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In order to investigate the effect of the Cervi Pantotricuhum Cornu Herb-acupuncture treated on Shinsu(BL23) and Taejo(BL11) loci on the estrogen-deficiency osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in rats, serum osteocalcin estradiol progesterone follicular stimulating hormone(FSH) calcium(Ca) and phosphorous(P) levels were monitored. The results were as follows : 1. Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly (p

This study proposes the inverse differential information theory, which predicts a positive relationship between misestimation and misplacement, two types of overconfidence. The inverse differential information theory contrasts with the existing theory of differential information, which argues for a negative relationship between these two types of overconfidence. This study shows that these differences arise from opposing perspectives on the accuracy with which individuals assess their own abilities or performance compared to others'. The inverse differential information theory posits that people tend to evaluate others more objectively than they do themselves. A positive relationship between misestimation and misplacement predicts that overestimation and overplacement, as well as underestimation and underplacement, tend to occur together. Analysis using financial literacy data from South Korean adults supports the prediction of the inverse differential information theory. When these two types of overconfidence form a positive relationship, they are expected to have systematically a significant impact on human decision-making and behavior. This study empirically demonstrates that the positive relationship between misestimation and misplacement in financial literacy significantly influences individuals' financial behavior, specifically in the context of stock market participation experience. The inverse differential information theory requires further empirical validation across various domains, not just in the field of behavioral finance, to establish whether the positive interaction between misestimation and misplacement consistently influences human decision-making and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the corrosion resistance of Type 316 stainless steel as a candidate material for radioactive waste disposal canisters. The viability of stainless steel is examined under groundwater conditions with variations in pH, bisulfide ions (HS−), and chloride ions (Cl−) concentrations. Utilizing response surface methodology, correlations between corrosion factors and two crucial response variables, passive film breakdown potential and protection potential, are established. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests and advanced analytical techniques provide detailed insights into the material's behavior. This research goes beyond, deriving an equation through response surface methodology that elucidates the relationship between the factors and breakdown potential. HS− weakens the passive film and reduces the pitting corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. However, this study highlights the inhibitory effect of HS− on pitting corrosion when Cl− concentrations are below 0.001 M and at equivalent concentrations of HS−. Under these conditions, immediate re-passivation occurs from the destroyed passive film to metal sulfides such as FeS2, MoS2, and MoS3. As a result, no hysteresis loop occurs in the cyclic polarization curve in these conditions. This research contributes to the understanding of Type 316 stainless-steel corrosion behavior, offering implications for the disposal of radioactive waste in geological repositories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]