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We demonstrate the ability to create electron beams with high-contrast, nanometer-scale density modulations as a first step toward developing full control of the phase fronts of an x-ray free-electron laser. The nanopatterned electron beams are produced by diffracting electrons through thin single-crystal silicon membranes that are lithographically patterned to different thicknesses. For transform-limited x-ray production the desired pattern is a series of regularly spaced lines (i.e. a grating) that generate uniformly spaced nanobunches of electrons, however nearly any pattern can be etched in the silicon, such as frequency-chirps or multiple patterns of different colors or line spacings. When these patterns are transferred from the spatial to the temporal dimension by accelerator electromagnetic optics they will control the phase fronts of coherent x-rays, giving unprecedented deterministic control over the phase of ultrashort x-ray pulses. In short, this method allows the time-structure for a fully coherent x-ray beam to be generated from a pattern written on a semiconductor wafer by lithography., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

The quantitative description of the orthopositronium anomalies ("isotope anomaly" in a gaseous neon for the "resonance conditions" and "lambda{T}-anomaly" in non-resonance conditions) is possible on the basis of a hypothesis about restoration of spontaneously broken complete relativity (A.F.Andreev, 1982) of the limited space-time "volume" ("defect" of the space-time) in a final state of the beta{+}-decay of nucleus such as Na-22, Ga-68, etc. This addition of the Standard Model in a final state of the topological quantum transition (non-steady-state, a generalized displacement current) supposes the description on the common basis timelike fundamental particles (locality) and spacelike fundamental structure (non-locality without causal paradoxes). One of achievements of expansion of Standard Model can be a substantiation of topological connection e-mu-tau-Universality with discrete structure (quantization) "defect" of the space-time., Comment: 5 pages

Expansion of Standard Model for the quantitative description of the orthopositronium lifetime anomalies (from QED to supersymmetric QED) allows to formulate experimental tests of supervision of additional realization of the supersymmetry in final state of the positron beta-decay of the nuclei such as Na-22, Ga-68. The expermentum crucis program is based on supervision of the orthopositronium "isotope anomaly", on the quantitative description of the "lifetime anomaly", and will allow to resolve the alternative as results of the last Michigan work (2003)., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures

The nature of a dark matter in the Universe can be connected with realization of the (plus/minus) Planck mass in final state of the beta-plus-decay of the nuclei Na-22, Ga-68, etc. and in a gravitational field of sufficient force. This hypothesis (the topological quantum transition - a generalized "displacement current") follows out of the phenomenological model that has explained the anomalies of the orthopositronium, forming in substance by the beta-decay positrons. Vacuumlike state of substance of the positive mass (Gliner, 1965) is structured in this model (the "microstructure" of vacuum) as the long-range "atom" with the Planck mass in the limited macroscopic "volume" of space-time. Accordingly, the negative mass C-field (Hoyle & Narlikar, 1964) plays the role of a compensating field., Comment: 8 pages

The resolve of the 'orthopositronium-lifetime puzzle' needs study of the "isotope anomaly" in gaseous neon and also of the contribution ~ 0.002 of nonperturbative mode into orthopositronium annihilation. The Michigan results (2003) are considered as the first supervision of relation between gravitation and electricity. For the decision of alternative in interpretation of new and former results it is necessary to execute the program of additional measurements., Comment: 18 pages

The problem of the sea wave runup on a beach is discussed in the framework of the rigorous solutions of the nonlinear shallow-water theory. Key and novel moment here is the accounting of the asymmetric waves when the face slope steepness exceeds the back slope steepness. It is shown that the runup height growth with increase of the face slope steepness meanwhile the rundown characteristics are weakly depend from the face slope steepness. These results explain why the tsunami waves with steep front (as during the 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean) penetrate inland on large distances to compare with wave with symmetrical shape., Comment: 8 pages, in Russian; abstract in English

On the basis of phenomenological model of the orthopositronium annihilation "isotope anomaly" in gaseous neon (lifetime spectra, positrons source Na-22) the realistic estimation of an additinal mode ~0.2%) of the orthopositronium annihilation is received.