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Aim: This study aimed to analyze extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD)‐specific survival, overall survival, and recurrence rate (RR) in patients with EMPD in South Korea, with a focus on wide local excision. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with EMPD from 1993 to 2020 at Kyungpook National University Hospital. We determined the survival and RRs after wide local excision. Results: A total of 95 patients (66 males and 29 females; mean age 67.4 years) were included. The 5‐year disease‐specific survival and overall survival were 91.8% and 79.3%, respectively, whereas the 10‐year rates were 81.6% and 64.7%, respectively. No significant sex differences were observed. Seventy‐five patients (78.9%) underwent wide local excision. Mucosal involvement and lymphadenopathy were identified as the significant prognostic factors of disease‐specific survival in multivariate analysis. The RR was 14.7% in patients who underwent wide local excision: seven local, two regional, and two distant metastases, with a mean recurrence‐free interval of 42.3 months. Conclusion: Based on the survival and RRs obtained, surgical treatment of EMPD with wide local excision provides fair curative resection. Practitioner points: Wide local excision can be a feasible treatment option for extramammary Paget's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hair follicles (HFs) undergo lifelong cyclical transformations, progressing through stages of rapid growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and relative "quiescence" (telogen). Given that HF cycling abnormalities underlie many human hair growth disorders, the accurate classification of individual cycle stages within skin biopsies is clinically important and essential for hair research. For preclinical human hair research purposes, human scalp skin can be xenografted onto immunocompromised mice to study human HF cycling and manipulate long-lasting anagen in vivo. Although available for mice, a comprehensive guide on how to recognize different human hair cycle stages in vivo is lacking. In this article, we present such a guide, which uses objective, well-defined, and reproducible criteria, and integrates simple morphological indicators with advanced, (immuno)-histochemical markers. This guide also characterizes human HF cycling in xenografts and highlights the utility of this model for in vivo hair research. Detailed schematic drawings and representative micrographs provide examples of how best to identify human HF stages, even in suboptimally sectioned tissue, and practical recommendations are given for designing human-on-mouse hair cycle experiments. Thus, this guide seeks to offer a benchmark for human hair cycle stage classification, for both hair research experts and newcomers to the field.

Background: Venous malformations (VMs) are distinguished from lymphatic malformations (LMs) when specific diagnostic skin lesions are present. In the deep type, this is difficult by clinico‐radiologic evaluation alone. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of lymphatic vessel endothelial cell (LEC) markers for the differential diagnosis of the deep VMs and LMs. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted based on the medical records of patients with VMs and LMs who underwent biopsy with both D2‐40 and PROX‐1 immunohistochemistry. We compared the initial clinico‐radiological diagnosis with the final pathological diagnosis and identified which ones showed a difference. Results: From 261 patients who had VMs and LMs, 111 remained after the exclusion of those who showed definite surface diagnostic features. After pathological diagnosis with the expressions of D2‐40 and PROX‐1, 38 of 111 (34.2%) patients' final diagnoses were changed. Among these 38 cases, diagnosis was not changed by D2‐40 positivity alone, but changed by PROX‐1 positivity alone (52.6%) or by both (47.4%). The diagnostic changes were more frequent in the deep category (43.7%) than in the superficial category. Conclusions: Identifying the expression of D2‐40, and especially PROX‐1, in the differential diagnosis of VMs and LMs may provide important treatment guidelines and understanding their natural course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a case of neutrophilic dermatosis of the hands associated with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in a 72-year-old female. The patient presented with annular papules and plaques on both hands, which were initially misdiagnosed and treated with oral steroids. A punch biopsy revealed dense neutrophil infiltration, leading to the correct diagnosis of neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands. The patient received chemotherapy for the underlying leukemia, and her skin lesions improved with treatment. The case highlights the importance of considering underlying systemic diseases in cases of dermatological conditions like neutrophilic dermatosis. [Extracted from the article]

Recently, functional or preservative surgery has been preferred for nail unit melanoma; however, complete resection of the nail unit, particularly the matrix, is challenging because of its complex structure. This study aims to measure the distance of important nail structures through ultrasonography. Herein, 14 patients without nail deformity were included. The length from the nail cuticle to the distal interphalangeal joint (distance X), to the attachment part of the extensor muscle (distance A), to the median proximal end of the nail matrix (distance B), and to the lateral proximal end of the nail matrix (distance C) were measured. In the axial plane, the length from the highest point of the nail plate to the bottom of the distal phalanx (distance Y) and to the lateral tip of the nail plate (distance D) were measured. On the first fingernail, third fingernail, first toenail, and third toenail, the mean ratio A:X, ratio B:X, ratio C:X, and ratio D:Y were 78.6%, 44.3%, 57.2%, 40.1%, and 84.6%; 55.9%, 64.9%, 40.2%, and 66.4%; 35.6%, 50.8%, 34.3%, and 81.9%; and 57.2%, 59.6%, and 31.7%, respectively. Nail units are often invisible to the naked eye; thus, this study will help identify the approximate scope of excision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary cutaneous malignancies are among the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer worldwide. We aimed to examine the incidence and 5‐year survival rates of all types of primary cutaneous malignancies in the Korean population. Data from the Korean Nationwide Cancer Registry from 1999 to 2019 were analyzed. The crude incidence rates, age‐standardized incidence rates, and 5‐year relative survival rates of each type of skin cancer were calculated. A total of 89 965 patients were diagnosed with primary cutaneous malignancies, which was a 7‐fold increase from 1999 to 2019. The age‐standardized incidence rates increased 3.4‐fold in basal cell carcinoma (3.7/100 000 person‐years), 2.0‐fold in squamous cell carcinoma (1.6/100 000 person‐years), 12.0‐fold in Bowen disease (1.2/100 000 person‐years), and 1.8‐fold in malignant melanoma (0.7/10 000 person‐years) in 2019. Average annual percentage changes in age‐standardized incidence rates were statistically significant in basal cell carcinoma (15.8%), Bowen disease (5.8%), squamous cell carcinoma (5.1%), malignant melanoma (1.2%), melanoma in situ (1.1%), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (1.2%), mycosis fungoides (0.5%), primary cutaneous CD30+ T‐cell proliferations (0.5%), adnexal and skin appendage carcinoma (0.4%), extramammary Paget's disease (0.2%), and Merkel cell carcinoma (0.2%). The 5‐year relative survival rates were the highest in basal cell carcinoma (103.3%), followed by dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (99.7%) and mycosis fungoides (96.6%), and lowest in angiosarcoma (24.7%). The 5‐year relative survival rates steadily increased in extramammary Paget's disease (23.6%), cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma (21.3%), mycosis fungoides (20.2%), extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type (18.1%), and malignant melanoma (16.1%) from 1996–2000 to 2015–2019. Most primary cutaneous malignancies have increased in incidence and survival rates in the Korean population, but to varying extents depending on the type of skin cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Cutaneous malignant melanoma is known to have a poorer prognosis in Asian patients as compared to Caucasians. Few studies have analysed the overall survival rate (OS) and melanoma-specific survival rate (MSS) of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma in South Korea. Aim This study aims to analyse the OS, MSS and prognostic factors of patients with invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma in South Korea. Methods The medical records of patients diagnosed with invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma from July 2006 to June 2016 at Kyungpook National University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The OS/MSS of these patients were calculated in accordance with the Eighth American Joint Committee on Center staging system and the prognostic factors affecting MSS were analysed. Results A total of 202 patients with a mean age of 61.5 years were included. The 5-year OS/MSS was 64.4%/70.7% in the patients. The 5-year OS/MSS was 94.7%/97.1% for stage I, 67.2%/76.3% for stage II, 54.4%/59.1% for stage III, and 0%/0% for stage IV. On univariate analysis, the age, sex, Breslow thickness, ulceration, microsatellites, satellites, locally recurrent or in-transit metastasis, tumour metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes and clinicopathological stage were all significantly associated with the MSS, but not with acral distribution or BRAF mutation status. However, on multivariate analysis only the Breslow thickness, ulceration and stage IV were significantly associated with the MSS. Limitations This study was conducted retrospectively in a relatively small number of patients at a single tertiary center in South Korea. Conclusions The OS/MSS of patients with invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma in South Korea was lower than those in Caucasians. In addition to the Breslow thickness and ulceration, the impact of tumour location and sentinel nodal metastasis on cutaneous malignant melanoma should be reevaluated to better understand the disease prognosis in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Jun. Park, Seok-Jong. Lee, Jun. Kim Sir, An 89-year-old woman presented with a year-old squamous cell carcinoma on her vertex of the scalp, measuring 4.5 × 4.0 cm [Figure [...]