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Retinal degenerative diseases causing progressive vision loss and leading eventually to blindness affect many people worldwide. Lack of effective therapeutic methods inspires scientists to further research. The concept of visual prostheses has existed for more than 50 years. Currently safety and efficacy of subretinal and epiretinal implants is evaluated in the clinical trials. The first results are very promising. In this paper, we present the latest reports about retinal prostheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retinal degenerative diseases are an extensive group of ocular diseases, leading to vision disorders and finally irreversible vision loss. They are an significant problem, because degenerative processes exist in common ocular disorders like glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration and many other less frequently occurring disorders. In this article, we present mechanisms leading to retinal degeneration like excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and summarize the latest reports concerning neuroprotection in the treatment of retina degenerative diseases.