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524 results on '"Leube, Rudolf"'

1. The Chemicals between Us--First Results of the Cluster Analyses on Anatomy Embalming Procedures in the German-Speaking Countries

Author

Kerner, Alexander Michael, Biedermann, Uta, Bräuer, Lars, Caspers, Svenja, Doll, Sara, Engelhardt, Maren, Filler, Timm J., Ghebremedhin, Estifanos, Gundlach, Stefanie, Hayn-Leichsenring, Gregor U., Heermann, Stephan, Hettwer-Steeger, Ingrid, Hiepe, Laura, Hirt, Bernhard, Hirtler, Lena, Hörmann, Rom, Kulisch, Christoph, Lange, Tobias, Leube, Rudolf, Meuser, Annika Hela, Müller-Gerbl, Magdalena, Nassenstein, Christina, Neckel, Peter H., Nimtschke, Ute, Paulsen, Friedrich, Prescher, Andreas, Pretterklieber, Michael, Schliwa, Stefanie, Schmidt, Katja, Schmiedl, Andreas, Schomerus, Christof, Schulze-Tanzil, Gundula, Schumacher, Udo, Schumann, Sven, Spindler, Volker, Streicher, Johannes, Tschernig, Thomas, Unverzagt, Axel, Valentiner, Ursula, Viebahn, Christoph, Wedel, Thilo, Weigner, Janet, Weninger, Wolfgang J., Westermann, Jürgen, Weyers, Imke, Waschke, Jens, and Hammer, Niels

Abstract

Hands-on courses utilizing preserved human tissues for educational training offer an important pathway to acquire basic anatomical knowledge. Owing to the reevaluation of formaldehyde limits by the European Commission, a joint approach was chosen by the German-speaking anatomies in Europe (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) to find commonalities among embalming protocols and infrastructure. A survey comprising 537 items was circulated to all anatomies in German-speaking Europe. Clusters were established for "ethanol"-, formaldehyde-based ("FA"), and "other" embalming procedures, depending on the chemicals considered the most relevant for each protocol. The logistical framework, volumes of chemicals, and infrastructure were found to be highly diverse between the groups and protocols. Formaldehyde quantities deployed per annum were three-fold higher in the "FA" (223 L/a) compared to the "ethanol" (71.0 L/a) group, but not for "other" (97.8 L/a), though the volumes injected per body were similar. "FA" was strongly related to table-borne air ventilation and total fixative volumes =1000 L. "Ethanol" was strongly related to total fixative volumes >1000 L, ceiling- and floor-borne air ventilation, and explosion-proof facilities. Air ventilation was found to be installed symmetrically in the mortuary and dissection facilities. Certain predictors exist for the interplay between the embalming used in a given infrastructure and technical measures. The here-established cluster analysis may serve as decision supportive tool when considering altering embalming protocols or establishing joint protocols between institutions, following a best practice approach to cater toward best-suited tissue characteristics for educational purposes, while simultaneously addressing future demands on exposure limits.

Published
2023
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10. Keratin Dynamics: Modeling the Interplay between Turnover and Transport

Author

Portet, Stephanie, Madzvamuse, Anotida, Chung, Andy, Leube, Rudolf E., and Windoffer, Reinhard

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Subcellular Processes, Quantitative Biology - Cell Behavior
Abstract

Keratin are among the most abundant proteins in epithelial cells. Functions of the keratin network in cells are shaped by their dynamical organization. Using a collection of experimentally-driven mathematical models, different hypotheses for the turnover and transport of the keratin material in epithelial cells are tested. The interplay between turnover and transport and their effects on the keratin organization in cells are hence investigated by combining mathematical modeling and experimental data. Amongst the collection of mathematical models considered, a best model strongly supported by experimental data is identified. Fundamental to this approach is the fact that optimal parameter values associated with the best fit for each model are established. The best candidate among the best fits is characterized by the disassembly of the assembled keratin material in the perinuclear region and an active transport of the assembled keratin. Our study shows that an active transport of the assembled keratin is required to explain the experimentally observed keratin organization., Comment: 27 pages, 11 Figures

Published
2015
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14. An Algorithm for Individual Intermediate Filament Tracking

Author

Kotsur, Dmytro, Yakobenchuk, Roman, Leube, Rudolf E., Windoffer, Reinhard, Mattes, Julian, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Lepore, Natasha, editor, Brieva, Jorge, editor, Romero, Eduardo, editor, Racoceanu, Daniel, editor, and Joskowicz, Leo, editor

Published
2019
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15. A keratin scaffold regulates epidermal barrier formation, mitochondrial lipid composition, and activity

Author

Kumar, Vinod, Bouameur, Jamal-Eddine, Bär, Janina, Rice, Robert H, Hornig-Do, Hue-Tran, Roop, Dennis R, Schwarz, Nicole, Brodesser, Susanne, Thiering, Sören, Leube, Rudolf E, Wiesner, Rudolf J, Vijayaraj, Preethi, Brazel, Christina B, Heller, Sandra, Binder, Hans, Löffler-Wirth, Henry, Seibel, Peter, and Magin, Thomas M

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Generic health relevance, Animals, Cell Adhesion, Cell Membrane, Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins, DNA-Binding Proteins, Epidermis, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Genotype, Intermediate Filaments, Keratinocytes, Keratins, Lipids, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Mitochondria, Proteome, Transcription Factors, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) protect the epidermis against mechanical force, support strong adhesion, help barrier formation, and regulate growth. The mechanisms by which type I and II keratins contribute to these functions remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that mice lacking all type I or type II keratins display severe barrier defects and fragile skin, leading to perinatal mortality with full penetrance. Comparative proteomics of cornified envelopes (CEs) from prenatal KtyI(-/-) and KtyII(-/-)(K8) mice demonstrates that absence of KIF causes dysregulation of many CE constituents, including downregulation of desmoglein 1. Despite persistence of loricrin expression and upregulation of many Nrf2 targets, including CE components Sprr2d and Sprr2h, extensive barrier defects persist, identifying keratins as essential CE scaffolds. Furthermore, we show that KIFs control mitochondrial lipid composition and activity in a cell-intrinsic manner. Therefore, our study explains the complexity of keratinopathies accompanied by barrier disorders by linking keratin scaffolds to mitochondria, adhesion, and CE formation.

Published
2015

25. Endurance Training Provokes Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Phenotype in Heterozygous Desmoglein-2 Mutants: Alleviation by Preload Reduction.

Author

Fabritz, Larissa, Fortmueller, Lisa, Gehmlich, Katja, Kant, Sebastian, Kemper, Marcel, Kucerova, Dana, Syeda, Fahima, Faber, Cornelius, Leube, Rudolf E., Kirchhof, Paulus, and Krusche, Claudia A.

Subjects
ARRHYTHMOGENIC right ventricular dysplasia, ARRHYTHMIA, PHENOTYPES, CONNEXIN 43, VENTRICULAR arrhythmia, SWIMMING training
Abstract

Desmoglein-2 mutations are detected in 5–10% of patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Endurance training accelerates the development of the ARVC phenotype, leading to earlier arrhythmic events. Homozygous Dsg2 mutant mice develop a severe ARVC-like phenotype. The phenotype of heterozygous mutant (Dsg2mt/wt) or haploinsufficient (Dsg20/wt) mice is still not well understood. To assess the effects of age and endurance swim training, we studied cardiac morphology and function in sedentary one-year-old Dsg2mt/wt and Dsg20/wt mice and in young Dsg2mt/wt mice exposed to endurance swim training. Cardiac structure was only occasionally affected in aged Dsg20/wt and Dsg2mt/wt mice manifesting as small fibrotic foci and displacement of Connexin 43. Endurance swim training increased the right ventricular (RV) diameter and decreased RV function in Dsg2mt/wt mice but not in wild types. Dsg2mt/wt hearts showed increased ventricular activation times and pacing-induced ventricular arrhythmia without obvious fibrosis or inflammation. Preload-reducing therapy during training prevented RV enlargement and alleviated the electrophysiological phenotype. Taken together, endurance swim training induced features of ARVC in young adult Dsg2mt/wt mice. Prolonged ventricular activation times in the hearts of trained Dsg2mt/wt mice are therefore a potential mechanism for increased arrhythmia risk. Preload-reducing therapy prevented training-induced ARVC phenotype pointing to beneficial treatment options in human patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. Transformative Materials to Create 3D Functional Human Tissue Models In Vitro in a Reproducible Manner

Author

Gerardo‐Nava, Jose L., primary, Jansen, Jitske, additional, Günther, Daniel, additional, Klasen, Laura, additional, Thiebes, Anja Lena, additional, Niessing, Bastian, additional, Bergerbit, Cédric, additional, Meyer, Anna A., additional, Linkhorst, John, additional, Barth, Mareike, additional, Akhyari, Payam, additional, Stingl, Julia, additional, Nagel, Saskia, additional, Stiehl, Thomas, additional, Lampert, Angelika, additional, Leube, Rudolf, additional, Wessling, Matthias, additional, Santoro, Francesca, additional, Ingebrandt, Sven, additional, Jockenhoevel, Stefan, additional, Herrmann, Andreas, additional, Fischer, Horst, additional, Wagner, Wolfgang, additional, Schmitt, Robert H., additional, Kiessling, Fabian, additional, Kramann, Rafael, additional, and De Laporte, Laura, additional

Published
2023
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36. Intermediate filament network perturbation in the C. elegans intestine causes systemic dysfunctions

Author

Geisler, Florian, Remmelzwaal, Sanne, Jankowski, Vera, Schmidt, Ruben, Boxem, Mike, Leube, Rudolf E, Geisler, Florian, Remmelzwaal, Sanne, Jankowski, Vera, Schmidt, Ruben, Boxem, Mike, and Leube, Rudolf E

Abstract

Intermediate filaments (IFs) are major components of the metazoan cytoskeleton. A long-standing debate concerns the question whether IF network organization only reflects or also determines cell and tissue function. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we have recently described mutants of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) SMA-5 which perturb the organization of the intestinal IF cytoskeleton resulting in luminal widening and cytoplasmic invaginations. Besides these structural phenotypes, systemic dysfunctions were also observed. We now identify the IF polypeptide IFB-2 as a highly efficient suppressor of both the structural and functional deficiencies of mutant sma-5 animals by removing the aberrant IF network. Mechanistically, perturbed IF network morphogenesis is linked to hyperphosphorylation of multiple sites throughout the entire IFB-2 molecule. The rescuing capability is IF isotype-specific and not restricted to sma-5 mutants but extends to mutants that disrupt the function of the cytoskeletal linker IFO-1 and the IF-associated protein BBLN-1. The findings provide strong evidence for adverse consequences of the deranged IF networks with implications for diseases that are characterized by altered IF network organization.

Published
2023

38. Transformative Materials to Create 3D Functional Human Tissue Models In Vitro in a Reproducible Manner

Author

Gerardo-Nava, Jose L., Jansen, Jitske, Günther, Daniel, Klasen, Laura, Thiebes, Anja Lena, Niessing, Bastian, Bergerbit, Cédric, Meyer, Anna A., Linkhorst, John, Barth, Mareike, Akhyari, Payam, Stingl, Julia, Nagel, Saskia, Stiehl, Thomas, Lampert, Angelika, Leube, Rudolf, Wessling, Matthias, Santoro, Francesca, Ingebrandt, Sven, Jockenhoevel, Stefan, Herrmann, Andreas, Fischer, Horst, Wagner, Wolfgang, Schmitt, Robert H., Kiessling, Fabian, Kramann, Rafael, De Laporte, Laura, Gerardo-Nava, Jose L., Jansen, Jitske, Günther, Daniel, Klasen, Laura, Thiebes, Anja Lena, Niessing, Bastian, Bergerbit, Cédric, Meyer, Anna A., Linkhorst, John, Barth, Mareike, Akhyari, Payam, Stingl, Julia, Nagel, Saskia, Stiehl, Thomas, Lampert, Angelika, Leube, Rudolf, Wessling, Matthias, Santoro, Francesca, Ingebrandt, Sven, Jockenhoevel, Stefan, Herrmann, Andreas, Fischer, Horst, Wagner, Wolfgang, Schmitt, Robert H., Kiessling, Fabian, Kramann, Rafael, and De Laporte, Laura

Abstract

Recreating human tissues and organs in the petri dish to establish models as tools in biomedical sciences has gained momentum. These models can provide insight into mechanisms of human physiology, disease onset, and progression, and improve drug target validation, as well as the development of new medical therapeutics. Transformative materials play an important role in this evolution, as they can be programmed to direct cell behavior and fate by controlling the activity of bioactive molecules and material properties. Using nature as an inspiration, scientists are creating materials that incorporate specific biological processes observed during human organogenesis and tissue regeneration. This article presents the reader with state-of-the-art developments in the field of in vitro tissue engineering and the challenges related to the design, production, and translation of these transformative materials. Advances regarding (stem) cell sources, expansion, and differentiation, and how novel responsive materials, automated and large-scale fabrication processes, culture conditions, in situ monitoring systems, and computer simulations are required to create functional human tissue models that are relevant and efficient for drug discovery, are described. This paper illustrates how these different technologies need to converge to generate in vitro life-like human tissue models that provide a platform to answer health-based scientific questions.

Published
2023

41. Signal and Noise Modeling in Confocal Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy

Author

Herberich, Gerlind, Windoffer, Reinhard, Leube, Rudolf E., Aach, Til, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Ayache, Nicholas, editor, Delingette, Hervé, editor, Golland, Polina, editor, and Mori, Kensaku, editor

Published
2012
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43. Meeting report – Desmosome dysfunction and disease: Alpine desmosome disease meeting

Author

Spindler, Volker, primary, Gerull, Brenda, additional, Green, Kathleen J., additional, Kowalczyk, Andrew P., additional, Leube, Rudolf, additional, Marian, Ali J., additional, Milting, Hendrik, additional, Müller, Eliane J., additional, Niessen, Carien, additional, Payne, Aimee S., additional, Schlegel, Nicolas, additional, Schmidt, Enno, additional, Strnad, Pavel, additional, Tikkanen, Ritva, additional, Vielmuth, Franziska, additional, and Waschke, Jens, additional

Published
2023
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