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31 results on '"Leonard, Michael K."'

1. Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children

Author

Lewinsohn, David M., Leonard, Michael K., LoBue, Philip A., Cohn, David L., Daley, Charles L., Desmond, Ed, Keane, Joseph, Lewinsohn, Deborah A., Loeffler, Ann M., Mazurek, Gerald H., O'Brien, Richard J., Pai, Madhukar, Richeldi, Luca, Salfinger, Max, Shinnick, Thomas M., Sterling, Timothy R., Warshauer, David M., and Woods, Gail L.

Published
2017

10. Update on the treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection

Author

Blumberg, Henry M., Leonard, Michael K., and Jasmer, Robert M.

Subjects
Tuberculosis -- Risk factors, Tuberculosis -- Care and treatment, Public health
Abstract

A brief description on the recommendations for the treatment of active and latent tuberculosis infection is presented. Tuberculosis has emerged as a global public health epidemic and remains a serious public health problem among certain patient populations.

Published
2005

13. Acute Forms of Tuberculosis in Adults

Author

Jacob, Jesse T., Mehta, Aneesh K., and Leonard, Michael K.

Subjects
Adults -- Health aspects, Tuberculosis -- Diagnosis, Tuberculosis -- Care and treatment, Tuberculosis -- Patient outcomes, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.09.018 Byline: Jesse T. Jacob (a), Aneesh K. Mehta (a), Michael K. Leonard (a)(b) Keywords: Acute Disease; Central Nervous System; Gastrointestinal; Miliary; Tuberculosis Abstract: Although typically considered a chronic disease, tuberculosis (TB) has protean acute manifestations, the major forms of which are reviewed in this article. The pathogenesis of acute TB, although still incompletely understood, may be related to both epidemiologic and genetic host factors. Miliary TB manifests as a nonspecific clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. The most well-known form of acute TB is meningitis, characterized by fever, nuchal rigidity, and a lymphocytic pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid. Acute abdominal TB may present with obstruction or less commonly as perforated viscus or peritonitis. Critically ill patients may have acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, or disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. The spectrum of disease makes diagnosis of acute TB difficult unless clinical suspicion of disease is high, but the high mortality mandates its consideration. Early initiation of therapy is crucial to optimize clinical outcome. Author Affiliation: (a) Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (b) Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Ga Article Note: (footnote) Funding: The study was partly supported by the Emory Medical Care Foundation (M.K.L.)., Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest., Authorship: All authors had access to the data and a role in writing the article.

Published
2009

20. Tuberculosis Mortality in the United States: Epidemiology and Prevention Opportunities

Author

Beavers, Suzanne F., primary, Pascopella, Lisa, additional, Davidow, Amy L., additional, Mangan, Joan M., additional, Hirsch-Moverman, Yael R., additional, Golub, Jonathan E., additional, Blumberg, Henry M., additional, Webb, Risa M., additional, Royce, Rachel A., additional, Buskin, Susan E., additional, Leonard, Michael K., additional, Weinfurter, Paul C., additional, Belknap, Robert W., additional, Hughes, Stephen E., additional, Warkentin, Jon V., additional, Welbel, Sharon F., additional, Miller, Thaddeus L., additional, Kundipati, Saini R., additional, Lauzardo, Michael, additional, Barry, Pennan M., additional, Katz, Dolly J., additional, Garrett, Denise O., additional, Graviss, Edward A., additional, Flood, Jennifer M., additional, Abernathy, Veronica, additional, Ahmedov, Sevim, additional, Alston, Winnie, additional, Anger, Holly, additional, Barash, Elizabeth, additional, Berger (posthumously), Rob, additional, Colson, Paul W., additional, Conwill, David, additional, Corro, Mario, additional, Cronin, Wendy, additional, Gordon, Kaitron, additional, Goswami, Neela D., additional, Hobbs, Connie, additional, Holcombe, Michael, additional, Hufnagel, Eileen, additional, Jonda, Carol, additional, Maltas, Gina, additional, Matthew, Trini, additional, Miranda, Wilson, additional, Moongrace, Lexa, additional, Munguia, Guadalupe, additional, Murray, Ellen, additional, O’Leary, Ellen, additional, Oxtoby, Margaret, additional, Pang, Jenny, additional, Romo, Laura, additional, Rutz, Heather, additional, Salcedo, Katya, additional, Savage, Shonita, additional, Singh, Rashmi, additional, Schechter, Gisela, additional, Sevilla, Anna, additional, Stein-Hart, Trudy, additional, Sterling, Tim, additional, Tapia, Jane, additional, Teeter, Larry, additional, Vergeon, Jennifer, additional, Wall, Kirsten, additional, and Weis, Stephen, additional

Published
2018
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21. Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children

Author

Lewinsohn, David M., primary, Leonard, Michael K., additional, LoBue, Philip A., additional, Cohn, David L., additional, Daley, Charles L., additional, Desmond, Ed, additional, Keane, Joseph, additional, Lewinsohn, Deborah A., additional, Loeffler, Ann M., additional, Mazurek, Gerald H., additional, O’Brien, Richard J., additional, Pai, Madhukar, additional, Richeldi, Luca, additional, Salfinger, Max, additional, Shinnick, Thomas M., additional, Sterling, Timothy R., additional, Warshauer, David M., additional, and Woods, Gail L., additional

Published
2016
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23. Vitamin D as adjunctive therapy in refractory pulmonary tuberculosis: a case report

Author

Yamshchikov, Alexandra V., Oladele, Alawode, Leonard, Michael K., Jr., Blumberg, Henry M., Ziegler, Thomas R., and Tangpricha, Vin

Subjects
Alfacalcidol -- Dosage and administration, Calcifediol -- Dosage and administration, Vitamin D -- Dosage and administration, Dietary supplements -- Usage, Dietary supplements -- Case studies, Pulmonary tuberculosis -- Care and treatment, Health
Published
2009

25. PUBLIC HEALTH: Bring TB research back to forefront

Author

Blumberg, Henry M. and Leonard, Michael K., Jr.

Subjects
Tuberculosis -- Health aspects, Public health -- Health aspects, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

The recent case of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis, called XDR-TB, in a man from Atlanta has highlighted what many in the United States may not have known --- TB remains [...]

Published
2007

30. High mortality among patients with positive blood cultures at a Children's Hospital in Tbilisi, Georgia.

Author

Schaffner, Jami, Chochua, Sopio, Kourbatova, Ekaterina V., Barragan, Maribel, Wang, Yun F., Blumberg, Henry M., del Rio, Carlos, Walker, H. Kenneth, and Leonard, Michael K.

Subjects
*MORTALITY, *BLOOD diseases, *GRAM-negative bacteria, *CHILDREN'S hospitals
Abstract

Background: The etiology and outcomes of blood-stream infections (BSI) among paediatric patients is not well described in resource-limited countries including Georgia. Methodology: Patients with positive blood cultures at the largest paediatric hospital in the country of Georgia were identified by review of the medical and laboratory records of patients who had blood for cultures drawn between January 2004 and June 2006. Results: Of 1,693 blood cultures obtained during the study period, 338 (20%) were positive; of these, 299 were included in our analysis. The median age was 14 days from a range of 2 days to 14 years of which 178 (60%) were male; 53% of the patients with a positive culture were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) represented 165 (55%) of 299 cultures. Further speciation of 135 (82%) of 165 Gram-negative rod (GNR) was not possible because of lack of laboratory capacity. Overall, mortality was 30% (90 of 299). Among the 90 children who died, 80 (89%) were neonates and 68 (76%) had BSI caused by Gram-negative organisms. In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality included an age of less than 30 days (OR=4.00, 95% CI 1.89-8.46) and having a positive blood culture for a Gram-negative BSI (OR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.32-4.29). Conclusions: A high mortality rate was seen among children, particularly neonates, with positive blood cultures at the largest paediatric hospital in Georgia. Because of limited laboratory capacity, microbiological identification of common organisms known to cause BSI in children was not possible and susceptibility testing was not performed. Improving the infrastructure of diagnostic microbiology laboratories in countries with limited resources is critical in order to improve patient care and clinical outcomes, and from a public health standpoint, to improve surveillance activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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31. Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis.

Author

Leonard MK and Blumberg HM

Subjects
Antitubercular Agents administration & dosage, Bacteriological Techniques, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Humans, Musculoskeletal Diseases diagnosis, Musculoskeletal Diseases drug therapy, Optical Imaging, Rifampin administration & dosage, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Tuberculosis drug therapy, United States epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Diseases epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Diseases pathology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolation & purification, Tuberculosis epidemiology, Tuberculosis pathology
Abstract

Musculoskeletal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for approximately 10% of all extrapulmonary TB cases in the United States and is the third most common site of extrapulmonary TB after pleural and lymphatic disease. Vertebral involvement (tuberculous spondylitis, or Pott's disease) is the most common type of skeletal TB, accounting for about half of all cases of musculoskeletal TB. The presentation of musculoskeletal TB may be insidious over a long period and the diagnosis may be elusive and delayed, as TB may not be the initial consideration in the differential diagnosis. Concomitant pulmonary involvement may not be present, thus confusing the diagnosis even further. Early diagnosis of bone and joint disease is important to minimize the risk of deformity and enhance outcome. The introduction of newer imaging modalities, including MRI (imaging procedure of choice) and CT, has enhanced the diagnostic evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal TB and for directed biopsies of affected areas of the musculoskeletal system. Obtaining appropriate specimens for culture and other diagnostic tests is essential to establish a definitive diagnosis and recover M. tuberculosis for susceptibility testing. A total of 6 to 9 months of a rifampin-based regimen, like treatment of pulmonary TB, is recommended for the treatment of drug susceptible musculoskeletal disease. Randomized trials of tuberculous spondylitis have demonstrated that such regimens are efficacious. These data and those from the treatment of pulmonary TB have been extrapolated to form the basis of treatment regimen recommendations for other forms of musculoskeletal TB.

Published
2017
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