Karo, Itay, Cole, Jeremy, Rajashekhar, Vinu, Tumeh, Lara, Ben-David, Eyal, Jain, Rishub, Uesato, Jonathan, Datta, Romina, Bunyan, Oskar, Wu, Shimu, Zhang, John, Stanczyk, Piotr, Zhang, Ye, Steiner, David, Naskar, Subhajit, Azzam, Michael, Johnson, Matthew, Paszke, Adam, Chiu, Chung-Cheng, Elias, Jaume Sanchez, Mohiuddin, Afroz, Muhammad, Faizan, Miao, Jin, Lee, Andrew, Vieillard, Nino, Park, Jane, Zhang, Jiageng, Stanway, Jeff, Garmon, Drew, Karmarkar, Abhijit, Dong, Zhe, Lee, Jong, Kumar, Aviral, Zhou, Luowei, Evens, Jonathan, Isaac, William, Irving, Geoffrey, Loper, Edward, Fink, Michael, Arkatkar, Isha, Chen, Nanxin, Shafran, Izhak, Petrychenko, Ivan, Chen, Zhe, Jia, Johnson, Levskaya, Anselm, Zhu, Zhenkai, Grabowski, Peter, Mao, Yu, Magni, Alberto, Yao, Kaisheng, Snaider, Javier, Casagrande, Norman, Palmer, Evan, Suganthan, Paul, Castaño, Alfonso, Giannoumis, Irene, Kim, Wooyeol, Rybiński, Mikołaj, Sreevatsa, Ashwin, Prendki, Jennifer, Soergel, David, Goedeckemeyer, Adrian, Gierke, Willi, Jafari, Mohsen, Gaba, Meenu, Wiesner, Jeremy, Wright, Diana Gage, Wei, Yawen, Vashisht, Harsha, Kulizhskaya, Yana, Hoover, Jay, Le, Maigo, Li, Lu, Iwuanyanwu, Chimezie, Liu, Lu, Ramirez, Kevin, Khorlin, Andrey, Cui, Albert, LIN, Tian, Wu, Marcus, Aguilar, Ricardo, Pallo, Keith, Chakladar, Abhishek, Perng, Ginger, Abellan, Elena Allica, Zhang, Mingyang, Dasgupta, Ishita, Kushman, Nate, Penchev, Ivo, Repina, Alena, Wu, Xihui, van der Weide, Tom, Ponnapalli, Priya, Kaplan, Caroline, Simsa, Jiri, Li, Shuangfeng, Dousse, Olivier, Piper, Jeff, Ie, Nathan, Pasumarthi, Rama, Lintz, Nathan, Vijayakumar, Anitha, Andor, Daniel, Valenzuela, Pedro, Lui, Minnie, Paduraru, Cosmin, Peng, Daiyi, Lee, Katherine, Zhang, Shuyuan, Greene, Somer, Nguyen, Duc Dung, Kurylowicz, Paula, Hardin, Cassidy, Dixon, Lucas, Janzer, Lili, Choo, Kiam, Feng, Ziqiang, Zhang, Biao, Singhal, Achintya, Du, Dayou, McKinnon, Dan, Antropova, Natasha, Bolukbasi, Tolga, Keller, Orgad, Reid, David, Finchelstein, Daniel, Raad, Maria Abi, Crocker, Remi, Hawkins, Peter, Dadashi, Robert, Gaffney, Colin, Franko, Ken, Bulanova, Anna, Leblond, Rémi, Chung, Shirley, Askham, Harry, Cobo, Luis C., Xu, Kelvin, Fischer, Felix, Xu, Jun, Sorokin, Christina, Alberti, Chris, Lin, Chu-Cheng, Evans, Colin, Dimitriev, Alek, Forbes, Hannah, Banarse, Dylan, Tung, Zora, Omernick, Mark, Bishop, Colton, Sterneck, Rachel, Jain, Rohan, Xia, Jiawei, Amid, Ehsan, Piccinno, Francesco, Wang, Xingyu, Banzal, Praseem, Mankowitz, Daniel J., Polozov, Alex, Krakovna, Victoria, Brown, Sasha, Bateni, MohammadHossein, Duan, Dennis, Firoiu, Vlad, Thotakuri, Meghana, Natan, Tom, Geist, Matthieu, Girgin, Ser tan, Li, Hui, Ye, Jiayu, Roval, Ofir, Tojo, Reiko, Kwong, Michael, Lee-Thorp, James, Yew, Christopher, Sinopalnikov, Danila, Ramos, Sabela, Mellor, John, Sharma, Abhishek, Wu, Kathy, Miller, David, Sonnerat, Nicolas, Vnukov, Denis, Greig, Rory, Beattie, Jennifer, Caveness, Emily, Bai, Libin, Eisenschlos, Julian, Korchemniy, Alex, Tsai, Tomy, Jasarevic, Mimi, Kong, Weize, Dao, Phuong, Zheng, Zeyu, Liu, Frederick, Zhu, Rui, Teh, Tian Huey, Sanmiya, Jason, Gladchenko, Evgeny, Trdin, Nejc, Toyama, Daniel, Rosen, Evan, Tavakkol, Sasan, Xue, Linting, Elkind, Chen, Woodman, Oliver, Carpenter, John, Papamakarios, George, Kemp, Rupert, Kafle, Sushant, Grunina, Tanya, Sinha, Rishika, Talbert, Alice, Wu, Diane, Owusu-Afriyie, Denese, Thornton, Chloe, Pont-Tuset, Jordi, Narayana, Pradyumna, Li, Jing, Fatehi, Saaber, Wieting, John, Ajmeri, Omar, Uria, Benigno, Ko, Yeongil, Knight, Laura, Héliou, Amélie, Niu, Ning, Gu, Shane, Pang, Chenxi, Li, Yeqing, Levine, Nir, Stolovich, Ariel, Santamaria-Fernandez, Rebeca, Goenka, Sonam, Yustalim, Wenny, Strudel, Robin, Elqursh, Ali, Deck, Charlie, Lee, Hyo, Li, Zonglin, Levin, Kyle, Hoffmann, Raphael, Holtmann-Rice, Dan, Bachem, Olivier, Arora, Sho, Koh, Christy, Yeganeh, Soheil Hassas, Põder, Siim, Tariq, Mukarram, Sun, Yanhua, Ionita, Lucian, Seyedhosseini, Mojtaba, Tafti, Pouya, Liu, Zhiyu, Gulati, Anmol, Liu, Jasmine, Ye, Xinyu, Chrzaszcz, Bart, Wang, Lily, Sethi, Nikhil, Li, Tianrun, Brown, Ben, Singh, Shreya, Fan, Wei, Parisi, Aaron, Stanton, Joe, Koverkathu, Vinod, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Li, Yunjie, Lu, TJ, Shroff, Prakash, Varadarajan, Mani, Bahargam, Sanaz, Willoughby, Rob, Gaddy, David, Desjardins, Guillaume, Cornero, Marco, Robenek, Brona, Mittal, Bhavishya, Albrecht, Ben, Shenoy, Ashish, Moiseev, Fedor, Jacobsson, Henrik, Ghaffarkhah, Alireza, Rivière, Morgane, Walton, Alanna, Crepy, Clément, Parrish, Alicia, Zhou, Zongwei, Farabet, Clement, Radebaugh, Carey, Srinivasan, Praveen, van der Salm, Claudia, Fidjeland, Andreas, Scellato, Salvatore, Latorre-Chimoto, Eri, Klimczak-Plucińska, Hanna, Bridson, David, de Cesare, Dario, Hudson, Tom, Mendolicchio, Piermaria, Walker, Lexi, Morris, Alex, Mauger, Matthew, Guseynov, Alexey, Reid, Alison, Odoom, Seth, Loher, Lucia, Cotruta, Victor, Yenugula, Madhavi, Grewe, Dominik, Petrushkina, Anastasia, Duerig, Tom, Sanchez, Antonio, Yadlowsky, Steve, Shen, Amy, Globerson, Amir, Webb, Lynette, Dua, Sahil, Li, Dong, Bhupatiraju, Surya, Hurt, Dan, Qureshi, Haroon, Agarwal, Ananth, Shani, Tomer, Eyal, Matan, Khare, Anuj, Belle, Shreyas Rammohan, Wang, Lei, Tekur, Chetan, Kale, Mihir Sanjay, Wei, Jinliang, Sang, Ruoxin, Saeta, Brennan, Liechty, Tyler, Sun, Yi, Zhao, Yao, Lee, Stephan, Nayak, Pandu, Fritz, Doug, Vuyyuru, Manish Reddy, Aslanides, John, Vyas, Nidhi, Wicke, Martin, Ma, Xiao, Eltyshev, Evgenii, Martin, Nina, Cate, Hardie, Manyika, James, Amiri, Keyvan, Kim, Yelin, Xiong, Xi, Kang, Kai, Luisier, Florian, Tripuraneni, Nilesh, Madras, David, Guo, Mandy, Waters, Austin, Wang, Oliver, Ainslie, Joshua, Baldridge, Jason, Zhang, Han, Pruthi, Garima, Bauer, Jakob, Yang, Feng, Mansour, Riham, Gelman, Jason, Xu, Yang, Polovets, George, Liu, Ji, Cai, Honglong, Chen, Warren, Sheng, XiangHai, Xue, Emily, Ozair, Sherjil, Angermueller, Christof, Li, Xiaowei, Sinha, Anoop, Wang, Weiren, Wiesinger, Julia, Koukoumidis, Emmanouil, Tian, Yuan, Iyer, Anand, Gurumurthy, Madhu, Goldenson, Mark, Shah, Parashar, Blake, MK, Yu, Hongkun, Urbanowicz, Anthony, Palomaki, Jennimaria, Fernando, Chrisantha, Durden, Ken, Mehta, Harsh, Momchev, Nikola, Rahimtoroghi, Elahe, Georgaki, Maria, Raul, Amit, Ruder, Sebastian, Redshaw, Morgan, Lee, Jinhyuk, Zhou, Denny, Jalan, Komal, Li, Dinghua, Hechtman, Blake, Schuh, Parker, Nasr, Milad, Milan, Kieran, Mikulik, Vladimir, Franco, Juliana, Green, Tim, Nguyen, Nam, Kelley, Joe, Mahendru, Aroma, Hu, Andrea, Howland, Joshua, Vargas, Ben, Hui, Jeffrey, Bansal, Kshitij, Rao, Vikram, Ghiya, Rakesh, Wang, Emma, Ye, Ke, Sarr, Jean Michel, Preston, Melanie Moranski, Elish, Madeleine, Li, Steve, Kaku, Aakash, Gupta, Jigar, Pasupat, Ice, Juan, Da-Cheng, Someswar, Milan, M., Tejvi, Chen, Xinyun, Amini, Aida, Fabrikant, Alex, Chu, Eric, Dong, Xuanyi, Muthal, Amruta, Buthpitiya, Senaka, Jauhari, Sarthak, Khandelwal, Urvashi, Hitron, Ayal, Ren, Jie, Rinaldi, Larissa, Drath, Shahar, Dabush, Avigail, Jiang, Nan-Jiang, Godhia, Harshal, Sachs, Uli, Chen, Anthony, Fan, Yicheng, Taitelbaum, Hagai, Noga, Hila, Dai, Zhuyun, Wang, James, Hamer, Jenny, Ferng, Chun-Sung, Elkind, Chenel, Atias, Aviel, Lee, Paulina, Listík, Vít, Carlen, Mathias, van de Kerkhof, Jan, Pikus, Marcin, Zaher, Krunoslav, Müller, Paul, Zykova, Sasha, Stefanec, Richard, Gatsko, Vitaly, Hirnschall, Christoph, Sethi, Ashwin, Xu, Xingyu Federico, Ahuja, Chetan, Tsai, Beth, Stefanoiu, Anca, Feng, Bo, Dhandhania, Keshav, Katyal, Manish, Gupta, Akshay, Parulekar, Atharva, Pitta, Divya, Zhao, Jing, Bhatia, Vivaan, Bhavnani, Yashodha, Alhadlaq, Omar, Li, Xiaolin, Danenberg, Peter, Tu, Dennis, Pine, Alex, Filippova, Vera, Ghosh, Abhipso, Limonchik, Ben, Urala, Bhargava, Lanka, Chaitanya Krishna, Clive, Derik, Li, Edward, Wu, Hao, Hongtongsak, Kevin, Li, Ianna, Thakkar, Kalind, Omarov, Kuanysh, Majmundar, Kushal, Alverson, Michael, Kucharski, Michael, Patel, Mohak, Jain, Mudit, Zabelin, Maksim, Pelagatti, Paolo, Kohli, Rohan, Kumar, Saurabh, Kim, Joseph, Sankar, Swetha, Shah, Vineet, Ramachandruni, Lakshmi, Zeng, Xiangkai, Bariach, Ben, Weidinger, Laura, Vu, Tu, Andreev, Alek, He, Antoine, Hui, Kevin, Kashem, Sheleem, Subramanya, Amar, Hsiao, Sissie, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Sadovsky, Adam, Le, Quoc, Strohman, Trevor, Wu, Yonghui, Petrov, Slav, Dean, Jeffrey, and Vinyals, Oriol

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

This report introduces a new family of multimodal models, Gemini, that exhibit remarkable capabilities across image, audio, video, and text understanding. The Gemini family consists of Ultra, Pro, and Nano sizes, suitable for applications ranging from complex reasoning tasks to on-device memory-constrained use-cases. Evaluation on a broad range of benchmarks shows that our most-capable Gemini Ultra model advances the state of the art in 30 of 32 of these benchmarks - notably being the first model to achieve human-expert performance on the well-studied exam benchmark MMLU, and improving the state of the art in every one of the 20 multimodal benchmarks we examined. We believe that the new capabilities of the Gemini family in cross-modal reasoning and language understanding will enable a wide variety of use cases. We discuss our approach toward post-training and deploying Gemini models responsibly to users through services including Gemini, Gemini Advanced, Google AI Studio, and Cloud Vertex AI.

Published
2023

7. Validation of the $^{10}\mathrm{Be}$ Ground-State Molecular Structure Using $^{10}\mathrm{Be}(p,p\alpha)^{6}\mathrm{He}$ Triple Differential Reaction Cross-Section Measurements

Author

Li, P. J., Beaumel, D., Lee, J., Assié, M., Chen, S., Franchoo, S., Gibelin, J., Hammache, F., Harada, T., Kanada-En'yo, Y., Kubota, Y., Leblond, S., Liang, P. F., Lokotko, T., Lyu, M., Marqués, F. M., Matsuda, Y., Ogata, K., Otsu, H., Rindel, E., Stuhl, L., Suzuki, D., Togano, Y., Tomai, T., Xu, X. X., Yoshida, K., Zenihiro, J., Achouri, N. L., Aumann, T., Baba, H., Cardella, G., Ceruti, S., Stefanescu, A. I., Corsi, A., Frotscher, A., Gao, J., Gillibert, A., Inaba, K., Isobe, T., Kawabata, T., Kitamura, N., Kobayashi, T., Kondo, Y., Kurihara, A., Liu, H. N., Miki, H., Nakamura, T., Obertelli, A., Orr, N. A., Panin, V., Sasano, M., Shimada, T., Sun, Y. L., Tanaka, J., Trache, L., Tudor, D., Uesaka, T., Wang, H., Yamada, H., Yang, Z. H., and Yasuda, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The cluster structure of the neutron-rich isotope $^{10}$Be has been probed via the $(p,p\alpha)$ reaction at 150 MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics and in quasifree conditions. The populated states of $^{6}$He residues were investigated through missing mass spectroscopy. The triple differential cross-section for the ground-state transition was extracted for quasifree angle pairs ($\theta_{p}$, $\theta_{\alpha}$) and compared to distorted-wave impulse approximation reaction calculations performed in a microscopic framework using successively the Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-R\"opke product wave-function and the wave-function deduced from Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics calculations. The remarkable agreement between calculated and measured cross-sections in both shape and magnitude validates the molecular structure description of the $^{10}$Be ground-state, configured as an $\alpha$-$\alpha$ core with two valence neutrons occupying $\pi$-type molecular orbitals., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 tables

Published
2023
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8. Realistic Cost to Execute Practical Quantum Circuits using Direct Clifford+T Lattice Surgery Compilation

Author

LeBlond, Tyler, Dean, Christopher, Watkins, George, and Bennink, Ryan S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We report a resource estimation pipeline that explicitly compiles quantum circuits expressed using the Clifford+T gate set into a surface code lattice surgery instruction set. The cadence of magic state requests from the compiled circuit enables the optimization of magic state distillation and storage requirements in a post-hoc analysis. To compile logical circuits into lattice surgery operations, we build upon the open-source Lattice Surgery Compiler. The revised compiler operates in two stages: the first translates logical gates into an abstract, layout-independent instruction set; the second compiles these into local lattice surgery instructions that are allocated to hardware tiles according to a specified resource layout. The second stage retains logical parallelism while avoiding resource contention in the fault-tolerant layer, aiding realism. Additionally, users can specify dedicated tiles at which magic states are replenished, enabling resource costs from the logical computation to be considered independently from magic state distillation and storage. We demonstrate the applicability of our pipeline to large, practical quantum circuits by providing resource estimates for the ground state estimation of molecules. We find that variable magic state consumption rates in real circuits can cause the resource costs of magic state storage to dominate unless production is varied to suit., Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures

Published
2023

9. TISCC: A Surface Code Compiler and Resource Estimator for Trapped-Ion Processors

Author

LeBlond, Tyler, Lietz, Justin G., Seck, Christopher M., and Bennink, Ryan S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We introduce the Trapped-Ion Surface Code Compiler (TISCC), a software tool that generates circuits for a universal set of surface code patch operations in terms of a native trapped-ion gate set. To accomplish this, TISCC manages an internal representation of a trapped-ion system where a repeating pattern of trapping zones and junctions is arranged in an arbitrarily large rectangular grid. Surface code operations are compiled by instantiating surface code patches on the grid and using methods to generate transversal operations over data qubits, rounds of error correction over stabilizer plaquettes, and/or lattice surgery operations between neighboring patches. Beyond the implementation of a basic surface code instruction set, TISCC contains corner movement functionality and a patch translation that is implemented using ion movement alone. Except in the latter case, all TISCC functionality is extensible to alternative grid-like hardware architectures. TISCC output has been verified using the Oak Ridge Quasi-Clifford Simulator (ORQCS)., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Software to be released at https://github.com/ORNL-QCI/TISCC

Published
2023
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11. Semi-Synthetic Dataset Augmentation for Application-Specific Gaze Estimation

Author

Leblond-Menard, Cedric, Picard-Krashevski, Gabriel, and Achiche, Sofiane

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Although the number of gaze estimation datasets is growing, the application of appearance-based gaze estimation methods is mostly limited to estimating the point of gaze on a screen. This is in part because most datasets are generated in a similar fashion, where the gaze target is on a screen close to camera's origin. In other applications such as assistive robotics or marketing research, the 3D point of gaze might not be close to the camera's origin, meaning models trained on current datasets do not generalize well to these tasks. We therefore suggest generating a textured tridimensional mesh of the face and rendering the training images from a virtual camera at a specific position and orientation related to the application as a mean of augmenting the existing datasets. In our tests, this lead to an average 47% decrease in gaze estimation angular error., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023

12. High precision measurement of the $^{99}$Tc $\beta$ spectrum

Author

Paulsen, Michael, Ranitzsch, Philipp, Loidl, Martin, Rodrigues, Matias, Kossert, Karsten, Mougeot, Xavier, Singh, Abilasha, Leblond, Sylvain, Beyer, Jörn, Bockhorn, Lina, Enss, Christian, Wegner, Mathias, Kempf, Sebastian, and Nähle, Ole

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Highly precise measurements of the $^{99}$Tc beta spectrum were performed in two laboratories using metallic magnetic calorimeters. Independent sample preparations, evaluation methods and analyses yield consistent results and the spectrum could be measured down to less than 1 keV. Consistent beta spectra were also obtained via cross-evaluations of the experimental data sets. An additional independent measurement with silicon detectors in a $4\pi$ configuration confirms the spectrum shape above 25 keV. Detailed theoretical calculations were performed including nuclear structure and atomic effects. The spectrum shape was found to be sensitive to the effective value of the axial-vector coupling constant. Combining measurements and predictions, we extracted $Q_{\beta}=$295.82(16) keV and $g_A^{\text{eff}} = 1.530 (83)$. Furthermore, we derived the mean energy of the beta spectrum $\overline{E}_{\beta}$=98.45(20) keV, $\log f = -0.47660 (22)$ and $\log ft = 12.3478 (23)$., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, adjusted the legend symbols in figures 6-9 to the format (italics, subscripts etc.) used in the text [version 2], corrected assignment of author affiliations and capital lettering in references [version 3]

Published
2023

13. BASEPROD: The Bardenas Semi-Desert Planetary Rover Dataset

Author

Levin Gerdes, Tim Wiese, Raúl Castilla Arquillo, Laura Bielenberg, Martin Azkarate, Hugo Leblond, Felix Wilting, Joaquín Ortega Cortés, Alberto Bernal, Santiago Palanco, and Carlos Pérez del Pulgar

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Dataset acquisitions devised specifically for robotic planetary exploration are key for the advancement, evaluation, and validation of novel perception, localization, and navigation methods in representative environments. Originating in the Bardenas semi-desert in July 2023, the data presented in this Data Descriptor is primarily aimed at Martian exploration and contains relevant rover sensor data from approximately 1.7km of traverses, a high-resolution 3D map of the test area, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy recordings of rock samples along the rover path, as well as local weather data. In addition to optical cameras and inertial sensors, the rover features a thermal camera and six force-torque sensors. This setup enables, for example, the study of future localization, mapping, and navigation techniques in unstructured terrains for improved Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC). The main features of this dataset are the combination of scientific and engineering instrument data, as well as the inclusion of the thermal camera and force-torque sensors in particular.

Published
2024
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14. Probing the Transition to Dataset-Level Privacy in ML Models Using an Output-Specific and Data-Resolved Privacy Profile

Author

LeBlond, Tyler, Munoz, Joseph, Lu, Fred, Fuchs, Maya, Zaresky-Williams, Elliott, Raff, Edward, and Testa, Brian

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

Differential privacy (DP) is the prevailing technique for protecting user data in machine learning models. However, deficits to this framework include a lack of clarity for selecting the privacy budget $\epsilon$ and a lack of quantification for the privacy leakage for a particular data row by a particular trained model. We make progress toward these limitations and a new perspective by which to visualize DP results by studying a privacy metric that quantifies the extent to which a model trained on a dataset using a DP mechanism is ``covered" by each of the distributions resulting from training on neighboring datasets. We connect this coverage metric to what has been established in the literature and use it to rank the privacy of individual samples from the training set in what we call a privacy profile. We additionally show that the privacy profile can be used to probe an observed transition to indistinguishability that takes place in the neighboring distributions as $\epsilon$ decreases, which we suggest is a tool that can enable the selection of $\epsilon$ by the ML practitioner wishing to make use of DP., Comment: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. PA #:AFRL-2022-3639

Published
2023

15. Long-time behavior of the Stokes-transport system in a channel

Author

Dalibard, Anne-Laure, Guillod, Julien, and Leblond, Antoine

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35B35, 35B40, 35M13, 35D35, 35Q49, 76D07, 76D10
Abstract

The coupling between the transport equation for the density and the Stokes equation is considered in a periodic channel. More precisely, the density is advected by pure transport by a velocity field given by the Stokes equation with source force coming from the gravity due to differences in the density. Dirichlet boundary conditions are taken for the velocity field on the bottom and top of the channel, and periodic conditions in the horizontal variable. We prove that the affine stratified density profile is stable under small perturbations in Sobolev spaces and prove convergence of the density to another limiting stratified density profile for large time with an explicit algebraic decay rate. Moreover, we are able to precisely identify the limiting profile as the decreasing vertical rearrangement of the initial density. Finally, we study boundary layers formation to precisely characterize the long-time behavior beyond the constant limiting profile and enlighten the optimal decay rate., Comment: 69 pages

Published
2023

17. In situ brain tumor detection using a Raman spectroscopy system—results of a multicenter study

Author

Ember, Katherine, Dallaire, Frédérick, Plante, Arthur, Sheehy, Guillaume, Guiot, Marie-Christine, Agarwal, Rajeev, Yadav, Rajeev, Douet, Alice, Selb, Juliette, Tremblay, Jean Philippe, Dupuis, Alex, Marple, Eric, Urmey, Kirk, Rizea, Caroline, Harb, Armand, McCarthy, Lily, Schupper, Alexander, Umphlett, Melissa, Tsankova, Nadejda, Leblond, Frédéric, Hadjipanayis, Constantinos, and Petrecca, Kevin

Published
2024
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19. Circulating tumor cells in Waldenström macroglobulinemia

Author

Boccon-Gibod, Clémentine, Sourdeau, Elise, Morel, Pierre, Chapiro, Elise, Nguyen-Khac, Florence, Bravetti, Clotilde, Davi, Frédéric, Morel, Véronique, Gauthier, Nicolas, Grenier, Adrien, Boussen, Inès, Choquet, Sylvain, Leblond, Véronique, Le Garff-Tavernier, Magali, Baron, Marine, and Roos-Weil, Damien

Published
2024
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21. Final results on effectiveness and safety of Ibrutinib in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia from the non-interventional FIRE study

Author

Dartigeas, Caroline, Quinquenel, Anne, Ysebaert, Loïc, Dilhuydy, Marie-Sarah, Anglaret, Bruno, Slama, Borhane, Le Du, Katell, Tardy, Stéphanie, Tchernonog, Emmanuelle, Orfeuvre, Hubert, Voillat, Laurent, Guidez, Stéphanie, Malfuson, Jean-Valère, Dupuis, Sandrine, Deslandes, Marine, Feugier, Pierre, and Leblond, Véronique

Published
2024
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22. Cross-shell states in $^{15}$C: a test for p-sd interactions

Author

Lois-Fuentes, J., Fernández-Domínguez, B., Pereira-López, X., Delaunay, F., Catford, W. N., Matta, A., Orr, N. A., Duguet, T., Otsuka, T., Somà, V., Sorlin, O., Suzuki, T., Achouri, N. L., Assié, M., Bailey, S., Bastin, B., Blumenfeld, Y., Borcea, R., Caamaño, M., Caceres, L., Clément, E., Corsi, A., Curtis, N., Deshayes, Q., Farget, F., Fisichella, M., de France, G., Franchoo, S., Freer, M., Gibelin, J., Gillibert, A., Grinyer, G. F., Hammache, F., Kamalou, O., Knapton, A., Kokalova, Tz., Lapoux, V., Crom, B. Le, Leblond, S., Marqués, F. M., Morfouace, P., Pancin, J., Perrot, L., Piot, J., Pollacco, E., Ramos, D., Regueira-Castro, D., Rodríguez-Tajes, C., Roger, T., Rotaru, F., Sénoville, M., de Séréville, N., Smith, R., Stanoiu, M., Stefan, I., Stodel, C., Suzuki, D., Thomas, J. C., Timofeyuk, N., Vandebrouck, M., Walshe, J., and Wheldon, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The low-lying structure of $^{15}$C has been investigated via the neutron-removal $^{16}$C$(d,t)$ reaction. Along with bound neutron sd-shell hole states, unbound p-shell hole states have been firmly confirmed. The excitation energies and the deduced spectroscopic factors of the cross-shell states are an important measure of the $[(p)^{-1}(sd)^{2}]$ neutron configurations in $^{15}$C. Our results show a very good agreement with shell-model calculations using the SFO-tls interaction for $^{15}$C. However, a modification of the $p$-$sd$ and $sd$-$sd$ monopole terms was applied in order to reproduce the $N=9$ isotone $^{17}$O. In addition, the excitation energies and spectroscopic factors have been compared to the first calculations of $^{15}$C with the $ab~ initio$ self-consistent Green's function method employing the NNLO$_{sat}$ interaction. The results show the sensitivity to the size of the $N=8$ shell gap and highlight the need of going beyond the current truncation scheme in the theory.

Published
2023

23. In situ brain tumor detection using a Raman spectroscopy system—results of a multicenter study

Author

Katherine Ember, Frédérick Dallaire, Arthur Plante, Guillaume Sheehy, Marie-Christine Guiot, Rajeev Agarwal, Rajeev Yadav, Alice Douet, Juliette Selb, Jean Philippe Tremblay, Alex Dupuis, Eric Marple, Kirk Urmey, Caroline Rizea, Armand Harb, Lily McCarthy, Alexander Schupper, Melissa Umphlett, Nadejda Tsankova, Frédéric Leblond, Constantinos Hadjipanayis, and Kevin Petrecca

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Safe and effective brain tumor surgery aims to remove tumor tissue, not non-tumoral brain. This is a challenge since tumor cells are often not visually distinguishable from peritumoral brain during surgery. To address this, we conducted a multicenter study testing whether the Sentry System could distinguish the three most common types of brain tumors from brain tissue in a label-free manner. The Sentry System is a new real time, in situ brain tumor detection device that merges Raman spectroscopy with machine learning tissue classifiers. Nine hundred and seventy-six in situ spectroscopy measurements and colocalized tissue specimens were acquired from 67 patients undergoing surgery for glioblastoma, brain metastases, or meningioma to assess tumor classification. The device achieved diagnostic accuracies of 91% for glioblastoma, 97% for brain metastases, and 96% for meningiomas. These data show that the Sentry System discriminated tumor containing tissue from non-tumoral brain in real time and prior to resection.

Published
2024
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24. A new subtype of diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27 and BRAF/FGFR1 co-altered: a clinico-radiological and histomolecular characterisation

Author

Auffret, Lucie, Ajlil, Yassine, Tauziède-Espariat, Arnault, Kergrohen, Thomas, Puiseux, Chloé, Riffaud, Laurent, Blouin, Pascale, Bertozzi, Anne-Isabelle, Leblond, Pierre, Blomgren, Klas, Froelich, Sébastien, Picca, Alberto, Touat, Mehdi, Sanson, Marc, Beccaria, Kévin, Blauwblomme, Thomas, Dangouloff-Ros, Volodia, Boddaert, Nathalie, Varlet, Pascale, Debily, Marie-Anne, Grill, Jacques, and Castel, David

Published
2024
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25. Unbound states in 17C and p-sd shell-model interactions

Author

Kim, Sunji, Hwang, Jongwon, Satou, Yoshiteru, Orr, Nigel A., Nakamura, Takashi, Kondo, Yosuke, Gibelin, Julien, Achouri, Nadia Lynda, Aumann, Thomas, Baba, Hidetada, Delaunay, Franck, Doornenbal, Pieter, Fukuda, Naoki, Inabe, Naohito, Isobe, Tadaaki, Kameda, Daisuke, Kanno, Daiki, Kobayashi, Nobuyuki, Kobayashi, Toshio, Kubo, Toshiyuki, Leblond, Sylvain, Lee, Jenny, Marqués, Francisco Miguel, Minakata, Ryogo, Motobayashi, Tohru, Murai, Daichi, Murakami, Tetsuya, Muto, Kotomi, Nakashima, Tomohiro, Nakatsuka, Noritsugu, Navin, Alahari, Nishi, Seijiro, Ogoshi, Shun, Otsu, Hideaki, Sato, Hiromi, Shimizu, Yohei, Suzuki, Hiroshi, Takahashi, Kento, Takeda, Hiroyuki, Takeuchi, Satoshi, Tanaka, Ryuki, Togano, Yasuhiro, Tuff, Adam G., Vandebrouck, Marine, and Yoneda, Ken-ichiro

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Unbound states in 17C were investigated via one-neutron removal from a 18C beam at an energy of 245 MeV/nucleon on a carbon target. The energy spectrum of 17C, above the single-neutron decay threshold, was reconstructed using invariant mass spectroscopy from the measured momenta of the 16C fragment and neutron, and was found to exhibit resonances at Er=0.52(2), 0.77(2), 1.36(1), 1.91(1), 2.22(3) and 3.20(1) MeV. The resonance at Er=0.77(2) MeV [Ex=1.51(3) MeV] was provisionally assigned as the second 5/2+ state. The two resonances at Er=1.91(1) and 3.20(1) MeV [Ex=2.65(2) and 3.94(2) MeV] were identified, through comparison of the energies, cross sections and momentum distributions with shell-model and eikonal reaction calculations, as p-shell hole states with spin-parities 1/2- and 3/2-, respectively. A detailed comparison was made with the results obtained using a range of shell-model interactions. The YSOX shell-model Hamiltonian, the cross-shell part of which is based on the monopole-based universal interaction, was found to provide a very good description of the present results and those for the neighbouring odd-A carbon isotopes - in particular for the negative parity cross-shell states., Comment: Physics Letters B 836 (2023) 137629, published

Published
2022
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26. On the unexpected fate of scientific ideas: An archeology of the Carroll group

Author

Lévy-Leblond, Jean-Marc

Subjects
Physics - General Physics
Abstract

In 1965, I published a paper, exhibiting a hitherto unknown limit of the Lorentz group, which I christened Carroll group because of its seemingly paradoxical physical contents. Since I saw it as more curious than relevant, I published it in French in a journal somewhat afar from the mainstream of theoretical physics at that time. It was most gratifying to witness the quite unexpected favour this paper started to enjoy half a century later, so much that a so-called Carrollian physics is now developing, with applications in various domains of forefront theoretical physics, such as quantum gravitation, supersymmetry, string theory, etc. I offer this narrative as an example of the very diverse time scales with which scientific ideas may develop (or not)., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022

27. Continuous diffusion for categorical data

Author

Dieleman, Sander, Sartran, Laurent, Roshannai, Arman, Savinov, Nikolay, Ganin, Yaroslav, Richemond, Pierre H., Doucet, Arnaud, Strudel, Robin, Dyer, Chris, Durkan, Conor, Hawthorne, Curtis, Leblond, Rémi, Grathwohl, Will, and Adler, Jonas

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Diffusion models have quickly become the go-to paradigm for generative modelling of perceptual signals (such as images and sound) through iterative refinement. Their success hinges on the fact that the underlying physical phenomena are continuous. For inherently discrete and categorical data such as language, various diffusion-inspired alternatives have been proposed. However, the continuous nature of diffusion models conveys many benefits, and in this work we endeavour to preserve it. We propose CDCD, a framework for modelling categorical data with diffusion models that are continuous both in time and input space. We demonstrate its efficacy on several language modelling tasks., Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures; corrections and additional information about hyperparameters

Published
2022

28. Self-conditioned Embedding Diffusion for Text Generation

Author

Strudel, Robin, Tallec, Corentin, Altché, Florent, Du, Yilun, Ganin, Yaroslav, Mensch, Arthur, Grathwohl, Will, Savinov, Nikolay, Dieleman, Sander, Sifre, Laurent, and Leblond, Rémi

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Can continuous diffusion models bring the same performance breakthrough on natural language they did for image generation? To circumvent the discrete nature of text data, we can simply project tokens in a continuous space of embeddings, as is standard in language modeling. We propose Self-conditioned Embedding Diffusion, a continuous diffusion mechanism that operates on token embeddings and allows to learn flexible and scalable diffusion models for both conditional and unconditional text generation. Through qualitative and quantitative evaluation, we show that our text diffusion models generate samples comparable with those produced by standard autoregressive language models - while being in theory more efficient on accelerator hardware at inference time. Our work paves the way for scaling up diffusion models for text, similarly to autoregressive models, and for improving performance with recent refinements to continuous diffusion., Comment: 15 pages

Published
2022

29. BMP2 and BMP7 cooperate with H3.3K27M to promote quiescence and invasiveness in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas

Author

Paul Huchede, Swann Meyer, Clement Berthelot, Maud Hamadou, Adrien Bertrand-Chapel, Andria Rakotomalala, Line Manceau, Julia Tomine, Nicolas Lespinasse, Paul Lewandowski, Martine Cordier-Bussat, Laura Broutier, Aurelie Dutour, Isabelle Rochet, Jean-Yves Blay, Cyril Degletagne, Valery Attignon, Angel Montero-Carcaboso, Marion Le Grand, Eddy Pasquier, Alexandre Vasiljevic, Pascale Gilardi-Hebenstreit, Samuel Meignan, Pierre Leblond, Vanessa Ribes, Erika Cosset, and Marie Castets

Subjects
BMP, H3K27 mutation, DMG, invasion, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (pDMG) are an aggressive type of childhood cancer with a fatal outcome. Their major epigenetic determinism has become clear, notably with the identification of K27M mutations in histone H3. However, the synergistic oncogenic mechanisms that induce and maintain tumor cell phenotype have yet to be deciphered. In 20 to 30% of cases, these tumors have an altered BMP signaling pathway with an oncogenic mutation on the BMP type I receptor ALK2, encoded by ACVR1. However, the potential impact of the BMP pathway in tumors non-mutated for ACVR1 is less clear. By integrating bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomic data, we show here that the BMP signaling pathway is activated at similar levels between ACVR1 wild-type and mutant tumors and identify BMP2 and BMP7 as putative activators of the pathway in a specific subpopulation of cells. By using both pediatric isogenic glioma lines genetically modified to overexpress H3.3K27M and patients-derived DIPG cell lines, we demonstrate that BMP2/7 synergizes with H3.3K27M to induce a transcriptomic rewiring associated with a quiescent but invasive cell state. These data suggest a generic oncogenic role for the BMP pathway in gliomagenesis of pDMG and pave the way for specific targeting of downstream effectors mediating the K27M/BMP crosstalk.

Published
2024
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30. SPECT/CT to quantify early small airway disease and its relationship to clinical symptoms in smokers with normal lung function: a pilot study

Author

Daniel Juneau, Antoine Leblond, Rami Chatta, Valérie Lévesque, Annabelle Lussier, and Bruno-Pierre Dubé

Subjects
small airway, ventilatory distributions, SPECTCT, tobacco, pulmonary function test, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

IntroductionSmokers frequently display respiratory symptoms despite the fact that their pulmonary function tests (PFTs) can be normal. Quantitative lung ventilation single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) can provide a quantification of lung ventilatory homogeneity and could prove useful as an early marker of airway disease in smokers. We measured the effects of smoking on regional ventilation distribution in subjects with normal lung function and evaluated whether ventilation distribution in these subjects is related to lung function tests results and clinical symptoms.MethodsSubjects without any history of respiratory disease were prospectively recruited and separated in two groups: active smokers (AS: ≥10 cigarettes/day and history of ≥15 pack-years) and never smokers (NS: lifetime exposure of 40%, (AUC-CV40%) was used as the measure of ventilation heterogeneity.Results30 subjects were recruited (15 per group). Subjects in the AS group displayed higher dyspnea levels (1 [1–2] vs. 0 [0–1] units on mMRC scale, p < 0.001). AUC- CV40% was significantly higher in the AS group (0.386 ± 0.106 vs. 0.293 ± 0.069, p = 0.004). AUC-CV40% was significantly correlated to FEV1 (rho = −0.47, p = 0.009), DLCO (rho = −0.49, p = 0.006), CAT score (rho = 0.55, p = 0.002) and mMRC score (rho = 0.54, p = 0.002). Subjects with mMRC >0 had higher AUC-CV40% values than those without dyspnea (0.289 ± 0.071 vs. 0.378 ± 0.102, p = 0.006), while FEV1 and DLCO were not different between those groups. ROC analyses showed that the AUC for AUC-CV40% in identifying subjects with mMRC score >0 was 0.78 (95%CI 0.61–0.95, p = 0.009), which was significantly higher than that of FEV1 and DLCO.DiscussionIn smokers with normal lung function, ventilatory inhomogeneities can be quantified using SPECT/CT. AUC-CV40% values are related to lung function decline and to respiratory symptomatology, suggesting a potential role for this marker in the evaluation of symptomatic smokers.

Published
2024
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31. Unfolding experimental distortions in beta spectrometry

Author

Gaël Craveiro, Sylvain Leblond, Xavier Mougeot, and Matthieu Vivier

Subjects
beta spectra, experimental distortions, unfolding, MLEM, Tikhonov, uncertainties, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The distortions of measured beta spectra are addressed by means of unfolding algorithms. Two different approaches, the Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization and the Tikhonov regularization, are tested on various simulated spectra, for which the initial spectrum to retrieve is known, and on a 99Tc spectrum measured with our dedicated setup. Statistical uncertainties of distorted measured spectra are propagated by determining the covariance matrices. Both algorithms provide satisfactory results but Tikhonov performs overall better for most of the studied radionuclides. Highlight is made on the necessity to employ at least two independent methods to ensure the accuracy of the unfolded spectra and to estimate the internal bias of each algorithm.

Published
2024
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32. A General Framework for Auditing Differentially Private Machine Learning

Author

Lu, Fred, Munoz, Joseph, Fuchs, Maya, LeBlond, Tyler, Zaresky-Williams, Elliott, Raff, Edward, Ferraro, Francis, and Testa, Brian

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

We present a framework to statistically audit the privacy guarantee conferred by a differentially private machine learner in practice. While previous works have taken steps toward evaluating privacy loss through poisoning attacks or membership inference, they have been tailored to specific models or have demonstrated low statistical power. Our work develops a general methodology to empirically evaluate the privacy of differentially private machine learning implementations, combining improved privacy search and verification methods with a toolkit of influence-based poisoning attacks. We demonstrate significantly improved auditing power over previous approaches on a variety of models including logistic regression, Naive Bayes, and random forest. Our method can be used to detect privacy violations due to implementation errors or misuse. When violations are not present, it can aid in understanding the amount of information that can be leaked from a given dataset, algorithm, and privacy specification., Comment: NeurIPS 2022

Published
2022

33. High precision measurement of the $^6$He half-life

Author

Kanafani, M., Fléchard, X., Naviliat-Cuncic, O., Chung, G. D., Leblond, S., Liénard, E., Mougeot, X., Quéméner, G., Di Filippo, A. Simancas, and Thomas, J-C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The half-life of $^{6}$He has been measured using a low energy radioactive beam implanted in a YAP scintillator and recording decay events in a 4$\pi$ geometry. Events were time-stamped with a digital data acquisition system enabling a reliable control of dead-time effects and detector gain variations. The result, $T_{1/2} = (807.25 \pm 0.16_{\rm stat} \pm 0.11_{\rm sys}$)~ms, provides the most precise value obtained so far and is consistent with the only previous measurement having a precision smaller than 0.1%. This resolves the longstanding discrepancy previously observed between two sets of measurements., Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures

Published
2022
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34. European College of Equine Internal Medicine consensus statement on equine flaviviridae infections in Europe

Author

Cavalleri, Jessika‐M V, Korbacska‐Kutasi, Orsolya, Leblond, Agnès, Paillot, Romain, Pusterla, Nicola, Steinmann, Eike, and Tomlinson, Joy

Subjects
Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Biodefense, Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Digestive Diseases, West Nile Virus, Liver Disease, Vector-Borne Diseases, Vaccine Related, Rare Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Horses, Animals, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne, West Nile virus, Flavivirus Infections, Flaviviridae Infections, Europe, Encephalitis, Horse Diseases, equid, equine, gastroenterology, hepatitis, hepatology, microbiology, neurology, viral, zoonoses, Veterinary sciences
Abstract

Horses and other equids can be infected with several viruses of the family Flaviviridae, belonging to the genus Flavivirus and Hepacivirus. This consensus statement focuses on viruses with known occurrence in Europe, with the objective to summarize the current literature and formulate clinically relevant evidence-based recommendations regarding clinical disease, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The viruses circulating in Europe include West Nile virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Usutu virus, Louping ill virus and the equine hepacivirus. West Nile virus and Usutu virus are mosquito-borne, while tick-borne encephalitis virus and Louping ill virus are tick-borne. The natural route of transmission for equine hepacivirus remains speculative. West Nile virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus can induce encephalitis in infected horses. In the British Isle, rare equine cases of encephalitis associated with Louping ill virus are reported. In contrast, equine hepacivirus infections are associated with mild acute hepatitis and possibly chronic hepatitis. Diagnosis of flavivirus infections is made primarily by serology, although cross-reactivity occurs. Virus neutralization testing is considered the gold standard to differentiate between flavivirus infections in horses. Hepacivirus infection is detected by serum or liver RT-PCR. No direct antiviral treatment against flavi- or hepacivirus infections in horses is currently available and thus, treatment is supportive. Three vaccines against West Nile virus are licensed in the European Union. Geographic expansion of flaviviruses pathogenic for equids should always be considered a realistic threat, and it would be beneficial if their detection was included in surveillance programs.

Published
2022

35. Spoken Communicative Intents among 3- to 4.5-Year-Old French-Speaking Children: Procedure and Data from the Early Longitudinal Language and Neglect Study

Author

Sylvestre, Audette, Di Sante, Mélissa, and Leblond, Jean

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to (a) provide speech-language pathologists and researchers with a play-based procedure to measure the expression of spoken communicative intents by children aged 3 to 4.5 years and (b) present indicators of these children's capacity to produce these intents in this context. Method: A method inspired by TRIAGE (Technique de Recherche d'Informations par Animation d'un Group d'Experts) allowed an advisory group of 16 speech-language pathologists to select and agree on definitions of intents to include in this procedure, among a set of 13 preselected intents based on the scientific literature. A longitudinal design including four measuring times was used to verify the production of these intents by 99 French-speaking children (46 boys; M[subscript age] = 36.09 months) at 36, 42, 48, and 54 months using the Neighborhood Game, a previously developed elicitation procedure of communicative intents conducted within the context of symbolic play. For each measurement time, the average percentage of children who had produced each intent at least 3 times was calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Nonparametric analysis of variance for longitudinal data was carried out to verify progression with age. Results: A finalized list of eight communicative intents was selected along with their definition and a standardized script to elicit them during symbolic play. The production frequency of most intents showed significant progression between the first and the fourth measurement time. Arguing is the only intent that is still not produced by more than 90% of children at the age of 54 months. Conclusions: This study led to the development of an assessment procedure, which presents ecological validity and elicits the expression of eight communicative intents among 3- to 4.5-year-olds. This procedure can support the work of speech-language pathologists and researchers. The accompanying indicators of children's capacity to produce these intents at a given age in this kind of context are a notable addition to the knowledge on typical language development.

Published
2023
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36. Climate-sensitive forecasts of marked short-term and long-term changes in the distributions or abundances of Northwestern boreal landbirds

Author

A. Raymundo, T. Micheletti, S. Haché, D. Stralberg, F.E.C. Stewart, J.A. Tremblay, C. Barros, I.M.S. Eddy, A.M. Chubaty, M. Leblond, C.L. Mahon, S.L. Van Wilgenburg, E.M. Bayne, F. Schmiegelow, T.D.S. Docherty, E.J.B. McIntire, and S.G. Cumming

Subjects
Climate change, SpaDES, Ecological forecasting, Boreal landbirds, Species-at-risk, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Climate change presents a major threat to biodiversity globally. Northern ecosystems, such as Canada's boreal forest, are predicted to experience particularly severe climate-induced changes. These changes may reduce the carrying capacity and habitat suitability of the boreal forest for many wildlife species. Boreal birds are susceptible to both direct and indirect effects of climate change, and several studies have predicted northward shifts in species distributions as temperatures become warmer. We forecasted spatially-explicit changes in the densities of 72 boreal landbird species using integrated climate change projections and a forest dynamics model in the Taiga Plains ecozone of the Northwest Territories (NT), Canada, over the 2011–2091 horizon. We 1) identified ''winner,'' ''loser,'' and ''bellringer'' species over short (2031) and long-term (2091) forecasts, 2) mapped landbird range and density changes under three contrasting Global Circulation Models (GCMs), and 3) quantify differences in landbird density predictions across a latitudinal gradient. Species that showed a moderate increase or decrease in their predicted abundance were considered ''winners'' and ''losers,'' respectively. Species that showed a marked increase or decrease – a doubling or halving – of their predicted abundance in all three GCMs, were termed ''bellringers''. From 2011–2031, only 2/72 (2.8%) were considered winners, and 3/72 (4.2%) were losers. From 2011–2091, the abundance of more species was predicted to change: 26/72 (36.1%) were winners, and 10/72 species (13.9%) were losers. Four species were considered bellringers: Gray-cheeked Thrush, White-crowned Sparrow, Fox Sparrow, and American Tree Sparrow. Overall, projected range shifts were strongly oriented along a southeast-to-northwest axis. Shifts to the north and south were evenly distributed among all three GCMs. Our results suggest that future climate-mitigated distribution shifts and population declines of boreal landbirds will require targeted conservation actions. They also highlight the importance of the NT as a potential refugium for many boreal-breeding landbird species in Canada.

Published
2024
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37. Epstein-Barr Virus and immune status imprint the immunogenomics of non-Hodgkin lymphomas occurring in immune-suppressed environments

Author

Marine Baron, Karim Labreche, Marianne Veyri, Nathalie Désiré, Amira Bouzidi, Fatou Seck-Thiam, Frédéric Charlotte, Alice Rousseau, Véronique Morin, Cécilia Nakid-Cordero, Baptiste Abbar, Alberto Picca, Marie Le Cann, Noureddine Balegroune, Nicolas Gauthier, Ioannis Theodorou, Mehdi Touat, Véronique Morel, Franck Bielle, Assia Samri, Agusti Alentorn, Marc Sanson, Damien Roos-Weil, Corinne Haioun, Elsa Poullot, Anne Langlois de Septenville, Frédéric Davi, Amélie Guihot, Pierre-Yves Boelle, Véronique Leblond, Florence Coulet, Jean-Philippe Spano, Sylvain Choquet, Brigitte Autran, and IDeATIon study group

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) commonly occur in immune-deficient (ID) patients, both HIV-infected and transplanted, and are often EBV-driven with cerebral localization, raising the question of tumor immunogenicity, a critical issue for treatment responses. We investigated the immunogenomics of 68 lymphoproliferative disorders from 51 ID (34 posttransplant, 17 HIV+) and 17 immunocompetent patients. Overall, 72% were Large B Cells Lymphoma (LBCL) and 25% were primary central-nervous-system lymphoma (PCNSL) while 40% were EBV-positive. Tumor whole-exome and RNA sequencing, along with a bioinformatics pipeline allowed analysis of tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor landscape and microenvironment (TME) and prediction of tumor neoepitopes. Both TMB (2.2 vs 3.4/Mb, p=0.001) and neoepitopes numbers (40 vs 200, p=0.00019) were lower in EBVpositive than in EBV-negative NHL, regardless of the immune status. In contrast both EBV and the immune status influenced the tumor mutational profile, with HNRNPF and STAT3 mutations exclusively observed in EBV-positive and ID NHL, respectively. Peripheral blood T-cell responses against tumor neoepitopes were detected in all EBV-negative cases but in only half EBV-positive ones, including responses against IgH-derived MHC-class-II restricted neoepitopes. The TME analysis showed higher CD8 T cell infiltrates in EBVpositive vs EBV-negative NHL, together with a more tolerogenic profile composed of Tregs, type-M2 macrophages and an increased expression of negative immune-regulators. Our results highlight that the immunogenomics of NHL in patients with immunodeficiency primarily relies on the tumor EBV status, while T cell recognition of tumor- and IgH-specific neoepitopes is conserved in EBV-negative patients, offering potential opportunities for future T cell-based immune therapies.

Published
2024
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38. European Autism GEnomics Registry (EAGER): protocol for a multicentre cohort study and registry

Author

Louise Gallagher, Michael Absoud, Miguel Castelo-Branco, Tony Charman, Maja Hempel, Richard Delorme, Guiomar Oliveira, Roberta Battini, Sven Bölte, Claire S Leblond, Thomas Bourgeron, Alexandra Lautarescu, Mercedes Serrano, Federico Vigevano, Christian P Schaaf, Bethany Oakley, Julian Tillmann, Pierre Violland, Declan G M Murphy, Sarah Douglas, Paolo Bonanni, Grainne McAlonan, Roberta Milone, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Madeleine Bloomfield, Síofra Heraty, Roderik Plas, Anjuli Ghosh, Katrien Van den Bosch, Eliza Eaton, Ana Blázquez Hinojosa, Nadia Bolshakova, Jacqueline Borg, Sara Calderoni, Rosa Calvo Escalona, Pilar Caro, Freddy Cliquet, Alberto Danieli, Maurizio Elia, Nuno Madeira, Ciara J Molloy, Susana Mouga, Virginia Montiel, Ana Pina Rodrigues, Kristiina Tammimies, Charlotte Tye, Beatrice Mazzone, Cara O’Neill, Julie Pender, Verena Romero, and Christopher Chatham

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Autism is a common neurodevelopmental condition with a complex genetic aetiology that includes contributions from monogenic and polygenic factors. Many autistic people have unmet healthcare needs that could be served by genomics-informed research and clinical trials. The primary aim of the European Autism GEnomics Registry (EAGER) is to establish a registry of participants with a diagnosis of autism or an associated rare genetic condition who have undergone whole-genome sequencing. The registry can facilitate recruitment for future clinical trials and research studies, based on genetic, clinical and phenotypic profiles, as well as participant preferences. The secondary aim of EAGER is to investigate the association between mental and physical health characteristics and participants’ genetic profiles.Methods and analysis EAGER is a European multisite cohort study and registry and is part of the AIMS-2-TRIALS consortium. EAGER was developed with input from the AIMS-2-TRIALS Autism Representatives and representatives from the rare genetic conditions community. 1500 participants with a diagnosis of autism or an associated rare genetic condition will be recruited at 13 sites across 8 countries. Participants will be given a blood or saliva sample for whole-genome sequencing and answer a series of online questionnaires. Participants may also consent to the study to access pre-existing clinical data. Participants will be added to the EAGER registry and data will be shared externally through established AIMS-2-TRIALS mechanisms.Ethics and dissemination To date, EAGER has received full ethical approval for 11 out of the 13 sites in the UK (REC 23/SC/0022), Germany (S-375/2023), Portugal (CE-085/2023), Spain (HCB/2023/0038, PIC-164-22), Sweden (Dnr 2023-06737-01), Ireland (230907) and Italy (CET_62/2023, CEL-IRCCS OASI/24-01-2024/EM01, EM 2024-13/1032 EAGER). Findings will be disseminated via scientific publications and conferences but also beyond to participants and the wider community (eg, the AIMS-2-TRIALS website, stakeholder meetings, newsletters).

Published
2024
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40. On discrete spectra of Bergman--Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols

Author

Golinskii, Leonid, Kupin, Stanislas, Leblond, Juliette, and Nemaire, Masimba

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, Mathematics - Complex Variables, 47B35, 47A55, 30H20
Abstract

In the present article, we study the discrete spectrum of certain bounded Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbol on a Bergman space. Using the methods of classical perturbaton theory and recent results by Borichev-Golinskii-Kupin and Favorov-Golinskii, we obtain a quantitative result on the distribution of the discrete spectrum of the operator in the unbounded (outer) component of its Fredholm set., Comment: 8 p

Published
2022

41. Competition-Level Code Generation with AlphaCode

Author

Li, Yujia, Choi, David, Chung, Junyoung, Kushman, Nate, Schrittwieser, Julian, Leblond, Rémi, Eccles, Tom, Keeling, James, Gimeno, Felix, Lago, Agustin Dal, Hubert, Thomas, Choy, Peter, d'Autume, Cyprien de Masson, Babuschkin, Igor, Chen, Xinyun, Huang, Po-Sen, Welbl, Johannes, Gowal, Sven, Cherepanov, Alexey, Molloy, James, Mankowitz, Daniel J., Robson, Esme Sutherland, Kohli, Pushmeet, de Freitas, Nando, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, and Vinyals, Oriol

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Programming is a powerful and ubiquitous problem-solving tool. Developing systems that can assist programmers or even generate programs independently could make programming more productive and accessible, yet so far incorporating innovations in AI has proven challenging. Recent large-scale language models have demonstrated an impressive ability to generate code, and are now able to complete simple programming tasks. However, these models still perform poorly when evaluated on more complex, unseen problems that require problem-solving skills beyond simply translating instructions into code. For example, competitive programming problems which require an understanding of algorithms and complex natural language remain extremely challenging. To address this gap, we introduce AlphaCode, a system for code generation that can create novel solutions to these problems that require deeper reasoning. In simulated evaluations on recent programming competitions on the Codeforces platform, AlphaCode achieved on average a ranking of top 54.3% in competitions with more than 5,000 participants. We found that three key components were critical to achieve good and reliable performance: (1) an extensive and clean competitive programming dataset for training and evaluation, (2) large and efficient-to-sample transformer-based architectures, and (3) large-scale model sampling to explore the search space, followed by filtering based on program behavior to a small set of submissions., Comment: 74 pages

Published
2022
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45. A new species of Agonimia ( Ascomycota , Eurotiomycetes , Verrucariaceae ) from Morane atoll (Tuāmotu-Gambier Islands, French Polynesia)

Author

Remy Poncet, Jean-Yves Meyer, Anne-Hélène Paradis, Sébastien Leblond, and Lionel Kervran

Subjects
coral reefs, corticolous, lichen, low islands, pacific ocean, tropics, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Agonimia gargominyi ( Verrucariaceae , Verrucariales ) is described and illustrated from bark samples collected from Morane atoll (Tuāmotu-Gambier Islands, French Polynesia). It is characterized by the large superficial perithecia having a pale brown-colored ostiolar region, the 8-spored asci, and the relatively large lobed squamules. Micromorphology of the ascomata and the thalline squamules matches the genus Agonimia . Additionally, to accommodate the inclusion of this newly identified species, the existing comprehensive key encompassing all known Agonimia species worldwide has been modified and updated accordingly. Detailed illustrations supplement the description of Agonimia gargominyi .

Published
2023
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46. Narrow resonances in the continuum of the unbound nucleus $^{15}$F

Author

Girard-Alcindor, V., Mercenne, A., Stefan, I., Santos, F. de Oliveira, Michel, N., Płoszajczak, M., Assié, M., Lemasson, A., Clément, E., Flavigny, F., Matta, A., Ramos, D., Rejmund, M., Dudouet, J., Ackermann, D., Adsley, P., Assunção, M., Bastin, B., Beaumel, D., Benzoni, G., Borcea, R., Boston, A. J., Cáceres, L., Cederwall, B., Celikovic, I., Chudoba, V., Ciemala, M., Collado, J., Crespi, F. C. L., D'Agata, G., De France, G., Delaunay, F., Diget, C., Domingo-Pardo, C., Eberth, J., Fougères, C., Franchoo, S., Galtarossa, F., Georgiadou, A., Gibelin, J., Giraud, S., González, V., Goyal, N., Gottardo, A., Goupil, J., Grévy, S., Guimaraes, V., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Oliver, D. S. Judson, Kamalou, O., Kameneyero, A., Kiener, J., Korten, W., Koyama, S., Labiche, M., Lalanne, L., Lapoux, V., Leblond, S., Lefevre, A., Lenain, C., Leoni, S., Li, H., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Matea, I., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Meyer, A., Million, B., Monteagudo, B., Morfouace, P., Mrazek, J., Niikura, M., Piot, J., Podolyak, Zs., Portail, C., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Roger, T., Rojo, J. S., Rotaru, F., Salsac, M. D., Benítez, A. M. Sánchez, Sanchis, E., Şenyigit, M., de Séréville, N., Siciliano, M., Simpson, J., Sohler, D., Sorlin, O., Stanoiu, M., Stodel, C., Suzuki, D., Theisen, C., Thomas, J. C., Ujic, P., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., and Zielińska, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The structure of the unbound $^{15}$F nucleus is investigated using the inverse kinematics resonant scattering of a radioactive $^{14}$O beam impinging on a CH$_2$ target. The analysis of $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,p)$^{14}$O and $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,2p)$^{13}$N reactions allowed the confirmation of the previously observed narrow $1/2^{-}$ resonance, near the two-proton decay threshold, and the identification of two new narrow 5/2$^{-}$ and 3/2$^{-}$ resonances. The newly observed levels decay by 1p emission to the ground of $^{14}$O, and by sequential 2p emission to the ground state (g.s.) of $^{13}$N via the $1^-$ resonance of $^{14}$O. Gamow shell model (GSM) analysis of the experimental data suggests that the wave functions of the 5/2$^{-}$ and 3/2$^{-}$ resonances may be collectivized by the continuum coupling to nearby 2p- and 1p- decay channels. The observed excitation function $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,p)$^{14}$O and resonance spectrum in $^{15}$F are well reproduced in the unified framework of the GSM., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021

47. Neutron-proton pairing in the N=Z radioactive fp-shell nuclei 56Ni and 52Fe probed by pair transfer

Author

Le Crom, B, Assié, M, Blumenfeld, Y, Guillot, J, Sagawa, H, Suzuki, T, Honma, M, Achouri, NL, Bastin, B, Borcea, R, Catford, WN, Clément, E, Cáceres, L, Caamaño, M, Corsi, A, De France, G, Delaunay, F, De Séréville, N, Fernandez-Dominguez, B, Fisichella, M, Franchoo, S, Georgiadou, A, Gibelin, J, Gillibert, A, Hammache, F, Kamalou, O, Knapton, A, Lapoux, V, Leblond, S, Macchiavelli, AO, Marqués, FM, Matta, A, Ménager, L, Morfouace, P, Orr, NA, Pancin, J, Pereira-Lopez, X, Perrot, L, Piot, J, Pollacco, E, Ramos, D, Roger, T, Rotaru, F, Sánchez-Benítez, AM, Sénoville, M, Sorlin, O, Stanoiu, M, Stefan, I, Stodel, C, Suzuki, D, Thomas, J-C, and Vandebrouck, M

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The isovector and isoscalar components of neutron-proton pairing are investigated in the N=Z unstable nuclei of the fp-shell through the two-nucleon transfer reaction (p,3He) in inverse kinematics. The combination of particle and gamma-ray detection with radioactive beams of 56Ni and 52Fe, produced by fragmentation at the GANIL/LISE facility, made it possible to carry out this study for the first time in a closed and an open-shell nucleus in the fp-shell. The transfer cross-sections for ground-state to ground-state (J=0+, T=1) and to the first (J=1+, T=0) state were extracted for both cases together with the transfer cross-section ratios σ(0+,T=1)/σ(1+,T=0). They are compared with second-order distorted-wave born approximation (DWBA) calculations. The enhancement of the ground-state to ground-state pair transfer cross-section close to mid-shell, in 52Fe, points towards a superfluid phase in the isovector channel. For the “deuteron-like” transfer, very low cross-sections to the first (J=1+, T=0) state were observed both for 56Ni(p,3He) and 52Fe(p,3He) and are related to a strong hindrance of this channel due to spin-orbit effect. No evidence for an isoscalar deuteron-like condensate is observed.

Published
2022

49. The TLR3 L412F polymorphism prevents TLR3-mediated tumor cell death induction in pediatric sarcomas

Author

Bisaccia, Joseph, Meyer, Swann, Bertrand-Chapel, Adrien, Hecquet, Quentin, Barbet, Virginie, Kaniewski, Bastien, Léon, Sophie, Gadot, Nicolas, Rochet, Isabelle, Fajnorova, Iveta, Leblond, Pierre, Cordier-Bussat, Martine, Corradini, Nadège, Vasiljevic, Alexandre, Billaud, Marc, Picard, Cécile, Broutier, Laura, Gallerne, Cindy, Dutour, Aurélie, Blay, Jean-Yves, and Castets, Marie

Published
2023
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50. Development of the WAter-interface Permeation In Tritium-exposed materIals (Wapiti) tritium experiment and preliminary Eurofer97 results

Author

F. Montupet-Leblond, E. Bernard, S. Feuillastre, S. Garcia-Argote, E.A. Hodille, M. Payet, and C. Grisolia

Subjects
Permeation, Trapping, Eurofer97, Tritium, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract

The control of tritium inventory and permeation is crucial for the safe operation of fusion reactors. To measure these phenomena, a novel tritium experiment is introduced and used to measure tritium permeation through Eurofer97 at room temperature, with several possibilities for the downstream conditions: air or water and overhead air. A pre-loading condition was shown to be required for this experiment. This direct comparison revealed that tritium is preferentially found in the water phase and secondarily in the air phase.

Published
2024
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