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17 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables.-- Data Availability Statement: The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: Data from the EGIM, EMSO-Canarias (ESTOC), 2020. SEANOE. https://doi.org/10.17882/83639, https://doi.org/10.17882/83643, https://doi.org/10.17882/83646, https://doi.org/10.17882/83642, and https://doi.org/10.17882/83645. Data from the EGIM, EMSO-Azores observatory, 2017-2018. SEANOE. https://doi.org/10.17882/56665, https://doi.org/10.17882/56528, https://doi.org/10.17882/56501, https://doi.org/10.17882/56525, https://doi.org/10.17882/56626, https://doi.org/10.17882/57005, https://doi.org/10.17882/69867, and https://doi.org/10.17882/69976. Annotated images capturing fish abundances during the first deployment of the EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM) at the OBSEA cabled observatory from December 2016 to April 2017. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.936693. Data collected during the first deployment of the EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM) at the OBSEA cabled observatory from December, 2016 to April, 2017. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.883072, The oceans are a fundamental source for climate balance, sustainability of resources and life on Earth, therefore society has a strong and pressing interest in maintaining and, where possible, restoring the health of the marine ecosystems. Effective, integrated ocean observation is key to suggesting actions to reduce anthropogenic impact from coastal to deep-sea environments and address the main challenges of the 21st century, which are summarized in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Blue Growth strategies. The European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory (EMSO), is a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), with the aim of providing long-term observations via fixed-point ocean observatories in key environmental locations across European seas from the Arctic to the Black Sea. These may be supported by ship-based observations and autonomous systems such as gliders. In this paper, we present the EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM), a deployment ready multi-sensor instrumentation module, designed to measure physical, biogeochemical, biological and ecosystem variables consistently, in a range of marine environments, over long periods of time. Here, we describe the system, features, configuration, operation and data management. We demonstrate, through a series of coastal and oceanic pilot experiments that the EGIM is a valuable standard ocean observation module, which can significantly improve the capacity of existing ocean observatories and provides the basis for new observatories. The diverse examples of use included the monitoring of fish activity response upon oceanographic variability, hydrothermal vent fluids and particle dispersion, passive acoustic monitoring of marine mammals and time series of environmental variation in the water column. With the EGIM available to all the EMSO Regional Facilities, EMSO will be reaching a milestone in standardization and interoperability, marking a key capability advancement in addressing issues of sustainability in resource and habitat management of the oceans, This work was funded by the project EMSODEV (Grant agreement No 676555) supported by DG Research and Innovation of the European Commission under the Research Infrastructures Programme of the H2020. EMSO-link EC project (Grant agreement No 731036) provided additional funding. Other projects which supported the work include Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017–2020, project BITER-LANDER PID2020-114732RB-C32, iFADO (Innovation in the Framework of the Atlantic Deep Ocean, 2017–2021) EAPA_165/2016. The Spanish Government contributed through the “Severo Ochoa Centre Excellence” accreditation to ICM-CSIC (CEX2019-000928-S) and the Research Unit Tecnoterra (ICM-CSIC/UPC). UK colleagues were supported by Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science (CLASS) project supported by NERC National Capability funding (NE/R015953/1)

Ce document présente les opérations menées et recense les prélèvements effectués durant les campagnes MoMARSAT 2020 et LuckyDivMic20

Details of collection, materials, and museum numbers

La série de campagnes MoMARSAT assure la maintenance annuelle de l'observatoire EMSO-Açores sur le champ hydrothermal Lucky Strike (https://doi.org/10.18142/130). Cet observatoire fond de mer est opéré depuis 2010 et vise à acquérir des séries temporelles ≥10 ans sur les processus hydrothermaux, tectoniques, volcaniques et les écosystèmes d'un site hydrothermal actif de la dorsale médio-Atlantique. Il fait partie du réseau européen EMSO (European Multidiciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory-ERIC - http://emso.eu/), soutenu en France par l'Infrastructure de Recherche (MESR) EMSO-FR dont le pilotage est assuré par une collaboration Ifremer-CNRS. Ce document présente le compte rendu des opérations effectuées durant la campagne MoMARSAT2019 qui s'est déroulée sur le Pourquoi pas du 10 juin au 4 juillet 2019.

The MoMAR “Monitoring the Mid-Atlantic Ridge” project was initiated in 1998 to study the environmental instability resulting from active mid-ocean-ridge processes at hydrothermal vent fields south of the Azores. It is a component of the EMSO European Research Infrastructure Consortium, which coordinates observatory regional facilities in European seas (http://emso.eu). The EMSO-Azores observatory focuses on two main questions: What are the feedbacks between volcanism, deformation, seismicity, and hydrothermalism at a slow spreading mid-ocean ridge and how does the hydrothermal ecosystem couple with these sub-seabed processes? The uncabled observing system was first deployed in 2010 in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field (Mid Atlantic Ridge) at 1700 m depth. It comprises two Sea Monitoring Nodes providing the energy, controlling the sensors, archiving and transmitting the data. The first node is deployed on the Lucky Strike fossil lava lake and measures the seismic activity and the vertical deformation of the sea floor. The second one is deployed at the base of the Tour Eiffel active edifice. It allows the study of the variability of a mussel assemblage and its environment (HD camera and chemical sensors, thermistor string), the microbial colonization and the chlorinity of an active vents (Colonization module and BARS sensor) and the localized micro seismicity (seabed array of 4 hydrophones). The two nodes are acoustically linked to a surface relay instrumented buoy, ensuring satellite communication to the land base station in Brest -France. The observing capacity of the marine infrastructure was upgraded in 2016 and 2017 after the development of a new electronic core (COSTO2) based on Ethernet communication and implemented on the two nodes. Great improvement were done on the data management process. Data are archived, published with a doi and are available on the EMSO-Azores web page: http://www.emso-fr.org/EMSO-Azores. In addition, the observatory setup comprises several sets of autonomous instruments, whose data are collected during the yearly maintenance cruises. The autonomous instruments deployed in the area comprises 4 OBS, 2 pressure gauges, a physical oceanography mooring near the vent field, an array of temperature probes distributed in hot and diffuse vents, 3 bottom currentmeters, and a prototype of sequential hot fluid sampler (DEAFS). In 2017, the EMSO Generic Instrumentation Module was also deployed in the vicinity of Tour Eiffel. A complementary site studies program is implemented during the cruises and contributes to increase the set of accessible parameters (fluid sampling, ecological studies, survey of active and inactive areas, in situ experimentations…) and to extend the spatial coverage of the study. The observatory is maintained every year during the Momarsat cruises (https://doi.org/10.18142/130). All the components of the system are recovered, serviced on board and redeployed using the ROV Victor 6000. The studied area is part of a Marine Protected Area in the Portuguese EEZ. This work has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° [312463], the French ANR project Luckyscales ANR-14-CE02-0008.

The EMSO-Azores deep sea observatory is a component of the EMSO ERIC. It focuses on two main questions: What are the feedbacks between volcanism, deformation, seismicity, and hydrothermalism at a slow spreading mid-ocean ridge and how does the hydrothermal ecosystem couple with these sub-seabed processes? The infrastructure comprises 2 sea monitoring nodes, autonomous instruments and a set of site studies experiments. It has been deployed in 2010 in the Lucky Strike vent field and acquires multidisciplinary data since then.

International audience; While platforms are multiplying across industries, the laws governing their dynamic are still poorly understood. The high diversity of disciplines covering the topic, spanning from strategy management to engineering design, made it difficult for any new model to integrate the numerous phenomena at stakes. In a new effort to bring them together, we exhibit Suh's Axiomatic Design as an ideal framework to systematically analyse platforms dynamics when market and technology forces meet and interact. Exporting the current description of platforms from Design Structure Matrices to Design Matrices, our research enables us to systematically explore platforms potential evolutions. While the model leads us to rediscover classical behaviours, it also uncovers new results, such as situations of split leadership and platform overthrow, in which complementors challenge the platform leader. Both can be linked to two necessary conditions: functional generativity and technical genericity. We then identify those behaviours in several cases.