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Purpose: The use of e-cigarettes can worsen mental health symptoms in young adults. However, little is known about how young adults' mental health may relate to their reasons for using e-cigarettes (vaping). We examined the association of mental health and vaping reasons among young adults who currently vape. Methods: Data were analyzed from a sample of young adults who vape (N = 436, Mage=25.19) who participated in an online survey assessing mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) and vaping reasons (vape for tension reduction or relaxation, user experience, product or substance, or utility). We conducted multiple regressions and ANCOVAs, controlling for age, gender, past 30-day e-cigarette use, and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Results: Experiencing higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were associated with vaping for tension reduction or relaxation among young adults who vape (ps < 0.001) and for those who dual use e-cigarettes and cigarettes (ps < 0.01). Experiencing severe anxiety level was associated with vaping for tension reduction or relaxation than among those experiencing minimal, mild or moderate anxiety (ps < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings show that higher stress, anxiety, and depression are associated with greater likelihood of vaping for tension reduction or relaxation. More research should examine the association of stress, anxiety, and depression on vaping in young adults to identify and determine appropriate interventions to help with vaping cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify more detailed use behaviors and motivations for same-day co-use of tobacco and cannabis among U.S. young adults, compared to previous literature on co-use. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among N = 303 U.S. young adults (ages 18–30, mean 25.9) during February 2024 through Prolific. The questions included co-use behaviors of tobacco and cannabis within the same day, and motivations for tobacco, cannabis, and their co-use. Using R, paired two-sample t-tests were used to compare mean differences of separate motivations to use measures for cannabis and tobacco among participants with same day co-use. Results: Among participants who reported past-30-day co-use of tobacco and cannabis (n = 176), a majority (94%; n = 160) reported same-day co-use. Participants who engaged in same-day co-use (n = 160) reported craving nicotine (60%), craving cannabis (54%), and feeling stressed (49%) as reasons for co-use. Among participants who engaged in same-day co-use, motivations for using cannabis (vs. tobacco) were higher for the level of effect, satisfying feeling, control over how much used, time to feel the effect, liking, purity, price, variety of product, amount to feel the effect, feeling less judged (p's < 0.024), and motivations for using tobacco (vs. cannabis) were higher for convenience, when feeling angry, and when feeling uncomfortable or upset (p's < 0.044). Conclusions: Findings show that young adults may be co-using tobacco and cannabis on the same day due to cravings for both substances and stress and yet have different motivations for using cannabis and tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking inspiration from diverse interlocking and adhesion structures found in nature, a biaxially interlocking interface is developed in this work. This interface is formed by interconnecting two electrostatically flocked substrates and its mechanical strength is enhanced through the incorporation of enoki‐mushroom‐shaped microfibers and deposited extracellular matrix (ECM). Tips of flocked straight fibers can be transformed into mushroom shapes through thermal treatment. The tensile strength of interlocked scaffolds with mushroom‐shaped tips drastically increases when compared to scaffolds made of straight fibers, which is not reported previously. More cells proliferate within interlocked scaffolds with mushroom‐shaped tips than scaffolds with straight fibers. Additionally, the mechanical strength (e.g., compressive, tensile, and shear) of cell‐seeded interlocked scaffolds increases proportionally to the amount of ECM deposited by dermal fibroblasts. The biaxially interlocking interface developed in this study holds promise for applications in engineering interfacial tissues, modeling tissue interfaces, investigating tissue–tissue interactions, and facilitating tissue bridging or binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the cornerstone intervention for cardiac arrest, with extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) demonstrating enhanced survival and neurologic outcomes in in‐hospital cardiac arrest. This study explores the time interval between CPR initiation and the onset of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in ECPR recipients, investigating its impact on survival outcomes. Methods: This retrospective analysis included 1950 adults who received CPR at a single medical center between March 2019 and April 2023. Data from 198 adult patients who had ECMO inserted during CPR were analyzed. The interval from CPR initiation to ECMO initiation was quantified and categorized as ≤20, 20–40, and >40 min. Cox regression analysis assessed associations between CPR‐to‐ECMO time and short‐ and long‐term mortalities. Results: Among the 198 patients who underwent ECPR, 116 (58.6%) experienced 30‐day mortality. Initiation of ECMO within 20 min occurred in 46 (23.2%), whereas 74 (37.4%) had ECMO initiated after 40 min. Cox regression revealed a significant association between time from CPR to ECMO initiation and 30‐day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.20 in >40 min, HR: 2.63 in 20–40 min, p = 0.006) and 6‐month mortality (HR: 1.81, in >40 min, HR: 1.99 in 20–40 min, p = 0.021). Conclusions: This study revealed that, in ECPR recipients, a shorter duration between CPR initiation and ECMO flow commencement is associated with improved short‐ and long‐term patient prognoses. These findings emphasize the critical role of timely ECMO application in optimizing outcomes for patients undergoing ECPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How families function plays a central role in individuals' self-management of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes (preDM; Baig et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2017; Rintala et al., 2013). [...], Introduction: How families function and provide support plays a central role in patients&apos; self-management of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes (preDM). Families would benefit from communication training, which is rarely incorporated into diabetes self-management education (DSME). Mothers are especially in need of this support. Women are at a higher risk of T2DM, and when mothers are patients, they can prioritize their family role and family&apos;s well-being over their personal needs as a patient. Method: To identify family communication that affects mothers&apos; ability to self-manage T2DM/preDM, we interviewed 17 mothers aged 36-64 (M = 56). Transcripts were thematically analyzed. Results: Women described four family communication experiences affecting self-care: (a) family-of-origin communication (e.g., weight/diet messages during childhood), (b) communal coping communication (e.g., adopting healthy behaviors as a family), (c) communication inhibiting communal coping (e.g., negative response to mothers&apos; lifestyle changes), and (d) mothers taking the lead (e.g., leading conversations or communicating control over family&apos;s lifestyle decisions). Discussion: Findings highlight the need for a family systems approach to DSME. Communication from multiple bonds (e.g., spouse, children) and past family-of-origin experiences impact self-care. Communal coping (appraising diabetes as "our" problem) was critical to self-management as mothers struggled to balance their needs with family members&apos; preferences/attitudes. When not supported, mothers who took the lead communicatively could facilitate communal coping or prioritize self-care needs. Findings can inform a family-centered approach to DSME that highlights the importance of communal coping, provides all members communication skills training, and addresses the need for mothers to prioritize personal well-being. Public Significant Statement This study illustrates how family communication (across relationships and generations) is central to mothers&apos; ability to self-manage T2DM or pre-DM, demonstrating the need for diabetes self-management education to be family-centered. Mothers struggle to balance their own disease management needs with the preferences of their family members with regard to diet and exercise habits. When families communally cope together, mothers&apos; ability to manage T2DM/pre-DM is enhanced. When families do not cope together, it is important that mothers take the lead in making lifestyle changes they need to promote better disease management. Keywords: diabetes management, family communication, communal coping, mother