Search

Purpose: This study examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and resilience through a sense of purpose in life (SP) among 578 college students, applying resilience theory and positive psychology. Materials and methods: Using a cross-sectional, online survey design, data were collected. Most respondents were female (71.9%), heterosexual (69.9%), and Caucasian (61.6%) undergraduate students. Results: The results indicated that ACEs were not directly related to resilience (β = −.09,.05). SP had an indirect effect in the relationship between ACEs and resilience (β = −.11, 95% CI = −.16 to −.05). SP fully mediated the association between ACEs and resilience in college students. Discussion: This indicates that students with a history of ACEs tend to have lower levels of resilience due to their reduced levels of SP. Conclusion: Trauma-informed, campus-wide interventions targeting SP for college students who were exposed to ACEs may be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to test children's subjective perception of participation in decision‐making in school and community as protective factors against the negative effects of bullying on child subjective well‐being in three East Asian countries and territories—South Korea, Hong Kong and Taiwan. This study is based on the subset of data from the third wave of the Children's World survey that consists of 5717 children 10–12 years of age. Our findings suggest that the children with bullying victimization who experience more participation in decision‐making in their school and local community are less likely to have decreased well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescent bullying is a concern for adolescents, parents, teachers, school officials, and the general public. The purpose of the study is to apply Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems perspective and explore factors that are correlated with bullying perpetration and victimization among 638 urban African American adolescents in Chicago's Southside. Bullying victimization and perpetration are found to be influenced by microsystem-level factors, such as exposure to delinquent peers, teacher support, and neighborhood disorganization. An intervention strategy that involves teachers is particularly important. Anti-bullying intervention and prevention programs in urban schools need to account for the unique situations of urban African American adolescents.

Children and adolescents who are overweight or obese are at a heightened risk of bullying involvement. The aim of the literature review is to review empirical research on weight-based bullying published between 2006 and 2016. Extant research was categorised by the following themes: (1) prevalence of weight-based bullying and peer victimisation; (2) weight-based outcomes of bullying and peer victimisation; (3) bullying outcomes of weight gain and obesity; and (4) psychosocial distress and outcomes associated with weight-based bullying. Findings from the studies reviewed suggest that the prevalence of bullying is high in children who are overweight or obese. Moreover, longitudinal studies revealed that childhood bullying experiences can increase the risk of health problems, including weight gain and obesity. Further, children who are overweight or obese are at a heightened risk of bullying and peer victimisation. Finally, weight-based bullying experiences were found to be related to psychosocial problems, including lower motivation for physical activity, higher avoidance and emotional coping strategies, low self-esteem, and academic problems. Implications for practice are also discussed.

This study aimed to examine the role of parental monitoring and help seeking in the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in male and female college students. Data were collected for 336 college students (71.72% female and 28.28% male) aged 18 to 24 or older years from two universities in the Midwest and the South Central regions. Logistic regression indicated the interaction term of cyberbullying victimization and parental monitoring was negatively related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors in a male group (B = −.155, p <.05, Exp(B) =.86). Male students whose parents monitored about being safe on the computer had dramatically fewer suicidal thoughts/behaviors. In both male and female groups, seeking professional help was not a significant moderator that weakened the relationship. There is a need for additional research on the importance of prevention and intervention efforts to foster open dialogue between students and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By drawing from positive psychology and general strain theory, this study examined whether a sense of purpose in life has an indirect effect between college students' cyberbullying victimization and their depressive symptoms, cyberbullying perpetration, and suicidal thoughts/behaviors. Data were collected from 314 college students (69.9% female) aged 18 to 24 and older from two universities in the Midwest and South-central region of the United States. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) identified that cyberbullying victimization was positively associated with depressive symptoms and cyberbullying perpetration. Moreover, cyberbullying victimization indirectly affected depressive symptoms through a sense of purpose in life. This study will emphasize the importance of fostering cyberbullied college students' purpose in life to college staff, administrators, faculty, and practitioners, and will provide them with strategies to develop campus-wide cyberbullying interventions for college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have documented that some bully victims fall into a subcategory of bullying called "bully victims" in which the victim becomes the aggressor. However, studies to date have not examined the pathways linking bully victimization and aggressive behavior. To address this research gap, this study applies the problem behavior theory, theory of stress and coping, and general strain theory to explore possible pathways from bully victimization to aggressive behavior by examining the mediating effects of low life satisfaction, drug use, and exposure to peer deviance. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the path model from a sample of 1,676 adolescents, aged 13 to 17 years. Data were derived from the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey. Findings revealed that bully victimization was positively associated with aggressive behavior. Moreover, bully victims displayed lower levels of life satisfaction. In addition, bully victims who were frequently exposed to peer deviance and drug use were likely to engage in bullying. These findings support the problem behavior theory and general strain theory and have implications for research, practice, and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have not focused much on the risk or protective factors of Hispanic college students’ cyberbullying victimization. This study applied the stress, appraisal, and coping theory to examine how the association between cyberbullying victimization and a Hispanic college student’s sense of purpose in life might be explained by their depressive symptoms. We also examined how religious beliefs moderate the association of the effect of cyberbullying victimization on a sense of purpose in life via depressive symptoms. The PROCESS Macro was used to examine a moderated mediation model from a sample of 168 Hispanic college students. Findings revealed that depressive symptoms mediated the effect of cyberbullying victimization on a sense of purpose in life. Moreover, cyberbullying victimization on a sense of purpose in life via depressive symptoms was significantly moderated by religious beliefs. These findings support the stress, appraisal, and coping theory and provide implications for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examined how adverse family events (i.e., adult family incarceration, adult family substance use, and adult family mental illness) were associated with adolescent bullying perpetration. More specifically, this study examined whether levels of future orientation mediated the link between adult family incarceration, substance use, and mental illness and bullying perpetration. A sample of 637 African American adolescents from the Southside of Chicago was used for this study. Adult family incarceration, substance use, and mental illness were all found to be positively associated with bullying perpetration. Also, adult family substance use and mental illness were positively associated with low levels of future orientation, which was significantly related to bullying perpetration. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding how adverse family events are related to adolescent bullying. Implications for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

African American youths, especially those in low resource communities, are vulnerable to peer victimization, which can increase risk of sexually transmitted infections. However, few studies explored the relationship between these two health concerns and the pathways that may link them. The present study aimed to address this gap. We used descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and structural equation modeling to analyze data collected from 277 adolescents ages 13 to 24 years in Chicago. Primary results indicated that peer victimization was not directly related to acquisition of sexually transmitted infections. However, peer victimization was negatively associated with condom use, and condom use was negatively associated with sexually transmitted infections. Furthermore, affiliation with sexually active peers was positively associated with substance use. These findings have implications for bullying and sexual risk prevention and intervention of low-income youths. Attention to treatment approaches and interventions that are holistic and culturally feasible is recommended for practitioners working with urban youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyberbullying is rapidly increasing in South Korea. The present article reviews research on factors associated with cyberbullying perpetration and victimization in South Korea. Study findings suggest a number of factors within individual, family, peer, and school levels. Relations with parents, parental verbal abuse, and a lack of attachment are related to perpetration. Delinquent peer association is positively associated with perpetration and victimization, and students’ school satisfaction is negatively associated with this victimization. Adolescents’ use of social networking sites and social media and lack of rules in cyberspace are found to increase perpetration and victimization. Research and practice implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]