193 results on '"Leevy CM"'
Search Results
2. Introduction
- Author
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Leevy Cm and Baker H
- Subjects
World Wide Web ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Text mining ,business.industry ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Abnormalities of hepatic DNA synthesis in man
- Author
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Leevy Cm
- Subjects
Text mining ,DNA synthesis ,Liver ,business.industry ,Liver Diseases ,Medicine ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Computational biology ,DNA ,In Vitro Techniques ,business ,Tritium - Published
- 1966
4. Hepatic circulation and portal hypertension
- Author
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Leevy Cm and ten Hove W
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Portal venous pressure ,Biopsy ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Chronic liver disease ,Esophageal and Gastric Varices ,Gastroenterology ,Asymptomatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Blood Circulation Time ,Internal medicine ,Mesenchymal cell proliferation ,Hypertension, Portal ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiac Output ,Blood Volume ,Portography ,business.industry ,Liver Diseases ,General Medicine ,Hyperplasia ,medicine.disease ,Regimen ,Chronic Disease ,Splenomegaly ,Portal hypertension ,Vascular Resistance ,Esophagoscopy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Liver Circulation - Abstract
Portal hypertension is asymptomatic in its early phases, but always should be suspected in chronic liver disease. The diagnostic work-up should include radiologic studies of the hepatic vascular pattern, measurement of portal pressure, and estimation of total hepatic and portal blood flow. Portal hypertension is not spontaneously progressive, and an appropriate medical regimen is often effective n patients with mesenchymal cell proliferation or hyperplasia of endoplasmic reticulum. When the disease is refractory to medical measures, surgical therapy should preserve portal blood flow if at all possible.
- Published
- 1973
5. Inability of chronic alcoholics with liver disease to use food as a source of folates, thiamin and vitamin B6
- Author
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Baker, H, primary, Frank, O, additional, Zetterman, RK, additional, Rajan, KS, additional, ten Hove, W, additional, and Leevy, CM, additional
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Thiamin in the elderly—relation to alcoholism and to neurological degenerative disease
- Author
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Iber, FL, primary, Blass, JR, additional, Brin, M, additional, and Leevy, CM, additional
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Liver bromosulphonphthalein transport as a carrier mediated process
- Author
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G. L. Sottocasa, Claudio Tiribelli, Gabriella Sandri, M. Frezza, Enrico Panfili, Leevy CM, Tiribelli, Claudio, Panfili, Enrico, Sandri, Gabriella, Frezza, Mario, and Sottocasa, G. L.
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,disease ,liver, disease, biliary tract ,Chemistry ,Scientific method ,Internal medicine ,Carrier mediated ,medicine ,Biophysics ,biliary tract ,liver ,Gastroenterology - Abstract
Leevy CM (ed): Diseases of the Liver and Biliary Tract. 5th Quadrennial Meeting of the International Association for Study of the Liver, Acapulco, October 1974 With Standardization of Nomenclature, Diagnostic Criteria and Diagnostic Methodology With inserted brochure: Standardization, VI + 60p., broschiert, 1976
- Published
- 1976
8. Nutritional aspects of alcoholic liver disease.
- Author
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Leevy CM and Moroianu SA
- Subjects
- Avitaminosis etiology, Avitaminosis physiopathology, Diet, Female, Humans, Incidence, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic diagnosis, Liver Function Tests, Male, Malnutrition physiopathology, Nutritional Requirements, Nutritional Status, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Energy Metabolism physiology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic complications, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic metabolism, Malnutrition etiology
- Abstract
Development of ethanol-induced fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis has been attributed in part to nutritional deficiencies for many years. Special attention must be focused on treating alcohol-induced liver disease while providing replacement of deficient amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients. Avoidance of alcohol intake is required to eliminate progressive liver disease in alcoholics. This is best achieved by using educational and social programs to convince patients and their caretakers of the great necessity to eliminate alcohol intake.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Viral hepatitis C.
- Author
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Leevy CB, Zierer KG, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications, Genetic Variation, Hepacivirus genetics, Hepacivirus immunology, Interferons therapeutic use, Hepatitis C diagnosis, Hepatitis C genetics, Hepatitis C therapy
- Abstract
Identification of a cDNA clone and the genome of hepatitis C virus in 1988-1989 allowed the development of clinical tests that are now used to detect and quantify hepatitis C virus. This has largely eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis C virus infection; however, the overall incidence of chronic hepatitis C and its complications has greatly increased because of its transmission by other means, lack of a protective vaccine, and inadequate virucidal therapy. Drug abuse is the most common cause of hepatitis C; an etiologic mechanism, however, remains unknown in one third of patients referred to the New Jersey Medical School Liver Center. Response to treatment depends on the viral subtype, immune reactivity of the host, and hepatic pathologic alterations. Many patients with hepatitis C improve or are cured by administering an interferon with or without ribavirin; patients refractory to these measures exhibit persistent elevation of serum cytokines and progressive liver disease. New measures, including protease inhibitors and adjunct immunotherapy, should increase effectiveness of therapy, diminishing hepatitis C virus-induced cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Populations, including the underserved, who harbor and transmit hepatitis C virus require special assistance. This is best achieved by community support groups organized through medical schools, physician associations, and churches to help prevent, detect, and treat chronic hepatitis C.
- Published
- 1998
10. The founding and development of New Jersey Medical School.
- Author
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Leevy CM and Schwartz RA
- Subjects
- Biology, Curriculum, History, 20th Century, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), New Jersey, Organizational Objectives, Organizational Policy, Research Support as Topic, Schools, Dental history, Schools, Dental organization & administration, Schools, Medical organization & administration, Sociology, United States, Schools, Medical history
- Abstract
The need to address the social and biological aspects of medicine was emphasized at the founding of New Jersey Medical School in 1954. This need has remained a major goal, as the sponsorship, name, and location of the Medical School have changed with the times.
- Published
- 1994
11. Alcoholic liver disease.
- Author
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Leevy CB and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Humans, Liver Transplantation, Ethanol adverse effects, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic therapy
- Abstract
Alcoholism alone, or in combination with other etiologic factors, is a common cause of liver failure because of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular cancer. Encountered morphologic and functional alterations are due to immunologic reactivity to cell injury evoked by acetaldehyde, other noxious factors, and nutrient deficits. Less than 20% of subjects who consume over 90 g/d of ethanol for years develop progressive liver damage and cirrhosis. Alcoholism should be interrupted in patients with subclinical hepatic abnormalities. Although early alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis respond to abstinence and symptomatic therapy, available measures have little influence on functional and morphologic abnormalities in end-stage alcoholic liver disease. Resection is desirable for localized hepatocellular cancer, and liver transplantation should be considered for cirrhosis. Transplantation is appropriate for patients with uncomplicated end-stage alcoholic cirrhosis in whom evidence of liver failure can be controlled during a 6-month period of rehabilitation. Continuous psychosocial support is required to prevent recividism in the posttransplant immunosuppressed alcoholic.
- Published
- 1994
12. Liver disease in the alcoholic.
- Author
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Leevy CM and Leevy CB
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic immunology
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Excess vitamin A injures the liver.
- Author
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Baker H, ten Hove W, Kanagasundaram N, Zaki G, Leevy CB, Frank O, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis diagnosis, Liver Cirrhosis pathology, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic diagnosis, Middle Aged, Hypervitaminosis A complications, Liver Cirrhosis etiology
- Abstract
Chronic vitamin A intoxication in a 56-year-old female is reported. Some abnormal blood chemistries included elevated transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, increased cerebrospinal fluid and portal pressure, and elevated vitamin A in blood and liver. A liver biopsy indicated histologic evidence of perisinusoidal collagen deposition and noncoalescent fat droplets in Ito cells. Caution against the misdiagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis for vitamin A intoxication is recommended.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Use of a specific monoclonal antibody to detect Mallory bodies in liver disease.
- Author
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Leevy CB, Sameshima Y, Yoshioka K, Leevy CM, Kanagasundaram N, and Unoura M
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Biopsy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Griseofulvin pharmacology, Humans, Liver drug effects, Liver immunology, Liver Diseases complications, Liver Diseases immunology, Mice, Hybridomas pathology, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases pathology
- Abstract
Mallory bodies (MBs), which are common in alcoholic hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and liver disease associated with Type II diabetes mellitus, are often difficult to find on liver biopsy specimens or to predict from clinical or biochemical studies. Immunofluorescence studies with anti-NMB-1, a Mallory body-specific monoclonal antibody, indicate that this is a sensitive method for recognizing Mallory bodies in cryostat sections of liver from griseofulvin-treated mice or patients with liver disease. Validity of the leukocyte migration test, which facilitates detection and monitoring of patients who harbor Mallory bodies, is confirmed by pretreatment of Mallory bodies with anti-NMB-1. Prevention of Mallory body-induced migration inhibition by addition of anti-NMB-1 indicates that this effect is not due to inactivation of leukocytes by a Mallory body contaminant. Anti-NMB-1, developed using standard hybridoma techniques, does not react with normal hepatocytes or other cells. Investigations with SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting reveal that it exhibits binding with 62, 55, 42 kd peptides, and four other bands in the range from 40 to 30 kd from the Mallory bodies. The NMB-1 epitope which facilitates morphologic and clinical detection of Mallory bodies is distinct from cytokeratin and appears to be responsible for its immunogenicity.
- Published
- 1990
15. Hepatic proline after bile duct ligation in rats.
- Author
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Chen TS, Boesch CL, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Animals, Glycine metabolism, Ligation, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Cholestasis, Extrahepatic metabolism, Common Bile Duct physiology, Liver metabolism, Proline metabolism
- Abstract
Since biliary hyperplasia of fascioliasis correlated with hepatic proline level, we examined the occurrence of a similar chemical stimulus during bile obstruction. Uptake of tritiated proline and glycine rose in both hepatocytes and a bile duct enriched cell fraction, following duct ligation in rats. The increased hepatic content of proline but not glycine suggests that proline has a role in post-obstructive biliary proliferation.
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Diagnostic procedures in the evaluation of hepatic diseases. Functional evaluation of the biliary system.
- Author
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Leevy CM
- Subjects
- 5'-Nucleotidase, Alkaline Phosphatase blood, Bile Acids and Salts blood, Bilirubin blood, Bilirubin urine, Cholangiography, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Cholecystography, Humans, Indocyanine Green, Liver Diseases physiopathology, Nucleotidases blood, Rose Bengal, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography, gamma-Glutamyltransferase blood, Bile Ducts physiopathology, Liver Diseases diagnosis
- Published
- 1983
17. Lymphocyte proliferation inhibitory factor (PIF) in alcoholic liver disease.
- Author
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Chen T and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Antigens, Cell Division, Cell Migration Inhibition, Cells, Cultured, DNA biosynthesis, Fatty Liver immunology, Fibroblasts metabolism, Humans, Lectins pharmacology, Liver Cirrhosis immunology, Lymphocyte Activation, Alcoholism immunology, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury immunology, Lymphocytes immunology
- Abstract
Lymphocyte proliferation inhibitory factor (PIF) was determined in the supernatants of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from patients with alcoholic liver disease. PIF was assayed by determining inhibition of DNA synthesis in WI-38 human lung fibroblasts. A two-fold greater inhibition in thymidine incorporation into DNA by lung fibroblasts was observed in supernatants of PHA stimulated lymphocytes from patients with alcoholic hepatitis or active Laennec's cirrhosis as compared with that found in control subjects or patients with fatty liver. It is suggested that decreased liver cell regeneration seen in some patients with alcoholic hepatitis may be due to increased elaboration of PIF.
- Published
- 1976
18. Hepatic disease.
- Author
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Leevy CM
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. [Behavior of the lipid pattern and electrophoretic lipid levels in children with hepatitis A].
- Author
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Fredrickson DS, Leevy CM, and Tamir J
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Electrophoresis, Humans, Infant, Hepatitis A blood, Lipids blood
- Published
- 1976
20. Immunologic reactivity and alcoholic liver disease.
- Author
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Zetterman RK and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Acetaldehyde pharmacology, Alcoholism complications, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Caffeine pharmacology, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury etiology, Collagen biosynthesis, Ethanol immunology, Fatty Liver immunology, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Liver Cirrhosis etiology, Lymphocyte Activation, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors biosynthesis, Nutrition Disorders etiology, Nutrition Disorders immunology, Proline metabolism, Stimulation, Chemical, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury immunology, Ethanol adverse effects, Liver Cirrhosis immunology
- Published
- 1975
21. Effect of diazepam on the lower esophageal sphincter. A double-blind controlled study.
- Author
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Rushnak MJ and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Diazepam therapeutic use, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Endoscopy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle, Smooth drug effects, Parasympatholytics pharmacology, Premedication, Pressure, Diazepam pharmacology, Esophagogastric Junction drug effects
- Abstract
The effect of diazepam on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure was studied in a controlled randomized double-blind protocol. Twenty-five patients received intravenous saline, diazepam 5 mg. and diazepam 10 mg. on different days. Diazepam 5 mg. and diazepam 10 mg. caused a mean peak reduction in LES pressure of 18.9 and 37.8% respectively. The peak reduction in LES pressure was dose-related and lasted approximately seven minutes. Awareness of diazepam's ability to significantly lower LES pressure is needed to avoid the possibility of falsely diagnosing reflux by endoscopy. The mechanism whereby diazepam lowers LES pressure is not known, however, diazepam may be acting as a smooth muscle relaxant since myogenic influences have been implicated in the genesis of LES pressure.
- Published
- 1980
22. Liver disease of the alcoholic: role of immunologic abnormalities in pathogenesis, recognition, and treatment.
- Author
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Leevy CM, Chen T, Luisada-Opper A, Kanagasundaram N, and Zetterman R
- Subjects
- Antibody Formation, Antigens, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Ethanol immunology, Hepatitis immunology, Humans, Hyalin immunology, Immunity, Cellular, Immunotherapy, Liver Diseases diagnosis, Liver Diseases etiology, Liver Diseases therapy, Lymphocytes immunology, Alcoholism complications, Liver Diseases immunology
- Published
- 1976
23. Efficacy of hepatitis B immune serum globulin after accidental exposure. Preliminary report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study.
- Author
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Seeff LB, Wright EC, Finkelstein JD, Greenlee HB, Hamilton J, Leevy CM, Tamburro CH, Vlahcevic Z, Zimmon DS, Zimmerman HJ, Felsher BF, Garcia-Pont P, Dietz AA, Koff RS, Kiernan T, Schiff ER, Zemel R, and Nath N
- Subjects
- Clinical Trials as Topic, Environmental Exposure, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Follow-Up Studies, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B immunology, Hepatitis B Antibodies isolation & purification, Humans, Injections, Intramuscular, Time Factors, gamma-Globulins administration & dosage, gamma-Globulins therapeutic use, Hepatitis B prevention & control, Immunoglobulins administration & dosage
- Abstract
A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial has been undertaken to compare the efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin (H.B.I.G.) with that of immune serum globulin (I.S.G.) for the prophylaxis of viral hepatitis. Participants in the trial were individuals exposed accidentally to material infectious for hepatitis (primarily viral B hepatitis). Preliminary evaluation of the first 302 of the 561 individuals entered into the study indicates that H.B.I.G. significantly reduced the frequencies of both clinical and subclinical hepatitis during the first 3--4 months after the injection. Less than 10% of H.B.I.G. recipients had detectable anti-HBs at the sixth month after the injection, suggesting that H.B.I.G. might need to be given every 3--4 months to continually exposed individuals. Further long-term evaluation is required in order to define more clearly those most likely to benefit from H.B.I.G.
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Alcoholic hepatitis. Cell-mediated immunological response to alcoholic hyalin.
- Author
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Zetterman RK, Luisada-Opper A, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Hepatitis etiology, Humans, Lymphocytes immunology, Lymphocytes metabolism, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors biosynthesis, T-Lymphocytes immunology, T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Alcoholism complications, Hepatitis immunology, Hyalin immunology, Immunity, Cellular
- Abstract
Immunological reactivity in alcoholic hepatitis has bben attributed to alcoholic hyalin, the histological hallmark of this disease. A purified isolate of alcoholic hyalin with electron microscopic, biochemical, and serological characteristics documented previously was added to lymphocytes from healthy subjects and patients with alcoholic hepatitis or other hepatic disorders. Production of migration inhibition factor (MIF) in response to this material was used as an index to lymphocyte reactivity. MIF was significantly increased in lymphocytes obtained from patients with alcoholic hepatis, as compared to the healthy controls (P less than 0.001), and persons with other liver diseases (P less than 0.005). These observations indicate that immunological hyperreactivity to alcoholic hyalin occurs in patients with alcoholic hepatitis; such activity may be of key importance in the pathogenesis or sequelae (or both) of this disease.
- Published
- 1976
25. Alcoholic hyalin antigen (AHAg) and antibody (AHAb) in alcoholic hepatitis.
- Author
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Kanagasundaram N, Kakumu S, Chen T, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigen-Antibody Complex, Guinea Pigs, Hemagglutination Tests, Humans, Immune Adherence Reaction, Rabbits, Antibodies analysis, Antigens analysis, Hepatitis, Alcoholic immunology, Hyalin immunology, Liver immunology
- Abstract
Complement fixation (CF) and immune adherence (IA) hemagglutination tests demonstrate antigen (Ag) and antibody (Ab) to alcoholic hyalin (AH) in serum of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Immunoglobulins from postmortem liver of patients dying of alcoholic hepatitis show antibody activity against AH. Isolated purified AH was used to produce AHAb in rabbits. Rabbit antiserum was added to heat-inactivated human serum to detect AHAg; purified AH was added to serum and tissue elutes to detect AHAb. AHAg was present in serum of each of 15 patients with early phase alcoholic hepatitis in CF titers of 8 to 64 and IA titers of 16 to 2048. AHAg became negative within 3 to 5 weeks with abstinence from alcohol and was followed by transient appearance of AHAb. AHAb was present in 11 patients with advanced phases of alcoholic hepatitis in CF titers of 8 to 640 and IA titers of 16 to 4096. Four patients in this group exhibited concomitant AHAb and AHAg. Investigations of liver tissue elute reveal that patients with advanced alcoholic hepatitis or active alcoholic cirrhosis have AHAg-reactive immune complexes containing IgG and IgA immunoglobulins.
- Published
- 1977
26. The hepatic circulation and portal hypertension.
- Author
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Leevy CM and Kiernan T
- Subjects
- Animals, Ascites complications, Blood Flow Velocity instrumentation, Blood Pressure, Collateral Circulation, Contraceptives, Oral adverse effects, Esophageal and Gastric Varices complications, Esophagoscopy, Heart Failure complications, Humans, Hypertension, Portal diagnosis, Hypertension, Portal surgery, Jaundice complications, Liver Diseases etiology, Liver Regeneration, Liver Transplantation, Portacaval Shunt, Surgical, Portal System diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Radioisotope Dilution Technique, Thrombophlebitis complications, Hypertension, Portal physiopathology, Liver Circulation
- Published
- 1975
27. Operative vasopressin and mesocaval shunting for portal hypertension.
- Author
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Swan KG, Howard MM, Rocko JM, Rush BF Jr, Timmes JJ, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Aged, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Esophageal and Gastric Varices etiology, Esophageal and Gastric Varices surgery, Female, Hepatic Veins physiopathology, Humans, Hypertension, Portal complications, Hypertension, Portal physiopathology, Intraoperative Period, Male, Methods, Middle Aged, Portal Vein physiopathology, Arginine Vasopressin pharmacology, Hypertension, Portal surgery, Mesenteric Veins surgery, Vena Cava, Inferior surgery, Venous Pressure drug effects
- Published
- 1980
28. Cardiac function in alcoholics with cirrhosis: absence of overt cardiomyopathy--myth or fact?
- Author
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Ahmed SS, Howard M, ten Hove W, Leevy CM, and Regan TJ
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure, Blood Volume, Cardiac Catheterization, Cardiac Output, Coronary Circulation, Female, Humans, Liver blood supply, Male, Myocardial Contraction, Stroke Volume, Vascular Resistance, Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic physiopathology, Hemodynamics, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic physiopathology
- Abstract
Cardiomyopathy in alcoholics is considered to be associated with a low incidence of hepatic cirrhosis. To evaluate cardiac hemodynamics in alcoholic liver disease, left ventricular function in 37 patients with hepatic cirrhosis (group II) was compared with that in 13 normal subjects (group I) matched for age, sex and cardiac size. These groups were contrasted with group III, comprising 32 alcoholics without cirrhosis who had cardiac symptoms but no cardiomegaly or heart failure. Patients with cirrhosis as a group did not differ from normal subjects (group I) in terms of left ventricular filling pressure and cardiac muscle and pump function (cardiac index). However, subgroup IIA (n = 21) had a stroke index significantly less than normal, while subgroup IIB had a significantly increased stroke index and myocardial cardial contractility with a diminished systemic arterial resistance. Similar hepatic abnormalities were present in both subgroups. In group III, left ventricular end-diastolic and aortic mean pressures were significantly elevated compared with values in normal subjects, while cardiac index and indexes of ventricular contraction and relaxation were abnormal. Further examination of patients with cirrhosis indicated that the responses to volume or pressure increments in terms of the level of stroke work for a given filling pressure were most abnormal in group IIA, approximating those of group III. Thus, although overt cardiomyopathy is infrequent in patients with cirrhosis, asymptomatic myocardial disease may assume clinical importance during volume or pressure overload.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Red cell transketolase as an indicator of nutritional deficiency.
- Author
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Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Aged, Child, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Thiamine Deficiency enzymology, Erythrocytes enzymology, Nutrition Disorders enzymology, Transketolase blood
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Ethanol, immune reactions and the digestive system.
- Author
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Kanagasundaram N and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Digestive System immunology, Ethanol toxicity, Hepatitis, Alcoholic immunology, Humans, Immunity drug effects, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic immunology, Neoplasms immunology, Pancreatitis immunology, Alcoholism immunology, Digestive System Diseases immunology
- Published
- 1981
31. Type B hepatitis after needle-stick exposure: prevention with hepatitis B immune globulin. Final report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study.
- Author
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Seeff LB, Wright EC, Zimmerman HJ, Alter HJ, Dietz AA, Felsher BF, Finkelstein JD, Garcia-Pont P, Gerin JL, Greenlee HB, Hamilton J, Holland PV, Kaplan PM, Kiernan T, Koff RS, Leevy CM, McAuliffe VJ, Nath N, Purcell RH, Schiff ER, Schwartz CC, Tamburro CH, Vlahcevic Z, Zemel R, and Zimmon DS
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Clinical Trials as Topic, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Double-Blind Method, Female, Hepatitis B prevention & control, Hepatitis B Antigens, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Humans, Immune Sera, Injections adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Renal Dialysis, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Hepatitis B transmission, Immunoglobulins therapeutic use, Needles adverse effects
- Abstract
Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and immune serum globulin (ISG) were examined in a randomized, double-blind trial to assess their relative efficacies in preventing type B hepatitis after needle-stick exposure to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG)-positive donors. Clinical hepatitis developed in 1.4% of HBIG and in 5.9% of ISG recipients (P = 0.016), and seroconversion (anti-HBs) occurred in 5.6% and 20.7% of them respectively (P less than 0.001). Mild and transient side-effects were noted in 3.0% of ISG and in 3.2% of HBIG recipients. Available donor sera were examined for DNA polymerase (DNAP) and e antigen and antibody (HBeAg; anti-HBE). Both DNAP and HBeAg showed a highly statistically significant correlation with the infectivity of HBsAg-positive donors. Hepatitis B immune globulin remained significantly superior to ISG in preventing type B hepatitis even when the analysis was confined to these two high-risk subgroups. The efficacy of ISG in preventing type B hepatitis cannot be ascertained because a true placebo group was not included.
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Ethanol and cell replication in the digestive tract.
- Author
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Chen T, Kiernan T, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Alcoholism physiopathology, DNA Replication drug effects, Digestive System pathology, Digestive System physiopathology, Digestive System Neoplasms chemically induced, Humans, Liver drug effects, Pancreas drug effects, Regeneration, Stomach drug effects, Cell Division drug effects, Digestive System drug effects, Ethanol adverse effects
- Abstract
Ethanol-induced injury of the intestines, liver and pancreas evokes a regenerative response which is characterized by a series of morphological and biochemical adaptive responses in subcellular organelles, and an increase in chromosomal protein and DNA replication. Patterns of cell replication vary with the system involved, the amount of injury and the presence of essential precursors or catalysts needed for cell replication. Maintenance of normal cell replacement patterns in the digestive tract of the alcoholic requires correction of deficits and interruption of alcohol intake. An inadequate or excessive regenerative response is of key importance in perpetuating tissue injury in the alcoholic. Regenerative capacity has been evaluated in man by measurement of circulating levels of CEA and alpha-fetoprotein; unfortunately, there is often no correlation between cell replication and these parameters in the malnourished alcoholic. Studies of mitoses or organelle changes in biopsies of intestines and liver are valuable; however, accurate monitoring of regeneration is possible only by kinetic studies utilizing incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA.
- Published
- 1981
33. Protection of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate against toxicity of acetaldehyde to hepatocytes.
- Author
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Kakuma S, Leevy CM, Frank O, and Baker H
- Subjects
- Acetaldehyde antagonists & inhibitors, Benzylamines pharmacology, Cell Survival drug effects, Hepatitis, Alcoholic pathology, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Schiff Bases, Acetaldehyde toxicity, Liver drug effects, Pyridoxal Phosphate pharmacology
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Hepatitis B antigen in urban-caught mosquitoes.
- Author
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Dick SJ, Tamburro CH, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Aedes analysis, Culex analysis, Hepatitis A microbiology, Hepatitis B etiology, Hepatitis B Antibodies analysis, Humans, Insect Bites and Stings complications, New Jersey, Population Density, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Urban Population, Culicidae, Hepatitis A etiology, Hepatitis B Antigens isolation & purification, Insect Vectors
- Published
- 1974
35. Mallory bodies and primary biliary cirrhosis.
- Author
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Yoshioka K, Leevy CB, Sameshima Y, Kanagasundaram N, Unoura M, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cell Migration Inhibition, Glycosylation, Hepatitis, Alcoholic immunology, Hepatitis, Alcoholic metabolism, Hepatitis, Alcoholic pathology, Humans, Intermediate Filaments immunology, Intermediate Filaments metabolism, Leukocytes immunology, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary immunology, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary metabolism, Proteins metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary pathology, Proteins immunology
- Published
- 1986
36. Immunochemical studies on alcoholic hyalin.
- Author
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Matsumoto K, Saha A, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Amino Acids analysis, Animals, Antibodies immunology, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Cell Membrane immunology, Cell Nucleus immunology, Cross Reactions, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Humans, Hyalin analysis, Immunity, Immunodiffusion, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Liver ultrastructure, Mice, Rabbits, gamma-Globulins immunology, Hyalin immunology, Liver immunology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic immunology
- Published
- 1979
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Reversal of ethanol and indomethacin-induced suppression of hepatic DNA synthesis by 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2.
- Author
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McNeil GE, Chen TS, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Animals, Ethanol pharmacology, Hepatectomy, Indomethacin pharmacology, Liver metabolism, Liver Regeneration drug effects, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, DNA Replication drug effects, Liver drug effects, Prostaglandins E, Synthetic pharmacology
- Abstract
Investigations were undertaken to determine effectiveness of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) in overcoming the suppressive effects of ethanol and/or indomethacin on hepatic DNA synthesis. Adult litter mate Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to sham operation or partial hepatectomy. Immediately after partial hepatectomy, and at 8-hr intervals for 24 hr, the rats were given: (a) ethanol with and without dmPGE2 or (b) indomethacin with and without ethanol and/or dmPGE2. DmPGE2 produced a significant increase in DNA synthesis in sham-operated (p less than 0.001) and untreated partially hepatectomized animals (p less than 0.025). Ethanol and indomethacin caused a 6- and 18-fold reduction, respectively, in hepatic DNA synthesis following partial hepatectomy. DmPGE2 overcame the inhibitory effect of ethanol (p less than 0.005) and indomethacin (p less than 0.0005) in partially hepatectomized animals. Mitoses were decreased concomitantly with ethanol and/or indomethacin-induced reduction in DNA synthesis and increased with administration of dmPGE2. It is concluded that dmPGE2 increases hepatic DNA synthesis and regeneration in normal rat liver and overcomes their inhibition when ethanol and/or indomethacin is given after partial hepatectomy. Timing of dmPGE2 administration is crucial. When given 30 min before ethanol, it completely inhibits suppression of regenerative activity; omission of this "priming" dmPGE2 dose results in only 44% of DNA synthesis obtained in control animals.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Nutritional factors in liver disease of the alcoholic.
- Author
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Leevy CM, Frank O, Leevy CB, and Baker H
- Subjects
- DNA biosynthesis, Humans, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes immunology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic diet therapy, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic immunology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic metabolism, Liver Regeneration, Nutrition Disorders metabolism, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic etiology, Nutrition Disorders complications
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Hepatic disease in asymptomatic parenteral narcotic drug abusers: a Veterans Administration collaborative study.
- Author
-
Seeff LB, Zimmerman HJ, Wright EC, Schiff ER, Kiernan T, Leevy CM, Tamburro CH, and Ishak KG
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Alcoholism complications, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Chronic Disease, Female, Health Surveys, Hepatitis B blood, Hepatitis B immunology, Hepatitis B Antigens analysis, Hepatitis B virus isolation & purification, Humans, Infusions, Parenteral, Liver enzymology, Liver Diseases etiology, Male, Serologic Tests standards, Transaminases analysis, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Hepatitis B etiology, Narcotics administration & dosage, Substance-Related Disorders complications
- Abstract
The Veterans Administration is currently conducting a collaborative study in three hospital-based drug treatment clinics to evaluate asymptomatic parenteral drug addicts for evidence of hepatic disease. Preliminary data are presented on 347 patients who have completed at least three months of follow-up evaluation. On admission, abnormal serum transaminase values were demonstrated in one half, HBs Ag in 7 per cent, and anti-HBs in 59 per cent. The frequency of these findings increased during the follow-up evaluation, only 19 (5.5 per cent) remaining entirely free of one or more of these abnormalities. Definable hepatologic disease (acute or chronic hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis) developed in 46 per cent of the patients. However, among 60 of them subjected to liver biopsy, a poor correlation was noted between the clinical and histologic diagnoses. In particular, routine liver function and immunologic tests did not discriminate between histologically detected chronic active and chronic persistent hepatitis. However, HBs Ag was present significantly more frequently in those with chronic active hepatitis. Wide variability of histologic diagnoses was seen among patients subjected to more than one biopsy, apparent progression and regression of the lesion being noted. This demonstrates the hazard of attempting to assign a prognosis to the disease on the basis of a single liver biopsy specimen, and suggests that repeated biopsies should be mandatory for the evaluation of chronic liver disease in drug addicts.
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effect of peritoneo-venous shunt on portal pressure.
- Author
-
Samanta AK and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Cardiac Output, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic therapy, Plasma Volume, Pulmonary Wedge Pressure, Time Factors, Blood Pressure, Hepatic Veins physiopathology, Peritoneovenous Shunt
- Abstract
The cause of variceal bleed after a peritoneo-venous shunt is not known. Portal haemodynamic consequences of a peritoneo-venous shunt are poorly understood. The most critical period after a peritoneo-venous shunt is the early postoperative period when rapid mobilisation of peritoneal fluid occurs. Serial changes in the portal pressure during the early postoperative period have not been recorded. In the present study preoperative wedge hepatic vein (WHV), right atrial (RA) and pulmonary capillary wedged (PCW) pressures, cardiac index (CI), and plasma volume (PV) were measured in five alcoholic cirrhotic patients with tense ascites for up to 20 hours postoperatively. The longterm effect was assessed by repeating the intrahepatic and/or wedged hepatic vein pressures in three of the surviving patients after 10 to 20 months. A significant increase in the circulatory dynamics and portal pressure was seen within two hours after shunt placement. Wedged hepatic vein pressure increased from 27.6 (8.2) mmHg to 37.2 (9.2) mmHg (p less than 0.01), RA pressure increased from 6.8 (1.5) mmHg to 14.0 (4.3) mmHg (p less than 0.05), PCW increased from 7.2 (3.5) mmHg to 19.3 (5.7) mmHg (p less than 0.01), CI increased from 3.4 (0.27) lit/m2/min to 4.3 (0.85) lit/m2/min (p less than 0.05). This was accompanied by a 34% increase in the plasma volume from 1838.5 (142.1) to 2471.4 (210) ml/m2. These derangements were maintained up to 20 hours postoperatively. After 10 to 20 months, repeat measurements revealed a return to preoperative measurements. It is concluded that there is an acute increase portal pressure after a peritoneo-venous shunt attributed to increased circulation plasma volume, resulting from rapid mobilisation of ascitic fluid after the shunt. A sudden increase in portal pressure might be an important provoking factor for variceal bleeding after peritoneo-venus shunt.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Liver disease of the alcoholic.
- Author
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Leevy CM, Tamburro CH, and Zetterman R
- Subjects
- Alcoholism therapy, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular etiology, Ethanol metabolism, Fatty Liver chemically induced, Humans, Indocyanine Green, Liver drug effects, Liver metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis chemically induced, Liver Diseases diagnosis, Liver Diseases diet therapy, Liver Diseases drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms chemically induced, Alcoholism complications, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury etiology
- Abstract
Significant liver disease including fatty metamorphosis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatoma occur in two thirds of subjects who consume alcoholic beverages in sufficient quantities to interfere with work and social responsibilities; this is of major importance in the rapidly escalating morbidity and mortality from alcoholism. Chronic alcoholics should be routinely evaluated for the presence of altered liver function and structure. Clearance of indocyanine green using dichromatic ear densitometry and computer and analysis provides a simple and sensitive method for mass screening of such patients. Clinical studies of lymphocyte reactivity to purified alcoholic hyaline may be valuable in recognizing alcoholic hepatitis, the precursor of cirrhosis. Ethanol toxicity, malnutrition and constitutional factors contribute to the development of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in alcoholics. Ethanol and/or acetaldehyde and the supernatant from lymphocytes stimulated by alcoholic hyaline cause a significant increase in the incorporation of proline into collagen of the damaged liver. Abstinence and correction of nutrient deficits are the cornerstones of treatment for alcoholic liver disease; a daily meal and dietary supplements should be provided for those with liver injury who continue to imbibe. Alcoholics with progressive liver disease despite supportive therapy may be aided by pharmacologic agents which suppress immunologic response and reduce fibrogenesis.
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Treatment of liver disease of the alcoholic: a composite approach.
- Author
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Leevy CM, Kanagasundaram N, and Smith F
- Subjects
- Ascites therapy, Biological Transport, Active, Biopsy, Cholestasis complications, DNA Replication, Diet, Enterohepatic Circulation, Fatty Liver, Alcoholic therapy, Hepatic Encephalopathy therapy, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Liver pathology, Liver physiopathology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic complications, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic immunology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic prevention & control, Liver Regeneration, Necrosis, Oxygen Consumption, Thiamine blood, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic therapy
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Studies of the influence of immunological and serological factors from patients with cholestasis due to alcoholic or viral hepatitis on biliary function in the rat.
- Author
-
Marbet UA, Shefer S, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase metabolism, Female, Guinea Pigs, Hepatitis, Alcoholic physiopathology, Hepatitis, Viral, Human physiopathology, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory physiology, Liver enzymology, Lymphocytes physiology, Male, Middle Aged, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase metabolism, Bile metabolism, Cholestasis etiology, Hepatitis, Alcoholic complications, Hepatitis, Viral, Human complications
- Abstract
Studies were undertaken to determine if cholestasis in alcoholic or viral hepatitis is related to immunologic hyperreactivity as suggested for cholestasis due to type-II drug-induced hepatitis, and evaluate possible mechanisms involved in lymphokine-induced cholestasis. Results indicate that a cholestatic factor exists in alcoholic and acute viral hepatitis. Supernatants of lymphocytes from patients with alcoholic hepatitis stimulated by an extract of alcoholic hyalin evoked a 28% +/- 7.3 SEM reduction in rat bile flow (P less than 0.03). Supernatants of lymphocytes from patients with acute viral hepatitis activated by liver-specific protein caused a reduction in rat bile flow of 24% +/- 5.9 SEM (P less than 0.03). A decrease in bile flow also occurred following injections of sera from patients with alcoholic or acute viral hepatitis. In contrast, injection of supernatants of non-stimulated lymphocytes or those from chronic active hepatitis or healthy subjects did not produce a significant change in bile flow. Supernatants of stimulated lymphocytes from tuberculin-sensitized guinea pigs caused a similar decrease in rat bile flow and reduced excretion of human secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA). Despite reductions in rat bile flow there were no alterations in liver morphology, liver plasma membrane Na-K-ATPase activity, microsomal cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase activity or low-dose indocyanine green clearance during the period of observation.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. [Production of monoclonal anti-Mallory body antibody].
- Author
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Yoshioka K, Kakumu S, Fuji A, Tahara H, Murase K, Unoura M, Primus FJ, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Intermediate Filaments immunology, Antibodies, Monoclonal analysis, Liver immunology, Proteins immunology
- Published
- 1987
45. Newer approaches to treatment of liver disease in the alcoholic.
- Author
-
Leevy CM, Zetterman R, and Smith F
- Subjects
- Avitaminosis complications, Avitaminosis drug therapy, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury complications, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury immunology, Collagen metabolism, Ethanol pharmacology, Fatty Liver complications, Humans, Hyalin immunology, Intestinal Absorption drug effects, Liver metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis etiology, Microbial Collagenase metabolism, Nutritional Requirements, Pharmaceutical Preparations metabolism, Protein Deficiency complications, Protein Deficiency drug therapy, Alcoholism complications, Liver Cirrhosis prevention & control
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Thiamin deficiency and alcoholism.
- Author
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Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Alcoholism physiopathology, Alcoholism therapy, Dementia etiology, Diet, Digestive System physiopathology, Heart Diseases etiology, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Phosphorylation, Thiamine analogs & derivatives, Thiamine metabolism, Thiamine therapeutic use, Transketolase blood, Wernicke Encephalopathy etiology, Alcoholism complications, Thiamine Deficiency etiology
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Organization and function of the Firms System in an urban-located college hospital.
- Author
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Leevy CM and Quinlan D
- Subjects
- Humans, New Jersey, Primary Health Care, Urban Population, Education, Medical, Hospitals, Teaching, Teaching methods
- Published
- 1978
48. Collagen biosynthesis in liver disease of the alcoholic.
- Author
-
Chen TS and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Alcoholism complications, Alcoholism pathology, Autoradiography, Collagen analysis, Ethanol pharmacology, Fatty Liver metabolism, Hepatitis metabolism, Humans, Liver pathology, Liver Cirrhosis metabolism, Liver Diseases complications, Liver Diseases pathology, Methods, Proline metabolism, Scintillation Counting, Alcoholism metabolism, Collagen biosynthesis, Liver Diseases metabolism
- Abstract
Percutaneous liver biopsies obtained from patients with a history of chronic alcoholism and normal liver, fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, or active cirrhosis were incubated with tritiated proline to determine the pattern of collagen biosynthesis in these conditions. Incorporation of labeled proline and hydroxyproline into salt-soluble and insoluble fractions of collagen was evaluated by radiochemical analysis and tissue localization documented by autoradiography. Biopsy specimens of alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis exhibit a significant increase in the amount of radioactive proline and hydroxyproline in salt-soluble and insoluble collagen. Marked accumulation of radioactivity occurred over bile ducts, fibroblasts, and collagen fibers in the portal area and over hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and collagen fibers in the centrilobular area. Fatty liver is associated with an increase in uptake of proline and hydroxyproline in the salt-soluble fraction of collagem; silver grains appear in the periphery of fat-laden cells and in areas of focal inflammation. Digestion by collagenase indicates that labeling over fibroblasts and collagen reflects active synthesis, whereas, entry of proline into the cell protein pool is responsible for accumulation of radioactivity in other sites. In vitro ethanol causes a significant increase in the incorporation of proline and hydroxyproline into collagen in biopsy specimens of alcoholic hepatitis or active cirrhosis, but has no effect on collagen synthesis by normal or fatty liver.
- Published
- 1975
49. Validity of transhepatic pulp pressure measurements.
- Author
-
ten Hove W, Popovic SB, Howard MM, and Leevy CM
- Subjects
- Catheterization, Diatrizoate, Hepatic Veins, Humans, Manometry, Methods, Portal Vein, Umbilical Veins, Blood Pressure, Cineangiography, Liver blood supply, Liver Circulation
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Erythroderma with fulminant hepatitis: a possible association.
- Author
-
Schwartz RA, Leevy CM, Cohen PJ, and Lambert WC
- Subjects
- Adult, Dermatitis, Exfoliative pathology, Humans, Liver pathology, Male, Skin pathology, Dermatitis, Exfoliative etiology, Hepatitis B complications, Hepatitis C complications, Hepatitis, Viral, Human complications
- Abstract
Exfoliative dermatitis or erythroderma may be a sign of systemic disease, usually a T-cell lymphoma, although other malignancies may also be associated. We observed two patients in whom severe hepatitis and an exfoliative dermatitis occurred simultaneously. We believe that this association has not been reported previously.
- Published
- 1986
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