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Publicerad: 2023-03-12

Otto Holzapfel, Liedverzeichnis [Hildesheim: Olms, 2006], online Update Januar 2022. Dateien: Lieder, Lexikon, ergänzende Dateien [Gesamtverzeichnis im Aufbau] - Eine erste [...] Fassung dieses "Lexikons" wurde gedruckt: O.Holzapfel, Lexikon folkloristischer Begriffe und Theorien (Bern 1996; Studien zur Volksliedforschung,17). Inhalt und Umfang sind seitdem in Form eines "Zettelkastens" erheblich erweitert worden. Das Lexikon von 1996 griff bewusst auf das "Handbuch des Volksliedes" (1973/75) zurück.

This qualitative study aims to explore the ways in which digital dictionaries andmachine translation are being used to help students learning Swedish as a secondlanguage (L2). The study focuses on teacher’s reasoning for the use of these tools andthe problems they face in trying to implement the guidelines specified around the useof such tools in the Swedish curriculum. Through interviews with teachers of Swedishas a second language, and phenomenographic analysis, the study shows that mostteachers use these tools as a lexical aid rather than a steppingstone to implementingstrategies which facilitate the symbiotic uses of both the students first and secondlanguages in their linguistic development. This due to the controversial issue of usingmachine translation as a pedagogical tool in second language acquisition. Many of theteachers mentioned the shortcomings of both the tools and their own ability to usethem as a problem in implementing these tools. The teachers also had difficultiesdeciding which resources would be best in helping their students develop theirlanguage skills in the target language. Possible solutions for this problem would befurther training for teachers in the uses of machine translation and in which strategiesto teach their students to make didactic use of translation tools like Google Translate.

This qualitative study aims to explore the ways in which digital dictionaries andmachine translation are being used to help students learning Swedish as a secondlanguage (L2). The study focuses on teacher’s reasoning for the use of these tools andthe problems they face in trying to implement the guidelines specified around the useof such tools in the Swedish curriculum. Through interviews with teachers of Swedishas a second language, and phenomenographic analysis, the study shows that mostteachers use these tools as a lexical aid rather than a steppingstone to implementingstrategies which facilitate the symbiotic uses of both the students first and secondlanguages in their linguistic development. This due to the controversial issue of usingmachine translation as a pedagogical tool in second language acquisition. Many of theteachers mentioned the shortcomings of both the tools and their own ability to usethem as a problem in implementing these tools. The teachers also had difficultiesdeciding which resources would be best in helping their students develop theirlanguage skills in the target language. Possible solutions for this problem would befurther training for teachers in the uses of machine translation and in which strategiesto teach their students to make didactic use of translation tools like Google Translate.

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Rezension zu Malessa, Andreas (2007): Kleines Lexikon religiöser Irrtümer. Von Abba bis Zölibat. München: Gütersloh, 159 S., ISBN 978-3-579-06513-7.

auteur: Stéphane Hacon, Université d'Innsbruck, Diplomarbeit, 2021, (VLID)5740766

Framtidens Lexin – forskningsöversikt sammanställer forskningsrön inom lexikografi och flerspråkighet med inriktning mot inlärningsordböcker. Utifrån forskningsöversikten ges rekommendationer om hur en framtida lexikografisk resurs bör utformas för den som är nybörjare och lär sig svenska som ett andraspråk. Rapporten är skriven på uppdrag av Språkrådet, Institutet för språk och folkminnen (Isof), och ingår i en större rapport, Framtidens Lexin – målgruppsanpassning och utveckling av framtidens flerspråkiga lexikon. Syftet med denna forskningsöversikt är att undersöka hur väl anpassade för sin målgrupp Lexin (lexikon för invandrare) är i dag, nästan fyrtio år efter att det första lexikonet i serien gavs ut, och att ge rekommendationer om hur Lexin bör utvecklas i framtiden.

Framtidens Lexin – forskningsöversikt sammanställer forskningsrön inom lexikografi och flerspråkighet med inriktning mot inlärningsordböcker. Utifrån forskningsöversikten ges rekommendationer om hur en framtida lexikografisk resurs bör utformas för den som är nybörjare och lär sig svenska som ett andraspråk. Rapporten är skriven på uppdrag av Språkrådet, Institutet för språk och folkminnen (Isof), och ingår i en större rapport, Framtidens Lexin – målgruppsanpassning och utveckling av framtidens flerspråkiga lexikon. Syftet med denna forskningsöversikt är att undersöka hur väl anpassade för sin målgrupp Lexin (lexikon för invandrare) är i dag, nästan fyrtio år efter att det första lexikonet i serien gavs ut, och att ge rekommendationer om hur Lexin bör utvecklas i framtiden.

Framtidens Lexin – forskningsöversikt sammanställer forskningsrön inom lexikografi och flerspråkighet med inriktning mot inlärningsordböcker. Utifrån forskningsöversikten ges rekommendationer om hur en framtida lexikografisk resurs bör utformas för den som är nybörjare och lär sig svenska som ett andraspråk. Rapporten är skriven på uppdrag av Språkrådet, Institutet för språk och folkminnen (Isof), och ingår i en större rapport, Framtidens Lexin – målgruppsanpassning och utveckling av framtidens flerspråkiga lexikon. Syftet med denna forskningsöversikt är att undersöka hur väl anpassade för sin målgrupp Lexin (lexikon för invandrare) är i dag, nästan fyrtio år efter att det första lexikonet i serien gavs ut, och att ge rekommendationer om hur Lexin bör utvecklas i framtiden.

Rezension zu Hans-Joachim Gutjahr (Hg.): Duden Geschichte. Basiswissen Schule. Mannheim/Leipzig/Wien/Zürich: PAETEC Verlag für Bildungsmedien Berlin, Dudenverlag, 2003.

Språklig sårbarhet uppstår i situationer där omgivningens krav och förväntningar inte överensstämmer med de språkliga förutsättningar som finns hos en individ. Flerspråkiga barn med bristande exponering på sina språk riskerar att hamna i språklig sårbarhet och saknar ofta basordförråd på svenska, vilket påverkar senare läs- och skrivinlärning. För att hjälpa dessa barn att utveckla ordförrådet krävs direkta interventionsmetoder. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om en ordförrådsintervention som utgår från metoderna Interaktiv bokläsning och Ordskattsamling har en effekt på utvecklingen av basordförrådet på svenska hos flerspråkiga barn i språklig sårbarhet. Studien syftade även till att utvärdera om barnen har tillägnat sig ordinlärningsstrategier efter interventionen. Studien inkluderade 26 deltagare, varav 18 slutförde studien. Deltagarna fördelades till en interventionsgrupp och en kontrollgrupp. Samtliga barns ordförråd undersöktes före och efter interventionsperioden genom tre olika test: Semantiskt ordflöde med kategorin djur, deltestet Likheter 1 ur CELF-4 samt ett ordskattningstest. Resultatet visade att barnen som tog del av interventionen tillägnade sig fler nya ord och strategier för ordinlärning jämfört med kontrollgruppen. Resultaten visade ingen förbättring gällande ordmobilisering eller förmåga att kunna se samband mellan ord inom samma semantiska kategori, mätt med standardiserade test. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten i föreliggande studie att Interaktiv bokläsning och Ordskattsamling i kombination med fördel kan användas för att stötta ordförrådsutvecklingen hos elever i språklig sårbarhet.

The use of encyclopedias has since their entry in Sweden, played a central role in communicating and defining knowledge to society. This essay examines the representation of peoples (race) in Africa, Asia and the Orient in encyclopedias between 1845-2020. The essay aims to explain and show how several selected concepts have changed in the encyclopedias’ descriptions over time in Sweden. The results show that the encyclopedias were highly influenced by racial biology and scientific racism the further back in time the encyclopedias were issued. People from Africa, Asia and the Orient were described with external characteristics and at times associated with different psychic characteristics. Through the representation of appearance, at times presented as different and foreign, one can see a construction between “we” and “the others”. The encyclopedias also made descriptions of people with generalizing derogatory concepts that were imbued by racism and dogmatic views on the different. Descriptions of peoples appearance and character traits were something that gradually disappeared over time.

Språklig sårbarhet uppstår i situationer där omgivningens krav och förväntningar inte överensstämmer med de språkliga förutsättningar som finns hos en individ. Flerspråkiga barn med bristande exponering på sina språk riskerar att hamna i språklig sårbarhet och saknar ofta basordförråd på svenska, vilket påverkar senare läs- och skrivinlärning. För att hjälpa dessa barn att utveckla ordförrådet krävs direkta interventionsmetoder. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om en ordförrådsintervention som utgår från metoderna Interaktiv bokläsning och Ordskattsamling har en effekt på utvecklingen av basordförrådet på svenska hos flerspråkiga barn i språklig sårbarhet. Studien syftade även till att utvärdera om barnen har tillägnat sig ordinlärningsstrategier efter interventionen. Studien inkluderade 26 deltagare, varav 18 slutförde studien. Deltagarna fördelades till en interventionsgrupp och en kontrollgrupp. Samtliga barns ordförråd undersöktes före och efter interventionsperioden genom tre olika test: Semantiskt ordflöde med kategorin djur, deltestet Likheter 1 ur CELF-4 samt ett ordskattningstest. Resultatet visade att barnen som tog del av interventionen tillägnade sig fler nya ord och strategier för ordinlärning jämfört med kontrollgruppen. Resultaten visade ingen förbättring gällande ordmobilisering eller förmåga att kunna se samband mellan ord inom samma semantiska kategori, mätt med standardiserade test. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten i föreliggande studie att Interaktiv bokläsning och Ordskattsamling i kombination med fördel kan användas för att stötta ordförrådsutvecklingen hos elever i språklig sårbarhet.

The use of encyclopedias has since their entry in Sweden, played a central role in communicating and defining knowledge to society. This essay examines the representation of peoples (race) in Africa, Asia and the Orient in encyclopedias between 1845-2020. The essay aims to explain and show how several selected concepts have changed in the encyclopedias’ descriptions over time in Sweden. The results show that the encyclopedias were highly influenced by racial biology and scientific racism the further back in time the encyclopedias were issued. People from Africa, Asia and the Orient were described with external characteristics and at times associated with different psychic characteristics. Through the representation of appearance, at times presented as different and foreign, one can see a construction between “we” and “the others”. The encyclopedias also made descriptions of people with generalizing derogatory concepts that were imbued by racism and dogmatic views on the different. Descriptions of peoples appearance and character traits were something that gradually disappeared over time.

Idag finns det stora mängder användar-skapat data i form av texter från spelomdömen till åsikter i mikro-bloggar som Twitter. Att analysera detta data kan vara utav värde för både företag och akademisk forskning men är väldigt omfattande. Med hjälp av attitydanalysen kan detta utföras automatiskt och spara resurser, men vilka algoritmer presterar bäst? Med hjälp av en förstudie och ett par kvantitativa tester kunde dem mest populära tillvägagångsätten inom attitydanalysen genom att analysera spelomdömen från plattformen Steam. I testning har det visat sig att maskininlärningsalgoritmer både presterar bättre och är enklare att komma igång i jämförelse med lexikonbaserade algoritmer som knappast uppnår tröskelvärdet för pålitlighet vid klassifikation av omdömen som positiva eller negativa. Men det är fortfarande viktigt anpassa attitydanalysen för just det specifika problemet eftersom båda dessa har sina brister eftersom båda dessa tillvägagångsätt hade en dålig prestation i förhållande till sarkastiska omdömen., Today there exist a huge amount of user created content in the shape of text from game reviews to opinions in microblogs like Twitter. To analyze this data could be of value for both companies and data scientists but remains to be very daunting. With the help of sentiment analysis this could be achieved automatically and save resources, but the question remains which algorithms have the best performance? With the help of a study and a couple of tests the most popular approaches in sentiment analysis could be compared by analyzing game reviews from the platform Steam. Through testing it has showed that machine learning based algorithms have the best performance and are easier to start with in comparison to lexicon-based approaches, which barely even reach the threshold for reliability in classifying reviews to be positive or negative. But it’s still important to plan and consider which algorithm one chooses for sentiment analysis as both approaches have their flaws and had a weak performance regarding sarcastic reviews.

Idag finns det stora mängder användar-skapat data i form av texter från spelomdömen till åsikter i mikro-bloggar som Twitter. Att analysera detta data kan vara utav värde för både företag och akademisk forskning men är väldigt omfattande. Med hjälp av attitydanalysen kan detta utföras automatiskt och spara resurser, men vilka algoritmer presterar bäst? Med hjälp av en förstudie och ett par kvantitativa tester kunde dem mest populära tillvägagångsätten inom attitydanalysen genom att analysera spelomdömen från plattformen Steam. I testning har det visat sig att maskininlärningsalgoritmer både presterar bättre och är enklare att komma igång i jämförelse med lexikonbaserade algoritmer som knappast uppnår tröskelvärdet för pålitlighet vid klassifikation av omdömen som positiva eller negativa. Men det är fortfarande viktigt anpassa attitydanalysen för just det specifika problemet eftersom båda dessa har sina brister eftersom båda dessa tillvägagångsätt hade en dålig prestation i förhållande till sarkastiska omdömen., Today there exist a huge amount of user created content in the shape of text from game reviews to opinions in microblogs like Twitter. To analyze this data could be of value for both companies and data scientists but remains to be very daunting. With the help of sentiment analysis this could be achieved automatically and save resources, but the question remains which algorithms have the best performance? With the help of a study and a couple of tests the most popular approaches in sentiment analysis could be compared by analyzing game reviews from the platform Steam. Through testing it has showed that machine learning based algorithms have the best performance and are easier to start with in comparison to lexicon-based approaches, which barely even reach the threshold for reliability in classifying reviews to be positive or negative. But it’s still important to plan and consider which algorithm one chooses for sentiment analysis as both approaches have their flaws and had a weak performance regarding sarcastic reviews.

Translation activity played a significant role in the 18th century in terms of a westernization and modernization of the Ottoman State. It was very influential in shaping political and scientific ideas as well as in spreading the ideas of the enlightenment age of the Ottoman period. These developments continued during the foundation years of Republic of Turkey. Those "secret heroes", translators, are less well known than the contributions they made to Turkish literature. Well, who were those translators? Whose works were translated? From which languages were they translated and when were they published and by which publishing firms? This lexicon Türkçe Çevirmenler Sözlüğü, we aim to compile lists of translators who enriched Turkish literature by means of translation, following the example of other lexicons. The idea of "Türkçe Çeviriler Bibliyografyası" (Bibliography of Turkish Translations) has been also developed within the context of the GIP (Germanistische Institutspartnerschaft) partnership between Ege University and Johannes Gutenberg University. The project began with a lengthy search for a suitable methodology. The resources we decided to use for identifying works translated into Turkish are the National Collective Catalogue database of TUBITAK and ULAKBIM as well as the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism General Directorate of Libraries and Publications that contain the records of, among others, Ege University Library, Hacettepe University Library, Istanbul University Library, Boğazici University Library and National Library. For this lexicon, the language and literary works, which were printed in Latin alphabet and translated into Turkish from the early years of the Republic to the year 2016, were examined in terms of literary genres such as prose, verse and theater, and the records of 18.741 translated works and 6.006 translators were identified., Çeviri faaliyeti, 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti'nin batılılaşması ve modernleşmesinde önemli bir yere sahipti. Bu amaca yönelik olarak çeviri eylemi, Osmanlı döneminde aydınlanma çağındaki fikirlerin yayılması ile birlikte siyasal ve bilimsel fikirlerin yerleşmesinde de çok etkili olmuştur. Bu durum Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kuruluş yıllarında da devam etmiştir. Bu çeviri faaliyetini gerçekleştiren "gizli kahramanlar", yani çevirmenler, Türk diline ve edebiyatına yaptıkları katkılara nazaran pek tanınmazlar ve bilinmezler. Peki, bu çevirmenler kimlerdi? Kimlerin eserleri hangi dilden ve ne zaman çevrilip, hangi yayınevleri tarafından yayımlanmıştır? Türkçe Çevirmenler Sözlüğü'nde Türk edebiyatına katkıda bulunan ve Türk edebiyatının çeviri yoluyla zenginleşmesinde katkı sağlayan çevirmenlerin listelerini oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Ege Üniversitesi ile Johannes Gutenberg Üniversitesi Germersheim-Mainz (Almanya) mütercim tercümanlık bölümlerinin ortak yürüttükleri GIP (Germanistische Institutspartnerschaft) projesi bağlamında Türkçe Çeviriler Bibliyografyası kitap çalışması fikri de ortaya çıkmıştır. Uzun bir yöntem arayışından sonra başta Ege Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi ve Milli Kütüphane kayıtlarını barındıran ve T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Kütüphaneler ve Yayımlar Genel Müdürlüğü ve TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM'in Ulusal Toplu Katalog veri tabanından yararlanılarak yabancı dilden Türkçeye aktarılan eserler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından 2016 yılına kadar Türkçeye aktarılan dil ve edebiyatların nesir, nazım ve tiyatro gibi edebi türlerine göre çevirileri incelenmiştir. Toplam 18.741 eser ve 6.006 çevirmen kaydına ulaşılmıştır.

Enzyklopädischer Beitrag

The aim of the present study was to examine receptive and expressive lexicon, as well as gesture production among children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD), Using the Swedish translation of the Picture Naming Game (PiNG). The parental evaluation Swedish Communicative Development Inventory III (SCDI III) was used to determine whether the results from PiNG and SCDI III were consistent. In this study, 10 children with DLD (study group) and 11 age-matched children with typical language development (control group) between 52 and 70 months of age participated. The participants were tested with PiNG, which is a test that examines reception and production of single nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions. The guardians then completed SCDI III, which contains questions about the language abilities of the child. Gesture production in the form of deictic, iconic and conventional gestures was examined in conjunction with the use of PiNG. The results showed lower results for the study group on PiNG and SCDI III in comparison with the control group. The study group displayed a higher number of gestures than the control group, and in the former group, the use of gestures was positively correlated with the results from PiNG. In the study group, iconic gestures were used to compensate for language difficulties. The results from PiNG and SCDI III were not consistent. The age of the participants problably did not affect any results. The results from the present study indicate that PiNG may be useful when examining lexicon and gesture production among children with DLD. Both groups achieved high results on PiNG which may have affected the use of gestures and also possible correlations. For future studies, it is therefore recommended to apply PiNG on a group of younger children with DLD.

The aim of the present study was to examine receptive and expressive lexicon, as well as gesture production among children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD), Using the Swedish translation of the Picture Naming Game (PiNG). The parental evaluation Swedish Communicative Development Inventory III (SCDI III) was used to determine whether the results from PiNG and SCDI III were consistent. In this study, 10 children with DLD (study group) and 11 age-matched children with typical language development (control group) between 52 and 70 months of age participated. The participants were tested with PiNG, which is a test that examines reception and production of single nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions. The guardians then completed SCDI III, which contains questions about the language abilities of the child. Gesture production in the form of deictic, iconic and conventional gestures was examined in conjunction with the use of PiNG. The results showed lower results for the study group on PiNG and SCDI III in comparison with the control group. The study group displayed a higher number of gestures than the control group, and in the former group, the use of gestures was positively correlated with the results from PiNG. In the study group, iconic gestures were used to compensate for language difficulties. The results from PiNG and SCDI III were not consistent. The age of the participants problably did not affect any results. The results from the present study indicate that PiNG may be useful when examining lexicon and gesture production among children with DLD. Both groups achieved high results on PiNG which may have affected the use of gestures and also possible correlations. For future studies, it is therefore recommended to apply PiNG on a group of younger children with DLD.

The article presents the concept of mental lexicon's structure in context of memory theory. Mental lexicon has been defined as the part of long-term memory, where words of a particular language are gathered together with all the information concerning the structure of that particular language. Furthermore, the article points out the organization and connection between lexical units, as well as semantic relations between them. Examples depict the feasible process of activation of individual words in the mental lexicon.