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BackgroundThe antibiotic resistance rate of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is increasing while its eradication rate is decreasing year by year. So it is urgent to explore more effective treatment regimens.ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of a modified bismuth triple regimen in eradicating H.pylori infection.MethodsA total of 360 eligible patients with H.pylori infection were selected from the Gastroenterology & Hepatology Clinic, West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2019 to December 2020. They were equally randomized into a modified bismuth triple regimen group〔EBA group, esomeprazole 40 mg/time, colloidal bismuth pectin capsules 300 mg/time, and amoxicillin 1 g/time, twice a day for 14 days) , and a standard bismuth quadruple regimen group〔EBAT group, esomeprazole (strength: 20 mg, produced by AstraZeneca) 20 mg/time, colloidal bismuth pectin capsules 300 mg/time, amoxicillin 1g/time, and tetracycline 750 mg/time, twice a day for 14 days〕. The 13C- or 14C-urea breath test was performed 4-8 weeks after the treatment, and the negative result was defined as successful eradication treatment of H.pylori infection. The eradication rate of H.pylori infection and the improvement of related symptoms were compared between two groups.Results259 newly treated patients with H.pylori infection (138 in EBA group and 121 in EBAT group) and 101 retreated patients (42 in EBA group and 59 in EBAT group) were included. The treatment completion rate of EBA group was 83.3% (150/180, including 112 cases of newly treated, and 38 retreated) , and that of EBAT group was 86.7% (156/180, including 104 newly treated patients and 52 retreated) . No statistical difference in completion rate was found between the two groups (χ2=0.784, P=0.376) . Intention-to-treat analysis revealed that, the eradication rate of H.pylori infection in newly treated patients in EBA group was not statistically different from that of those in EBAT group〔69.6% (96/138) vs 80.2% (97/121) 〕 (χ2=4.313, P=0.116) . Furthermore, per-protocol analysis found that, the eradication rates in newly treated patients in EBA group and EBAT group were 85.7% (96/112) and 93.3% (97/104) , respectively, demonstrating no statistically significant intergroup difference (χ2=3.235, P=0.072) .For retreated patients, intention-to-treat analysis indicated that, the eradication rates for those in EBA group and EBAT group were 54.8% (23/42) , and 72.9% (43/59) , respectively, showing no statistically significant intergroup difference (χ2=5.678, P=0.058) . However, based on the per-protocol analysis, the eradication rates for those in EBA group and EBAT group were 60.5% (23/38) and 82.7% (43/52) , respectively, manifesting statistically significant intergroup difference (χ2=5.516, P=0.019) . The rates of symptom improvements in newly treated patients with pre-treatment symptoms in EBA and EBAT groups showed no statistically significant difference〔88.3% (83/94) vs 92.0% (80/87) 〕 (χ2=0.897, P=0.639) . And the rates of symptom improvements in retreated patients with pre-treatment symptoms in EBA and EBAT groups also showed no statistically significant difference〔88.6% (31/35) vs 75.0% (33/44) 〕 (χ2=2.353, P=0.308) .ConclusionFor newly treated patients with H.pylori infection, the modified bismuth triple regimen had effects similar to those of the standard bismuth quadruple regimen in terms of eradication rate of H.pylori infection and symptoms improvement rate, which could be used as a new treatment option. However, this modified triple regimen was not suitable for retreated patients, although the symptoms improvement rate was similar to that of the quadruple regimen, the eradication rate of H.pylori infection was too lower.

A one-step cobaltous chloride (CoCl2) molten salt method was employed to prepare multilayer MXene-Ti3C2/Co materials with further ultrasonic treatment to acquire single-layer MXene-Ti3C2/Co nanosheets (NSs). MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs were characterized, and their enzyme-like activities were investigated. Under the catalysis of MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) could be oxidized by H2O2, with the color changing from colorless to blue. The affinity of MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs to H2O2 and TMB was better than that of nanozymes reported in previous studies. The MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs were used for the colorimetric determination of H2O2/glucose, with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.033 mM and 1.7 μM, respectively. MXene-Ti3C2/Co NSs embedded in sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel were used to construct a sensor platform. The digital pictures combined with a smartphone-installed app (color recognizer) could be used to analyze RGB values for colorimetric detection of glucose in beverages. This point-of-care testing platform has the advantages of cost-effectiveness and good transferability, with the potential to realize quick, intelligent and on-site detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel Co(OH)2/MXene-Ti3C2 nanocomposites with oxidase (OXD)-mimic, peroxidase (POD)-mimic, and catalase (CAT)-mimic activities were prepared by a simple two-step method. The Co(OH)2/MXene-Ti3C2 nanocomposites with triple-enzyme mimic activities were embedded into sodium alginate (SA) gels for the first time to fabricate a target-responsive hydrogel-assisted assay. The catalytic mechanism and steady-state kinetics of Co(OH)2/MXene-Ti3C2 nanocomposites were investigated. Subsequently, hypoxanthine (Hx) was catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (XOD) to form H2O2, which reacts with 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-benzidine (TMB) in the presence of Co(OH)2/MXene-Ti3C2 nanocomposites to form a blue oxide (ox-TMB) in the hydrogel. The visible color change of the hydrogel with the increase of Hx concentration can be recognized through a smartphone App to transfer the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) values for the quantitative determination of Hx, with a detection range from 5 to 250 μM, and detection limit of 0.2 μM. The method was applied to the determination of Hx content in different aquatic products. The spiked recoveries of the aquatic products were from 94.1 to 106.4%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 5.4%. Our results show that the Co(OH)2/MXene-Ti3C2 nanocomposites hydrogel-assisted colorimetric biosensor is cost-effective, sensitive, and selective and has excellent application prospects for in-the-field determination of Hx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]