11 results on '"Lestrelin, G."'
Search Results
2. Explorer l&8217;impact environnemental des transformations agraires en Asie du Sud-Est grâce à l&8217;évaluation participative des services écosystémiques = Exploring the environmental impact of agrarian changes in Southeast Asia through participatory evaluation of ecosystem services
- Author
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Castella, Jean-Christophe and Lestrelin, G.
- Subjects
ComputingMilieux_GENERAL ,agrarian change ,REDD ,participatory simulation ,ecosystem services ,Southeast Asia - Abstract
Different intervention mechanisms are proposed to transform agricultural landscapes so that they fulfill multiple functions, compatible with sustainable development goals. In the case of climate change mitigation and adaptation, support policies and direct payments to affected populations are promoted as part of REDD+ initiatives. These interventions attempt to balance the provision of multiple ecosystem services with the maintenance or improvement of local livelihoods. In this paper, we explore the role that participatory evaluation can play in the implementation of payments for ecosystem services in rural communities in Indonesia, Laos, Vietnam and China. Engaged in a process of rapid integration into the market economy, these communities have been transforming their traditional Slash-and-burn systems in recent years and followed different paths of agricultural intensification. The positive or negative assessment of these developments is necessarily subject to value judgements in the choices made between different options. Ecosystem services allow for the comparison of landscape trajectories. Village communities explored scenarios for the evolution of their local agriculture, negotiated trade-offs between ecosystem services and identified potential "winners" and "losers". These simulations showed the importance of the timing of REDD+ programs in relation to ongoing agrarian transformations. They point to the risk of moving away from the initial ambitions related to the carbon ecosystem service to become an additional instrument for sustainable development.
- Published
- 2021
3. A nested land uses-landscapes-livelihoods approach to assess the real costs of land-use transitions : insights from Southeast Asia
- Author
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Lestrelin, G., Castella, Jean-Christophe, Li, Q. H., Vongvisouk, T., Tien, N. D., and Mertz, O.
- Subjects
multi-level assessment ,agrarian transition ,opportunity costs ,REDD+ ,Southeast Asia - Abstract
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is viewed as an effective way to mitigate climate change by compensating stewards of forested areas for minimizing forestland conversion and protecting forest services. Opportunity costs assess the cost of foregone opportunity when preserving the forest instead of investing in an alternative activity or resource use. This paper questions the calculation method of opportunity costs using averaged economic benefits and co-benefits of different land-use transitions. We propose a nested approach to land-use transitions at the interface between landscapes and livelihoods and assessing a wide range of potential socio-ecological costs and benefits. Combining household surveys and focus groups with participatory mapping, we applied the approach in villages of Laos, Vietnam and China positioned along a broad transition trajectory from subsistence shifting cultivation to intensive commercial agriculture. By looking beyond the economics of land use, we highlight important linkages between land-use changes and livelihood differentiation, vulnerability and inequalities. Our results show the importance of addressing the impacts of land-use transitions on a wide range of potential ecological and socioeconomic costs and benefits at multiple levels.
- Published
- 2019
4. Modelling the location and spatial pattern of a crop boom
- Author
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Ornetsmüller, C., Castella, Jean-Christophe, Tanichanon, P., Lestrelin, G., and Verburg, P.H.
- Subjects
ANALYSE DE REGRESSION ,MAIS ,INNOVATION ,DEFORESTATION ,SYSTEME DE PRODUCTION ,COLONISATION AGRICOLE ,OCCUPATION SPATIALE ,UTILISATION DU SOL ,MODELISATION ,CULTURE DE RENTE - Abstract
Crop booms are phenomena of global environmental change that keep on occurring around the globe and frequently exploit or degrade the local socio-ecological resources (resulting in e.g. loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, indebtedness). While causal mechanisms were identified and summarized in several frameworks, the causal effects of the identified factors remained largely unknown. In this study, we set up a new application of a spatial land system model to examine the causes for the clustered spatial pattern of the maize boom between 2000 and 2016 in Sayaboury Province, Laos. The factors tested included market access (travel time to trader companies), land productivity and total net revenue (proxy for profitability), spatial differences in farm gate price of maize, slope, and soil types. While crop booms are commonly associated with high commodity prices and improved market accessibility, our simulation results suggested that the combination of the geographic and economic factors we tested partially contribute to explain the location and spatial extent of the maize boom, but a full explanation has not been found. Interestingly though, temporal dynamics, such as increases in land productivity and profitability had the largest effect on model performance regarding the size of the maize boom area (experiment 2). Productivity and profitability increased thanks to political economic support for the introduction of a series of techniques (i.e. hybrid maize cultivars, herbicides, mechanical tillage and sowing) that made maize mono-cropping disproportionally competitive over other land management. We outline implications of our findings for governance bodies that are faced with crop booms.
- Published
- 2019
5. Libro de resúmenes - Livro de resumos - Abstract book : II Workshop Latinoamericano de otolitos y otras estructuras calcificadas
- Author
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Gaillard, B., Lazareth, Claire, Lestrelin, G., Dufour, E., Santos, R.V., Freitas, C.E.C., Pouilly, Marc, Volpedo, A. (ed.), Avigliano, E. (ed.), Fabré, N. (ed.), Batista, V. (ed.), Queiroz de Albuquerque, C. (ed.), and Pouilly, Marc (ed.)
- Published
- 2019
6. Methodological guidelines for participatory rural planning
- Author
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Noury, B., Lestrelin, G., Ferrand, N., Morardet, Sylvie, Burte, J., Ben Hassen, Hani, Benaissa, N., Braiki, H., Jebari, S., Kassouk, Z., OXYO WATER FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), CRDA BIZERTE TUN, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), INAT TUNIS TUN, (partenariat avec la sphère publique (sans AO)), irstea, Direction Générale de l'Aménagement et de la Conservation des Terres Agricoles, Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Ressources Hydrauliques et de la Pêche de Tunisie Agence Française de Développement, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
- Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,ZONE RURALE VULNÉRABLE ,TUNISIE ,PLANIFICATION CONCERTÉE - Abstract
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]GEUSI [Type_IRSTEA]Rapport d'expertise; Ce guide méthodologique pour la planification territoriale concertée a été élaboré par le CIRAD et ses partenaires de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur (IRSTEA, INAT, INRGREF) pour la Direction Générale de l'Aménagement et de la Conservation des Terres Agricoles (DG/ACTA) du Ministère de l'Agriculture et des Ressources Hydrauliques et de la Pêche (MARHP) tunisien. Il a été écrit à l'intention des agents de développement territorial travaillant directement avec les communautés locales. Il s'adresse plus particulièrement aux Chargés d'Appui au Développement Rural (CADR) du MARHP qui interviendront dans le Programme PACTE (Programme d'Adaptation au changement Climatique des Territoires vulnérables de Tunisie, 2018-2024), mais également de manière plus large à toutes les personnes (par exemple : agents de terrain, membres des communautés, consultants, vulgarisateurs) souhaitant s'investir dans des actions de planification participative du développement à l'échelle du territoire. Ce guide se veut opérationnel et facilement accessible. Il est fait pour accompagner l'agent sur le terrain, et aménage des espaces pour que le lecteur puisse annoter le document et l'adapter à ses besoins spécifiques. On y trouvera des éléments de cadrage sur les conditions de mise en place d'une démarche de planification territoriale concertée et, notamment, sur les enjeux de la participation et de l'engagement d'acteurs aux identités multiples dans un dispositif multi-niveaux de production et de partage de connaissances, de débat citoyen, de planification et mise en oeuvre d'actions et de suivi-évaluation. Le guide détaille également les étapes clés de la démarche de planification concertée ainsi que la structure et le fonctionnement du dispositif « plateforme de concertation territoriale ». Cette méthode a été conçue pour pouvoir intervenir dans des territoires vulnérables en Tunisie afin d'y mener des actions de planification participative pour une utilisation durable des ressources naturelles en vue du développement durable des communautés et de leurs territoires. Il est le produit de différentes expériences pratiques menées par les UMR G-eau et TETIS (CIRAD et IRSTEA) et leurs partenaires de recherche et de développement. Cette approche n'est pas la seule existante et s'appuie fortement sur différents cadres méthodologiques dont les références sont données dans le texte. Elle est le fruit d'une confrontation des auteurs à différentes questions et problématiques de terrain. Elle a été conduite dans des cadres divers de recherche, de recherche-action et de développement, dans les pays du Sud comme du Nord.
- Published
- 2017
7. Simulation cartographique au service de l'innovation collective. Géoprospective territoriale à l'île de La Réunion
- Author
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Augusseau, X., Aulanier, F., Begue, A., Bourgoin, J., David, Daniel, David, Gilbert, Degenne, P., Fargette, Mireille, Lagabrielle, E., Lajoie, G., Laurent, J.B., Lebourgeois, V., Lestrelin, G., Lo Seen, D., Loireau, M., Tillard, E., Todoroff, P., Tonneau, J.P., and Vitry, F.
- Subjects
E11 - Économie et politique foncières ,U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques ,P31 - Levés et cartographie des sols ,P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières ,B10 - Géographie - Abstract
L'objectif de cet article est de présenter une démarche de construction d'un exercice de prospective territoriale basé sur un outil de modélisation spatiale. Cette démarche est mise en oeuvre dans le cadre du projet ANR DESCARTES dont l'objectif est de construire un outil de simulation cartographique pour analyser différents scénarios d'affectation de l'usage des sols à l'Ile de La Réunion, en termes de services environnementaux. La plateforme de simulation cartographique est composée de deux applications complémentaires (i) le langage de modélisation Ocelet et son environnement de simulation de paysages dynamiques, et (ii) la plateforme Margouill@. Le développement puis la présentation, en atelier, d'un premier démonstrateur sur la consommation des terres agricoles par l'urbanisation a permis de tester l'outil cartographique comme support d'un processus d'innovation collective entre les parties prenantes, et d'ouvrir de nouveaux champs de recherche sur l'analyse de la démarche par les apprentissages, la spatialisation et la simulation prospective des services écosystémiques, et la prise en compte du changement d'échelle.
- Published
- 2013
8. The forgotten D:challenges of addressing forest degradation in REDD+
- Author
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Mertz, O., Müller, D., Sikor, T., Hett, C., Heinimann, A., Castella, J-C., Lestrelin, G., Ryan, C. M., Schmidt-Vogt, D., Danielsen, F., Theilade, Ida, van Noordwijk, M., Verchot, L.V., Burgess, N., Berry, N.J., Pham, T.T., Messerli, P., Xu, J., Fensholt, R., Hostert, P., Pflugmacher, D., Bruun, T.B., de Neergaard, Andreas, Dons, Klaus, Dewi, D., Mertz, O., Müller, D., Sikor, T., Hett, C., Heinimann, A., Castella, J-C., Lestrelin, G., Ryan, C. M., Schmidt-Vogt, D., Danielsen, F., Theilade, Ida, van Noordwijk, M., Verchot, L.V., Burgess, N., Berry, N.J., Pham, T.T., Messerli, P., Xu, J., Fensholt, R., Hostert, P., Pflugmacher, D., Bruun, T.B., de Neergaard, Andreas, Dons, Klaus, and Dewi, D.
- Published
- 2011
9. Upland development policy, livelihood change and land degradation: interactions from a Laotian village
- Author
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Lestrelin, G., primary and Giordano, M., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. UPLAND DEVELOPMENT POLICY, LIVELIHOOD CHANGE AND LAND DEGRADATION: INTERACTIONS FROM A LAOTIAN VILLAGE.
- Author
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Lestrelin, G. and Giordano, M.
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LAND use ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation research ,RURAL development ,ECOLOGY ,UPLANDS ,POLITICAL ecology ,SOIL erosion ,WORK environment ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This study uses a local political ecology approach that examines the physical and social dimensions of land use and soil erosion and their broader political and socioeconomic environment in Ban Lak Sip, a village located in the uplands of the Luang Prabang Province in Laos. The study indicates that, despite an explicit government policy aimed at improving both socioeconomic and environmental conditions, the resulting livelihood change has in part led to a deterioration in working conditions with mixed impacts on the environment. While land degradation and economic transition appear to have driven villagers to rework the role and importance of the land in their livelihoods, this paper argues that the Laotian rural development policy has constrained the adaptation process and led to a significant intensification in labour and land use. In fact, Ban Lak Sip villagers have had to adapt both to actual land degradation processes and to a discourse on upland environmental degradation constructed by the Laotian State and international development actors. The results of this study have significant implications for the formulation of environmental policy and for land degradation research more widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Vietnam's forest transition in retrospect: demonstrating weaknesses in business-as-usual scenarios for REDD.
- Author
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Ankersen J, Grogan K, Mertz O, Fensholt R, Castella JC, Lestrelin G, Nguyen DT, Danielsen F, Brofeldt S, and Rasmussen K
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- Carbon analysis, Environmental Policy economics, Vietnam, Commerce, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Conservation of Natural Resources trends, Environmental Policy trends, Forests
- Abstract
One of the prerequisites of the REDD+ mechanism is to effectively predict business-as-usual (BAU) scenarios for change in forest cover. This would enable estimation of how much carbon emission a project could potentially prevent and thus how much carbon credit should be rewarded. However, different factors like forest degradation and the lack of linearity in forest cover transitions challenge the accuracy of such scenarios. Here we predict and validate such BAU scenarios retrospectively based on forest cover changes at village and district level in North Central Vietnam. With the government's efforts to increase the forest cover, land use policies led to gradual abandonment of shifting cultivation since the 1990s. We analyzed Landsat images from 1973, 1989, 1998, 2000, and 2011 and found that the policies in the areas studied did lead to increased forest cover after a long period of decline, but that this increase could mainly be attributed to an increase in open forest and shrub areas. We compared Landsat classifications with participatory maps of land cover/use in 1998 and 2012 that indicated more forest degradation than was captured by the Landsat analysis. The BAU scenarios were heavily dependent on which years were chosen for the reference period. This suggests that hypothetical REDD+ activities in the past, when based on the remote sensing data available at that time, would have been unable to correctly estimate changes in carbon stocks and thus produce relevant BAU scenarios.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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