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Sechs Patientinnen mit hypotoner Wehenschwache erhielten zu Anfang der Eroffnungsperiode je 0,1 mg Methergin (Ergometrin) intravenos.

Bei 6 Patientinnen mit hypotoner Wehenschwache wurden 190 Wehen mit Hilfe der intrauterinen Tokographie registriert. Bei samtlichen Patientinnen war der Amniondruck niedriger als 25 mm Hg, und der Amniontonus war um 8 mm Hg. Die Wehenfrequenz war etwa 7 bis 9 Wehen pro Stunde. Die fortleitenden Amniondruckwerte waren bei grostem Kopfumfang zu schwach, um eine Dehnung der Weichteile im unteren Uterinsegment zu ermoglichen. Dadurch erklart sich die verzogerte Cervixdilatation bei hypotoner Wehenschwache. (Gleiche Verhaltnisse bei Uterusflimmern.) Bei einer Patientin stieg der Amniondruck und der Druck im unteren Uterinsegment nach Oxytocinbehandlung auf normale Werte an und die Cervixdilatation nahm einen normalen Verlauf.

Mittels intrauteriner Tokographie wurde die Einwirkung der Kindsgrose auf die Cervixeroffnung untersucht. Das Material bestand aus 52 Patientinnen mit normaler Wehenarbeit, davon waren 35 Erstgebarende. Hierbei wurde Blasensprung, Paritat und Alter der Mutter beachtet. Die Dilatation nimmt bei groseren Feten langere Zeit in Anspruch als bei kleineren. Dies scheint hauptsachlich durch den starkeren Weichteilwiderstand bedingt zu sein infolge starkerer Dehnung, daneben spielen die starkere Dilatation und geringere Wehenfrequenz trotz besserer Wehen eine Rolle. Dies durfte differentialdiagnostisch fur die Abgrenzung der echten Wehenschwache von Bedeutung sein.

The frequency and strength of contractions are the most important factors in a clinical estimation of the intensity of labour. The effect of labour, however, is determined by the degree of cervical dilatation and the position of the presenting part of the fetus. By uterine activity is meant the product of the intensity (amniotic pressure minus amniotic tone) and the frequency of contractions. The uterine activity is usually expressed in Mootevideo-units [M. U.), i. e. the product of intensity and frequency of contractions for 10 minutes. Good progress in labour is associated with a high frequency of contractions whereas a low frequency is found with hypotonic inertia. A high frequency, however, occurs often with hypertonic inertia as uterine fibrillation. In most textbooks (Williams, 1956; Baird, 1957; Martius, 1959; Greenhill, 1960, and others) it is reported that the frequency of contractions is low in the beginning of labour (one contraction every 10th to 30th minute) and successively increases to one contraction every 2nd to 3rd minute at delivery. Westermark (1893) arrived at the same results by using intra-uterine tocography. In distinction to this S chaffer (I 896) found about the same frequency during the whole labour about one contraction every 3rd minute. In an investigation with intra-uterine tocography (Li n d g r e n, I 959) has been observed

(1960). The Causes of Fœtal Head Moulding in Labour. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica: Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 46-62.

In 87 Fallen wurde die Hysterosalpingographie zu verschiedenen Zeiten des Menstruationscyclus ausgefuhrt. 29 Frauen hatten nicht geboren. Bei 8 Frauen wurde die Untersuchung zweimal durchgefuhrt. Die Form des Uterus wurde an dem Frontal- und Seitenbud mit einer besonderen Methodik ausgemessen.

In earlier investigations the author demonstrated that the head to cervix pressure both during and between contractions in labour is greatest at the equator of the foetal head and that the head to cervix pressure decreases towards the lower pole of the foetal head. These pressure conditions explain the biomechanics of cervical dilatation during labour under different conditions. The author has used small flat strain gauge receptors sited between the foetal head and the uterine wall. In the present investigation the head to cervix pressure was also measured above the equator of the foetal head. Between the contractions the head to cervix pressure decreases progressively above the equator of the head and finally the amniotic fluid pressure is measured. In some cases, especially primi-gravidae, the head to cervix pressure curves rise very steeply at the beginning of a contraction but as the amniotic pressure approaches its maximum, the head to cervix pressure decreases and ultimately falls to the same level ...

In contracted pelvis, moulding of the skull bones is caused by the force of the amniotic fluid pressure and the resistance of the pelvis. In normal labour and abnormal uterine action the moulding of the skull bones is caused by the head to cervix pressure, as has been demonstrated by intra-uterine tokometry. By contrast, in the contracted pelvis there are no mouldings between the two parietal bones. In breech presentation during the first stage of labour the moulding of the skull bones is explained, by the differing resistance of the various skull bones against the amniotic fluid pressure.

During labor the fetus is influenced mainly by two stress factors, decreased oxygenation and pressure of the uterine contractions. The uterine contractions decrease the amount of oxygen to the fetus. The fetal reaction to the decreased supply of oxygen may be studied by determination of Ph, Po 2, and Pco 2, and by recordings of the fetalheart rate during labor.

During the last decade the area served by the Public Maternity Hospital was significantly altered on some occations. The perinatal mortality increased after the alteration of the district and the socioeconomic structure of the population was changed. The socioeconomic structure of the population has been defined and expressed as a socio-economic factor. The obstetric care was mainly carried out without alteration. The object of the investigation was to determine if the exchange itself or the change in the socio-economic situation of the population of the district was a cause of the increased perinatal mortality.

In 1918 the small area of woodland, Dalby Soderskog, in southwestern Skane was designated as a national park. It was regarded as ‘the only remaining representative of the type of deciduous forest, that during periods long ago commonly occurred in the southernmost province of our country’ (translation from Lindquist 1938, p. 61).

THE occurrence, formation and some biological actions of prostaglandin have previously been examined1–3. However, no work on the effect on the human Fallopian tube has so far been published.

Intrauterine tocometry was used to study the influence of uterine motility on the relationship between the frequency and strength of contractions upon cervical dilatation. As it was not possible to collect sufficient material for valid conclusions on a series of patients with similar uterine activity, fetal size, uterine volume, cervical resistance, and lower uterine segment development; only women in normal labor without disproportion and delivered of infants in the occipitoanterior vertex presentation were included in the study. The average intensity and frequency of contractions and the average uterine activity were calculated for each woman. The patients were divided with regard to parity and ruptured or unruptured membranes. It was learned that the most rapid cervical dilatation occurs, for unchanged uterine activity, at the frequency of 21-23 contractions per hour. The observation is important for understanding the 1st stage of labor for proper treatment, by drugs, of dystocia.

Cervical tension during normal uterine action at term has been studied by simultaneous recordings using the cervical dynamometer, 11 measuring the tangential tensions related to the cranium and by intrauterine tocography 3 measuring the radial head-to-cervix tensions. Amniotic pressure was measured simultaneously by a method of intrauterine tocography. The results together with some earlier findings are discussed in order to give a contribution to the explanation of the mechanism of cervical dilatation at labor.