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6. Contributors

Author

Ahmed, Waqar, primary, Bauer-Civiello, A., additional, Benham, C., additional, Berry, K., additional, Bidjerano, Morris, additional, Blackburn, Sophie, additional, Bonsdorff, Erik, additional, Brodie, J., additional, Cao, Nguyen Ba, additional, Chen, Zhongyuan, additional, Clift, Peter, additional, Colten, Craig, additional, Critchell, K., additional, Cutts, N.D., additional, D’Elia, Christopher F., additional, Dale, A.P., additional, Daliri, Moslem, additional, Davis, Steve E., additional, Day, John W., additional, Day, J., additional, Debasis, T., additional, Defeo, Omar, additional, Dihkan, Mustafa, additional, Diop, Salif, additional, Dittmann, Sabine R., additional, Dreschel, Tom, additional, Ducrotoy, J.-P., additional, Dunn, Ryan J.K., additional, Eagle, L., additional, Elliott, Michael, additional, Feyzioğlu, Muzaffer, additional, Forbes, Donald L., additional, Franco, A., additional, Ganguly, D., additional, García-Alonso, Javier, additional, Gillies, Chris L., additional, Giosan, Liviu, additional, Glaeser, Bernhard, additional, Golbuu, Yimnang, additional, Grech, A., additional, Güneroğlu, Abdulaziz, additional, Hallett, C.S., additional, Hamann, M., additional, Hancock, Boze, additional, Hariharan, G., additional, Heiskanen, Anna-Stiina, additional, Hennig, K., additional, Hernández, Claudia Teutli, additional, Herrera-Silveira, Jorge A., additional, Hipsey, M.R., additional, Hoeksema, Steeg D., additional, Huang, Jianyin, additional, Huang, P., additional, Humphries, Austin, additional, Hussey, K., additional, Ibáñez, Carles, additional, Inam, Asif, additional, Joas, Marko, additional, Kamrani, Ehsan, additional, Kane, Coura, additional, Kemp, G. Paul, additional, Kidwai, Samina, additional, Kilminster, K.L., additional, King, Brian A., additional, Kirby, R., additional, Koulibaly, Cheikh Tidiane, additional, Lakshmi, Ahana, additional, Lanyon, Janet M., additional, Lara-Domínguez, Ana L., additional, Lercari, Diego, additional, Lewis, Matt J., additional, Li, Maotian, additional, Little, S., additional, Lovecraft, Amy Lauren, additional, Marcos, Concepción, additional, Marques, César, additional, Matsuda, Osamu, additional, Mazik, K., additional, Meeder, John F., additional, Meek, Chanda L., additional, Michael McLeod, Ian, additional, Morrison, T., additional, Muruganandam, R., additional, Newton, Alice, additional, Nhan, Nguyen Huu, additional, Niang, Awa, additional, Ojeda, Sara Morales, additional, Palomares, Maria-Lourdes D., additional, Pauly, Daniel, additional, Pelling, Mark, additional, Pérez-Ruzafa, Angel, additional, Pérez-Ruzafa, Isabel M., additional, Pont, Didier, additional, Potter, Ian C., additional, Pressey, B., additional, Purvaja, R., additional, Raghuraman, R., additional, Ramachandran, Ramesh, additional, Richmond, Robert H., additional, Ridgway, T., additional, Robin, R.S., additional, Robins, Peter E., additional, Ruiz, Pablo L., additional, Rybczyk, John M., additional, S.R., Bonthu, additional, Samsun, Osman, additional, Sappal, Swati Mohan, additional, Scarton, Francesco, additional, Scheren, Peter, additional, Shalovenkov, Nickolai, additional, Sharifinia, Moslem, additional, Shelton, Austin J., additional, Sklar, Fred H., additional, Suganya, Mary Divya, additional, Syvitski, James, additional, Tabrez, Syed Mohsin, additional, Teasdale, Peter R., additional, Troxler, Tiffany G., additional, Tweedley, James R., additional, Valesini, F.J., additional, Waltham, Nathan J., additional, Wenger, A., additional, Wheeler, Timothy B., additional, Whitfield, Alan K., additional, Wilkinson, M., additional, Withers, Kim, additional, Wolanski, Eric, additional, Yanagi, Tetsuo, additional, Yáñez-Arancibia, Alejandro, additional, Yogeswari, S., additional, Zhang, Jing, additional, and zu Ermgassen, Philine S.E., additional

Published
2019
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23. Wave-tide interaction modulates nearshore wave height [in special issue: Topical Collection on the 15th International Workshop on Wave Hindcasting and Forecasting in Liverpool, UK, September 10-15, 2017]

Author

Lewis, Matt J., Palmer, Tamsin, Hashemi, Resa, Robins, Peter, Saulter, Andrew, Brown, Jenny, Lewis, Huw, Neill, Simon, Lewis, Matt J., Palmer, Tamsin, Hashemi, Resa, Robins, Peter, Saulter, Andrew, Brown, Jenny, Lewis, Huw, and Neill, Simon

Abstract

The combined hazard of large waves occurring at an extreme high water could increase the risk of coastal flooding. Wave-tide interaction processes are known to modulate the wave climate in regions of strong tidal dynamics, yet this process is typically omitted in flood risk assessments. Here, we investigate the role of tidal dynamics in the nearshore wave climate (i.e. water depths > 10 m), with the hypothesis that larger waves occur during high water, when the risk of flooding is greater, because tidal dynamics alter the wave climate propagating into the coast. A dynamically coupled wave-tide model “COAWST” was applied to the Irish Sea for a 2-month period (January–February 2014). High water wave heights were simulated to be 20% larger in some regions, compared with an uncoupled approach, with clear implications for coastal hazards. Three model spatial resolutions were applied (1/60°, 1/120°, 1/240°), and, although all models displayed similar validation statistics, differences in the simulated tidal modulation of wave height were found (up to a 10% difference in high water wave height); therefore, sub-kilometre-scale model resolution is necessary to capture tidal flow variability and wave-tide interactions around the coast. Additionally, the effects of predicted mean sea-level rise were investigated (0.44–2.00 m to reflect likely and extreme sea-level rise by the end of the twenty-first century), showing a 5% increase in high water wave height in some areas. Therefore, some regions may experience a future increase in the combined hazard of large waves occurring at an extreme high water.

Published
2019

24. Improving estuary models by reducing uncertainties associated with river flows

Author

Robins, Peter E., Lewis, Matt J., Freer, Jim, Cooper, David M., Skinner, Christopher J., Coulthard, Tom J., Robins, Peter E., Lewis, Matt J., Freer, Jim, Cooper, David M., Skinner, Christopher J., and Coulthard, Tom J.

Abstract

To mitigate against future changes to estuaries such as water quality, catchment and estuary models can be coupled to simulate the transport of harmful pathogenic viruses, pollutants and nutrients from their terrestrial sources, through the estuary and to the coast. To predict future changes to estuaries, daily mean river flow projections are typically used. We show that this approach cannot resolve higher frequency discharge events that have large impacts to estuarine dilution, contamination and recovery for two contrasting estuaries. We therefore characterise sub-daily scale flow variability and propagate this through an estuary model to provide robust estimates of impacts for the future. River flow data (35-year records at 15-min sampling) were used to characterise variabilities in storm hydrograph shapes and simulate the estuarine response. In particular, we modelled a fast-responding catchment-estuary system (Conwy, UK), where the natural variability in hydrograph shapes generated large variability in estuarine circulation that was not captured when using daily-averaged river forcing. In the extreme, the freshwater plume from a ‘flash’ flood (lasting <12 h) was underestimated by up to 100% – and the response to nutrient loading was underestimated further still. A model of a slower-responding system (Humber, UK), where hydrographs typically last 2–4 days, showed less variability in estuarine circulation and good approximation with daily-averaged flow forcing. Our result has implications for entire system impact modelling; when we determine future changes to estuaries, some systems will need higher resolution future river flow estimates.

Published
2018

29. Optimal phasing of the European tidal stream resource using the greedy algorithm with penalty function

Author

Neill, Simon P., Hashemi, M. Reza, and Lewis, Matt J.

Subjects
Tidal stream arrays, Tidal energy, Energy(all), Greedy algorithm, Optimisation, NW European shelf seas, Pollution, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Tidal phasing
Abstract

The regular periodicity of astronomical tides allows their accurate prediction, and so it should be possible to determine how best to optimise the future distribution of arrays of tidal energy devices for any shelf sea region. By considering together the magnitude and phase of tidal currents over a shelf sea region, maximum aggregated power generation, with minimal periods of low generation, can be deduced. Here, we make use of the greedy algorithm to optimise future exploitation of the tidal stream resource over the northwest European shelf seas, a region which contains a world-leading tidal energy resource. We also apply a penalty function to the greedy algorithm, favouring the selection of future hypothetical sites where power generation would be out-of-phase with previously developed sites. Our results demonstrate that the Pentland Firth and Channel Islands would be optimal sites for parallel development for relatively low numbers of arrays, with important contributions from the Irish Sea for larger scale exploitation. Although there is minimal phase diversity between European tidal stream sites to deliver firm power generation, it is possible that the vertical tide could contribute to such baseload through the parallel development of lagoons or impoundments.

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