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3. Cross-analysis for the assessment of urban environmental quality: An interdisciplinary and participative approach

Author

Hidalgo Julia, Haouès-Jouve Sinda, Carrissimo Bertrand, Legain Dominique, Guillaume Gwenael, Berry-Chikhaoui Isabelle, Can Arnaud, Lemonsu Aude, Challéat Samuel, Amossé Alexandre, Masson Valéry, Richard Isabelle, De Munck Cécile, Le Bras Julien, Levy Jean-Pierre, Zhenlan Gao, Rojas-Arias Juan-Carlos, Marry Solène, Chouillou Delphine, Dorier Elisabeth, Hooneart Sophie, Adolphe Luc, Nguyen-Luong Danny, Lopez-Rieu Claudia, Gaudio Noémie, Gauvrau Benoit, Bouyer Julien, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France, Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Paris-Est, Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique (CEREA), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire Architecture, Ville, Urbanisme, Environnement (LAVUE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), ANR, Météo-France Direction Interrégionale Sud-Est (DIRSE), Météo-France, Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement (UMR ART-Dev), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet TEAM (Cerema Equipe-projet TEAM), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema), Observatoire de l'environnement nocturne (OEN), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Institut d'Aménagement et d'Urbanisme de la Région d'Ile-de-France (IAU Île-de-France), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Decision support system, Built environment, Participative approach, decision support, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental design, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, urban planning, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Neighbourhood level, statistical analysis, Urban planning, 11. Sustainability, Architecture, Statistical analysis, Environmental planning, Environmental quality, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, environmental design, Urban Studies, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; The goal of this research is to assess environmental quality at the neighbourhood level through a multi-dimensional and multi-sensory approach that combines social and physical methodologies. For this purpose, an interdisciplinary protocol has been designed to simultaneously collect physical parameter measurements (related to microclimate and acoustics) and survey data on perceptions (involving residents and non-residents). The cross-referenced analysis of data collected at six contrasting places in a district in Toulouse (France) enabled us (i) to better understand and prioritise the factors that influence residents' assessment of the quality of their living environment and (ii) to understand to what extent the differentiation of the places by the inhabitants converges with the differentiation of these places based on acoustic and micrometeorological measurements. The statistical analysis based on individuals showed the importance of noise and air quality that rank just after the aesthetic dimension for all respondents. Nevertheless, the quality of maintenance and the feeling of security that the place inspires seem to be as crucial as these environmental criteria for the inhabitants. The analysis focused on the sites highlighted the consistency between the typology of places based on perceptions and that based on acoustic measurements, which confirms the high inhabitants' sensitivity to this environmental component.

Published
2021

4. Influence of the Local Urban Environment on the Thermoradiative and Hydrological Behavior of a Garden Lawn.

Author

Lemonsu, Aude, Munck, Cécile de, Redon, Emilie, Masson, Valéry, Keravec, Pascal, Rodriguez, Fabrice, Pineau, Laetitia, and Legain, Dominique

Subjects
URBAN ecology (Sociology), SOIL moisture, LAWNS, SOIL temperature, SOIL texture
Abstract

Several urban canopy models now incorporate urban vegetation to represent local urban cooling related to natural soil and plant evapotranspiration. Nevertheless, little is known about the realism of simulating these processes and turbulent exchanges within the urban canopy. Here, the coupled modeling of thermal and hydrological exchanges was investigated for a lawn located in an urban environment and for which soil temperature and water content measurements were available. The ISBA diffusive (ISBA-DF) surface–vegetation–atmosphere transfer model is inline coupled to the Town Energy Balance urban canopy model to model mixed urban environments. For the present case study, ISBA-DF was applied to the lawn and first evaluated in its default configuration. Particular attention was then paid to the parameterization of turbulent exchanges above the lawn and to the description of soil characteristics. The results highlighted the importance of taking into account local roughness related to surrounding obstacles for computing the turbulent exchanges over the lawn and simulating realistic surface and soil temperatures. The soil nature and texture vertical heterogeneity are also key properties for simulating the soil water content evolution and water exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
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5. The Passy-2015 field experiment: atmospheric dynamics and air quality in the Arve River Valley

Author

Paci, Alexandre, Staquet, Chantal, Allard, Julie, Barral, Hélène, Canut, Guylaine, Cohard, Jean-Martial, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Martinet, Pauline, Sabatier, Tiphaine, Troude, Florence, Arduini, Gabriele, Burnet, Fréderic, Brun, Christophe, Chemel, Charles, Dabas, Alain, Donier, Jean-Marie, Garrouste, Olivier, Guillot, Rémi, Largeron, Yann, Legain, Dominique, Maurel, William, Tzanos, Diane, Barrau, Sébastien, Barret, Manuel, Barrié, Joël, Belleudy, Anne, Bouhours, Gilles, Bourrianne, Thierry, Chevrier, Florie, Douffet, Thierry, Etcheberry, Jean-Michel, Gustave, Laurent, Mazoyer, Marie, Mercier, Stéphane, Moulin, Eric, Pellan, Yann, Piguet, Bruno, Rodier, Quentin, Zin, Isabella, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Écoulements Géophysiques et Industriels [Grenoble] (LEGI ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Association agréée Surveillance Qualité de l'air (AASQA), Atmo Nord Pas-de-Calais-Air Rhône-Alpes, University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Thales Alenia Space [Cannes], Thales Alenia Space, Air Rhône-Alpes, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), and THALES [France]

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric pollution, Vallée de l’Arve, Arve River Valley, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Passy-2015, Atmospheric boundary layer, Campagne de mesure, Field experiment, Couche limite atmosphérique, Wintertime stable conditions, Pollution atmosphérique, Conditions stables hivernales
Abstract

International audience; Wintertime anticyclonic conditions, associated with clear sky and cold nights, trigger the formation of persistent layers of stable air over the ground. In an urban area, these persistent layers lead to poor air quality, especially when the terrain is mountainous. This is particularly the case in the Arve River Valley near the city of Passy, located 20 km downstream of Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, where air quality stands among the poorest ones in France.Beyond the monitoring of air quality, as performed by the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes air quality agency or within the scientific project DECOMBIO led by the Institute for Geosciences and the Environment (IGE), knowledge of the atmospheric dynamics at the valley scale should be gained to understand how pollutants are dispersed. This is the motivation of the Passy project, which started in 2014. It relies on the Passy-2015 field experiment, whereof presentation, along with the discussion of a few results, is the purpose of the present paper. The objective of this field experiment is to document the atmospheric dynamics in the Arve River Valley during wintertime pollution episodes.The work conducted during the Passy project and the analysis of the Passy-2015 field experiment will benefit from a several-year long collaboration among the different partners. The knowledge thus gained will contribute to refine weather forecast and air quality prediction in the Arve River Valley and, more generally, in mountain urban areas under stable conditions. From an operational perspective, our goal is to improve our ability to forecast critical events such as low temperatures, ice and fog formation, pollution events or locations subject to high pollutant concentration.; Les conditions anticycloniques hivernales (ciel clair, nuits froides) conduisent à la formation de couches stables persistantes qui favorisent les épisodes de pollution, particulièrement en terrain montagneux. La vallée de l’Arve est très sensible à ce phénomène, en particulier près de la ville de Passy (Haute-Savoie), située à 20 kilomètres en aval de Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, où la qualité de l’air est l’une des moins bonnes de France.Au-delà du suivi de la qualité de l’air, tel que réalisé par Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes ou par le projet DECOMBIO piloté par l’Institut des Géosciences et de l’Environnement (IGE), il est primordial d’améliorer la connaissance de la dynamique atmosphérique à l’échelle de la vallée en conditions stables pour mieux comprendre comment, couplée au cycle et à la géographie des émissions, elle pilote la dispersion des polluants. C’est la motivation du projet Passy, initié en 2014. Ce projet s’appuie sur les observations de la campagne Passy-2015, présentées dans cet article avec quelques premiers résultats. L’objectif général de cette campagne est de documenter la dynamique atmosphérique au sein de la vallée de l’Arve lors des épisodes de pollution hivernale.Les travaux menés dans le cadre du projet et de l’analyse des données de la campagne s’inscrivent au sein d’une collaboration sur plusieurs années entre les différents partenaires. Ils contribueront à affiner la prévision du temps et de la qualité de l’air dans ce type de vallée, et plus généralement en conditions stables. Il s’agit en particulier d’améliorer la capacité à prévoir des phénomènes critiques, comme les températures minimales, le verglas, le brouillard, les évènements de pollution ou encore les zones de pollution intense.

Published
2016

6. Cross-analysis between variability of the urban climate and the landscape heterogeneity at the scale of a neighbourhood for a subgrid parametrization in TEB model

Author

Le Bras, Julien, Gaudio, Noémie, Lemonsu, Aude, Legain, Dominique, Masson, Valéry, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

7. Observation of urban climate variability at local scale and comparison with human perception

Author

Gaudio, Noémie, Marchandise, Sabrina, Le Bras, Julien, Lemonsu, Aude, Haouès-Jouve, Sinda, Legain, Dominique, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

9. Accuracy assessment of water vapour measurements from in-situ and remote sensing techniques during the DEMEVAP 2011 campaign

Author

Bock, Olivier, Bosser, Pierre, David, Leslie, Thom, Christian, Pelon, Jacques, Hoareau, Christophe, Keckhut, Philippe, Sarkissian, Alain, Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Legain, Dominique, Tzanos, Diane, Bourcy, Thomas, Poujol, Guillaume, Tournois, Guy, LAboratoire de REcherche en Géodésie [Paris] (LAREG), Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Laboratoire d'Opto-électronique et de Micro-Informatique (LOEMI), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), STRATO - LATMOS, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo-France [Paris], Météo France, Direction des Systèmes d'Observation [Toulouse] (DSO), Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Météo-France

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology
Abstract

International audience; The Development of Methodologies for Water Vapour Measurement (DEMEVAP) project aims at assessing and improving humidity sounding techniques and establishing a reference system based on the combination of Raman lidars, ground-based sensors and GPS. Such a system may be used for climate monitoring, radiosonde bias detection and correction, satellite measurement calibration/validation, and mm-level geodetic positioning with Global Navigation Satellite Systems. A field experiment was conducted in September-October 2011 at Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP). Two Raman lidars (IGN mobile lidar and OHP NDACC lidar), a stellar spectrometer (SOPHIE), a differential absorption spectrometer (SAOZ), a sun photometer (AERONET), 5 GPS receivers and 4 types of radiosondes (Vaisala RS92, MODEM M2K2-DC and M10, and Meteolabor Snow-White) participated in the campaign. A total of 26 balloons with multiple radiosondes were flown during 16 clear nights. This paper presents preliminary findings from the analysis of all these datasets. Several classical Raman lidar calibration methods are evaluated which use either Vaisala RS92 measurements, point capacitive humidity measurements, or GPS integrated water vapour (IWV) measurements. A novel method proposed by Bosser et al. (2010) is also tested. It consists in calibrating the lidar measurements during the GPS data processing. The methods achieve a repeatability of 4-5 %. Changes in calibration factor of IGN Raman lidar are evidenced which are attributed to frequent optical re-alignments. When modelling and correcting the changes as a linear function of time, the precision of the calibration factors improves to 2-3 %. However, the variations in the calibration factor, and hence the absolute accuracy, between methods and types of reference data remain at the level of 7 %. The intercomparison of radiosonde measurements shows good agreement between RS92 and Snow-White measurements up to 12 km. An overall dry bias is found in the measurements from both MODEM radiosondes. Investigation of situations with low RH values (< 10 %RH) in the lower and middle troposphere reveals, on occasion, a lower RH detection limit in the Snow-White measurements compared to RS92 due to a saturation of the Peltier device. However, on other occasions, a dry bias is found in RS92, instead. On average, both RS92 and Snow-White measurements show a slight moist bias at night-time compared to GPS IWV, while the MODEM measurements show a large dry bias. The IWV measurements from SOPHIE (night-time) and SAOZ (daytime) spectrometers, AERONET photometer (daytime) and calibrated Raman lidar (night-time) showed excellent agreement with the GPS IWV measurements.

Published
2014

10. Atmospheric Measurements by Ultra-Light SpEctrometer (AMULSE) Dedicated to Vertical Profile in Situ Measurements of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Under Weather Balloons: Instrumental Development and Field Application

Author

Joly, Lilian, primary, Maamary, Rabih, additional, Decarpenterie, Thomas, additional, Cousin, Julien, additional, Dumelié, Nicolas, additional, Chauvin, Nicolas, additional, Legain, Dominique, additional, Tzanos, Diane, additional, and Durry, Georges, additional

Published
2016
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12. A study of local turbulence and anisotropy during the afternoon and evening transition with an unmanned aerial system and mesoscale simulation

Author

Lampert, Astrid, primary, Pätzold, Falk, additional, Jiménez, Maria Antonia, additional, Lobitz, Lennart, additional, Martin, Sabrina, additional, Lohmann, Gerald, additional, Canut, Guylaine, additional, Legain, Dominique, additional, Bange, Jens, additional, Martínez-Villagrasa, Dani, additional, and Cuxart, Joan, additional

Published
2016
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13. La campagne Passy-2015 : dynamique atmosphérique et qualité de l’air dans la vallée de l’Arve

Author

PACI, Alexandre, primary, STAQUET, Chantal, additional, ALLARD, Julie, additional, BARRAL, Hélène, additional, CANUT, Guylaine, additional, COHARD, Jean-Martial, additional, JAFFREZO, Jean-Luc, additional, MARTINET, Pauline, additional, SABATIER, Tiphaine, additional, TROUDE, Florence, additional, ARDUINI, Gabriele, additional, BURNET, Frédéric, additional, BRUN, Christophe, additional, CHEMEL, Charles, additional, DABAS, Alain, additional, DONIER, Jean-Marie, additional, GARROUSTE, Olivier, additional, GUILLOT, Rémi, additional, LARGERON, Yann, additional, LEGAIN, Dominique, additional, MAUREL, William, additional, TZANOS, Diane, additional, BARRAU, Sébastien, additional, BARRET, Manuel, additional, BARRIE, Joël, additional, BELLEUDY, Anne, additional, BOUHOURS, Gilles, additional, BOURRIANNE, Thierry, additional, CHEVRIER, Florie, additional, DOUFFET, Thierry, additional, ETCHEBERRY, Jean-Michel, additional, GUSTAVE, Laurent, additional, MAZOYER, Marie, additional, MERCIER, Stéphane, additional, MOULIN, Éric, additional, PELLAN, Yann, additional, PIGUET, Bruno, additional, RODIER, Quentin, additional, and ZIN, Isabella, additional

Published
2016
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14. The Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence 2011 field experiment (BLT)

Author

Lothon, Marie, Lohou, Fabienne, Durand, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Hartogensis, Oskar, Legain, Dominique, Pardyjak, Erick, Pino González, David, Reuder, Joaquim, Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids

Subjects
Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Capa límit (Meteorologia), Boundary layer (Meteorology)
Abstract

Growth of the CBL over land in the middle of the day has been extensively observed and relatively successfully modeled. However the late afternoon transition (LAT), like the morning transition, is difficult to observe and model due to turbulence intermittency and anisotropy, horizontal heterogeneity, and rapid time changes. There is a striking paucity of observations of the turbulence decay within the CBL, as well as a lack of realistic modeling studies. This motivated the Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence (BLLAST) 2011 field experiment, which aimed at enhancing observations of the LAT, so as to better understand the physical processes that control it, and elucidate the role of the LAT on mesoscale and turbulence scale motions, and on species transport.

Published
2012

15. Land surface spinup for episodic modeling

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Angevine, Wayne M., Bazille, Eric, Legain, Dominique, Pino González, David, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Angevine, Wayne M., Bazille, Eric, Legain, Dominique, and Pino González, David

Abstract

Soil moisture strongly controls the surface fluxes in mesoscale numerical models, and thereby influences the boundary layer structure. Proper initialization of soil moisture is therefore critical for faithful simulations. In many applications, such as air quality or process studies, the model is run for short, discrete periods (a day to a month). This paper describes one method for soil initialization in these cases - self-spinup. In self-spinup, the model is initialized with a coarse-resolution operational model or reanalysis output, and run for a month, cycling its own soil variables. This allows the soil variables to develop appropriate spatial variability, and may improve the actual values. The month (or other period) can be run more than once if needed.; The case shown is for the Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence experiment, conducted in France in 2011. Self-spinup adds spatial variability, which improves the representation of soil moisture patterns around the experiment location, which is quite near the Pyrenees Mountains. The self-spinup also corrects a wet bias in the large-scale analysis. The overall result is a much-improved simulation of boundary layer structure, evaluated by comparison with soundings from the field site.; Self-spinup is not recommended as a substitute for multi-year spinup with an offline land data assimilation system in circumstances where the data sets required for such spinup are available at the required resolution. Self-spinup may fail if the modeled precipitation is poorly simulated. It is an expedient for cases when resources are not available to allow a better method to be used., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Published
2014

16. Evaluation of the lake model FLake over a coastal lagoon during the THAUMEX field campaign

Author

Le Moigne, Patrick, Legain, Dominique, Lagarde, Franck, Potes, Miguel, Tzanos, Diane, Moulin, Eric, Barrie, Joel, Salgado, Rui, Messiaen, Gregory, Fiandrino, Annie, Donier, Sylvie, Traulle, Olivier, Costa, Maria Joao, Le Moigne, Patrick, Legain, Dominique, Lagarde, Franck, Potes, Miguel, Tzanos, Diane, Moulin, Eric, Barrie, Joel, Salgado, Rui, Messiaen, Gregory, Fiandrino, Annie, Donier, Sylvie, Traulle, Olivier, and Costa, Maria Joao

Abstract

The THAUMEX measurement campaign, carried out during the summer of 2011 in Thau, a coastal lagoon in southern France, focused on episodes of marine breezes. During the campaign, three intensive observation periods (IOPs) were conducted and a large amount of data were collected. Subsequently, standalone modelling using the FLake lake model was used, first to assess the surface temperature and the surface energy balance, and second to determine the energy budget of the water column at the measurement site. Surface fluxes were validated against in situ measurements, and it was determined that heat exchanges are dominated by evaporation. We also demonstrated that the model was sensitive to the light extinction coefficient at Thau, due to its shallowness and clarity nature. A heat balance was calculated, and the inclusion of a radiative temperature has improved it, especially by reducing the nocturnal evaporation. The FLake lake model was then evaluated in three-dimensional numerical simulations performed with the Meso-NH mesoscale model, in order to assess the changing structure of the boundary layer above the lagoon during the IOPs more accurately. We highlighted the first time ever when Meso-NH and FLake were coupled and proved the ability of the coupled system to forecast a complex phenomenon but also the importance of the use of the FLake model was pointed out. We demonstrated the impact of the lagoon and more precisely the Lido, a sandy strip of land between the lagoon and the Mediterranean Sea, on the vertical distribution of turbulent kinetic energy, evidence of the turbulence induced by the breeze. This study showed the complementarities between standalone and coupled simulations.

Published
2013
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17. Evaluation of the lake model FLake over a coastal lagoon during the THAUMEX field campaign

Author

Le Moigne, Patrick, primary, Legain, Dominique, additional, Lagarde, Franck, additional, Potes, Miguel, additional, Tzanos, Diane, additional, Moulin, Eric, additional, Barrié, Joel, additional, Salgado, Rui, additional, Messiaen, Grégory, additional, Fiandrino, Annie, additional, Donier, Sylvie, additional, Traullé, Olivier, additional, and Costa, Maria João, additional

Published
2013
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18. The Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence 2011 field experiment (BLT)

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Lothon, Marie, Lohou, Fabienne, Durand, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Hartogensis, Oskar, Legain, Dominique, Pardyjak, Erick, Pino González, David, Reuder, Joaquim, Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Lothon, Marie, Lohou, Fabienne, Durand, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Hartogensis, Oskar, Legain, Dominique, Pardyjak, Erick, Pino González, David, Reuder, Joaquim, and Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi

Abstract

Growth of the CBL over land in the middle of the day has been extensively observed and relatively successfully modeled. However the late afternoon transition (LAT), like the morning transition, is difficult to observe and model due to turbulence intermittency and anisotropy, horizontal heterogeneity, and rapid time changes. There is a striking paucity of observations of the turbulence decay within the CBL, as well as a lack of realistic modeling studies. This motivated the Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence (BLLAST) 2011 field experiment, which aimed at enhancing observations of the LAT, so as to better understand the physical processes that control it, and elucidate the role of the LAT on mesoscale and turbulence scale motions, and on species transport., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Published
2012

19. Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence: the BLLAST 2011 experiment

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Pino González, David, Lothon, Marie, Lohou, Fabienne, Pardyjak, Erick, Reuder, Joaquim, Legain, Dominique, Durand, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. DF - Dinàmica No Lineal de Fluids, Pino González, David, Lothon, Marie, Lohou, Fabienne, Pardyjak, Erick, Reuder, Joaquim, Legain, Dominique, Durand, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, and Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi

Abstract

Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Published
2012

20. Atmospheric Measurements by Ultra-Light SpEctrometer (AMULSE) Dedicated to Vertical Profile in Situ Measurements of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) UnderWeather Balloons: Instrumental Development and Field Application.

Author

Joly, Lilian, Maamary, Rabih, Decarpenterie, Thomas, Cousin, Julien, Dumelié, Nicolas, Chauvin, Nicolas, Legain, Dominique, Tzanos, Diane, and Durry, Georges

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, METEOROLOGICAL observations, SPECTROMETERS, MODULATION spectroscopy, ATMOSPHERIC radiation
Abstract

The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere plays an important role in the radiative effects in the Earth's climate system. Therefore, it is crucial to increase the number of atmospheric observations in order to quantify the natural sinks and emission sources. We report in this paper the development of a new compact lightweight spectrometer (1.8 kg) called AMULSE based on near infrared laser technology at 2.04 μm coupled to a 6-m open-path multipass cell. The measurements were made using the Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) technique and the spectrometer is hence dedicated to in situ measuring the vertical profiles of the CO2 at high precision levels (σAllan = 0.96 ppm in 1 s integration time (1σ) and with high temporal/spatial resolution (1 Hz/5 m) using meteorological balloons. The instrument is compact, robust, cost-effective, fully autonomous, has low-power consumption, a non-intrusive probe and is plug & play. It was first calibrated and validated in the laboratory and then used for 17 successful flights up to 10 km altitude in the region Champagne--Ardenne, France in 2014. A rate of 100% of instrument recovery was validated due to the pre-localization prediction of the Météo--France based on the flight simulation software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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22. Evaluation of the lake model FLake over a coastal lagoon during the THAUMEX field campaign.

Author

Moigne, Patrick Le, Legain, Dominique, Lagarde, Franck, Potes, Miguel, Tzanos, Diane, Moulin, ERIC, Barrié, Joel, Salgado, Rui, Messiaen, Grégory, Fiandrino, Annie, Donier, Sylvie, Traullé, Olivier, and Costa, Maria João

Subjects
*NUMERICAL weather forecasting, *LAGOONS, *LAKE management, *EVAPORATION (Meteorology), *HOT water heating, *HEAT storage
Abstract

The THAUMEX measurement campaign, carried out during the summer of 2011 in Thau, a coastal lagoon in southern France, focused on episodes of marine breezes. During the campaign, three intensive observation periods (IOPs) were conducted and a large amount of data were collected. Subsequently, standalone modelling using the FLake lake model was used, first to assess the surface temperature and the surface energy balance, and second to determine the energy budget of the water column at the measurement site. Surface fluxes were validated against in situ measurements, and it was determined that heat exchanges are dominated by evaporation. We also demonstrated that the model was sensitive to the light extinction coefficient at Thau, due to its shallowness and clarity nature. A heat balance was calculated, and the inclusion of a radiative temperature has improved it, especially by reducing the nocturnal evaporation. The FLake lake model was then evaluated in three-dimensional numerical simulations performed with the Meso-NH mesoscale model, in order to assess the changing structure of the boundary layer above the lagoon during the IOPs more accurately. We highlighted the first time ever when Meso-NH and FLake were coupled and proved the ability of the coupled system to forecast a complex phenomenon but also the importance of the use of the FLake model was pointed out. We demonstrated the impact of the lagoon and more precisely the Lido, a sandy strip of land between the lagoon and the Mediterranean Sea, on the vertical distribution of turbulent kinetic energy, evidence of the turbulence induced by the breeze. This study showed the complementarities between standalone and coupled simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

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